EP1682848B1 - Structure of a projectile - Google Patents

Structure of a projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1682848B1
EP1682848B1 EP04797221A EP04797221A EP1682848B1 EP 1682848 B1 EP1682848 B1 EP 1682848B1 EP 04797221 A EP04797221 A EP 04797221A EP 04797221 A EP04797221 A EP 04797221A EP 1682848 B1 EP1682848 B1 EP 1682848B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charge
projectile
flange
ring
projectile according
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EP04797221A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1682848A1 (en
Inventor
Josef Bissig
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Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd
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Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a structure of a projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • EP-A1-0 497 394 (which is a starting point for the preamble of claim 1) is an electronic delay circuit for the delayed ignition of the main charge in a tandem shaped charge known.
  • a projectile is provided with a front-side impact fuse having a precharge arranged behind it, in a first cylindrical region of the projectile.
  • a second hollow charge is arranged in an approximately cylindrical region via a single, cone-shaped spacer tube.
  • Behind this main charge is an electronic ignition device containing the delay circuit.
  • the power supply of the circuit arrangement and the required ignition voltage is effected by a piezoelectric crystal in the rear of the projectile.
  • the shock wave is concentrated on the projectile casing on the tail and able here to squeeze the piezocrystal together to activate di.
  • Another tandem hollow charge with a shell-shaped shell made of a composite material has a shield between the precharge and the main charge, which prevents the explosion pressure of the precharge from the main charge and prevents their premature ignition as a result of the pressure wave.
  • the main charge is covered by a lightweight fiber / epoxy dome. Its central - production-related - opening is closed by an aluminum plug, which absorbs and deflects the central explosion pressure of the summons. Once the jet of the main charge is formed, the plug will fly out of its bore and clear the beam of the way to the target.
  • the charges mentioned in the claim are usually shaped charges and thus form a tandem shaped charge.
  • other shaped charges and combinations thereof are conceivable, such as a front projectile charge and a rear conventional charge (et al EP-B1-0 955 517 , Likewise, multiple warheads can be realized according to the same basic principle.
  • the subject of the invention is based on the recognition that the projectile casing can be thin-walled in the region of its front (first) charge, if external solid structures are dispensed with, which redirect the gas shock of the first charge. Also, the spacer tube is thin-walled and prevents by a continuous increase in its diameter, a direct transmission of the impact shock on the center of the second charge. The resulting high internal pressure causes the spacer tube to burst, the individual fragments flying away in the radial direction, without hindering the second charge.
  • the second charge has at least a factor of 2 larger caliber than the first charge; Accordingly, the diameter of the spacer tube also increases.
  • the length of the spacer tube, i. the distance between the two charges is at least twice the second caliber.
  • annular flanges act as shock barriers and reduce the mechanical stress on the ignition systems and the charges.
  • Acceleration measurements on tandem-shaped projectile bullets having a structure designed according to the features of the claim show relatively small g-values (9.81 ms -2 ) at the location of the main charge. Likewise, the vibrations which disturb the effective jet are minimal. Busy this is on fired projectiles due to the high drilling performance of the charge jet in the target.
  • the pitch of the spacer tube according to claim 1 has manufacturing and kinematic advantages.
  • the embodiment according to claim 2 is very space-saving and ideally absorbs the impact pulse for starting the ignition device.
  • a direct placement of the calotte according to claim 5 reduces the free path length of the plunger, but increases the effect of deflecting the shock waves.
  • the embodiment of claim 8 enhances shock absorption and reduces the transmission of vibrations to the sensitive second charge.
