EP1688576B1 - Porte coulissante avec système d'entraînement magnétique et fonctionnalité de voie d'evacuation - Google Patents

Porte coulissante avec système d'entraînement magnétique et fonctionnalité de voie d'evacuation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1688576B1
EP1688576B1 EP05022484.9A EP05022484A EP1688576B1 EP 1688576 B1 EP1688576 B1 EP 1688576B1 EP 05022484 A EP05022484 A EP 05022484A EP 1688576 B1 EP1688576 B1 EP 1688576B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding door
phase
magnets
individual coils
coils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05022484.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP1688576A2 (fr
EP1688576A3 (fr
Inventor
Sven Busch
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Dorma Deutschland GmbH
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Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102005002051A external-priority patent/DE102005002051B4/de
Priority claimed from DE102005002048A external-priority patent/DE102005002048B4/de
Priority claimed from DE102005002039A external-priority patent/DE102005002039B3/de
Application filed by Dorma Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP1688576A2 publication Critical patent/EP1688576A2/fr
Publication of EP1688576A3 publication Critical patent/EP1688576A3/fr
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Publication of EP1688576B1 publication Critical patent/EP1688576B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
    • E05D15/0621—Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides
    • E05D15/0626—Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides for wings suspended at the top
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
    • E05Y2400/50—Fault detection
    • E05Y2400/512—Fault detection of electric power
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/61—Power supply
    • E05Y2400/612—Batteries
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/20—Combinations of elements
    • E05Y2800/21—Combinations of elements of identical elements, e.g. of identical compression springs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/25—Emergency conditions
    • E05Y2800/252—Emergency conditions the elements functioning only in case of emergency
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sliding door with a magnetic drive system and an escape route functionality.
  • the magnetic drive system has a linear drive unit with at least one magnet row.
  • the term magnet series also includes elongated individual magnets.
  • the magnet series can be arranged stationary or mobile.
  • the magnetic drive system is preferably designed as a magnetic support and drive system.
  • a sliding door guide is known in the cooperating magnets under normal load effect a non-contact floating guide held in a sliding guide door or the like, wherein in addition to the stationary magnet arranged the sliding guide a stator of a linear motor is arranged, the rotor is arranged on the sliding door.
  • the selected V-shaped arrangement of the permanent magnets of the disclosed permanently excited magnetic support means no laterally stable guideway can be realized, which is why a relatively complicated arrangement and design of the stator and rotor is required.
  • a combined storage and drive system for an automatically operated door in which a permanently energized magnetic support system is symmetrical and has fixed and movable magnet rows, each arranged in a plane, wherein the support system in a labile equilibrium is located, and in which the support system has symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements, which can be stored in a roll shape. Due to the thus achieved laterally stable track results in a simple design and arrangement of the stator and rotor housed in a common housing linear motor, namely the ability to arbitrarily arrange stator and rotor of the linear motor with respect to the support system and with respect to the shape of stand and runners not to be limited by the support system.
  • an electromagnetic drive system for magnetic levitation and support systems in which a stable levitation and support state is achieved by a suitable arrangement of permanent magnet and ferromagnetic material.
  • the permanent magnet puts the ferromagnetic material in the state of a magnetic partial saturation.
  • Electromagnets are arranged so that the permanent magnets alone by changing the saturation in the mounting rail are moved, and the coil cores are involved in the permanent magnetic partial saturation, which leads to the floating and wearing state.
  • FIG. 94/13055 a stand drive for a linear electric drive and a door provided with such a stand, which is suspended by means of magnets in the lintel of a frame.
  • a plurality of magnets or magnet groups are arranged on the door panel, the magnetic field strength is so large that an attraction force is achieved to a guide plate, which is arranged on the underside of the lintel, wherein the attraction is sufficient to lift the weight of the door.
  • the rope must be tightened each time the door is closed, whereby the drive motor is more heavily loaded and that the door is in the closed state under a bias, so that it by the engine, a clutch or a locking device in the closed Position must be kept.
  • an additional electromagnetic clutch in the drive train is usually necessary to reduce the friction occurring in the drive train by the elastic tension elements when opening. Due to friction, the elastic tension elements also generate noise during normal operation. Also, the elastic tension element provides an additional Component is that causes additional manufacturing costs and claimed additional space.
  • the elastic tension elements can age by the constant operation and load depending on the material used and thereby lose elasticity, whereby the opening force decreases or the tensile elements can break, so that a regular review and possibly a regular replacement are necessary.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is that an additional motor is necessary, which causes additional manufacturing costs and requires additional space, and that this solution offers only limited security, since the first motor could block when burned by caking the insulation materials.
