EP1695765A1 - procédé de tri et appareil associé - Google Patents

procédé de tri et appareil associé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1695765A1
EP1695765A1 EP06001397A EP06001397A EP1695765A1 EP 1695765 A1 EP1695765 A1 EP 1695765A1 EP 06001397 A EP06001397 A EP 06001397A EP 06001397 A EP06001397 A EP 06001397A EP 1695765 A1 EP1695765 A1 EP 1695765A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixture
separating
separation
medium
basin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06001397A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Schöftner
Burkhard Riss
Günther Dipl.-Ing. Klammer
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Haring
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PROFACTOR Produktionsforschungs GmbH
Original Assignee
PROFACTOR Produktionsforschungs GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1695765A1 publication Critical patent/EP1695765A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
    • B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
    • B03D1/0043—Organic compounds modified so as to contain a polyether group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
    • B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
    • B03D1/028—Control and monitoring of flotation processes; computer models therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/08—Subsequent treatment of concentrated product
    • B03D1/085—Subsequent treatment of concentrated product of the feed, e.g. conditioning, de-sliming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
    • B03D1/1462—Discharge mechanisms for the froth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
    • B03D1/1468—Discharge mechanisms for the sediments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/16—Flotation machines with impellers; Subaeration machines
    • B03D1/18—Flotation machines with impellers; Subaeration machines without air supply

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the separation of at least one metallic component from a mixture containing them in a liquid separation medium with the aid of a gaseous transport medium for enrichment of the metallic component in the separation medium, the use of the method for the treatment and recycling of metal waste, a separation device for the separation of at least one metallic component of a mixture containing them with a separating basin for receiving a liquid separating medium in or on which at least one discharge element for separating the separated metallic component is arranged, as well as the use of the separating device.
  • DE 28 48 474 A describes a method and an apparatus for separating particulate materials, such as sand or copper grains.
  • the mixture of particulate materials of different density or different specific gravity is introduced into a fluidized bed whose flow particles have an average density which is between the densities of the mixed, particulate materials.
  • the river in the Fluidized bed is generated by an introduced gas, especially air.
  • the apparatus used for this purpose comprises a device for discharging the separated, particulate materials, in particular a conveyor provided with projections, which dips into the fluidized bed and receives the separated particles by means of the projections.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for carrying out the method, with which at least one metallic component can be separated from a mixture.
  • it is a partial object of the present invention to separate a mixture of chips of aluminum and magnesium or their alloys from each other.
  • the transport medium is formed by a chemical reaction of the metallic component or introduced into the separation medium impurities and / or the separation medium, as well as in the separation basin of the separation device according to the invention at least one distribution device for at least approximately uniform distribution of the particles of the mixture over the and / or the bottom of the separating basin is arranged.
  • the advantage here is that the transport medium is made possible by the separation of the at least one metallic component from the rest of the mixture, within the separation medium only when needed, i. when a metallic component is introduced into the separation medium which initiates the chemical reaction, i. e. that no additional energy has to be expended in order to maintain a transport medium flow, as required by the prior art method in the form of the introduced air.
  • the separation device is equipped with a distribution device for the uniform distribution of the particles in the separation basin, whereby a sufficient wetting of the at least one metallic component with the separation medium is made possible so that an increase in the efficiency of the separation can be achieved.
  • agglomeration can be held back by this distribution device, whereby the degree of separation can be further improved, namely by preventing that other than the desired at least one metallic component is entrained by their floating in the separation medium.
  • the gaseous transport medium may be hydrogen resulting from the reaction of a non-noble Metal or metal alloy is formed with an aqueous phase.
  • the gaseous transport medium produced in the form of gas bubbles with an average bubble diameter, selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.2 mm, in particular 0.3 mm, preferably 0.35 mm, and an upper limit of 0.75 mm, in particular 0.65 mm, preferably 0.5 mm, since this allows a controlled procedure without too vigorous "foaming" within the separation medium, so that a targeted separation of the at least one metallic component, ie a targeted floating of the same, is made possible on the separation medium.
