WO2005096672A1 - Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides - Google Patents

Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005096672A1
WO2005096672A1 PCT/DE2005/000586 DE2005000586W WO2005096672A1 WO 2005096672 A1 WO2005096672 A1 WO 2005096672A1 DE 2005000586 W DE2005000586 W DE 2005000586W WO 2005096672 A1 WO2005096672 A1 WO 2005096672A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating element
fluid heater
electrical
electrode surfaces
heater according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2005/000586
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dieter Gruetzmann
Michael Hofmann
Original Assignee
Hermsdorfer Institut Für Technische Keramik E.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hermsdorfer Institut Für Technische Keramik E.V. filed Critical Hermsdorfer Institut Für Technische Keramik E.V.
Priority to DE502005003996T priority Critical patent/DE502005003996D1/de
Priority to EP05740627A priority patent/EP1730996B1/fr
Priority to US11/547,150 priority patent/US20070189741A1/en
Publication of WO2005096672A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005096672A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical resistance heating element for heating flowing media.
  • Electrical resistance heating elements in the form of honeycomb bodies, tube bundles or multi-hole plates are often used to heat flowing media such as air or non-conductive liquids such as silicone oil, glycol, hydraulic oil, petrol or diesel fuel.
  • media such as air or non-conductive liquids such as silicone oil, glycol, hydraulic oil, petrol or diesel fuel.
  • the volume of the resistance heating element is more or less homogeneously flowed through by the heating current and heats up.
  • a heat exchange takes place between the resistance element and the fluid on the surface of the channels or bores. How much heat is given off to the flowing medium per unit of time depends, among other things, on the temperature difference between the resistance body and the fluid, the size of the heat exchange surface, the heat capacity of the medium and its flow rate.
  • the resistance element can only emit as much heat per unit of time to the medium to be heated as it can convert to electrical power P at the available operating voltage U.
  • prismatic honeycomb radiators or tube bundles for electrical contacting are metallized on their opposite end faces, for example using the screen printing or rolling process.
  • the electrode area A is equal to the end face of the honeycomb body, minus the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the channels through which the medium flows.
  • the length I of the current paths is identical to the length of the channels.
  • the specific resistance of the Resistance materials cannot be reduced arbitrarily, especially for ceramic resistance bodies with PTC characteristics, the lower limit practically reached is around 5 to 10 ⁇ * cm. This leads to two conflicts in the manufacture of honeycombs, tube bundle or multi-channel heaters.
  • the area of the honeycomb that can be flowed through should be as high as possible.
  • DE 100 60 301 A1 proposes metallizing the channels of the honeycomb body on the inside, adjacent channels being of different polarity and the length of the current paths being equal to the wall thickness of the channels.
  • These proposed solutions require complex technological measures in order to ensure sufficiently wide insulation distances or creepage distances between electrodes of different polarity.
  • failures due to voltage breakdowns can occur with small wall thicknesses, which are actually advantageous in terms of flow technology.
  • there is the problem with honeycomb bodies with internal metallization that, for technological reasons, the cell width is restricted downwards and the channel length is restricted upwards.
  • DE 102 01 262 A1 presents a honeycomb body which is cut into two halves of equal size parallel to the electrode surfaces.
  • the cut surfaces are metallized, connected to a pole of the voltage source and then reassembled.
  • the second pole of the voltage source is simultaneously on the two outer electrode surfaces of this sandwich arrangement.
  • the honeycomb halves that are electrically connected in parallel in this way have a four times lower electrical resistance than the simple honeycomb due to the doubling of the electrode area while simultaneously halving the conductor length.
  • the disadvantage of this arrangement is the high production outlay due to the additional separation and metallization steps and there are now joining points within the channels. As a result of difficult avoidable geometry tolerances, there may be considerable disturbances in the flow at these joints.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an arrangement for electrical resistance heating elements that is technologically simple to implement and with which high power densities can be achieved at the same time. It should be possible to tailor the duct cross-section and duct length with regard to thermal and fluid engineering requirements to the respective application, without the restrictions of the metallization technology taking effect.