  • Damping materials and in particular damping rings of easily deformable material have been proven such as commercial aluminum foam. But is particularly advantageous is a material made of a plastic which is provided with embedded microballoons, as in the CH -A5-674077 described. See claim 9. Such materials are now commercially available and are used for detonation wave deflection in shaped charges. Analogously acting materials based on wood (cellulose) are also known.
  • the material thickening and discontinuities mentioned in claim 10 result in the detonation of the precharge at the accelerated mass parts (fragments of the flange) to speed components in the radial direction. This prevents collisions with subsequent parts and with the jet of the main charge.
  • the annular flange serves to block the precharge.
  • the self-propelled projectile with a tandem shaped charge Fig. 1 is constructed axially symmetric to a designated A axis.
  • a head 1 consists of a tip 2 with inserted elastic rings 3 and has good aerodynamic properties due to its slim shape.
  • the tip 2 is a first hollow charge, consisting of a lining 4 and a high performance explosive, the charge 5. Both form a summons and are arranged in a cylindrical portion 7a, which is delimited on the rear side by a flange 10a , In this flange 10a an autonomous ignition device 6 is inserted, which projects into a part of a spacer tube 7b.
  • the part 7b is connected via a fit of a joint 7d with a further part 7b 'of the spacer tube.
  • the part 7b ' has on the front side a flange ring 10b with an open passage 13, which is covered by a carrier cap 11'.
  • a damping material 9 ' is glued. Below this is a relatively large cavity 8, which is a possible gas shock of the summons 4.5 could absorb and its kinetic energy in deformation and fracture energy on the spacer tube 7b, 7b 'transmits.
  • Another joint 12 connects the spacer tube 7b ', overlapping, with another cylindrical portion 7c of the projectile casing 7a-7c.
  • the main charge 14,15 with its lining 14 and the explosive 15.
  • This shaped charge 14,15 is supported on a rear part 21 which receives in an adapter 16, another autonomous ignition system 17 and from which the drive nozzles 18 a known Protruding solid drive 19.
  • the drive nozzles 18 a known Protruding solid drive 19.
  • FIG. 3 shows the lower shock barrier, which projects into the interior of the spacer tube 7b.
  • the joint 7d with a protruding Ring of the lower part 7b ' is suitable and the part 7b is supported there.
  • FIG. 3 shows symbolically represented by arrows, the front of a shockwave, which is derived from the dome 9. Inside the bore 13, the plunger J of a shaped charge jet can thus form undisturbed.
  • Fig. 4 An analog solution is in Fig. 4 can be seen: Here, the shock wave first meets damping material 9 'and then only on a centered in the bore 13 carrier dome 11'. In addition, the damping material 9 'is mounted on the edge in a soft damping ring 45.
  • Fig. 5 Details of the assembly of the main charge are the Fig. 5 refer to:
  • the spacer tube 7b ' is inserted inside the cylindrical projectile casing 7c and forms a joint 12th
  • the liner 14 is positively on the shaped charge 15 and has at its largest diameter a fitting ring 14 a, which is loaded by a damping sleeve 46 and a threaded sleeve 47.
  • the threaded sleeve 47 is screwed into an internal thread 48 of the cylindrical projectile casing 7c.
  • a bullet casing made of a commercially available aluminum alloy has proven itself. This is easy to machine mechanically and has inherent damping properties, which is particularly positive by a reduction in the transferred to the charges vibration compared to other metallic materials.
  • the joints are shrunk and glued in a conventional manner.
  • the typical cruising speed of the projectile is below 300 m / s.
  • the caliber of the summons is 32 mm in the embodiment; that of the main charge 112 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to shells with charges (4,5; 14,15) arranged one behind the other, whereby the given temporal sequence on initiation thereof is to be maintained, in order to provide the desired effect on the target. The structure of the shell casing (7a-7c) is embodied such that the spacer tube (7b,7b'), between both charges (4,5; 14,15), is radially dispersed after firing the pre-charge (4,5), without affecting the action of the subsequent main charge (14,15) by shock waves and/or vibrations. The above is achieved by sealed shock barriers (10a; 10b) and damping bodies (9',11'), in addition to the thin-walled shell casing (7a-7c). The above is suitable for application, in particular, with tandem hollow charges, against active armour plating.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Struktur eines Geschosses nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a structure of a projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.