  • the sliding door comprises a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf, with a magnet row arranged in the drive direction, the magnetization of which changes sign in its longitudinal direction at certain distances, and a support slide connected to the magnet row, to which the door leaf can be fastened , as well as with a coil arrangement comprising a plurality of individual coils and coil cores which, with appropriate control of the individual coils, interacts with the magnet series, which induces feed forces, wherein the individual coils of the coil arrangement are assigned at least two phase strings and the individual coils assigned to a respective phase string are connected in parallel, an electric power storage and an emergency control, which is connected to the electric power storage and can open the sliding door in case of power failure or failure of the main control.
  • the sliding door comprises a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf, with a magnet row arranged in the drive direction, the magnetization of which changes sign in its longitudinal direction at certain distances, and a support slide connected to the magnet row, to which the door leaf can be fastened , And with a consisting of a plurality of individual coils and coil cores coil arrangement, which causes an appropriate interaction with the magnet coil, the feed forces, wherein the individual coils of the coil assembly are associated with at least two phase strands and connected to a respective phase strand individual coils connected in series an electric power storage and an emergency control, which is connected to the electric power storage and can open the sliding door in case of power failure or failure of the main control.
  • the sliding door comprises a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf, with a magnet row arranged in the drive direction, the magnetization of which changes sign in its longitudinal direction at certain distances, and a support slide connected to the magnet row, to which the door leaf can be fastened , And with a consisting of a plurality of individual coils and coil cores coil arrangement, which causes an appropriate action of the individual coils interaction with the magnetic series, the feed forces causes an electric power storage, an emergency control, which is connected to the electric power storage and the sliding door in case of power failure or failure the main control can open, and two or more auxiliary coils connected to the emergency control for opening the sliding door with a corresponding control.
  • an escape route function is accordingly realized by a fail-safe designed linear motor is provided with a powered by an accumulator emergency control.
  • the linear motor is designed to be fail-safe by interconnecting the large number of electromagnetic drive coils present in it so that the motor can continue to operate virtually without damage during the burn-through or in the event of contact errors of a single coil or coil group.
  • the additionally provided emergency control with accumulator supply which is connected to the existing coil strands of eintationêt interconnected coils, opens the door at Power failure, when pressing an emergency switch, in case of failure of the main control or at regular intervals for self-test of the escape route function, as z. B. is prescribed in Germany.
  • the sliding door according to the invention with a magnetic drive system for the escape route function has no mechanical transmission means between the engine and the door, a failure of the escape route function by mechanical failure, for. B. by tearing or jamming of the belt, ruled out, so that according to the invention in comparison with the described method in conventional sliding door drives with mechanical transmission elements, a higher security is achieved.
  • the accumulator preferably used as an electric power storage can also be realized alternatively by a capacitor or a battery. When using a rechargeable electric power storage this is preferably charged automatically, so that there is always a sufficient emergency power available.
  • the fail-safe interconnection of the individual coils is achieved in the first alternative by a parallel circuit of the individual coils of a phase strand, since individual coils can fail here, z. B. by the wire melts or breaks a coil terminal, without the operation is negatively affected safety relevant.
  • the fail-safe interconnection of the individual coils is carried out by a series connection of the individual coils of a phase strand, since short circuits within a coil, z. B. by failure of the wire insulation of individual coils, can occur without the linear motor fails as a result, since individual failed coils do not interfere. Since a correspondingly thick wire can be used, a line or wire breakage is extremely unlikely and can be compensated with appropriate mechanical protection of the stator. Further, the series-connected coils of a phase string can be made of a single uninterrupted wire, so that breakage of a coil terminal in the series connection can be precluded. This shows that the required single-fault safety is given by the inventive short-circuit-proof interconnection of the coils of a phase strand.
  • the fail-safe design of the individual coils of the linear drive according to the invention is achieved by two or more additional coils for the emergency opening function, which can be operated with the emergency control independently of the main coil strand.
  • the coils can act like the main coils on the rotor.
  • the additional emergency opening coils may be mounted individually or in one or more groups between the main coils and in front of or behind them.
  • the additional coils provided for the emergency opening function can be made smaller than those provided for normal operation, since they are only operated at great time intervals for a short time, ie, for the respective single opening.
  • the sliding door preferably further comprises a monitoring unit that monitors the charge and aging state of the electric power storage.
  • this preferably additionally present electronic monitoring of the charge and aging state of the electric power storage, a poor condition or a temporal aging acoustically, z. B. by a beep, optically, z. B. by a light signal, by an emergency opening or by a message to a central monitoring system, whereby a necessary maintenance or a necessary replacement of the electric power storage is displayed.
  • inventively preferably provided electronic monitoring of the electric power storage to be changed in fixed periods, which depend on the type of power memory. Thus, a battery must be changed more frequently than an accumulator, which in turn must be changed more frequently than a capacitor.
