EP1664662B1 - Projectile perforant - Google Patents

Projectile perforant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1664662B1
EP1664662B1 EP03818607A EP03818607A EP1664662B1 EP 1664662 B1 EP1664662 B1 EP 1664662B1 EP 03818607 A EP03818607 A EP 03818607A EP 03818607 A EP03818607 A EP 03818607A EP 1664662 B1 EP1664662 B1 EP 1664662B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tip
assembly according
construction assembly
hollow space
projectile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03818607A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1664662A1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Conrad
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd
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Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1664662A1 publication Critical patent/EP1664662A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/38—Range-increasing arrangements
    • F42B10/42—Streamlined projectiles
    • F42B10/46—Streamlined nose cones; Windshields; Radomes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/08—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with armour-piercing caps; with armoured cupola
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 19 and to a device according to claim 1.
  • a so-called blasting arrow is from the WO-A1-098728 known. This penetrates, self-propelled, with speeds in the subsonic area, buildings and is then detonated, for example, inside the building or behind barricades delayed. Also described is a non-lethal variant of a core through which the stored in the core amount of explosives only serves for its decomposition, so that more stored substances can escape, such as capsaicin example, tear gas, etc. Advantageous is the small building damage resulting from the penetration of the projectile.
  • a special development of a projectile with a ballistic hood is in the PCT application PCT / IB03 / 01139 ( WO 2004 085 952 ).
  • the projectile is designed for speeds of less than 600 m / s.
  • the detonator arranged in the sub-caliber breakdown core is set to delay times of 1.2 ms to 3.4 ms, so that the ignition of the explosive charge takes place in the masonry and thereby large breakthroughs occur.
  • In order to achieve a corresponding damming and mass distribution is a very massive and Provided over a third of the length extending tip.
  • Manholes are created which allow further tactical missions at the finish.
  • a disadvantage is the limitation of the weapon on platforms with large caliber, without the ability to use the given cross-section or the existing volume for transporting the explosive.
  • an artillery projectile which has an internal thread in the frontal projectile body.
  • a proximity fuse or a solid steel tip is screwed into it.
  • the proximity fuse allows conventional control of area or point targets. By exchanging an ogive-shaped steel tip, concrete targets can be broken in direct fire and, to a limited extent, so that the built-in active charge can detonate by means of a deceleration ignition provided in the projectile in both cases.
  • the high impact velocity, the long distance traveled to the ignition and the unfavorable shape of the tip do not cause any large openings (manholes) in the concrete.
  • the bullet should be easily adaptable to the presumptive target and the expected impact speed. In the target itself, an optimal effect should be generated, d.i. the breakthroughs must have a diameter sufficient for tactical use, although no intrusive collateral damage may occur.
  • the floor should have a modular structure and be optimized without special knowledge, before its launch.
  • the projectile should be executable with either a ballistic hood, but may not be limited to a sub-caliber active part.
  • the method according to the invention is based on the surprising finding that the shape of the tip of a breakdown core provided with an explosive charge is decisive for the effect in the target.
  • the method is based on the choice between two types of tips, which are suitable for fundamentally different objectives.
  • hard targets are to penetrate a conical tip, advantageously a graduated cone and ductile targets with a flattened tip ,
  • the inventive choice of the tip leads, for example, in walls of bricks or reinforced concrete to breakthroughs in the size of manholes.
  • the same tip but can not penetrate a light armor made of steel or light metal.
  • a suitable tip a überkalibriger breakthrough.
  • the optimum tip is inserted into the sheath of the breakdown core prior to the use of the projectile and fixed therein.
  • a rear-side pin according to claim 3 allows, with a suitable choice of the fit with the recording, the construction of axially symmetric projectiles high accuracy.
  • the installation of the ignition device according to claim 9 reduces the effect of shock waves at the launch and the target, so that the system security of the ignition process is increased.
  • the embodiment of claim 12 having an orthogonal to the axis surface and a tapered cone in the rear direction is very suitable for "soft targets" such as light armor, etc.
  • a tip is formed in the manner of a stud, it can be completely screwed into the sheath of the punch-through core. Their slight return movement relative to the end face of the shell results in the goal of the effect of a "punch” and thus an increased penetration effect in soft targets. See claim 13.
  • the angular range given in claim 14 is favorable for a tip, wherein the conical surface need not be smooth; It can also be formed from individual, expiring to tip flat segments. As a result, shredded material can escape radially in the target, without the subsequent jacket being hindered.
