EP1682848B1 - Structure d'un projectile - Google Patents

Structure d'un projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1682848B1
EP1682848B1 EP04797221A EP04797221A EP1682848B1 EP 1682848 B1 EP1682848 B1 EP 1682848B1 EP 04797221 A EP04797221 A EP 04797221A EP 04797221 A EP04797221 A EP 04797221A EP 1682848 B1 EP1682848 B1 EP 1682848B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charge
projectile
flange
ring
projectile according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04797221A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1682848A1 (fr
Inventor
Josef Bissig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd
Original Assignee
Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd filed Critical Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd
Priority to EP04797221A priority Critical patent/EP1682848B1/fr
Publication of EP1682848A1 publication Critical patent/EP1682848A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1682848B1 publication Critical patent/EP1682848B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a structure of a projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • EP-A1-0 497 394 (which is a starting point for the preamble of claim 1) is an electronic delay circuit for the delayed ignition of the main charge in a tandem shaped charge known.
  • a projectile is provided with a front-side impact fuse having a precharge arranged behind it, in a first cylindrical region of the projectile.
  • a second hollow charge is arranged in an approximately cylindrical region via a single, cone-shaped spacer tube.
  • Behind this main charge is an electronic ignition device containing the delay circuit.
  • the power supply of the circuit arrangement and the required ignition voltage is effected by a piezoelectric crystal in the rear of the projectile.
  • the shock wave is concentrated on the projectile casing on the tail and able here to squeeze the piezocrystal together to activate di.
  • Another tandem hollow charge with a shell-shaped shell made of a composite material has a shield between the precharge and the main charge, which prevents the explosion pressure of the precharge from the main charge and prevents their premature ignition as a result of the pressure wave.
  • the main charge is covered by a lightweight fiber / epoxy dome. Its central - production-related - opening is closed by an aluminum plug, which absorbs and deflects the central explosion pressure of the summons. Once the jet of the main charge is formed, the plug will fly out of its bore and clear the beam of the way to the target.
  • the charges mentioned in the claim are usually shaped charges and thus form a tandem shaped charge.
  • other shaped charges and combinations thereof are conceivable, such as a front projectile charge and a rear conventional charge (et al EP-B1-0 955 517 , Likewise, multiple warheads can be realized according to the same basic principle.
  • the subject of the invention is based on the recognition that the projectile casing can be thin-walled in the region of its front (first) charge, if external solid structures are dispensed with, which redirect the gas shock of the first charge. Also, the spacer tube is thin-walled and prevents by a continuous increase in its diameter, a direct transmission of the impact shock on the center of the second charge. The resulting high internal pressure causes the spacer tube to burst, the individual fragments flying away in the radial direction, without hindering the second charge.
  • the second charge has at least a factor of 2 larger caliber than the first charge; Accordingly, the diameter of the spacer tube also increases.
  • the length of the spacer tube, i. the distance between the two charges is at least twice the second caliber.
  • annular flanges act as shock barriers and reduce the mechanical stress on the ignition systems and the charges.
  • Acceleration measurements on tandem-shaped projectile bullets having a structure designed according to the features of the claim show relatively small g-values (9.81 ms -2 ) at the location of the main charge. Likewise, the vibrations which disturb the effective jet are minimal. Busy this is on fired projectiles due to the high drilling performance of the charge jet in the target.
  • the pitch of the spacer tube according to claim 1 has manufacturing and kinematic advantages.