In Geschossen mit Hohlladungen und Mehrfachsprengköpfen treten beim und nach dem Aufprall im Ziel hohe Schockenergien auf, welche die Wirkladung stören, deren Leistung vermindern oder sogar ausser Funktion setzen.In projectiles with shaped charges and multiple warheads occur during and after the impact in the target high shock energy, which disturb the effective charge, reduce their power or even put out of action.

Es ist u.a. allgemein bekannt, dass in sogenannten Tandem-Hohlladungen sowohl der Aufprallschock, als auch die Zündung der Vorladung die Ausbildung eines hochenergetischen Strahls verhindern können.It is u.a. It is generally known that in so-called tandem shaped charges, both the impact shock and the ignition of the precharge can prevent the formation of a high-energy jet.

Aus der EP -A1- 0 497 394 (welche einen Ausgangspunkt für den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 darstellt) ist eine elektronische Verzögerungsschaltung zur verzögerten Zündung der Hauptladung in einer Tandem-Hohlladung bekannt. Im zugehörigen Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein Geschoss mit einem frontseitigen Aufschlagzünder mit einer dahinter angeordneten Vorladung, in einem ersten zylindrischen Bereich des Geschosses, vorgesehen. In der Längsachse ist über ein einziges, kegelförmiges Distanzrohr eine zweite Hohlladung in einem annähernd zylindrischen Bereich angeordnet. Hinter dieser Hauptladung befindet sich eine elektronische Zündvorrichtung, welche die Verzögerungsschaltung enthält. Die Energieversorgung der Schaltungsanordnung sowie die erforderliche Zündspannung erfolgt durch ein Piezokristall im Heck des Geschosses. Durch den Aufprallschock des länglichen Aufschlagzünders der gleichzeitig als "Stand-off"-Mittel für die zeitgerechte Zündung der Vorladung dient, wird die Schockwelle über die Geschosshülle auf das Heck konzentriert und vermag hier das Piezokristall zusammen zu pressen, d.i. zu aktivieren.From the EP-A1-0 497 394 (which is a starting point for the preamble of claim 1) is an electronic delay circuit for the delayed ignition of the main charge in a tandem shaped charge known. In the associated exemplary embodiment, a projectile is provided with a front-side impact fuse having a precharge arranged behind it, in a first cylindrical region of the projectile. In the longitudinal axis, a second hollow charge is arranged in an approximately cylindrical region via a single, cone-shaped spacer tube. Behind this main charge is an electronic ignition device containing the delay circuit. The power supply of the circuit arrangement and the required ignition voltage is effected by a piezoelectric crystal in the rear of the projectile. Due to the impact shock of the elongated impact fuze which also serves as a "stand-off" means for the timely ignition of the summons, the shock wave is concentrated on the projectile casing on the tail and able here to squeeze the piezocrystal together to activate di.

Eine andere Tandem-Hohlladung mit einer mantelförmigen Hülle aus einem Verbundwerkstoff ( US -A- 5,003,883 ) weist zwischen der Vorladung und der Hauptladung ein Schild auf, welches den Explosionsdruck der Vorladung von der Hauptladung abhält und deren vorzeitiges Zünden als Folge der Druckwelle verhindert. Hierzu wird die Hauptladung durch einen leichtgewichtigen Fiber/Epoxy-Dom abgedeckt. Seine zentrale - fertigungsbedingte - Öffnung ist durch einen Aluminiumstopfen verschlossen, welcher den zentralen Explosionsdruck der Vorladung aufnimmt und ablenkt. Sobald sich der Strahl der Hauptladung ausbildet fliegt der Stopfen aus seiner Bohrung und gibt dem Strahl den Weg zum Ziel frei.Another tandem hollow charge with a shell-shaped shell made of a composite material ( US -A- 5,003,883 ) has a shield between the precharge and the main charge, which prevents the explosion pressure of the precharge from the main charge and prevents their premature ignition as a result of the pressure wave. For this purpose, the main charge is covered by a lightweight fiber / epoxy dome. Its central - production-related - opening is closed by an aluminum plug, which absorbs and deflects the central explosion pressure of the summons. Once the jet of the main charge is formed, the plug will fly out of its bore and clear the beam of the way to the target.

