EP1725776A1 - Dispositif de circulation et de chauffage de gaz pour garnitures d' étanchéité des compresseurs centrifuges - Google Patents

Dispositif de circulation et de chauffage de gaz pour garnitures d' étanchéité des compresseurs centrifuges

Info

Publication number
EP1725776A1
EP1725776A1 EP05716134A EP05716134A EP1725776A1 EP 1725776 A1 EP1725776 A1 EP 1725776A1 EP 05716134 A EP05716134 A EP 05716134A EP 05716134 A EP05716134 A EP 05716134A EP 1725776 A1 EP1725776 A1 EP 1725776A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing
gas
compressor
process gas
sealing gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05716134A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ariel Nic Weber
Hermann Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Energy Solutions Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
MAN Turbo AG Schweiz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Turbo AG Schweiz filed Critical MAN Turbo AG Schweiz
Priority to EP05716134A priority Critical patent/EP1725776A1/fr
Publication of EP1725776A1 publication Critical patent/EP1725776A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/102—Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/104—Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps the sealing fluid being other than the working fluid or being the working fluid treated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/12—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings
    • F04D29/122—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/124—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps with special means for adducting cooling or sealing fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circulating device for a rotary compressor according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a rotary compressor according to the preamble of claim 5.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating a rotary compressor according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • Rotary compressors such as turbocompressors, gas turbines, steam turbines or gas compressors for compressing gases, in particular hydrocarbons such as natural gas, are known which use non-contact dry gas seals to seal the gap between the housing and the rotatable shaft.
  • seals are arranged along the rotatable shaft and separate the pressurized process gas chamber located inside the machine housing from the ambient pressure.
  • the sealing arrangement is typically arranged in a sealing chamber which is separate from the process gas chamber, and preferably designed as a labyrinth seal.
  • a sealing gas is supplied to the sealing chamber to provide the gas required for sealing.
  • a gas from an external source, for example nitrogen, or the process gas which is compressed by the rotary compressor is suitable as the sealing gas.
  • Corresponding inlets and passages are provided in order to supply the sealing gas to the sealing chamber via a sealing gas supply system.
  • a disadvantage of such contactless dry gas seals is the fact that they are often damaged.
  • the subclaims 2 to 5 relate to further advantageous configurations.
  • the object is further achieved with a compressor having the features of claim 6.
  • the sub-claims 7 to 8 regarding further, advantageously designed compressors.
  • the object is further achieved with a method having the features of claim 9.
  • the sub-claims 10 to 13 relate to further advantageous method steps.
  • a circulating device for conveying sealing gas into the sealing chamber of dry gas seals of a rotary compressor comprising a line which forms a fluid path to the device to connect a sealing gas circuit, comprising a sealing gas compressor and a heating device which are fluidly connected to the line, and comprising a control device which controls the sealing gas compressor and the heating device.
  • Process gas such as natural gas is preferably used as the sealing gas.
  • An advantage of the circulating device according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the sealing gas is supplied to the sealing chamber in such a heated state that, due to the position of the dew point, the sealing gas does not separate any liquids or solids such as hydrates in the dry gas seal.
  • the sealing gas is partially expanded via the dry gas seal, so that the sealing gas cools down due to the Joule-Thomson effect.
  • the process ensures that no liquids or solids are excreted in the dry gas seal. This ensures that there are only gaseous substances in the dry gas seal, which ensures safe and long-term operation of the dry gas seal without damaging it, even when the compressor is idle for a long time.
  • the process gas is preferably used as the sealing gas, wherein another gas can also be used for sealing.
  • the object is further achieved, in particular, with a method for switching off a rotary compressor having dry gas seals, in that the dry gas seals are supplied with a heated sealing or process gas when they are not in operation.
  • This method is particularly advantageous when a rotary compressor is switched off and stopped without the process gas being released during the standstill, so that the pressure in the rotary compressor is essentially maintained.
  • the pressure in the rotary compressor is, for example, between 10 and 500 bar. If a rotary compressor is switched off and the process gas is not released, the process gas in the rotary compressor is equalized, the pressure of this equalizing being higher than the suction pressure of the compressor.
  • the process gas cools over time to ambient temperature, the pressure of the process gas being essentially maintained. If the dew point of the process gas is higher than the ambient temperature, there is a risk that liquid, and perhaps even solids such as hydrates, will separate, especially in the dry gas seal. There is a risk that these precipitates can damage the dry gas seals, especially when the compressor is started up again.
  • the method according to the invention now has the advantage that the dry gas seals are supplied with heated sealing or process gas in such a way that the elimination of liquid or solids is prevented.
  • a phase diagram of the process gas used is stored and the process gas is heated on the basis of the phase diagram and measured values such as temperature and / or pressure of the process gas in such a way that no liquid or solid constituents separate out in the dry gas seal.
  • the phase diagram depends on sealing or process gas used in each case.
  • a phase diagram adapted to the composition is used.
  • a phase diagram adapted to the composition is used.
  • the device or the method according to the invention is also suitable for conveying other gases.
  • the use of the process gas hydrocarbons as sealing gas is particularly demanding because this sealing gas can excrete liquids or solids even at temperatures between 20 and 50 ° C.
  • An advantage of the method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that a compressor can also stand still for a longer period of time, for example a few days, while essentially maintaining the operating pressure without the risk of damaging the dry gas seals.
  • the method according to the invention thus enables a compressor to be switched off and restarted safely and inexpensively.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic detailed view of a compressor with a circulating device
  • FIG. 2 shows a two-phase diagram of the process gas
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a further arrangement of the circulating device in a compressor.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic of an embodiment of a circulating device 1 which is fluidly connected to a compressor 2.
  • the circulating device 1 comprises two process gas lines la, lb, between which a gas compressor lc, also called a booster, a heating device le and a non-return flap 1 f is arranged in order to suck in the sealing or process gas via the process gas line la, with the gas compressor lc and the Compressing and heating the heater, and then supplying the sealing gas to the compressor 2 via the process gas line 1b.
