EP1708047B1 - Detent escapement for timepieces - Google Patents
Detent escapement for timepieces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1708047B1 EP1708047B1 EP05006851A EP05006851A EP1708047B1 EP 1708047 B1 EP1708047 B1 EP 1708047B1 EP 05006851 A EP05006851 A EP 05006851A EP 05006851 A EP05006851 A EP 05006851A EP 1708047 B1 EP1708047 B1 EP 1708047B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- locking
- finger
- tooth
- piece
- plane
- Prior art date
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/06—Free escapements
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un échappement à détente pour pièce d'horlogerie comprenant une roue d'échappement munie de dents, un balancier sur l'axe duquel sont fixés des plateaux comportant un grand plateau équipé d'une palette d'impulsions et surmonté d'un premier doigt d'actionnement, et d'un petit plateau dans le pourtour circulaire duquel est pratiquée une entaille, et un bloqueur en forme de bascule articulée sur un axe, ce bloqueur portant des moyens de blocage de la roue d'échappement, un second doigt d'actionnement et un palpeur terminé par un bec arrangé pour coopérer avec un flanc montant que présente l'entaille du petit plateau.The present invention relates to a detent escapement for a timepiece comprising an escape wheel provided with teeth, a balance wheel on the axis of which are fixed trays comprising a large plate equipped with a pallet of pulses and surmounted a first actuating finger, and a small plate in the circular periphery of which a notch is made, and a wedge-shaped blocker articulated on an axis, this blocker carrying means for locking the escape wheel , a second actuating finger and a probe terminated by a spout arranged to cooperate with a rising edge that has the notch of the small plate.
Un échappement à détente répondant à la description ci-dessus a déjà été proposé dans la demande de brevet européen portant le numéro
On comprendra que si l'on parvenait à supprimer d'une part l'organe élastique et d'autre part la goupille d'arrêt équipant l'échappement dont on a parlé au paragraphe ci-dessus on simplifierait notablement la construction de l'ensemble et c'est le but que se propose d'atteindre la présente invention.It will be understood that if it were possible to eliminate on the one hand the elastic member and on the other hand the stop pin fitted to the exhaust mentioned in the paragraph above would significantly simplify the construction of all and this is the purpose of the present invention.
Un échappement à détente exempt de tout organe élastique et se passant de toute goupille d'arrêt a bien été proposé dans la demande de brevet européen portant le numéro
On comprendra ici que les chocs créés lors de la rencontre des premier et second doigts exercent une force perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation du bloqueur. D'autre part, les doigts en question sont faits d'arêtes qui pourraient entrer en collision et provoquer la casse du mécanisme dans le cas d'un réglage déficient de ce dernier. Une meilleure fiabilité, c'est ce que se propose d'atteindre aussi la présente invention.It will be understood here that the shocks created during the meeting of the first and second fingers exert a force perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the blocker. On the other hand, the fingers in question are made of edges that could collide and cause the breakage of the mechanism in the case of a deficient adjustment of the latter. Better reliability is what is proposed to achieve the present invention.
Pour répondre aux critères et buts énoncés ci-dessus, la présente invention, en plus qu'elle répond au premier paragraphe de cette description, est remarquable en ce que les premier et second doigts d'actionnement sont fixés rigidement respectivement sur le grand plateau et sur le bloqueur et arrangés pour coopérer entre eux de telle manière que lorsque les plateaux tournent dans un premier sens, le premier doigt entraîne le second pour dégager les moyens de blocage de la roue d'échappement, le bec du palpeur étant entraîné ensuite par le flanc montant de l'entaille pour réengager les moyens de blocage dans la roue d'échappement, et de telle manière que lorsque les plateaux tournent dans un second sens, opposé au premier, le premier doigt entraîne le second pour maintenir les moyens de blocage engagés dans la roue d'échappement.To meet the above-mentioned criteria and goals, the present invention, in addition to the first paragraph of this description, is remarkable in that the first and second actuating fingers are rigidly attached respectively to the large plate and on the blocker and arranged to cooperate with each other in such a way that when the plates rotate in a first direction, the first finger drives the second finger to disengage the locking means of the escape wheel, the nose of the probe being then driven by the rising edge of the notch for reengaging the locking means in the escape wheel, and in such a way that when the plates rotate in a second direction, opposite to the first, the first finger drives the second to maintain the blocking means engaged in the escape wheel.