  • the speed of the gaseous transport medium is maximally so high that at least a majority of the developed gas bubbles adhere to the surface of the metallic component, which in turn achieves or improves the separation effect by making these gas bubbles exactly the desired metallic component discharge from the mixture and no "foreign phases" from the mixture are entrained by the gas bubbles.
  • Water can be used as separation medium, which on the one hand enables the already mentioned hydrogen evolution in the separation of base metals or metal alloys from the mixture and, on the other hand, an ecologically largely harmless separation medium is used.
  • At least one additive can be added to the separation medium. It is advantageous if this additive adheres to the metallic component or the mixture lubricant, which in particular from the metalworking as there used cooling lubricant, so that these cooling lubricants can also be worked to a certain extent and beyond process costs are saved can, as already at the metalworking on the later separation process is taken into account when selecting the cooling lubricant.
  • adjuvants can also be added as an additive, for example those which enhance the adhesion of the gaseous transport medium to the at least one metallic component, so that the gas bubbles produced by the reaction remain at the place of their formation and thus to a very high degree exclusively the floating of the desired , cause to be separated metallic component of the mixture.
  • surfactants or adhesion aids such as e.g. Alkanesulfonates, alkane sulfates, or collectors are used.
  • a foaming agent or foamer such as e.g. Polyglycols and their ethers, terpene alcohols, organic surfactants, alkylsulfonic acids, alkylbenzylsulfonic acids, silicone compounds, on the one hand the separation efficiency can be improved and on the other hand can be achieved that the separated metallic component remains floating over a longer period on the surface of the separation medium, so that the Discharge of this metallic component can be carried out batchwise.
  • At least one viscosity regulator may also be used, e.g. Polyethylene glycols, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, whereby the residence time of the at least one component within the separation medium before floating can be determined in advance, so that thus the duration of the reaction time available can be adjusted and thus the quality of the separation can be influenced.
  • the separation is carried out at a temperature of the separation medium which is selected from a range with a lower limit of 4 ° C, in particular 40 ° C, preferably 55 ° C, and an upper limit of 180 ° C, in particular 155 ° C, preferably 135 ° C and / or if the separation is carried out under a pressure selected from a range with a lower limit of 1 mbar, in particular 2 bar, preferably 3.25 bar, and an upper limit of 10 bar, in particular 7.5 bar, preferably 5.75 bar and / or the separation is carried out at a pH of the separation medium selected from a range having a lower limit of 0, in particular 3, preferably 4.2 and an upper limit of 14, in particular 11.35, preferably 7.1, whereby a direct influence on the separation behavior is made possible, for example, on the concentration, the reaction rate and the shape of the gas bubbles. It may be advantageous if the separation medium is buffered, for example with citric acid, in order to level the pH to a certain level.
  • the separation medium To increase the buoyancy of the separation medium, its density may be increased, e.g. by the addition of an aqueous sodium polytungstate solution and / or a zinc bromide solution. It can thus be achieved a greater security against the demolition of the gas bubbles.
  • the mixture may be comminuted prior to introduction into the separation medium to an average particle size with a length selected from a range with a lower limit of 6 mm, in particular 7 mm, preferably 8 mm, and an upper limit of 15 mm, in particular 12 mm, preferably 10 mm, and a width selected from a range with a lower limit of 2 mm, in particular 2.5 mm, preferably 2.75 mm, and an upper limit of 5 mm, in particular 4 mm, preferably 3 mm , and an average height which is selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.1 mm, in particular 0.15 mm, preferably 0.2 mm, and an upper limit of 0.5 mm, in particular 0.4 mm, preferably 0.3 mm, whereby a larger surface area for the reaction and thus a higher separation speed can be achieved.