  • the gas compressor lc increases the pressure of the sealing or process gas by 1 to 2 bar in order to enable a circulation flow of the gas.
  • the heating device le can be designed in different ways, and for example also within the
  • Process gas line la, lb may be arranged.
  • the gas compressor 1 could also comprise a pressure container, which is conductively connected to the process gas line 1 a, 1 b and serves to dampen pulsation vibrations generated by the compressor 1 c.
  • the gas compressor lc is connected to a drive ld.
  • the arrangement lc, ld can be designed as a piston compressor with two cylinders, one cylinder serving as the drive element and the other cylinder serving as the compression element
  • Drive element is supplied with compressed air for driving the cylinder.
  • the circulating device 1 can be designed as a separate unit, for example by arranging all the necessary components in a rack, for example to retrofit an existing compressor 2.
  • the circulating device 1 can, however, also form part of the compressor 2.
  • the circulating device 1 can also comprise a filter li, which is arranged in the fluid path in order to clean the gas from solids and / or liquids.
  • the circulating device 1 can also comprise a temperature sensor 1h and / or a pressure sensor 1g. These components li, lg, lh can be arranged in the circulating device 1 itself, or as in
  • Embodiment shown in Figure 1 be arranged with components of the compressor 2, in particular along the sealing gas circuit.
  • the temperature sensor 1h is arranged in FIG. 1 in such a way that it measures the temperature of the sealing gas in the area of the dry gas seal.
  • the temperature sensor 1h could, for example, also be arranged on the process gas line 2m, 2n or 2o in order to measure the temperature of the sealing gas at this point.
  • An electronic control device 4 is used to control the circulating device 1, wherein this control device 4 can form part of the circulating device 1, or can form part of the compressor 2, or can be designed as a separate, additional component.
  • the electronic control device 4 is connected via signal lines 4a to the respectively controllable components ld, le, lg, lh.
  • the rotary compressor 2 is designed in a manner known per se and comprises a compressor housing 2a and a shaft 2c rotatably mounted with the aid of bearings 2d. Compressor wheels, not shown, are fixedly connected to the shaft 2c and, together with other components, form the compression spaces inside the compressor housing 2a, which are conductively connected to the suction side 2e and the pressure side 2h.
  • Gas seals 2b are arranged along the shaft 2c, so that sealing chambers are formed between them. These gas seals 2b are contactless gas seals, preferably as
  • Labyrinth seals designed.
  • One sealing chamber is supplied with process gas via process gas lines 2n, 2o, whereas the other sealing chambers are supplied with a sealing or buffer gas, for example with nitrogen, via feeds 3a, 3c.
  • This sealing gas is supplied, for example, to a flare via a discharge line 3b or to the atmosphere via a discharge line 3d.
  • the compressor 2 comprises a first sealing or process gas circuit (21, 2m, 2n, 2o) along which the process gas circulates during the operation of the compressor 2.
  • the process gas is removed from the compressor housing 2a with the aid of the process gas line 21 at a pressure slightly above the suction pressure, then fed to a filter 2k which retains solid or liquid components, and then fed to the sealing chamber shown via the process gas lines 2m, 2n, 2o.
  • the circulating device 1 forms a second sealing gas circuit in that the process gas is removed from the suction side 2e with the aid of the process gas line 1a and fed to the compressor 1c.
  • the process gas line lb opens into the filter 2k.
  • Check valves lf, 2p are arranged, which act so passively that, depending on the respective pressure conditions, either a first sealing gas circuit 21, 2m, 2n, 2o or a second sealing gas circuit la, lb, 2m, 2n, 2o is formed.
  • the first sealing gas circuit is open and the second sealing gas circuit is closed, so that the sealing space and the dry gas seals 2b are constantly supplied with gas via the lines 2n, 2o.
  • Sealing gas circuit is closed.
  • the rotary compressor 2 is preferably not ventilated, which has the consequence that the pressure of the process gas within the housing 2s is balanced and the pressure comes to be substantially above the suction pressure.
  • the process gas cools down, whereby the pressure of the process gas is essentially retained or only drops slightly due to the good sealing effect of the dry gas seals. In this state, there is a risk that the process gas flowing through dry gas seals in very small amounts will separate out liquids or even solids, which lead into the dry gas seals and damage or even destroy them, in particular when the compressor 2 is started up.
  • the first sealing circuit is closed, the second sealing gas circuit is opened when the compressor 2 is at a standstill, and that
  • Process gas in the compressor lc is slightly compressed and then heated in order to supply the dry gas seals with safely heated process gas, and in this way to prevent liquids or solids from escaping in the dry gas seal.
  • the lines 2n, 2o be connected to the line 3a and / or 3c, and the line la to the line 3b or 3d.
  • FIG. 2 shows a two-phase diagram 5 of a process gas as a function of temperature T and pressure P.
  • Lines 5a, 5c form the boundary between the clearly gaseous or liquid state of the process gas.
  • Line 5a contains the transition phase in which the process gas can have gaseous, liquid or even solid components.
  • Line 5b represents the line of solid formation or hydrate formation.
  • Sealing gas determines the associated, individual two-phase diagram and stores it in a memory 4b of the control device 4.
  • Figure 2 shows with point 6 an example of the printing
  • the compressor shown in FIG. 1 represents only one exemplary embodiment.
  • the circulating device 1 or the method according to the invention can be used with a large number of different compressors, such as turbo compressors, gas turbines, steam turbines or gas compressors, and different process and / or sealing gases.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a further arrangement of a circulating device 1 in connection with a compressor 2.
  • the first sealing gas circuit comprises the process gas lines 21, 2m, 2n, 2o and the filter 2k.
  • the second sealing gas circuit comprises the process gas lines 21, la, lb, 2n, 2o.
  • the process gas line 21 takes the process gas from the compressor 2a at an intermediate stage.
  • the circulating device 1 is arranged as a bypass to the process gas line 2m, the valves required for diverting the fluid flow either through the line 2m or the circulating device 1 with lines 1a, 1b not being shown in FIG. 3.
  • the circulating device 1 also includes the electronic control device 4 and signal lines 4a, which are not shown.
  • the process gas line 21 could also extract the process gas from the compressor 2a on the pressure side 2h.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de circulation (1) servant à acheminer un gaz d'étanchéité dans la chambre d'étanchéité de dispositifs d'étanchéité à gaz sec (2b) d'un compresseur rotatif (2a). Ce dispositif de circulation présente une conduite (1a, 1b) qui forme un trajet de fluide le raccordant à un circuit de gaz d'étanchéité. Ce dispositif de circulation présente en outre un compresseur (1c) et un dispositif de chauffage (1e) qui sont raccordés à la conduite (1a, 1 b) de manière à conduire le fluide, ainsi qu'un dispositif de commande (4) qui commande le compresseur (1c) et le dispositif de chauffage (1e).
EP05716134A 2004-03-19 2005-03-17 Dispositif de circulation et de chauffage de gaz pour garnitures d' étanchéité des compresseurs centrifuges Withdrawn EP1725776A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05716134A EP1725776A1 (fr) 2004-03-19 2005-03-17 Dispositif de circulation et de chauffage de gaz pour garnitures d' étanchéité des compresseurs centrifuges