  • this object is achieved in the case of an electrical fluid heater made of ceramic or polymer composite material with a plurality of channels through which the medium to be heated flows, in that the fluid heater consists of at least one heating element provided with at least one channel such that the heating element is placed on the opposite one Electrode surfaces are applied to the outer surfaces, so that a current flows between the electrode surfaces essentially transversely to the direction of the channels, and that at least one of the two electrode surfaces of the heating element has a connection surface which is arranged on the adjacent outer surface of the heating element.
  • the particular advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that any number of technologically identical heating elements, each rotated by 180 ° about the surface normal of the electrode surfaces, can be strung together.
  • By rotating and joining the heating elements they can be joined together in the form of a parallel connection via the connection surfaces to form an electrical fluid heater.
  • the connection can be made by clamping, gluing or soldering.
  • the heating elements are aligned exactly in parallel.
  • the electrical connecting lines can simultaneously serve to mechanically fix the heating elements.
  • the flow of current through the honeycomb body is transverse to the direction of flow of the fluid.
  • the electrode distance results from the sum of Cell width plus double wall thickness. It is therefore many times shorter than with forehead contact. However, it does not reach the critical values as with an internal metallization.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a heating element
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the electric fluid heater according to the invention
  • the heating element 1 consists of its essential components, the channels 2 and the two opposite electrode surfaces 3, 4.
  • the first electrode surface 3 is connected to the connection surface 5.
  • the second electrode surface 4 is not connected to any connection surface 5.
  • the molded body of the heating element 1 preferably consists of PTC ceramic, which has been prepared on the basis of semiconducting barium titanate and by adding organic binders and plasticizers to give a rigid plastic mass.
  • the prismatic moldings, each with a series of parallel channels 2 are produced and sintered. After sintering, these are cut to length using diamond cutting discs.
  • metal spraying or Sputtering is used to provide the shaped bodies with suitable structured metal electrodes, for example made of aluminum or silver.
  • the heating elements 1 produced in this way are each rotated through 180 °, based on the surface normal of the electrode surfaces 3, 4, and lined up with one another. This creates a stack of heating elements 1, the first electrode surface 3 coming into contact with the second electrode surface 4 of the adjacent heating element 1.
  • the contact to the first electrode surfaces 3 and thus also to the adjacent second electrode surfaces 4 via the connection surfaces 5 is made via the upper feed line 6.
  • the connection can also be made by gluing or clamping.
  • a parallel connection of the heating elements 1 is realized by this construction u.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément chauffant à résistance électrique qui sert à chauffer des substances fluides. L'invention a pour objet la conception d'un dispositif pour éléments chauffants à résistance électrique, qui est simple de réalisation d'un point de vue technologique, et grâce auquel il est possible dans le même temps, d'obtenir des densités de puissance élevées. A cet effet, on utilise un dispositif électrique de chauffage de fluides en matériau céramique ou composite polymère comprenant une pluralité de canaux par lesquels circule la substance fluide à chauffer, le dispositif chauffant consistant en au moins un élément chauffant présentant au moins un canal, les surface extérieures opposées de l'élément chauffant étant en contact avec des surfaces d'électrode de sorte qu'un flux de courant circule entre les surfaces d'électrode, sensiblement transversalement à la direction des canaux, et au moins l'une des deux surfaces d'électrode de l'élément chauffant présentant une surface de raccord qui est disposée sur la surface extérieure adjacente de l'élément chauffant.
PCT/DE2005/000586 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides WO2005096672A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502005003996T DE502005003996D1 (de) 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Elektrischer fluidheizer
EP05740627A EP1730996B1 (fr) 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides
US11/547,150 US20070189741A1 (en) 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Electric fluid heater