  • the embodiment according to claim 2 is very space-saving and ideally absorbs the impact pulse for starting the ignition device.
  • a direct placement of the calotte according to claim 5 reduces the free path length of the plunger, but increases the effect of deflecting the shock waves.
  • the embodiment of claim 8 enhances shock absorption and reduces the transmission of vibrations to the sensitive second charge.
  • Damping materials and in particular damping rings of easily deformable material have been proven such as commercial aluminum foam. But is particularly advantageous is a material made of a plastic which is provided with embedded microballoons, as in the CH -A5-674077 described. See claim 9. Such materials are now commercially available and are used for detonation wave deflection in shaped charges. Analogously acting materials based on wood (cellulose) are also known.
  • the material thickening and discontinuities mentioned in claim 10 result in the detonation of the precharge at the accelerated mass parts (fragments of the flange) to speed components in the radial direction. This prevents collisions with subsequent parts and with the jet of the main charge.
  • the annular flange serves to block the precharge.
  • the self-propelled projectile with a tandem shaped charge Fig. 1 is constructed axially symmetric to a designated A axis.
  • a head 1 consists of a tip 2 with inserted elastic rings 3 and has good aerodynamic properties due to its slim shape.
  • the tip 2 is a first hollow charge, consisting of a lining 4 and a high performance explosive, the charge 5. Both form a summons and are arranged in a cylindrical portion 7a, which is delimited on the rear side by a flange 10a , In this flange 10a an autonomous ignition device 6 is inserted, which projects into a part of a spacer tube 7b.
  • the part 7b is connected via a fit of a joint 7d with a further part 7b 'of the spacer tube.
  • the part 7b ' has on the front side a flange ring 10b with an open passage 13, which is covered by a carrier cap 11'.
  • a damping material 9 ' is glued. Below this is a relatively large cavity 8, which is a possible gas shock of the summons 4.5 could absorb and its kinetic energy in deformation and fracture energy on the spacer tube 7b, 7b 'transmits.
  • Another joint 12 connects the spacer tube 7b ', overlapping, with another cylindrical portion 7c of the projectile casing 7a-7c.
  • the main charge 14,15 with its lining 14 and the explosive 15.
  • This shaped charge 14,15 is supported on a rear part 21 which receives in an adapter 16, another autonomous ignition system 17 and from which the drive nozzles 18 a known Protruding solid drive 19.
  • the drive nozzles 18 a known Protruding solid drive 19.
  • FIG. 3 shows the lower shock barrier, which projects into the interior of the spacer tube 7b.
  • the joint 7d with a protruding Ring of the lower part 7b ' is suitable and the part 7b is supported there.
  • FIG. 3 shows symbolically represented by arrows, the front of a shockwave, which is derived from the dome 9. Inside the bore 13, the plunger J of a shaped charge jet can thus form undisturbed.
  • Fig. 4 An analog solution is in Fig. 4 can be seen: Here, the shock wave first meets damping material 9 'and then only on a centered in the bore 13 carrier dome 11'. In addition, the damping material 9 'is mounted on the edge in a soft damping ring 45.
  • Fig. 5 Details of the assembly of the main charge are the Fig. 5 refer to:
  • the spacer tube 7b ' is inserted inside the cylindrical projectile casing 7c and forms a joint 12th
  • the liner 14 is positively on the shaped charge 15 and has at its largest diameter a fitting ring 14 a, which is loaded by a damping sleeve 46 and a threaded sleeve 47.
  • the threaded sleeve 47 is screwed into an internal thread 48 of the cylindrical projectile casing 7c.
  • a bullet casing made of a commercially available aluminum alloy has proven itself. This is easy to machine mechanically and has inherent damping properties, which is particularly positive by a reduction in the transferred to the charges vibration compared to other metallic materials.
  • the joints are shrunk and glued in a conventional manner.
  • the typical cruising speed of the projectile is below 300 m / s.
  • the caliber of the summons is 32 mm in the embodiment; that of the main charge 112 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