  • the reaction is carried out with a controlled gas bubble formation, whereby a gas volume is generated, which is selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.21 / kg mixture, in particular 0.251 / kg mixture, preferably 0.3 1 / kg mixture, and an upper limit of 0.91 / kg mixture, in particular 0, 75 l / kg mixture, preferably 0.43 l / kg mixture, so preferably again only that amount of gas is generated, which for the separation of at least one metallic component is required from the mixture and thus can be prevented that other components are separated from the mixture unintentionally.
  • a gas volume is generated, which is selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.21 / kg mixture, in particular 0.251 / kg mixture, preferably 0.3 1 / kg mixture, and an upper limit of 0.91 / kg mixture, in particular 0, 75 l / kg mixture, preferably 0.43 l / kg mixture, so preferably again only that amount of gas is generated, which for the separation of at least one metallic component is required from the mixture and thus can
  • these chips preferably made of aluminum and magnesium or their alloys, ie alloys of aluminum or alloys of magnesium, are used, or according to a further embodiment used as a mixture of one of metallic composite materials, it being particularly advantageous if at least one of the metals or metal alloys with a liquid medium , in particular the separation medium, reacts such that gas bubble formation occurs and thus the at least one metallic component is separated off.
  • the at least one metallic component of the mixture is cleaned before use, in particular degreased, so that in the event that these surface impurities, in particular fats, can not be used as an additive, a sufficient surface for the To provide reaction.
  • a vertical flow in particular with the separating medium, can be generated with a predeterminable flow velocity, wherein, according to one embodiment variant, the flow velocity is just so great that the components of the mixture, in particular the metallic component, are held in suspension at least approximately completely also prevents agglomeration by uniform distribution of the mixture in the separating basin and subsequently a sufficiently large surface can be provided for the reaction.
  • the flow rate is advantageously adjusted as a function of the density of the separation medium and / or the mean diameter of the particles, so that at best a floating state of the particles is achieved.
  • the gaseous transport medium in particular Hydrogen
  • a recovery for example, a thermal utilization
  • the necessary for the temperature of the separation medium under certain circumstances required heat energy from the process is at least partially recovered.
  • At least a volume of the separation medium is withdrawn continuously or discontinuously from the separating basin and fed to a treatment plant for the separation of metal ions contained in the separation medium, in order to be able to feed the separation medium to the renewed use and thus to a cycle within the process, and on the other hand, in some circumstances, in turn, raw materials, such as magnesium salts, such as Magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride for further use.
  • raw materials such as magnesium salts, such as Magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride for further use.
  • the distribution device is designed as a stirrer, thereby allowing a sufficient distribution of the mixture in particular circular or oval-shaped separating basin.
  • this distribution device is designed as a screw conveyor, so that the use of angular, e.g. square separating basin is just as effective as the use of round separating basins.
  • At least one of the screw conveyors is designed to be horizontally pivotable in order in turn to allow a more even distribution of the mixture in the separating basin.
  • the distribution device may be formed as a fluidized bed in order to achieve as well as a uniform distribution of the mixture in the separating basin.
  • the distribution device may have a feed pipe for the vertical supply of a fluid into the separation tank in order to achieve a turbulence of the individual particles of the mixture.
  • the at least one discharge element may be a paddle roller in order to enable efficient discharge of the floated, at least one metallic component.
  • a shredding device can be arranged in front of the separating basin, wherein according to a variant of the shredding device at least one sieve, in particular a grading curve, can be arranged in order to have a particle size of the mixture, in particular of the at least one metallic component, with a sufficiently large surface area for rapid reaction to provide.
  • the at least one sieve may have an overflow, which is preferably connected to the comminution device in order to feed the oversized particles of the mixture again to the comminution device, so that the separation device can be operated at least in this area as far as possible without manual intervention.
  • a cleaning step for the mixture may be arranged to remove, for example, impurities adhering to the mixture, e.g. Lubricating oils, etc., at least partially remove.