L'invention va être expliquée maintenant en détail ci-dessous par plusieurs modes d'exécution donnés à titre d'exemple, ces exécutions étant illustrées par des dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un premier mode d'exécution de l'échappement selon l'invention, - la
figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un deuxième mode d'exécution de l'échappement selon l'invention, - la
figure 3 est une vue en plan d'un troisième mode d'exécution de l'échappement selon l'invention, - la
figure 4 est une vue en plan d'un quatrième mode d'exécution de l'échappement selon l'invention, - la
figure 5 est une vue en plan d'un cinquième mode d'exécution de l'échappement selon l'invention, - les
figures 6 à 17 sont des vues en plan expliquant les phases de fonctionnement de l'échappement selon le premier mode d'exécution de l'invention, ces phases couvrant les première et seconde alternances d'une oscillation du balancier, et - les
figures 18 à 20 sont des vues en plan expliquant les phases de fonctionnement de l'échappement selon le deuxième mode d'exécution de l'invention ces phases couvrant la seconde alternance d'une oscillation du balancier. - La
figure 18a est un agrandissement de la zone XVIII de lafigure 18 .
- the
figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the escapement according to the invention, - the
figure 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the escapement according to the invention, - the
figure 3 is a plan view of a third embodiment of the escapement according to the invention, - the
figure 4 is a plan view of a fourth embodiment of the escapement according to the invention, - the
figure 5 is a plan view of a fifth embodiment of the escapement according to the invention, - the
Figures 6 to 17 are plan views explaining the operating phases of the escapement according to the first embodiment of the invention, these phases covering the first and second alternations of an oscillation of the balance, and - the
Figures 18 to 20 are plan views explaining the operating phases of the escapement according to the second embodiment of the invention these phases covering the second alternation of a swing of the balance. - The
figure 18a is an enlargement of the XVIII zone of thefigure 18 .
Les figures annexées illustrent l'échappement à détente objet de la présente invention. Celui-ci comprend une roue d'échappement 2 munie de dents 3. Sans que cela soit représenté, la roue 2 est entraînée par le rouage de la pièce d'horlogerie qui reçoit sa force motrice d'un barillet. Des plateaux 1 sont montés sur l'axe 16 d'un balancier non représenté sur les figures. Ces plateaux 1 comportent un grand plateau 4 équipé d'une palette d'impulsion 5 et un petit plateau 23 pourvu d'un pourtour circulaire 24 dans lequel est pratiquée une entaille 22 présentant un flanc montant 25. Un premier doigt d'actionnement 14 surmonte le grand plateau 4. Les figures montrent que ce doigt 14 émerge d'un disque 75 pris en sandwich entre les plateaux 4 et 23. L'échappement comprend encore un bloqueur 6 en forme de bascule articulée sur un axe 8. Le bloqueur 6 comporte des première et seconde parties reliées solidement par l'axe 8. Les figures montrent que la première partie comprend des moyens de blocage 80 coopérant avec les dents 3 de la roue d'échappement 2 et que la seconde partie comprend un second doigt d'actionnement 11 arrangé pour coopérer avec le premier doigt 14; et un palpeur 20 terminé par un bec 21 arrangé pour coopérer avec le flanc montant 25 de l'entaille 22 pratiquée dans le petit plateau 23.The accompanying figures illustrate the escapement relaxation object of the present invention. It comprises an
De la description qui vient d'être donnée, on constate qu'on est en présence de tous les composants nécessaires à réaliser un échappement à détente. Dans cet échappement, la roue est libérée lorsque les plateaux tournent dans un sens alors qu'elle reste bloquée lorsque les plateaux tournent dans l'autre sens. Ainsi l'impulsion au balancier n'est donnée qu'une fois par oscillation pendant laquelle la roue d'échappement tourne d'un pas angulaire tandis que, dans l'échappement à ancre, la même roue progresse d'un demi-pas à chaque alternance. Cela constitue un des avantages de l'échappement à détente puisque l'énergie perdue par suite de l'inertie de la roue d'échappement n'intervient qu'une fois par oscillation au lieu d'une fois par alternance.From the description that has just been given, we see that we are in the presence of all the components necessary to achieve a detent escapement. In this exhaust, the wheel is released when the trays rotate in one direction while it remains blocked when the trays turn in the other direction. Thus the pendulum impulse is given only once per oscillation during which the escape wheel rotates by an angular step while, in the anchor escapement, the same wheel progresses by half a step to each alternation. This is one of the advantages of the detent escapement since the energy lost as a result of the inertia of the escape wheel only occurs once per oscillation instead of once alternately.