Pour des projectiles présentant des charges disposées les unes derrière les autres (4,5 ; 14, 15), la séquence prédéterminée dans le temps pour leur amorçage doit être respectée, en vue d'obtenir l'effet prévu dans la cible. La structure de l'enveloppe (7a-7c) du projectile est constituée de telle façon que le tube de distance (7b, 7b') entre les deux charges (4,5 ; 14,15) se fractionne radialement après allumage de la première charge (4, 5), sans nuire à l'efficacité de la charge principale suivante (14, 15), par suite d'ondes de choc et/ou de vibrations. Ce résultat est obtenu, en plus de l'utilisation d'une enveloppe à paroi mince du projectile (7a-7c), grâce à la présence de barrières de choc compactes (10a ; 10b) et d'éléments amortisseurs (9', 11'). L'invention a fait ses preuves, en particulier pour des charges creuses en tandem, ainsi que dans le cas d'utilisations contre des blindages actifs.

Claims (10)

  1. Projectile (1) comprenant une enveloppe de projectile en forme de chemise (7a-7c), lequel projectile, lorsqu'il atteint la cible, amorce une première charge (4, 5) au moyen d'un dispositif d'amorçage (6) qui réagit à l'impact et dans lequel une deuxième charge (14, 15) située dans un axe (A) présentant un calibre supérieur à la première charge (14, 15) peut être amorcée avec un retard défini, dans lequel la première charge (4, 5) est située dans une première zone cylindrique (7a) et la deuxième charge (14, 15) est située dans une deuxième zone cylindrique (7c), les deux étant maintenues à distance au moyen d'un tube d'écartement en deux parties (7b, 7b'), caractérisé en ce que les diamètres des deux parties du tube d'écartement (7b, 7b') augmentent progressivement dans le sens de leur longueur jusqu'au diamètre de la deuxième zone (7c), dans lequel sont prévus, entre la première charge (4, 5) et la partie frontale du tube d'écartement (7b), une première bride annulaire (10a) s'étendant orthogonalement à l'axe d'enveloppe (A) relativement épaisse par rapport à l'enveloppe de projectile (7a-7c) et, dans la partie arrière du tube d'écartement (7b'), une autre bride annulaire (10b), les deux parties du tube d'écartement (7b, 7b') étant reliées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'un raccord par encochage (7d) et la première bride (10a) étant réalisée d'un seul tenant avec la partie frontale du tube d'écartement (7b) et la deuxième bride (10b) étant réalisée d'un seul tenant avec la partie arrière du tube d'écartement (7b').
  2. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un renforçateur d'amorçage (42) connecté à un système d'amorçage piézoélectrique (6) est inséré dans la première bride (10a).
  3. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une calotte métallique (11) est placée sur le côté frontal sur la deuxième bride (10b).
  4. Projectile selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la calotte métallique (11) est logée sur un anneau amortisseur (9).
  5. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une calotte métallique (11'), laquelle porte un matériau amortisseur (9') est placée directement sur le côté frontal sur la deuxième bride (10b).
  6. Projectile selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le matériau amortisseur (9') est maintenu, quant à lui, par un anneau amortisseur (45).
  7. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement (4) de la première charge (5) est engagé dans la chemise de projectile (7a) par l'intermédiaire d'un assemblage par filetage (41).
  8. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement (14) de la deuxième charge (15) est pourvu d'une bague d'ajustement (14a) et qu'il est engagé dans la chemise de projectile (7a) par l'intermédiaire d'une douille armortisseuse (46), d'une douille filetée (47).
  9. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'anneau amortisseur (9) ou le matériau amortisseur (9') est composé d'un matériau organique contenant des occlusions.
  10. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, sur le côté frontal, la bride annulaire (10a) présente des épaississements de matière dont l'augmentation est variable.
EP04797221A 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure d'un projectile Not-in-force EP1682848B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04797221A EP1682848B1 (fr) 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure d'un projectile

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03405805A EP1531316A1 (fr) 2003-11-11 2003-11-11 Structure d'un projectile
PCT/CH2004/000663 WO2005045357A1 (fr) 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure d'un projectile
EP04797221A EP1682848B1 (fr) 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure d'un projectile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1682848A1 EP1682848A1 (fr) 2006-07-26
EP1682848B1 true EP1682848B1 (fr) 2009-05-06

Family

ID=34429615

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03405805A Withdrawn EP1531316A1 (fr) 2003-11-11 2003-11-11 Structure d'un projectile
EP04797221A Not-in-force EP1682848B1 (fr) 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure d'un projectile

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03405805A Withdrawn EP1531316A1 (fr) 2003-11-11 2003-11-11 Structure d'un projectile

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1531316A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502004009469D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005045357A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7273011B2 (en) * 2004-11-03 2007-09-25 Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd Structure of a projectile
FR2953009A1 (fr) * 2009-11-26 2011-05-27 Nexter Munitions Tete militaire a charges en tandem
DE102011103805B4 (de) * 2011-06-01 2017-10-26 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Zündverstärker insbesondere für ein Artilleriegeschoss
WO2015187232A1 (fr) * 2014-03-20 2015-12-10 Aerojet Rocketdyne, Inc. Munition légère
DE102018006741B4 (de) * 2018-08-24 2022-06-15 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstecchnische Wirksysteme mbH Tandem-Ladung für einen Flugkörper

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5003883A (en) * 1990-07-23 1991-04-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Lightweight blast shield
SE9100297L (sv) * 1991-01-31 1992-08-01 Bofors Ab Taendsystem
SE507558C2 (sv) * 1995-01-23 1998-06-22 Bofors Ab Granat med multiladdningar
EP0955517A1 (fr) 1998-05-04 1999-11-10 SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG Munition à têtes militaires multiples

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1682848A1 (fr) 2006-07-26
WO2005045357A1 (fr) 2005-05-19
DE502004009469D1 (de) 2009-06-18
EP1531316A1 (fr) 2005-05-18

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