  • the sliding door preferably further comprises an emergency control path detection system, the output of which is fed to the emergency control, which performs path-dependent commutation of the magnetic drive system based on the received output signal.
  • a separate route detection system for the emergency control ie in addition to a path detection system for the normal operation ensuring the main control, this can commutate the electromagnetic linear motor as in normal operation path-dependent.
  • This own path detection system can be designed simpler than that intended for normal operation, z. B. only by an incremental encoder, by means of which the absolute position of the door leaf can not be detected.
  • the emergency control route detection system can also serve merely as a backup for the route detection system used in normal operation, ie the emergency control normally uses the route detection system used in normal operation (by the main control) and only its own emergency control route detection system if it fails.
  • the emergency control of the sliding door preferably performs a time-controlled commutation of the magnetic drive system.
  • This alternative or additional time-controlled commutation of the electromagnetic linear motor in the emergency opening offers a particularly high level of operational reliability, since no route detection system is required for the emergency opening and therefore can not fail either.
  • the potential disadvantages of such timed commutation are of very little importance for emergencies.
  • a control of the movement ie, a targeted path-dependent acceleration and deceleration of the door, can be done in the event of a power failure by the existing incremental encoder of the main control. In the event of a total failure of the travel signal, the door can still open unregulated due to the time-controlled commutation.
  • both types of commutation can be implemented with a dedicated trip detection system, thereby providing a particularly fail-safe system, especially when the emergency control route detection system serves only as a backup to the route detection system used in normal operation.
  • a plurality of individual coils of the coil assembly are made of a continuous wire in the sliding door.
  • a connection can be created between two individual coils connected in series.
  • all coils of the drive or at least one phase strand are made of a continuous wire. In addition to the gain in functional reliability, thereby the manufacturing process can be simplified.
  • all coils of the motor or a phase strand can each be made of a single continuous wire, whereby a particularly high reliability is achieved.
  • connecting lines for the individual coils of the coil arrangement are configured redundantly in the sliding door.
  • delta or annular coil system of the stator increased reliability is achieved.
  • this is achieved when the neutral contact is repeatedly executed to increase the reliability in a star connection of the coil strands.
  • the stator of the drive according to the invention consists of at least two coils, preferably a larger number of coils is used.
  • the coils are assigned to at least two phase strings.
  • a three-phase motor as this can be particularly cost-effective for a particularly good drive characteristics, such as high efficiency and a uniform thrust.
  • the coils can be connected in three phases both in the triangle and in the star. It is also possible to realize drive motors with four, five, six and more phases - with corresponding additional effort.
  • the individual coils of the coil arrangement are preferably connected in delta connection or in star connection between a three-phase control system.
  • the sliding door preferably further comprises, for each door leaf, a roller arrangement connected to the magnet row, which fulfills a supporting function with respect to the door leaf and ensures a certain gap-like distance between the magnet row and the coil cores.
  • the magnetic support and drive system of this invention designed for at least one door panel can be manufactured in series without disregarding the actual later use without divergence thereof, that is, as shown in FIG. H. without an adjustment required during production to the weight to be carried later.
  • a gap-like distance in the sense of this invention is a distance between two parallel or slightly inclined surfaces.
  • the magnet series is preferably magnetized parallel to the support direction and transversely to the drive direction.
  • the magnet array preferably consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (Sm 2 Co) or plastic-bonded magnet materials.
  • high-performance magnets preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (Sm 2 Co) or plastic-bonded magnet materials.
  • the drive system or combined support and drive system is used to drive at least one door leaf of a sliding door, which is preferably designed as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall. In addition to this insert, it can also be used to drive gate leaves or in feed devices, handling devices or transport systems.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of two drive segments of a drive system preferably used according to the invention, here as a combined magnetic support and drive system, in a longitudinal section, in which the magnetic linear drive used in the invention acts on the magnetic row 1, which on a support carriage 4 is fixed, which holds a door 5.
  • the magnet array 1 is attached to a support profile 6 and has in each case alternately polarized individual magnets.
  • coils 2 are arranged with a certain gap-shaped distance, that a respective coil core 3 in the supporting direction, ie z-direction extends.
  • the coil cores are in attractive force with the magnetic series 1 and thus bring a portion of a load capacity for the door 5 on.
  • stator coils 2 are arranged with their respective coil cores 3 in different relative positions to the grid of the permanent magnets.
  • each relative position is attributable to an electrical phase of a drive system required for the linear drive, as few electrical phases as possible should be used. Due to the available three-phase three-phase network is a three-phase system, as exemplified in FIG. 2 shown is very inexpensive to build.