  • the ignition device can also be fixed on both sides according to claim 17; However, the interposition of elastomeric films is recommended so that thermal expansion is compensated and the transmission of vibrations is reduced.
  • the centrally arranged in the axis of the projectile firing chain according to claim 18 also endures high launch accelerations, as they occur for example in mortars and cannons.
  • a weapons designer can adapt the projectile to almost any imaginable system.
  • the only system-related limit is the smallest caliber, but in practice in a caliber of less than 25 mm, it is not possible to accommodate enough explosive with sufficient insulation.
  • FIG. 1 is designated with 1 a projectile, which is known in its basic configuration as Panzerfaust (Bazooka).
  • a penetration core 2 with a tip 4, 4 ', 4 " is connected via a threaded bushing 11 to an adapter 20, which carries a support 21 with end-side joints 22 for a tail unit 23.
  • On the penetration core 2 sits a support and centering ring 28, which carries a ballistic hood 17, 19.
  • the front part of the hood 17 is closed off by a closure cap 18. It indicates a cavity H. located in the penetration core 2.
  • the projectile 1 has the same outdoor ballistics as a conventional apelooka and can therefore be launched from the same platform in the same way. Characteristic here are the outer caliber of 70 mm and that of the core 2 of 37 mm.
  • the enlarged view of the breakdown core 2 in FIG. 2 shows in particular the details in the cavity H in FIG Sectional view.
  • a jacket M the essential functional parts of the projectile are housed in different stepped cavities.
  • the jacket M has a minimum thickness of 3 mm;
  • the material used is commercially available tool steel, which is hardened after processing.
  • the tip 4 with its two cones 4 'and 4 "and the flange-like shoulder 6 is non-positively screwed into the thread 3' of a receptacle 3.
  • Behind this tip there is a two-part thread likewise screwed into the thread 3 ' Dämmarchitecture 26 which is adjacent to a richly fitting explosive charge 15 (high-performance explosive PBX N110).
  • a threaded bushing 11 is inserted into the penetration core 2, which closes off an air space A in which a detonator 12 extends cantilevered.
  • a flange 27 with blind holes in which a firing chain 13a, 13b is located, wherein the firing amplifier 13b via a further chain link 14 with the explosive charge 15 is in operative connection.
  • the primer ZK detonator
  • Ignition device 12 is commercially available (Zaugg Elektronik AG, Wassergasse 12, CH-4573 Lohn-Ammannsegg, Piezo Fuze Sytem type PEPZ-05).
  • the delay time of the autonomous ignition device is set so that at a given airspeed of the projectile 1, this after the impact on the target with a time delay ignites such that a maximum damming of the breakdown core 2 in the region of its explosive charge 15 occurs.
  • FIG. 3 is the one in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown tip 4 shown enlarged.
  • the two cone angles ⁇ and ⁇ 2 are apparent.
  • the double cone shown breaks (“splits") the wall with the top point p, Fig. 1 , crushes the masonry with its front cone, whereupon the cleared material flows with little resistance over the rear cone. This considerably reduces the friction on the jacket M of the breakdown core 2 and explains the excellent penetration behavior.
  • the target T2 a light reinforcement consisting of a metal plate, a layer of wood and a plastic plate through the top 4, Fig. 4 , charged.
  • a truncated cone 4a tapering toward the rear side can be seen, which is delimited by an orthogonal surface 4 "'- a flattened tip -
  • the angle ⁇ 3 is 3 °.
  • the same goal T2 is after the Fig. 5a and 5b by a same acting tip 4 - a set screw with front chamfer 9 and a mounting groove 8 applied.
  • Fig. 6 is a further embodiment of a tip 4 can be seen.
  • the protruding from the punch core 2 part of the tip 4 is identical to that in Fig. 3 ; but instead of a threaded pin this has a stepped pin 3a '.
  • the receptacle 3 is adapted to the step pin; In the axial direction are, between the stages of the tip 4 and the receptacle 3, air gaps a which serve as displacement paths during impact and prevent bulging of the breakdown core 2 in this area.
  • a radial pin 10 can be seen, which secures the tip axially in the penetration core 2.
  • Fig. 6 can be varied in several variants, so for example, the cylindrical bore 3a can be longer and it can be dispensed with further stages. This results in a single, opposite to the representation in Fig. 6 extended pin 7. Likewise, several offset to each other arranged pins or split pins replace the bolt 10.