Par rapport à la première demande de brevet
Par rapport à la seconde demande de brevet
On va décrire maintenant plusieurs formes d'exécution de l'invention qui se distinguent entre elles essentiellement par les moyens de blocage 80 mis en oeuvre.We will now describe several embodiments of the invention which are distinguished from each other essentially by the locking means 80 implemented.
La première forme d'exécution est illustrée en
Une oscillation complète du balancier est illustrée aux
En
La fin du dégagement est montrée en
Le début de l'impulsion est présenté en
En
En
La
La
La
En
En
En
A partir de la situation présentée en
Tous les détails qui ont été exposés ci-dessus montrent bien que la rencontre des doigts 11 et 14 font naître un couple autour de l'axe de rotation du bloqueur 6 créant ainsi un mouvement tournant naturel du bloqueur. Cela n'était pas le cas de la demande
La deuxième forme d'exécution de l'invention est illustrée aux
On va passer en revue maintenant différentes phases de fonctionnement de la seconde forme d'exécution de l'invention en s'aidant des
En
En
En
A partir de la situation montrée en
On remarquera ici que ce deuxième mode d'exécution de l'invention présente l'avantage de faire appel à une seule palette 52 de forme simple et de fabrication aisée. La roue d'échappement 2 affectée de plans de repos 38 ne présente pas non plus de difficulté de fabrication.It will be noted here that this second embodiment of the invention has the advantage of using a
La troisième forme d'exécution de l'invention sera expliquée maintenant avec l'aide de la
La quatrième forme d'exécution de l'invention fait référence à la
Les moyens de blocage 80 décrits ci-dessus sont analogues aux moyens exposés à la
La cinquième forme d'exécution de l'invention se rapporte à la
Ainsi se termine l'énumération des moyens de blocage aptes à assurer le bon fonctionnement de l'échappement à détente selon la présente invention. On l'a déjà fait remarquer, cet échappement fait abstraction de tout ressort et s'apparente en cela à l'échappement décrit dans la demande
Claims (6)
- Detent escapement for a timepiece including an escape wheel (2) fitted with teeth (3), a balance onto whose staff (16) there are secured rollers (1) including a large roller (4) provided with an impulse pallet stone (5) and surmounted by a first actuating finger-piece (14), and a small roller (23) in the circular periphery (24) of which a notch (22) is made, said escapement further including a blocking member (6) in the form of a lever hinged on a pin (8), said blocking member carrying means (80) for locking the escape wheel (2), a second actuating finger-piece (11) and a follower (20) ending in a beak (21) arranged for cooperating with a rising edge (25) of the notch of the small roller (23), characterized in that the first (14) and second (11) actuating finger-pieces are rigidly secured respectively to the large roller (4) and to the blocking member (6) and arranged for cooperating with each other such that when the rollers (1) are rotating in a first direction (a), the first finger-piece (14) drives the second finger-piece (11) to release the locking means (80) from the escape wheel (2), the beak (21) of the follower (20) being then driven by the rising edge (25) of the notch (22) to re-engage the locking means in the escape wheel, and such that when the rollers (1) are rotating in a second direction (b) opposite to the first, the first finger-piece (14) drives the second finger-piece(11) to keep the locking means (80) engaged in the escape wheel (2).
- Detent escapement according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking means (80) have first (50) and second (51) pallet stones arranged one beside the other and respectively having first (34) and second (35) locking planes inclined in relation to each other to form a locking line (36), the first plane (34) intercepting a tooth (62) of the wheel (2) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the first direction (a), the beak (21) of the follower (20) is driven by the rising edge (25) of the notch (22), after which the tooth (62) rests on the locking line (36), said tooth finally scaling the second locking plane (35) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the second direction (b), the first finger-piece (14) drives the second finger-piece (11), said tooth (62) returning to the locking line (36) when the second finger-piece leaves the first.