  • FIG. 2 shows the interconnection of the coils of FIG. 1 shown two drive segments of the invention preferably used linear drive unit.
  • a first coil 2a is connected to a first coil core 3a between a first phase and a second phase of a three-phase three-phase system whose three phases are uniformly distributed, ie the second phase at 120 ° and a third phase at 240 °, when the first phase is at 0 °.
  • the second coil 2b with coil core 3b of a drive segment of the linear drive unit lying in the positive drive direction, ie + x direction, next to the first coil 2a with coil core 3a is connected between the second phase and the third phase and that in the positive drive direction, ie + x-direction next to the second coil 2b with coil core 3b lying third coil 2c with bobbin 3c is connected between the third phase and the first phase.
  • a drive segment of the linear drive unit lying drive segments of the linear drive unit are connected in the same way to the three phases of the three-phase system.
  • FIG. 3 Such a circular phase diagram with drawn coils is shown in FIG. 3 shown.
  • the electric potential is given in V and on the abscissa the magnetic potential.
  • a circle around the origin of this coordinate system which represents a zero potential for both the electric potential and the magnetic potential, represents the phase angles of the voltage applied to the respective coils, wherein a 0 ° -phase position is given at the intersection of the circle with the positive ordinate and the phase is clockwise to a 90 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the negative abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of the south pole, a 180 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the negative ordinate, which represents the minimum voltage potential a 270 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the positive abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of the north pole, to a 360 ° phase position, which is equal to the 0 ° phase position, in the intersection of the circle with the positive ordinate, which represents the maximum voltage potential changes.
  • the first coil 2a with a coil core 3a between a 0 ° -phase position and a 120 ° -phase layer
  • the second coil 2b with the bobbin 3b between a 120 ° -phase position and a 240 ° -phase position
  • the third coil 2c lie with coil core 3c between a 240 ° -phase position and a 360 ° -phase position.
  • the hands of these coils rotate in accordance with the alternating frequency of the three-phase current in a clockwise direction, wherein in each case one of the electrical potential difference between the projected at the ordinate start and end points of the pointer corresponding voltage is applied to the coil.
  • a phase pass of 180 ° corresponds to a displacement of the rotor by the distance between the centers of two adjacent magnets, ie the magnetic grid R M.
  • a pole change is performed when shifting around the magnetic grid R M.
  • the rotor displacement is two R M.
  • the magnets are again in the starting position relative to the grid R S of the stator coils, comparable to a 360 ° rotation of the rotor of a two-pole DC motor.
  • the ordinate is considered, on which the applied electrical voltage potential is shown.
  • the maximum potential at 180 °, the minimum potential and at 90 ° or 270 °, an average voltage potential.
  • the coils are represented in the diagram by arrows whose start and end points represent the contacts.
  • the respectively applied coil voltage can be read by projection from start and end point of the arrows to the potential axis. By the direction of the arrow, the current direction and thereby the magnetization direction of the coil is set.
  • phase diagram instead of a continuous sinusoidal voltage source, the phase diagram according to FIG. 3
  • a controller with a rectangular characteristic can also be used.
  • the rectangular characteristic is represented by switching thresholds.
  • the phase connections can each assume the three states plus potential, minus potential and potential-free.
  • the plus potential z. B. in a range between 300 ° and 60 ° and the negative potential in a range of 120 ° to 240 ° and the ranges between 60 ° and 120 ° and 240 ° and 300 ° represent the potential-free state in which the coils are not are connected.
  • For square-wave voltage control is disadvantageous compared to the sinus control uneven thrust.
  • FIG. 5 shown potential distribution, wherein a minimum potential of 0 V in a range between 105 ° and 255 °, a maximum potential of 24 V in a range of 285 ° to 75 ° and potential-free ranges of 75 ° to 105 ° and 255 ° to 285 ° present.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a supporting and driving means of a sliding door according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • a basically U-shaped support profile 6 has a bottom 9 and two perpendicular thereto side portions 10, each having recesses 11, in which on the support carriage 4 mounted arrangements 7, 8 run by individual rollers, which cause a vertical guide.
  • two identical arrangements 7, 8 are selected from single roles, of which a left arrangement 7 lies in the positive transverse direction y to the left of a right arrangement 8.
  • the left-hand arrangement 7 is fastened on the supporting carriage 4 in the positive transverse direction y on the left and the right-hand arrangement 8 is fastened on the supporting carriage 4 on the right in the positive transverse direction y.
  • the magnet row 1 is arranged on the bottom 13 of the support carriage 4.
  • a coil arrangement consisting of coils 2 and coil cores 3 is arranged with a gap-shaped spacing a to the magnet array 1, which is fastened to the bottom 9 of the support profile 6.