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04405170A EP1577561A1 (fr) 2004-03-19 2004-03-19 Dispositif de circulation et de chauffage de gaz pour garnitures d' étanchéité dans compresseurs centrifuges
EP05716134A EP1725776A1 (fr) 2004-03-19 2005-03-17 Dispositif de circulation et de chauffage de gaz pour garnitures d' étanchéité des compresseurs centrifuges
PCT/EP2005/002820 WO2005090793A1 (fr) 2004-03-19 2005-03-17 Dispositif de circulation pour un compresseur rotatif, compresseur rotatif, et procede pour faire fonctionner ce dernier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1725776A1 true EP1725776A1 (fr) 2006-11-29

Family

ID=34833830

Family Applications (2)

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EP04405170A Withdrawn EP1577561A1 (fr) 2004-03-19 2004-03-19 Dispositif de circulation et de chauffage de gaz pour garnitures d' étanchéité dans compresseurs centrifuges
EP05716134A Withdrawn EP1725776A1 (fr) 2004-03-19 2005-03-17 Dispositif de circulation et de chauffage de gaz pour garnitures d' étanchéité des compresseurs centrifuges

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04405170A Withdrawn EP1577561A1 (fr) 2004-03-19 2004-03-19 Dispositif de circulation et de chauffage de gaz pour garnitures d' étanchéité dans compresseurs centrifuges

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1577561A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007529674A (fr)
NO (1) NO20064737L (fr)
WO (1) WO2005090793A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1577561A1 (fr) 2005-09-21
JP2007529674A (ja) 2007-10-25
WO2005090793A1 (fr) 2005-09-29
NO20064737L (no) 2006-10-19

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