- Detent escapement according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking means (80) include a single locking pallet stone (52) provided with a beak (40), said pallet stone having a first locking plane (37) and in that each tooth (3, 60, 62) of the escape wheel (2) has a second locking plane (38) in turn having a locking line (39), the first plane (37) intercepting a tooth (62) of the wheel (2) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the first direction (a), the beak (21) of the follower (20) is driven by the rising edge (25) of the notch (22), after which the beak (40) of the pallet stone (52) rests on the locking line (39), said beak (40) finally scaling the second locking plane (38) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the second direction (b), the first finger-piece (14) drives the second finger-piece (11), said beak (40) returning to the locking line (39) when the second finger-piece leaves the first.
- Detent escapement according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking means (80) includes first (53) and second (54) locking pallet stones arranged one on the other and respectively having first (42) and second (43) locking planes inclined in relation to each other to form a locking line (44), the first plane (42) intercepting a tooth (62) of the wheel (2) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the first direction (a), the beak (21) of the follower (20) is driven by the rising edge (25) of the notch (22), after which the tooth (62) rests on the locking line (44), said tooth (62) finally scaling the second locking plane (43) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the second direction (b), the first finger-piece (14) drives the second finger-piece (11), said tooth (62) returning to the locking line (44) when the second finger-piece leaves the first.
- Detent escapement according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking means (80) includes a single locking pallet stone (7) having a first locking plane (31) located at the front of the pallet stone and a second locking plane (32) located at the back of the pallet stone, the second plane being inclined in relation to the first to form a locking line (33), the first plane (31) intercepting a tooth (62) of the wheel (2) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the first direction (a), the beak (21) of the follower (20) is driven by the rising edge (25) of the notch (22), after which the tooth of the wheel rests on the locking line (33), said tooth finally scaling the second locking plane (32) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the second direction (b), the first finger-piece (14) drives the second finger-piece (11), said tooth returning to the locking line (33) when the second finger-piece leaves the first.
- Detent escapement according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking means (80) include first (55) and second (56) locking pallet stones respectively cooperating with first (62) and second (63) teeth of the escape wheel (2), said first and second pallet stones respectively having first (70) and second (71) locking planes, the first locking plane (70) intercepting the first tooth (62) of the wheel (2) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the first direction (a), the beak (21) of the follower (20) is driven by the rising edge (25) of the notch (22), the second tooth (63) of the wheel (2) then scaling the second locking plane (71) when, with the rollers (1) rotating in the second direction (b), the first finger-piece (14) drives the second finger-piece (11), said first and second locking planes being inclined in relation to each other such that the second tooth (63) rests on the locking line (72) located on the second locking plane (71) of the second pallet stone (56) after the first tooth (62) has been intercepted by the first pallet stone (55) and after the second finger-piece (11) has been driven by the first (14).
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE602005005633T DE602005005633T2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | Chronometer escapement for watches |
EP05006851A EP1708047B1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | Detent escapement for timepieces |
AT05006851T ATE390653T1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | CHRONOMETER ESCAPEMENT FOR WATCHES |
SG200601993A SG126106A1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-24 | Detent escapement for timepiece |
US11/277,652 US7494268B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-28 | Detent escapement for timepiece |
CNB2006100659902A CN100547503C (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-29 | The detent escapement that is used for clock and watch |
JP2006093882A JP4896559B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | Watch detent escapement |
HK06112122.0A HK1091558A1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-11-03 | Detent escapement for timepiece |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05006851A EP1708047B1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | Detent escapement for timepieces |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1708047A1 EP1708047A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
EP1708047B1 true EP1708047B1 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
Family
ID=35511723
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05006851A Active EP1708047B1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | Detent escapement for timepieces |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7494268B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1708047B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4896559B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100547503C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE390653T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602005005633T2 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1091558A1 (en) |