  • This cleaning stage may comprise at least one device for supplying a cleaning fluid, in particular a spray nozzle, whereby the cleaning itself can be designed more efficiently with little use of cleaning fluid.
  • the bottom of the separating basin at least partially bevelled in relation to a footprint of the separating basin, in particular conically formed is so that non-floating mixture components due to gravity in the lower portions of the separation sink sink, and it is according to a further embodiment of advantage, if in this area at least one discharge device, such as a slide, is arranged, with or with this other components can be removed from the separating basin.
  • the separating basin in the upper region may have a gas collecting device, in particular an exhaust, in order to remove and collect the gaseous transport medium formed during the chemical reaction, in order, for example, to recover it, e.g. a thermal utilization to supply.
  • a gas collecting device in particular an exhaust, in order to remove and collect the gaseous transport medium formed during the chemical reaction, in order, for example, to recover it, e.g. a thermal utilization to supply.
  • the separating basin has at least one each inlet and outlet for the separation medium in order to produce a continuous flow in the separating basin or in order to renew the separation medium or to supply it to a regeneration.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the method and the separation device for the recovery of metal waste, in particular a mixture of chips, aluminum and magnesium or chips of aluminum alloys and / or magnesium alloys.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first output variant of a separating device 1 for separating at least one metallic component 2 from a mixture 3 containing same.
  • the separation device 1 comprises in its simplest embodiment, a separation tank 4 by a separation medium 5 is presented.
  • the separation medium 5 is formed by a liquid, preferably water or an aqueous solution or a solvent mixture, or the like .. Instead of water but all other suitable liquids, such as organic solvents, alcohols, etc., can be used.
  • the inventive method for separating the at least one metallic component 2 from the mixture 3 is guided such that a transport medium 6 is formed by a chemical reaction of the metallic component 2 or with this introduced into the separation medium 5 impurities, preferably with the separation medium 5 ,
  • the process according to the invention serves to separate magnesium turnings or chips from magnesium alloys of aluminum turnings or shavings from aluminum alloys. It is therefore possible, by reaction of the magnesium with water to produce hydrogen as the transport medium 6, wherein this transport medium 6 is preferably generated in the form of gas bubbles or bubbles, which is the floating of the magnesium chips, ie the at least one metallic component 2 in the direction a surface 7 of the separation medium 5, as shown in Fig. 1, causes.
  • the method according to the invention is also suitable for other metallic components 2, in particular base metals or alloys, which react with corresponding separation media 5, this reaction leading to the formation of gas bubbles. It is thus achieved the advantage that due to the in-situ formation of the transport medium 6 on its additional introduction into the separation medium 5, as for example takes place in known flotation, can be omitted.
  • the separating basin 4 is executed in its embodiment of FIG. 1 as a round separating basin.
  • other cross-sections such as oval, polygonal, e.g. square, quadrangular, etc., can be used.
  • a distribution device 8 in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in the form of an agitator, is arranged, corresponding shaped distribution devices, as further below in Detail is explained to use, and thus to effect the even distribution.
  • the distribution device 8 it is possible to largely avoid agglomeration within the mixture 3 and thus also a sufficient wetting of the at least one metallic component with the separation medium or a reactant contained therein, by reaction with the at least one metallic component 2, the corresponding gas formation causes to provide.
  • the agitator i. the distribution device 8
  • the distribution device 8 By the agitator, i. the distribution device 8, it is possible to simply pour the mixture 3 into the separating basin 4.
  • the process is carried out such that the gas bubbles have a certain average bubble diameter selected from a range having a lower limit of 0.2 mm, in particular 0.3 mm, preferably 0.35 mm, and an upper limit of 0.75 mm , in particular 0.65 mm, preferably 0.5 mm.
  • a certain average bubble diameter selected from a range having a lower limit of 0.2 mm, in particular 0.3 mm, preferably 0.35 mm, and an upper limit of 0.75 mm , in particular 0.65 mm, preferably 0.5 mm.