  • ignition chain The primer ZK, in a support flange 29 pressed explosives 13, and subsequent explosives 14 and 15. This firing chain endures very high launch accelerations, without affecting their function.
  • Figs. 8th ) is 0.4 mm. The optimum range is 0.3 to 0.8 mm for concrete or masonry targets.
  • FIG. 8a For example, a breakdown core 2 suitable for launching in cannons is shown. On screwed on the jacket thread grooves 25 (round thread) a three-piece sabot 24 is screwed. Please refer Fig. 8b with the elements 24 'and the point p of the tip 4.
  • a manhole can be created with a conical tip.
  • the subject invention could also be adapted to very large caliber, for example, to missile systems.
  • the penetration core can be of any size, provided it has a sufficiently high kinetic energy (drive);
  • a ballistic dome is only necessary if the system is to have the same or similar external ballistics as already introduced. Also combinations with other floors or parts thereof are conceivable, which follow in steps the first breakthrough achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Ensemble d'éléments, dans lequel l'ensemble d'éléments comprend un projectile (1), une pointe conique (4', 4") et une pointe aplatie (4"'), dans lequel le projectile présente un pénétrateur ayant au moins un espace creux axial, dans lequel sont prévus une charge explosive et un dispositif de mise à feu équipé d'un retardateur et dans lequel le retardateur est réglé de telle sorte qu'il initie la charge explosive à l'intérieur de la cible, dans lequel le pénétrateur (2) est pourvu d'un logement (3) pour l'une des pointes échangeables (4, 4', 4", .4"'), de sorte que la pointe (4) du pénétrateur (2) mise en oeuvre est adaptée à la cible présomptive (T), dans lequel la pointe conique (4', 4") est mise en oeuvre pour des murs de briques ou de béton, des blindages de verre et/ou de céramique ainsi que pour des barricades, et la pointe aplatie (4"') est mise en oeuvre pour des blindages légers faits de matériaux ductiles tels que l'acier ou les métaux légers.
  2. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, sur le côté arrière, la pointe (4) présente un filetage (5), vissé dans un logement (3) pourvu d'un taraudage (3') dans l'espace creux avant (H) de l'enveloppe de pénétrateur (M), et en ce que, sur le côté arrière, la pointe (4) présente un épaulement analogue à une bride (6) qui est en appui sous pression contre la face avant annulaire (6') de l'espace creux (H).
  3. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, sur le côté arrière, la pointe (4) présente un tenon (7) correspondant à et inséré dans un logement (3) pourvu d'un alésage cylindrique (3a) et en ce que, sur le côté arrière, la pointe (4) présente un épaulement analogue à une bride (6), qui est en appui contre la face avant annulaire (6') de l'espace creux (H).
  4. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, sur le côté arrière, la pointe (4) présente un tenon en gradins (3a') correspondant à et inséré radialement dans un logement (3) pourvu d'alésages cylindriques et en ce que, sur le côté arrière, la pointe (4) présente un épaulement analogue à une bride (6), qui est en appui contre la face avant annulaire (6') de l'espace creux (H).
  5. Ensemble d'éléments selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que, sur le côté arrière, le tenon (3a) est bloqué axialement par au moins une cheville ou goupille (10).
  6. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, dans le logement (3), les distances entre les gradins (3a') sont choisies de telle sorte qu'il existe un espace d'air (a) entre ces gradins individuels (3a') et les gradins dans le logement (3).
  7. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'espace creux axial (H) présente des zones (H', H") de diamètres différents.
  8. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'espace creux (H) est réalisé en forme de tube et en ce que, sur le côté arrière, est vissée une douille filetée (11), qui ferme un espace d'air (A), dans lequel le dispositif de mise à feu (12) est logé de manière mobile sur l'axe au niveau du côté arrière.
  9. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mise à feu (12) est relié à une chaîne d'amorçage (13a, 13b, 14), dont le dernier élément est en contact mécanique avec la charge explosive (15).
  10. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone avant, un disque amortisseur (26) présentant un filetage est vissé dans le taraudage (3') de l'espace creux (H) et en ce que ce disque constitue la limite frontale et le support pour la charge explosive (15).
  11. Ensemble d'éléments selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pointe mise en oeuvre (4") se termine en un point (p).
  12. Ensemble d'éléments selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pointe mise en oeuvre (4a ;α3) est conique et se termine par une surface (4"') s'étendant orthogonalement à l'axe du projectile.