Während die EP -A1- 0 497 394 einen Lösungsweg zur sicheren und zeitlich verzögerten Initiierung der Hauptladung aufzeigt, schafft die US -A- 5,003,883 ein Geschoss mit einem geringem Gesamtgewicht und einer gegenüber dem Explosionsdruck der Vorladung geschützten Hauptladung.While the EP-A1-0 497 394 provides a solution for the safe and delayed initiation of the main charge, creates the US -A- 5,003,883 a bullet with a low overall weight and a main charge protected from the blast pressure of the summons.

In einem raketengetriebenen Geschoss mit mehreren nacheinander zu zündenden Ladungen wird gemäss EP -A1- 928 948 ein mechanisches Dämpfungselement zwischen zwei Ladungen geschaltet. Hierzu werden die beiden Geschosskörper miteinander verschraubt, wobei zwischen scheibenartigen Kontaktflächen der beiden Teile ein zentraler Hohlraum ausgespart ist, in dem eine Blattfeder eingelegt ist.In a rocket-propelled projectile with several charges to be ignited one after the other, according to EP-A1-928 948 a mechanical damping element connected between two charges. For this purpose, the two projectile bodies are screwed together, wherein between disc-like contact surfaces of the two parts a central cavity is recessed, in which a leaf spring is inserted.

Nachteilig bei dieser Konstruktion ist, dass damit sehr hohe Schockbelastung nicht auffangbar sind, weil der Aufprallschock über die Gehäusestruktur, hauptsächlich über die Geschosshülle übertragen wird. Eingelagerte Blattfedern vermögen zudem auf Grund ihrer Masse und Trägheit keine hochfrequenten Schwingungen dämpfen, sie verhalten sich dabei wie starre Massen, so dass die Dämpfungswirkung auf niederfrequente Schwingungen beschränkt ist. Es können somit nur Ladungen in relativ langsam fliegende Geschossen vor unzulässigen Schockbelastungen geschützt werden.The disadvantage of this design is that so that very high shock load can not be collected, because the impact shock on the housing structure, mainly on the projectile shell is transferred. Stored leaf springs are also able to dampen due to their mass and inertia no high-frequency vibrations, they behave like rigid masses, so that the damping effect is limited to low-frequency vibrations. Thus, only charges in relatively slow-flying projectiles can be protected from inadmissible shock loads.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung eine schockabsorbierende Struktur zu schaffen, die auch für hochbeschleunigte Geschosse mit hintereinander angeordneten zeitlich verzögert gezündeten Ladungen geeignet ist. Damit soll die Systemsicherheit erhöht und insbesondere eine vorzeitige Initiierung der Hauptladung verhindert werden.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a shock-absorbing structure which is suitable for highly accelerated projectiles with successively delayed discharges ignited. This is intended to increase system security and in particular prevent premature initiation of the main charge.

Die im Ziel auftretenden Störungen sollen minimiert werden; Einflüsse von aktiven Panzerungen (Explosive Reactive Armor = ERA) auf die Wirkleistung des Geschosses sollen dabei ebenfalls reduziert werden.The disturbances occurring in the target should be minimized; Influences of active armor (Explosive Reactive Armor = ERA) on the effective power of the projectile should also be reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

Die im Patentanspruch erwähnten Ladungen sind meist Hohlladungen und bilden somit eine Tandem-Hohlladung. Es sind aber auch andere geformte Ladungen und Kombinationen davon denkbar, wie beispielsweise eine vordere Projektil-Ladung und eine hintere konventionelle Ladung (u.a. nach EP -B1- 0 955 517 . Ebenso lassen sich Mehrfachsprengköpfe nach dem gleichen Grundprinzip realisieren.The charges mentioned in the claim are usually shaped charges and thus form a tandem shaped charge. However, other shaped charges and combinations thereof are conceivable, such as a front projectile charge and a rear conventional charge (et al EP-B1-0 955 517 , Likewise, multiple warheads can be realized according to the same basic principle.