  • the gas bubbles may also have an average diameter selected from a range having a lower limit of 0.5 mm and an upper limit of 5 mm.
  • the volume is increased by more than 77% with a bubble diameter of around 200 ⁇ m, provided that bubbles adhere everywhere, so that with the method according to the invention sufficient separation performance is achieved.
  • Mg About 0.047% by weight of Mg is reacted with Mg 2+ , whereby about 0.43 1 of H 2 per kg of Mg is produced, so that a certain degree of safety with respect to H 2 / Mg is achieved.
  • Another advantage is that the amount of magnesium reacted is relatively low, so that a possible environmental impact or necessary landfill of the magnesium ionized separation medium can be kept within limits.
  • the method is carried out in such a way that the gas bubbles or gas bubbles continue to grow on the particle or metal chip after their formation, so that the particle or the metal chip experiences an acceleration with respect to its or its on drive. If the particles have arrived at least in the region of the surface of the separation medium 5, it no longer interferes if the gas bubbles at least partially tear off the particle.
  • the diameter of the gas bubbles can be adapted to the respective particle size, i. the adjustment is made by the appropriate reaction, which, however, the expert on his expertise without inventive step on the basis of representational doctrine to technical action readily choose itself accordingly.
  • gas bubbles remain after their formation in an advantageous manner to those particles of the metallic component 2, where they are formed.
  • these gas bubbles have a mean bubble diameter corresponding to the range described above, since too large gas bubbles tear off from the metallic particles under certain circumstances and thus do not bring about the desired buoyancy of the same.
  • additives may be added to the separation medium 5, such as e.g. Alkanesulfonates, alkanesulfates.
  • This rake is horizontally displaceable according to double arrow 10, in the direction of a discharge device 11, e.g. a chute.
  • a discharge device 11 e.g. a chute.
  • this horizontal movement of the discharge element 9 already floated particles of the metallic component 2 are moved in the direction of the discharge device 11 and from the separating basin 4 subsequently via this e.g. by gravity or by appropriate conveyors, e.g. Conveyor belts, etc., removed from the system and stored in the collection in a collection, not shown, for its further use, for example, melt metallurgical use.
  • the residual component (s) of the mixture 3 remaining on a bottom 12 of the separating basin 4 can likewise be transported via a corresponding discharge element 9, for example once again a rake by horizontal displacement, to a further discharge device 11 and in this way removed from the system.
  • At least one additional additive may be added to the separation medium 5.
  • a cooling lubricant conventionally used in metal working such as e.g. an emulsion of a synthetic and / or mineral and / or vegetable oil, in particular esterbasierend.
  • Such an addition is particularly advantageous if the transport medium 6 is formed by reaction of this additive alternatively or additionally, and if this adheres to an insufficient extent to the metallic component 2 and the mixture 3 of metal cutting machining, so that an unsatisfactory separation result would be achieved ,
  • adjuvants to the separation medium 5 which, as already mentioned, enhance the adhesion of the gaseous transport medium 6 to the at least one metallic component 2, e.g. Alkanesulfonates, alkanesulfates.
  • a so-called foaming agent may be added to the separation medium, such as polyglycols and their ethers, terpene alcohols, organic surfactants, alkylsulfonic acids, alkylbenzylsulfonic acids, silicone compounds.
  • viscosity regulators e.g. Polyethylene glycols, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether
  • a Aufschwimmumble 13 which essentially extends from the bottom 12 to the surface 7 of the separation medium 5, that is simplified about the filling level of the separation medium 5 in the separation tank 4 set.
  • the separation medium 5 is tempered, this temperature may be selected from a range with a lower limit of 4 ° C, in particular 40 ° C, preferably 55 ° C, and an upper limit of 180 ° C, in particular 155 ° C, preferably 135 ° C.