  • the support section 6 may consist of non-magnetic material, for.
  • a soft magnetic return rail 14 is disposed between the coil assembly 2, 3 and the support section 6, having bores through which the coil cores 3 are fixed to the bottom 9 of the support section 6.
  • the coil cores 3 and the soft magnetic return rail 14 may also be integrally formed.
  • the principle points upward, d. H. in the negative supporting direction, ie the -z-direction, open U-shaped support carriage 4 at the upper edges of its side regions 12 in the transverse direction, d. H. positive and negative y-direction, protruding ribs, which are interrupted in the area of the individual roles of the arrangements 7, 8 of the roller assembly.
  • the recesses 11 of the support profile 6 are arranged in the vertical direction next to the coil 2 and coil cores 3, so the support carriage 4 is designed so that not only the magnetic row 1 attached to this is disposed within its side regions 12, but also Parts of the attached to the support section 6 coils 2 and coil cores 3. This results in a particularly flat design.
  • the recesses 11 are provided with running surfaces 15, which are designed so that a unrolling of the individual rollers of the arrangements 7, 8 the roller assembly is quiet.
  • the treads 15 may consist of two or more material components, z. B. from a soft cushioning layer 15 b, which is provided on the support profile 6, and a hard running layer 15 a, on which run the individual roles.
  • a horizontal guide member (not shown) which holds the support carriage 4 in a stable position in the y-direction.
  • a scale 16 of a displacement measuring system is mounted on the outside of the bottom 13, which cooperates with a provided in the support section 6 transducer 17 to determine the position of the running in the support section 6 support carriage 4.
  • a panel 19 is provided within which a circuit arrangement 18 is included for driving the linear drive unit having a controller 21 for driving the individual coils 2 and electrically connected to the transducer 17 of the displacement measuring system, with the coils 2 of Coil arrangement, with a (not shown) power supply and with a (not shown) sensor for initiating the opening and closing of the sliding door according to the invention is connected.
  • the magnet row 1 can also be fastened to the housing 6 and the coil unit consisting of coils 2, coil cores 3 and possibly a soft magnetic return busbar 14 can be fastened to the support carriage 4.
  • a controller 21 can by moving the selected individual coils 2 one or more doors 5, ie, each with a row of magnets 1 provided support carriage 4 move.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the interconnection of the control units and the power supply to the linear drive according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the linear drive shown is a three-phase system in which three individual coils 2 of the coil assembly facing four individual magnets of the magnetic series 1, as in relation to the FIGS. 1 to 5 has been described.
  • the stator forming individual coils 2a, 2b, 2c and 12 the rotor forming individual magnets are shown for simplicity.
  • the invention is not limited to this embodiment and preferably has a larger number of individual coils 2 and individual magnets.
  • a sensor 17 of a distance measuring system connected to a main controller 24 for normal operation and a sensor 23 of a distance measuring system connected to the emergency control 20 are arranged for emergency operation. This arrangement is chosen because a sensor located there can detect the door position in both the fully open and fully closed states and in all states therebetween.
  • Three-phase motor power lines 25 coming from the main controller 24 are connected to one side of the stator and three-phase motor power lines 26 coming from the emergency control 20 are connected to the stator from the other side.
  • the main controller 24 is connected to the power supply network 27, here z. B. with a 230V network.
  • the main controller 24 supplies power to the emergency controller 20 via power lines 28.
  • a data exchange line 29 is present between the main controller 24 and the emergency controller 20, via which the emergency controller 20 can detect a failure of the main controller 24.
  • the emergency control 20 is further connected to an electrical energy storage 21, which ensures a power supply of the emergency control 20 in the event of failure of the power supply network 27, so that they can open the sliding door.
  • the electrical energy store 21 is monitored by a monitoring unit 22 with regard to the state of charge and the state of aging.
  • the monitoring unit 22 may be constructed individually or integrated into the emergency control 20.
  • FIG. 8 shows a fail-safe connection of the star connected stator coils according to a preferred embodiment of the first alternative of the invention.
  • the three-phase motor power lines 25 from the main controller 24 are connected to one end of three phase lines, one for the first phase, the second phase, and the third phase, at the other end of which the three-phase motor power lines 26 are connected from the emergency controller 20 are.
  • coil groups of three individual coils 2a, 2b, 2c connected in a star-shaped manner are connected in parallel between the three phase lines.
  • each coil group a single coil 2a having a first end with the phase line for the first phase and a second end with a star line connecting all second ends of the individual coils, a single coil 2b having a first end with the phase line for the second Phase and a second end with the star line and a single coil 2c having a first end connected to the phase line for the third phase and a second end to the star line.
  • FIG. 9 shows a fail-safe connection of the delta connected stator coils according to a preferred embodiment of the first alternative of the invention.