Der Erfindungsgegenstand geht von der Erkenntnis aus, dass die Geschosshülle im Bereich ihrer vorderen (ersten) Ladung dünnwandig sein kann, wenn auf äussere massive Strukturen verzichtet wird, welche den Gasschlag der ersten Ladung umlenken. Ebenfalls ist das Distanzrohr dünnwandig und verhindert durch eine kontinuierliche Vergrösserung seines Durchmessers eine direkte Weiterleitung des Aufprallschocks auf das Zentrum der zweiten Ladung. Der am Ziel entstehende hohe Innendruck lässt das Distanzrohr bersten, die einzelnen Fragmente fliegen in radialer Richtung weg, ohne die zweite Ladung zu behindern.The subject of the invention is based on the recognition that the projectile casing can be thin-walled in the region of its front (first) charge, if external solid structures are dispensed with, which redirect the gas shock of the first charge. Also, the spacer tube is thin-walled and prevents by a continuous increase in its diameter, a direct transmission of the impact shock on the center of the second charge. The resulting high internal pressure causes the spacer tube to burst, the individual fragments flying away in the radial direction, without hindering the second charge.

Die zweite Ladung weist gegenüber der ersten Ladung ein um wenigstens den Faktor 2 grösseres Kaliber auf; dementsprechend steigt auch der Durchmesser des Distanzrohrs an. Die Länge des Distanzrohrs, d.h. der Abstand zwischen den beiden Ladungen beträgt wenigstens das Zweifache des zweiten Kalibers.The second charge has at least a factor of 2 larger caliber than the first charge; Accordingly, the diameter of the spacer tube also increases. The length of the spacer tube, i. the distance between the two charges is at least twice the second caliber.

Die ebenfalls erwähnten ringförmigen Flansche wirken als Schockbarrieren und reduzieren die mechanische Belastung der Zündsysteme und der Ladungen.The likewise mentioned annular flanges act as shock barriers and reduce the mechanical stress on the ignition systems and the charges.

Beschleunigungsmessungen an Geschossen mit Tandem-Hohladungen, die eine nach den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs gestaltete Struktur aufweisen zeigen am Ort der Hauptladung relativ kleine g-Werte (9,81 ms-2). Ebenfalls sind die den Wirkstrahl besonders störenden Vibrationen minimal. Belegt ist dies bei abgefeuerten Geschossen durch die im Ziel erreichte hohe Bohrleistung des Hohladungsstrahls.Acceleration measurements on tandem-shaped projectile bullets having a structure designed according to the features of the claim show relatively small g-values (9.81 ms -2 ) at the location of the main charge. Likewise, the vibrations which disturb the effective jet are minimal. Busy this is on fired projectiles due to the high drilling performance of the charge jet in the target.

In abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung aufgezeigt.In dependent claims advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown.

Die Teilung des Distanzrohrs gemäss Anspruch 1 hat fertigungstechnische und kinematische Vorteile.The pitch of the spacer tube according to claim 1 has manufacturing and kinematic advantages.

Die Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 2 ist sehr platzsparend und nimmt in idealer Weise den Aufschlagimpuls zur Inbetriebsetzung der Zündvorrichtung auf.The embodiment according to claim 2 is very space-saving and ideally absorbs the impact pulse for starting the ignition device.

Durch eine metallische Kalotte lassen sich die beim Aufprall und der Zündung der Vorladung entstehenden Schockwellen auf den Gehäusemantel umleiten; Anspruch 3.By means of a metallic dome, the shock waves generated during the impact and the ignition of the precharge can be redirected to the housing jacket; Claim 3.

Vorteilhaft ist nach Anspruch 4 eine Vergrösserung der freien Weglänge des durch eine hintere Hohlladung gebildeten Stössels.Advantageously, according to claim 4 is an increase in the free path length of the tappet formed by a rear hollow charge.

Ein direktes Aufsetzen der Kalotte entsprechend dem Anspruch 5 reduziert die freie Weglänge des Stössels, erhöht aber die Wirkung Umlenkung der Schockwellen.A direct placement of the calotte according to claim 5 reduces the free path length of the plunger, but increases the effect of deflecting the shock waves.