  • the rate of reaction i.e. the rate of reaction
  • the emergence of the transport medium 6 are regulated in the form of the gas bubbles, in particular when the formation of the transport medium 6 is too low at room temperature.
  • a temperature sensor 14 may be arranged in the separating basin 4, wherein this may be connected via a line 15 to a control and / or regulating device 16 in order to achieve a higher degree of automation.
  • This control and / or regulating device 16 can be embodied, for example, in the form of a PC or the like.
  • a cover (not shown in Fig. 1) may be provided to allow a corresponding pressure build-up.
  • the overpressure may be selected from a range with a lower limit of 1 mbar, in particular 2 bar, preferably 3.25 bar, and an upper limit of 10 bar, in particular 7.5 bar, preferably 5.75 bar.
  • a corresponding sensor can also be arranged in the separating basin 4 for this purpose, which in turn is preferably conductively connected to the control and / or regulating device 16.
  • the milieu of the separation medium 5 itself is regulated, i. in that a pH value selected from a range having a lower limit of 0, in particular 3, preferably 4.2 and an upper limit of 14, in particular 11.35, preferably 7.1, is set, for example, for the formation of the gaseous transport medium 6, whereby it is also possible to influence the kinetics of the reaction.
  • a probe 17 may also be arranged in the separating basin 4, which in turn is preferably conductively connected via a line 18 to the control and regulating device 16.
  • the separation medium 5 is buffered, e.g. with citric acid.
  • these measures it is advantageously possible to align the formation of the gas bubbles of the transport medium 6 with the particular requirements of the separation process, i. that just as much gas bubbles arise in order to achieve the most complete possible floating of the component 2, for example the magnesium chips or the magnesium particles, but not so much that in addition other components of the mixture are entrained. Furthermore, these measures can also be used to influence the size of the resulting gas bubbles, which in turn allows the separation efficiency to be optimized accordingly.
  • a gas volume is generated, selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.2 1, in particular 0.25 1, preferably 0.3 1, and an upper limit of 0.9 1, in particular 0, 75 1, preferably 0.43 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows a variant of the inventive separation device 1, wherein like parts are provided with the same reference numerals corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • individual parts of the embodiment of the separating device 1 of Fig. 1 can be transferred to this embodiment of Fig. 2, such. the temperature sensor 14, the probe 17, etc., without this having to be referenced separately in FIG.
  • a feed device 19 e.g. a hopper, which is connected for example via a conveyor belt 20 or directly to a reduction device 21, abandoned.
  • the arrangement of a conveyor belt 20 offers, for example, the advantage that the task of the mixture 3 can take place flore-side.
  • an average particle size can be selected from a range with a lower limit of 6 mm, in particular 7 mm, preferably 8 mm, and an upper limit of 15 mm, in particular 12 mm, preferably 10 mm, and a width which is selected from a range with a lower limit of 2 mm, in particular 2.5 mm, preferably 2.75 mm , and an upper limit of 5 mm, in particular 4 mm, preferably 3 mm, and an average height which is selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.1 mm, in particular 0.15 mm, preferably 0.2 mm, and an upper limit of 0.5 mm, in particular 0.4 mm, preferably 0.3 mm, so that in the separation tank 4, ie in the separation medium 5, a sufficient wetting of the metallic component 2, ie its particles for a sufficient Tren to achieve performance.
  • the average height can be selected from a range with a lower limit of 6 mm, in particular 7 mm, preferably 8 mm, and an upper limit of 15 mm, in
  • particles having a mean size between 0.1 mm and 12 mm - based on the mesh size of a screen - have.
  • At least one sieve (not shown in FIG. 2), in particular a sieving line, with which the desired or the desired sieve fractions are screened, can be arranged downstream of the comminuting device 21.
  • a grading curve is always advantageous if, for the separation itself, a specific composition of different grain sizes of the mixture 3 is desired.