  • the three-phase motor power lines 25 from the main controller 24 are connected to one end of three phase lines, one for the first phase, the second phase, and the third phase, at the other end of which the three-phase motor power lines 26 are connected from the emergency controller 20 are.
  • coil groups of three individual coils 2a, 2b, 2c connected in delta connection are connected in parallel between the three phase lines.
  • each coil group a single coil 2a having a first end with the phase line for the first phase and a second end with the phase line for the second phase, a single coil 2b having a first end with the phase line for the second phase and a second End connected to the phase line for the third phase and a single coil 2c having a first end to the phase line for the third phase and a second end to the phase line for the first phase.
  • phase lines can be designed generally redundant, z. B. as in the FIG. 9 for the third phase phase line is shown by connecting a second line between the corresponding terminal for the three-phase motor power lines 25 from the main controller 24 and the three-phase motor power lines 26 from the emergency controller 20. Now this phase line can be interrupted at any point without a malfunction occurring.
  • FIG. 10 shows a fail-safe connection of the star-connected stator coils according to a preferred embodiment of the second alternative of the invention.
  • the three-phase motor power lines 25 from the main controller 24 are connected to one end of three phase lines, one for the first phase, the second phase and the third phase, at the other End of the three-phase motor power lines 26 are connected from the emergency control 20.
  • Branches of a star-shaped connected series circuit of (in each case by way of example four) individual coils 2a, 2b, 2c are respectively connected between the three phase lines.
  • a first series circuit of four individual coils 2aa, 2ab, 2ac, 2ad having a first end with the phase line for the first phase and a second end with a neutral point which connects all the second ends of the series circuits of individual coils
  • a second series circuit of four individual coils 2ba, 2bb, 2bc, 2bd having a first end with the phase line for the second phase and with a second end with the neutral point
  • a third series connection of four individual coils 2ca, 2cb, 2cc, 2cd with a first end with the phase line for the third phase and connected to the star point with a second end.
  • the contacts are redundant, d. H. there is a point where all the second ends of the series circuits converge and a circular line around this point, which also connects all the second ends of the series circuits.
  • FIG. 10 shows in the upper part of the linear arrangement of the so interconnected individual coils in the stator according to the invention, where from left to right the sequence of individual coils 2aa, 2ba, 2ca, 2ab, 2bb, 2cb, 2ac, 2bc, 2cc, 2ad, 2bd, 2cd is given.
  • FIG. 11 shows a fail-safe connection of the delta connected stator coils according to a preferred embodiment of the second alternative of the invention.
  • the three-phase motor power lines 25 from the main controller 24 are connected to one end of three phase lines, one each for the first phase, the second phase and the third phase, connected, at the other end, the three-phase motor power lines 26 are connected from the emergency control 20.
  • Branches of a delta connection of (in each case by way of example four) individual coils 2a, 2b, 2c are respectively connected between the three phase lines.
  • a first series circuit of four individual coils 2aa, 2ab, 2ac, 2ad having a first end with the phase line for the first phase and a second end with the phase line for the second phase
  • a second series connection of four individual coils 2ba, 2bb, 2bc , 2bd having a first end with the second phase line and a second end with the third phase line
  • a third series connection of four single coils 2ca, 2cb, 2cc, 2cd having a first end with the third phase line and a second end connected to the phase line for the first phase.
  • FIG. 11 shows in the upper part of the linear arrangement of the so interconnected individual coils in the stator according to the invention, where from left to right the sequence of individual coils 2aa, 2ba, 2ca, 2ab, 2bb, 2cb, 2ac, 2bc, 2cc, 2ad, 2bd, 2cd is given.
  • phase lines can be designed generally redundant, z. B. as in the FIG. 11 for the third phase phase line is shown by connecting a second line between the corresponding terminal for the three-phase motor power lines 25 from the main controller 24 and the three-phase motor power lines 26 from the emergency controller 20. Now this phase line can be interrupted at any point without a malfunction occurring.
  • FIG. 12 shows a fail-safe connection of the quadrature connected stator coils according to a preferred embodiment of the second alternative of the invention.
  • four-phase motor power lines are connected from the main controller 24 to one end of four phase lines, one each for the first phase, the second phase, the third phase, and the fourth phase, at the other end of which four-phase motor power lines are connected from the emergency controller are.
  • Branches of a quadrilateral circuit of (in each case by way of example two) individual coils 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are respectively connected between the four phase lines.
  • a first series circuit of two individual coils 2aa, 2ab having a first end with the phase line for the first phase and a second end with the phase line for the second phase
  • a fourth series connection of two single coils 2da, 2db having a first end connected to the fourth phase line and a second end connected to the first phase line.