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004016434.7 2004-03-31
DE102004016434A DE102004016434B4 (de) 2004-03-31 2004-03-31 Elektrischer Fluidheizer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005096672A1 true WO2005096672A1 (fr) 2005-10-13

Family

ID=34966900

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2005/000586 WO2005096672A1 (fr) 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20070189741A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1730996B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE394903T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004016434B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2306142T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005096672A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021110826A1 (fr) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-10 Grundfos Holding A/S Système de chauffage et procédé de fabrication d'un système de chauffage

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110202019A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-08-18 Mt Industries, Inc. Hand held skin treatment spray system with air heating element
WO2012086815A1 (fr) * 2010-12-24 2012-06-28 日本碍子株式会社 Structure en nid d'abeilles
JP5883299B2 (ja) * 2011-03-24 2016-03-09 日本碍子株式会社 潤滑系流体の加熱用ヒーター
JP6901722B2 (ja) * 2017-03-30 2021-07-14 東京エレクトロン株式会社 流体加熱器、流体制御装置、および流体加熱器の製造方法
IT201800005496A1 (it) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-18 Dispositivo riscaldatore elettrico, particolarmente ad effetto ptc
CN115299178A (zh) 2020-03-23 2022-11-04 康泰尔有限公司 加热元件
WO2023187017A1 (fr) 2022-03-30 2023-10-05 Kanthal Ab Élément chauffant, dispositif de chauffage de fluide et procédé de chauffage d'un fluide
WO2024105060A1 (fr) 2022-11-17 2024-05-23 Kanthal Ab Élément chauffant et dispositif de chauffage de fluide et procédé de chauffage d'un fluide
CN116287519B (zh) * 2023-02-15 2024-08-27 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 一种纯氢竖炉还原高温氢气电加热装置及方法

Citations (3)

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US4939349A (en) * 1989-06-23 1990-07-03 Uppermost Electronic Industries Co., Ltd. Ceramic thermistor heating element
US5192853A (en) * 1991-10-22 1993-03-09 Yeh Yuan Chang Heating set having positive temperatue coefficient thermistor elements adhesively connected to heat radiator devices
JPH05152057A (ja) * 1991-11-28 1993-06-18 Nippondenso Co Ltd Ｐｔｃ発熱体

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US3995143A (en) * 1974-10-08 1976-11-30 Universal Oil Products Company Monolithic honeycomb form electric heating device
US5227946A (en) * 1981-04-02 1993-07-13 Raychem Corporation Electrical device comprising a PTC conductive polymer
US4505107A (en) * 1981-10-26 1985-03-19 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas cleaning apparatus
DE3204207C2 (de) * 1982-02-08 1985-05-23 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektrischer Widerstand mit einem keramischen PTC-Körper und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US4791276A (en) * 1982-04-16 1988-12-13 Raychem Corporation Elongate electrical assemblies
JP3001281B2 (ja) * 1991-03-06 2000-01-24 日本碍子株式会社 ハニカムモノリスヒータ
DE4230848C1 (de) * 1992-09-15 1993-12-23 Siemens Matsushita Components Vielfachkaltleiter
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DE10201262B4 (de) * 2002-01-15 2006-09-07 Webasto Ag Widerstandsheizelement

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939349A (en) * 1989-06-23 1990-07-03 Uppermost Electronic Industries Co., Ltd. Ceramic thermistor heating element
US5192853A (en) * 1991-10-22 1993-03-09 Yeh Yuan Chang Heating set having positive temperatue coefficient thermistor elements adhesively connected to heat radiator devices
JPH05152057A (ja) * 1991-11-28 1993-06-18 Nippondenso Co Ltd Ｐｔｃ発熱体

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 538 (E - 1440) 28 September 1993 (1993-09-28) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021110826A1 (fr) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-10 Grundfos Holding A/S Système de chauffage et procédé de fabrication d'un système de chauffage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1730996A1 (fr) 2006-12-13
US20070189741A1 (en) 2007-08-16
ATE394903T1 (de) 2008-05-15
EP1730996B1 (fr) 2008-05-07
DE102004016434B4 (de) 2006-01-05
DE502005003996D1 (de) 2008-06-19
DE102004016434A1 (de) 2005-11-10
ES2306142T3 (es) 2008-11-01

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