  • this at least one sieve or the uppermost sieve of the grading curve is connected to the shredding device 21 via a corresponding rinse slaughterer worn in the task area, for example with the feeder 19, again in this case the arrangement of the conveyor belt 20 and thus the hall level
  • the task of the mixture 2 is advantageous because it does not require any additional energy for driving a conveyor to overcome the height of the backfraction of the grading curve or of the sieve into the inlet area of the comminuting device 21, so that this backfraction is again supplied to the comminution.
  • the comminuting device 21 is alternatively arranged downstream of a cleaning stage 22.
  • This cleaning stage 22 may comprise, for example, at least one spray nozzle 23, preferably several, with which a corresponding cleaning agent, e.g. a surfactant or the like. Is sprayed over the individual comminuted particles of the mixture 3 and these are thus cleaned of adhering impurities, for example by means of a solvent, so that a cleaned surface for the reaction in the separating basin 4 is available. It is advantageous if the particles of the mixture 3 are moved, for example on a perforated belt 24 or the like. Through the cleaning stage 22, so that the running cleaning agent, which is afflicted with the contaminants, run by gravity in a funnel-shaped outlet 25 and there appropriate collection, may be supplied for further processing if necessary.
  • a corresponding cleaning agent e.g. a surfactant or the like.
  • the particles of the mixture 3 can in turn be a feed device 19, for example said hopper, another conveyor belt 20 or be passed to another conveyor, with which they are supplied to the separating basin 4.
  • a first distribution device 8 for example in the form of a stirrer, be arranged to best possible to separate the optionally moist particles of the mixture 3, if they were not previously subjected to drying and thus prevent agglomeration.
  • these particles can be transferred to a further conveyor 26, with which the particles of the mixture 3 are finally introduced into the separation medium 5.
  • This conveyor 26 is in Fig. 2 in the form of two screw conveyors, preferably with different conveying length, carried out so as to bring about the most uniform distribution of the particles of the mixture 3 through the bottom 12 of the separation tank 4.
  • this further conveyor 26 is formed horizontally pivotable, so that wide areas of the bottom 12 of the separation tank 4 are swept by this conveyor 26 and thus a corresponding homogenization of the particles of the mixture 3 is achieved in the separation tank 4, whereby the wetting of the particles of the mixture 3 can be improved by the Trenmnedium 5.
  • paddle rollers are shown as discharge elements 9, which generate by their rotational movement a flow in the direction of the discharge device 11 so that floated metal particles, ie, for example, magnesium turnings, fed through this flow of the discharge device 11 and are withdrawn through this system.
  • floated metal particles ie, for example, magnesium turnings
  • the bottom 12 of the separating basin 4 is conical in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, so that the downwardly sinking, non-floating particles can be fed by gravity to a slide-shaped discharge element 9 and withdrawn therefrom to the separating basin 4.
  • the bottom 12 is bevelled only on one side.
  • a gas collecting device 27 is indicated by dashed lines, for example a suction hood, with the ascending gas, so for example, the hydrogen collected and fed to a corresponding collection container.
  • the hydrogen can be utilized thermally, for example, in order to obtain at least proportionately the energy required for the possibly necessary tempering of the separation medium 5.
  • the distribution device 8 for the particles of the mixture 3 in the form of a fluidized bed, so that these particles can be kept in suspension for a long time.
  • a sufficient wetting and appropriate responsiveness are available.
  • the distribution device 8 has at least one inlet pipe for the vertical supply of a fluid in the separation tank 4, which in turn can be generated in the separation tank 4, a flow with which the particles of the mixture 3 can be held in suspension.
  • Corresponding devices for controlling and controlling the flow velocity and generally the flow conditions in the separating basin 4 can - as they are known from the prior art - be arranged in this and be connected, for example, with previously described control and / or regulating device 16 line.
  • the separating basin 4 has at least one inlet and one outlet for the separating medium 5, as a result of which it can be exchanged discontinuously or preferably continuously and optionally recycled, so that a content of metal ions in this separating basin 4 or separating medium 5 is achieved predeterminable level or predeterminable concentration does not exceed.