  • FIG. 13 shows variants of a fail-safe connection of the stator coils by independently interconnected auxiliary coils according to preferred embodiments of the third alternative of the invention.
  • the three-phase motor power lines 25 may be connected from the main controller 24 to one end of three phase lines, one for the first phase, the second phase and the third phase, at the other end the three-phase motor power lines 26 from the emergency control 20 are connected.
  • additional coils 30 are connected exclusively to the emergency control 20 and can cause the sliding door to open.
  • these additional coils 30 are arranged at both ends of the stator according to the invention in such a variety and such a length overlapping that the desired functionality of the emergency opening of the sliding door is ensured.
  • the additional coils at each end of the stator cover a range which corresponds to one third of the length of the coils provided for normal operation.
  • three additional coils 30 are provided at each end, while in between nine individual coils 2 are for normal operation.
  • the middle part of the FIG. 13 shows an arrangement in which three auxiliary coils 30 are arranged in the middle between each nine provided for normal operation individual coils 2 and the lower part of the FIG. 13 shows an arrangement in which six arranged for normal operation single coils 2 alternately arranged auxiliary coils 30 are arranged in a central region of the stator.
  • the main controller 24 and the emergency control 20 may be constructed in the circuit 18, the individual coils 2 in parallel between the drive phases of the motor power lines 25th is divided by the main controller 24 and the motor power lines 26 of the emergency control 20 switched coil groups, which are connected in a star or annular (delta connection in a three-phase system, square circuit in a four-phase system, ...) performs all the features generally described above for an escape route function.
  • the single-fault safety of the linear motor provided with a multiplicity of individual coils is utilized in order to achieve a standard-compliant escape path property by means of minimal additional external wiring and minimal additional wiring effort in the interconnection of the individual coils.

Landscapes

  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Porte coulissante avec un système d'entraînement magnétique pour au moins un vantail de porte (5), avec une rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1) agencée en direction d'entraînement, dont la magnétisation change de signe en leur direction longitudinale à certaines intervalles, et avec un chariot porteur (4) connecté à la rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1), auquel chariot le vantail de porte (5) peut être attaché, de même qu'avec un agencement de bobines composé de plusieurs bobines individuelles (2) et de noyaux de bobines (3), lesquels lors d'une activation appropriée des bobines individuelles (3) causent une interaction avec ladite au moins une rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1) provoquant des forces de propulsion, caractérisée en ce que les bobines individuelles (2) de l'agencement de bobines sont associées à au moins deux conducteurs de phase et les bobines individuelles (2) associées à un conducteur de phase respectif étant connectées en parallèle, et caractérisée par un accumulateur d'énergie électrique (21) et un contrôle d'urgence (20), qui est connecté à l'accumulateur d'énergie électrique (21) et est en mesure d'ouvrir la porte coulissante en cas de panne de courant ou de défaillance d'un contrôle principal (24), les conducteurs de phase étant raccordés électriquement au contrôle principal (24) et au contrôle d'urgence (20) pour l'excitation des bobines individuelles (2).
  2. Porte coulissante avec un système d'entraînement magnétique pour au moins un vantail de porte (5), avec une rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1) agencée en direction d'entraînement, dont la magnétisation change de signe en leur direction longitudinale à certaines intervalles et avec un chariot porteur (4) connecté à la rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1), auquel chariot le vantail de porte (5) peut être attaché, de même qu'avec un agencement de bobines composé de plusieurs bobines individuelles (2) et de noyaux de bobines (3), lesquels lors d'une activation appropriée des bobines individuelles (3) causent une interaction avec ladite une rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1) provoquant des forces de propulsion, caractérisée en ce que les bobines individuelles (2) de l'agencement de bobines sont associées à au moins deux conducteurs de phase et les bobines individuelles (2) associées à un conducteur de phase respectif étant connectées en série, et caractérisée par un accumulateur d'énergie électrique (21) et un contrôle d'urgence (20), qui est connecté à l'accumulateur d'énergie électrique (21) et est en mesure d'ouvrir la porte coulissante en cas de panne de courant ou de défaillance d'un contrôle principal (24), les conducteurs de phase étant raccordés électriquement au contrôle principal (24) et au contrôle d'urgence pour l'excitation des bobines individuelles (2).