  13. Ensemble d'éléments selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pointe mise en oeuvre (4) est un cylindre et en ce que sa face avant frontale (4"') est en retrait par rapport à la face frontale de l'enveloppe (M) du projectile (2).
  14. Ensemble d'éléments selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la pointe mise en oeuvre (4) présente un angle de cône (α1) de 20° à 36°.
  15. Ensemble d'éléments selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la pointe mise en oeuvre (4) est un bicône, dont l'angle de pointe (α1) est compris dans la gamme de 20° à 36° et dont l'angle de base (α2) est dans la gamme de 8° à 25°.
  16. Ensemble d'éléments selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le pénétrateur (2) présente un calibre d'au moins 25 mm, de préférence de 37 mm, en ce que l'enveloppe (M) est faite d'un acier à outil durci présentant une dureté de 500 à 650 HV 30 et en ce que la pointe (4-4"') est faite d'un acier à outil durci présentant une dureté d'au moins 400 HV 30.
  17. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mise à feu (12) est fixé entre deux brides (11 ; 27) à l'arrière de l'espace creux (H) du pénétrateur (2).
  18. Ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que, dans la bride sur le côté avant (27), est prévu un alésage central duquel fait saillie un renforçateur d'amorçage (13a) d'une chaîne d'amorçage (13a, 13b, 14).
  19. Procédé de formation d'ouvertures dans des cibles telles que les murs, les blindages légers d'acier, de métal léger, de céramique, de verre, les barricades de sable et/ou de bois et/ou de terre et analogues, dans lequel la pointe de l'ensemble d'éléments selon la revendication 1 est adaptée à la cible présomptive, dans lequel une pointe conique est choisie pour les murs de briques ou de béton, les blindages de verre et/ou de céramique ainsi que pour les barricades et une pointe aplatie est choisie pour les blindages légers de matériaux ductiles tels que l'acier ou les métaux légers.
  20. Procédé selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que la pointe est insérée et fixée dans l'enveloppe du pénétrateur avant que le projectile ne soit mis en oeuvre.
EP03818607A 2003-09-17 2003-09-17 Projectile perforant Expired - Lifetime EP1664662B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH2003/000627 WO2005026652A1 (fr) 2003-09-17 2003-09-17 Projectile perforant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1664662A1 EP1664662A1 (fr) 2006-06-07
EP1664662B1 true EP1664662B1 (fr) 2010-03-24

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EP (1) EP1664662B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003258449A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50312555D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005026652A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010018187B4 (de) * 2010-04-26 2012-04-19 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Zündvorrichtung für einen Penetrator
RU2597431C2 (ru) * 2014-08-26 2016-09-10 Андрей Альбертович Половнев Пуля боеприпаса стрелкового оружия
DE102015117018A1 (de) * 2015-10-06 2017-04-06 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator sowie unterkalibriges Geschoss
DE102019121112A1 (de) 2019-08-05 2021-02-11 Ruag Ammotec Ag Geschoss, Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Geschosses, Stempel zum Herstellen eines Geschosses und Verfahren zum rotatorischen Sichern eines Geschosskerns bezüglich eines Geschossmantels eines Geschosses

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB128248A (en) * 1917-06-30 1919-06-26 Norton Byers Taylor Improvements in and relating to Armor Piercing Projectiles.
US2922366A (en) * 1956-05-22 1960-01-26 Lyon George Albert Projectile nose structure
DE1453821C3 (de) * 1965-03-24 1975-11-20 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Morse rubungsgranate
DE2609590C2 (de) * 1976-03-09 1983-09-29 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Verfahren zur Herstellung unterschiedlicher Projektil-Endgeräten und Formänderungssätze zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
FR2776372B1 (fr) * 1998-03-19 2000-08-04 Giat Ind Sa Obus perforant anti structures betonnees et dispositif de conversion permettant d'obtenir un tel obus perforant a partir d'un obus explosif
EP1167914A1 (fr) 2000-06-19 2002-01-02 SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG Projectile autopropulsé avec noyau perforant
AT412510B (de) * 2001-09-19 2005-03-25 Oregon Ets Patentverwertung Geschoss

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EP1664662A1 (fr) 2006-06-07
AU2003258449A1 (en) 2005-04-06
WO2005026652A1 (fr) 2005-03-24
DE50312555D1 (de) 2010-05-06

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