SG (1) | SG126106A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1983391B1 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2010-01-20 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Lever escapement for timepiece |
ATE449985T1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2009-12-15 | Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse | ESCAPEMENT COMPRISING TWO ESCAPE WHEELS |
DE602007004446D1 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2010-03-11 | Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse | Direct impulse inhibition for watches |
DE602007003075D1 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2009-12-17 | Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse | Anchor escapement comprising two escapement gears |
JP5366319B2 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2013-12-11 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | Detent escapement and mechanical watch having the same |
CH704051B1 (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2013-10-15 | Nivarox Sa | Exhaust for synchronous clockwork. |
EP2450757B1 (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2014-10-15 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Anti-tripping device for escapement mechanism |
EP2450756B1 (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2015-01-07 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Anti-tripping device for escapement mechanism |
US9052694B2 (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2015-06-09 | Detra Sa | Escapement device for timepiece |
CH707171A2 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-15 | Nivarox Sa | Horological limiting or transmission mechanism for limiting or transmitting angular movement of clockwork, has limiting or transmission unit fixed with component of clockwork by bistable flexible element or with structural element |
EP2863273B1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2016-01-13 | Montres Breguet SA | Escapement mechanism for watch movement |
US10585398B2 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2020-03-10 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) | General two degree of freedom isotropic harmonic oscillator and associated time base |
EP3121660B1 (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2018-02-14 | Cartier International AG | Detent escapement mechanism and timepiece comprising such a mechanism |
EP3179316B1 (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2021-09-15 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Contactless cylinder escapement |
EP3907566A1 (en) * | 2020-05-05 | 2021-11-10 | Montres Breguet S.A. | Detent escapement for timepiece |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH3299A (en) * | 1891-03-05 | 1891-08-31 | Emile James | Improvement in trigger exhausts |
US1105062A (en) * | 1912-06-25 | 1914-07-28 | Joe Steiner | Equalizing unlock and impulse action escapement. |
CH64175A (en) | 1913-05-20 | 1914-03-16 | Bernhard Pitzing | shovel |
US1359005A (en) * | 1920-07-26 | 1920-11-16 | Verner Clarence | Triple roller for watches |
US2362836A (en) * | 1942-04-11 | 1944-11-14 | Joseph Pavelka | Clock balance wheel |
DE1244665B (en) * | 1962-11-03 | 1967-07-13 | United States Time Corp | Pointer mechanism drive |
US3538705A (en) * | 1968-11-07 | 1970-11-10 | Hamilton Watch Co | Escapement |
CH570644B5 (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1975-12-15 | Far Fab Assortiments Reunies | |
SU479075A1 (en) * | 1973-12-28 | 1975-07-30 | Научно-исследовательский институт часовой промышленности | Motion transducer for balance electronic mechanical watches |
CH599585B5 (en) * | 1975-08-05 | 1978-05-31 | Ebauchesfabrik Eta Ag | |
SU723491A1 (en) * | 1978-09-01 | 1980-03-25 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4257 | Device for automatic electric winding-up of time-piece spring |
EP1041459B1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2002-09-18 | Ulysse Nardin S.A. | Escapement for timepiece |
DE60133171T2 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2009-04-30 | Manufacture Et Fabrique De Montres Et Chronometres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle Sa | Inhibition for timepieces |
DE50307083D1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2007-05-31 | Paul Gerber | Inhibition for clock |
EP1538490B1 (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2007-05-30 | Montres Breguet S.A. | Detent escapement for wrist-watches |
EP1538491B1 (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2010-11-10 | Montres Breguet S.A. | Detent escapement for watches |
ATE459026T1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2010-03-15 | Montres Breguet Sa | CHRONOMETER ESCAPEMENT FOR WATCHES |
ATE390652T1 (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2008-04-15 | Montres Breguet Sa | CHRONOMETER ESCAPEMENT FOR WATCHES |
-
2005
- 2005-03-30 DE DE602005005633T patent/DE602005005633T2/en active Active
- 2005-03-30 EP EP05006851A patent/EP1708047B1/en active Active
- 2005-03-30 AT AT05006851T patent/ATE390653T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-03-24 SG SG200601993A patent/SG126106A1/en unknown
- 2006-03-28 US US11/277,652 patent/US7494268B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-29 CN CNB2006100659902A patent/CN100547503C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-30 JP JP2006093882A patent/JP4896559B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-03 HK HK06112122.0A patent/HK1091558A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1708047A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
US20060221774A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
US7494268B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 |
HK1091558A1 (en) | 2007-01-19 |
ATE390653T1 (en) | 2008-04-15 |
CN1841241A (en) | 2006-10-04 |
SG126106A1 (en) | 2006-10-30 |
JP2006284580A (en) | 2006-10-19 |
CN100547503C (en) | 2009-10-07 |
DE602005005633T2 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
DE602005005633D1 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
JP4896559B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
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