  3. Porte coulissante avec un système d'entraînement magnétique pour au moins un vantail de porte (5), avec une rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1) agencée en direction d'entraînement, dont la magnétisation change de signe en leur direction longitudinale à certaines intervalles et avec un chariot porteur (4) connecté à la rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1), auquel chariot le vantail de porte (5) peut être attaché, de même qu'avec un agencement de bobines composé de plusieurs bobines individuelles (2) et de noyaux de bobines (3), lesquels lors d'une activation appropriée des bobines individuelles (3) causent une interaction avec ladite au moins une rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1) provoquant des forces de propulsion, caractérisée par un accumulateur d'énergie électrique (21), un contrôle d'urgence (20), qui est connecté à l'accumulateur d'énergie électrique (21) et est en mesure d'ouvrir la porte coulissante en cas de panne de courant ou de défaillance d'un contrôle principal (24), et deux ou plusieurs bobines additionnelles (30) connectées au contrôle d'urgence (20) pour l'ouverture de la porte coulissante lors d'une excitation appropriée, des conducteurs de phase étant raccordés électriquement au contrôle principal (24) pour l'excitation des bobines individuelles (2) et des conducteurs de phase étant raccordés électriquement au contrôle d'urgence (20) pour l'excitation des bobines additionnelles (30).
  4. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par une unité de surveillance (22) qui surveille la condition de chargement et de vieillissement de l'accumulateur d'énergie électrique.
  5. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par un système de suivi de déplacement (23) dont le signal de sortie est introduit au contrôle d'urgence (20), qui, sur la base du signal de sortie reçu, effectue une commutation en fonction du déplacement du système d'entraînement magnétique.
  6. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le contrôle d'urgence (20) effectue une commutation du système d'entraînement magnétique contrôlée par le temps.
  7. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que plusieurs bobines individuelles (2) de l'agencement de bobines sont fabriquées d'un fil ininterrompu.
  8. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des lignes de raccordement pour les bobines individuelles (2) de l'agencement de bobines sont aménagées de façon redondante.
  9. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les bobines individuelles (2) de l'agencement de bobines sont connectées en montage en triangle entre un système d'excitation triphasé.
  10. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les bobines individuelles (2) de l'agencement de bobines sont connectées en montage en étoile entre un système d'excitation triphasé.
  11. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par un agencement de galets (7, 8) connecté à la rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1), qui assume un rôle porteur par rapport au vantail de porte (5) et garantit une certaine distance (a) en forme d'interstice entre la rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1) et les noyaux de bobines (3).
  12. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1) est magnétisée parallèlement par rapport à la direction de support (z) et perpendiculairement par rapport à la direction d'entraînement (x).
  13. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la rangée d'éléments magnétiques (1) consiste en un ou plusieurs aimants haute performance, de préférence en aimants de terre rare haut performance, et encore plus préféré d'aimants du type NeFeB ou Sm2Co.
  14. Porte coulissante selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la porte coulissante est aménagée comme porte coulissante en arc ou cloison coulissante horizontale.
EP05022484.9A 2005-01-14 2005-10-14 Porte coulissante avec système d'entraînement magnétique et fonctionnalité de voie d'evacuation Active EP1688576B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005002051A DE102005002051B4 (de) 2005-01-14 2005-01-14 Schiebetür mit einem magnetischen Antriebssystem und einer Fluchtwegfunktionalität
DE102005002048A DE102005002048B4 (de) 2005-01-14 2005-01-14 Schiebetür mit einem magnetischen Antriebssystem und einer Fluchtwegfunktionalität
DE102005002039A DE102005002039B3 (de) 2005-01-14 2005-01-14 Schiebetür mit einem magnetischen Antriebssystem und einer Fluchtwegfunktionalität

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1688576A2 EP1688576A2 (fr) 2006-08-09
EP1688576A3 EP1688576A3 (fr) 2012-11-14
EP1688576B1 true EP1688576B1 (fr) 2015-10-14

Family

ID=36282919

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05022484.9A Active EP1688576B1 (fr) 2005-01-14 2005-10-14 Porte coulissante avec système d'entraînement magnétique et fonctionnalité de voie d'evacuation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1688576B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2551300T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014115929A1 (de) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-19 Dorma Deutschland Gmbh Türantrieb

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2036764A1 (en) * 1969-03-25 1970-12-31 Henry Louis Electric ram for moving doors
EP0728894A1 (fr) * 1995-02-27 1996-08-28 Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. Dispositif d'actionnement de portes
ATE294912T1 (de) * 1998-03-28 2005-05-15 Geze Gmbh Antrieb für eine tür
US5949036A (en) * 1998-10-21 1999-09-07 Otis Elevator Company Double linear motor and elevator doors using same
DE10024502C1 (de) * 2000-05-23 2001-07-12 Dorma Gmbh & Co Kg Antriebseinheit für eine Tür
JP2002211859A (ja) * 2000-12-22 2002-07-31 Inventio Ag ドアサスペンションアセンブリ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1688576A2 (fr) 2006-08-09
EP1688576A3 (fr) 2012-11-14
ES2551300T3 (es) 2015-11-17

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