  • the recycling of the precipitated separating medium 5 can take place, for example, in the form of a precipitation of these metal ions, for example, magnesium salts, e.g. Magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, etc. are precipitated and used as a secondary raw material, wherein the separation medium 5 itself can be fed to the separation tank 4 again.
  • the inventive method and the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for the separation of mixtures 3 from the metal processing, in particular from the metal machining, so for example, metal shavings, the described Execution "separation of aluminum shavings and magnesium shavings or their alloys" only serves as an example and the method can of course be used for similarly behaving metals or metal mixtures. For example, it is also possible in this way to separate magnesium shavings from steel alloys, ie steel shavings.
  • the gas formation can - as already mentioned - also be caused by possible, used during the manufacturing, processing and recycling process, adhering cooling lubricants, but also deliberately added by the solution additives by a chemical reaction. Due to the gas and bubble formation produced and, if appropriate, additional change in the density of the separation medium 5 with heavy solutions, such as Natriumpolywolframatassien, zinc bromide solutions, the separation of the at least one metallic component 2 takes place, of course, the density difference between the metallic components, e.g. of Al and Mg, plays a role.
  • a flow for example by supplying a corresponding fluid in the region of the surface 7 of the separating basin 4, can generally be generated.
  • the non-floating fraction can be withdrawn either continuously or discontinuously from the bottom 12 of the separating basin 4.
  • the described pretreatment in the form of the cleaning stage 22 can also be used, in addition to cleaning the chips, to neutralize the adhering cooling lubricants or, if appropriate, trigger a chemical reaction in order to accelerate the subsequent separation process, for example to destroy adhering oxide layers at least to the extent that that the corresponding gas formation can take place by chemical reaction.
  • further pretreatment may take place in such a way that over optionally added additives which adhere to the particles, in particular metal particles, of the mixture 3, a reduction in the surface tension of the separating medium 5, for example of the water, in the separating basin 4 can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP06001397A 2005-01-27 2006-01-24 procédé de tri et appareil associé Withdrawn EP1695765A1 (fr)

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CN110216021A (zh) * 2019-06-06 2019-09-10 刘艳伟 一种用于选矿的具有收集功能的高效型浮选设备
CN112295742A (zh) * 2019-07-29 2021-02-02 奥图泰(芬兰)公司 浮选槽
CN113440923A (zh) * 2021-07-07 2021-09-28 河北化工医药职业技术学院 一种污水处理用生态型人工快渗池
DE102020002499A1 (de) 2020-04-26 2021-10-28 Smart Material Printing B.V. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Reinigung und Wiedergewinnung gebrauchter Schmierstoffe und/oder Kühlschmierstoffe

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JPS63221882A (ja) * 1987-03-10 1988-09-14 Nikko Eng Kk 凝集浮上分離方法及び装置
US5453203A (en) * 1992-10-22 1995-09-26 Toyo Dynam Co., Ltd. Process and apparatus for purifying low polluted water
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110216021A (zh) * 2019-06-06 2019-09-10 刘艳伟 一种用于选矿的具有收集功能的高效型浮选设备
CN112295742A (zh) * 2019-07-29 2021-02-02 奥图泰(芬兰)公司 浮选槽
DE102020002499A1 (de) 2020-04-26 2021-10-28 Smart Material Printing B.V. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Reinigung und Wiedergewinnung gebrauchter Schmierstoffe und/oder Kühlschmierstoffe
WO2021219243A1 (fr) 2020-04-26 2021-11-04 Smart Material Printing B.V. Dispositif et procédé pour épurer et récupérer des lubrifiants et/ou des lubrifiants réfrigérants usagés
CN113440923A (zh) * 2021-07-07 2021-09-28 河北化工医药职业技术学院 一种污水处理用生态型人工快渗池

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