Eine seitliche Lagerung des Dämpfungsmaterials in einem elastischen Ring reduziert die Übertragung von Vibration auf die nachfolgende Struktur.Lateral support of the damping material in an elastic ring reduces the transmission of vibration to the subsequent structure.

Besonders bewährt hat sich eine Gewindeverbindung gemäss Anspruch 7, da sie einen Teil der Schockwelle auffängt.Has proven particularly useful a threaded connection according to claim 7, since it catches a portion of the shock wave.

Die Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 8 erhöht die Schockabsorbtion und reduziert die Übertragung von Vibrationen auf die empfindliche zweite Ladung.The embodiment of claim 8 enhances shock absorption and reduces the transmission of vibrations to the sensitive second charge.

Dämpfungsmaterialien und insbesondere Dämpfungsringe aus leicht verformbarem Material haben sich bewährt wie beispielsweise handelsüblicher Aluminiumschaum. Besonders vorteilhaft ist aber ein Material aus einem Kunststoff der mit eingelagerten Mikroballons versehen ist, wie in der CH -A5-674077 beschrieben. Vgl. Anspruch 9. Derartige Materialien sind heute handelsüblich und werden zur Detonationswellen-Umlenkung in geformten Ladungen verwendet. Analog wirkende Werkstoffe auf Holzbasis (Zellulose) sind ebenfalls bekannt.Damping materials and in particular damping rings of easily deformable material have been proven such as commercial aluminum foam. But is particularly advantageous is a material made of a plastic which is provided with embedded microballoons, as in the CH -A5-674077 described. See claim 9. Such materials are now commercially available and are used for detonation wave deflection in shaped charges. Analogously acting materials based on wood (cellulose) are also known.

Die im Anspruch 10 erwähnten Materialverdickungen und Unstetigkeiten führen bei der Detonation der Vorladung an den beschleunigten Massenteilen (Fragmenten des Flansches) zu Geschwindigkeitskomponenten in radialer Richtung. Dies verhindert Kollisionen mit nachfolgenden Teilen und mit dem Strahl der Hauptladung. Gleichzeitig dient der ringförmige Flansch der Verdämmung der Vorladung.The material thickening and discontinuities mentioned in claim 10 result in the detonation of the precharge at the accelerated mass parts (fragments of the flange) to speed components in the radial direction. This prevents collisions with subsequent parts and with the jet of the main charge. At the same time, the annular flange serves to block the precharge.

Praktische Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in Zeichnungen dargestellt.Practical embodiments of the invention are shown in drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein selbstangetriebenes Geschoss mit einer Tandem-Hohlladung,
Fig. 2
die Vorladung nach Fig. 1 mit einer vorderen Schockbarriere, in einer vergrösserten Teilschnittdarstellung mit weiteren Einzelheiten,
Fig. 3
eine Ausgestaltung und die Wirkung einer hinteren Schockbarriere,
Fig. 4
eine alternative Ausgestaltung einer weiteren Schockbarriere und
Fig. 5
die Lagerung der Hauptladung nach Fig. 1 in der Geschosshülle in Teilschnittdarstellung.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a self-propelled projectile with a tandem shaped charge,
Fig. 2
the summons to Fig. 1 with a front shock barrier, in an enlarged partial sectional view with further details,
Fig. 3
an embodiment and the effect of a rear shock barrier,
Fig. 4
an alternative embodiment of another shock barrier and
Fig. 5
the storage of the main charge after Fig. 1 in the projectile shell in partial section.

Das selbstangetriebene Geschoss mit einer Tandem-Hohlladung nach Fig. 1 ist axialsymmetrisch zu einer mit A bezeichneten Achse aufgebaut. Ein Kopf 1 besteht aus einer Spitze 2 mit eingelegten elastischen Ringen 3 und weist auf Grund seiner schlanken Form gute aerodynamische Eigenschaften auf. Gegenüber dem eigentlichen Aufschlagteil, der Spitze 2, zurückversetzt befindet sich eine erste Hohlladung, bestehend aus einer Auskleidung 4 und einem Hochleistungssprengstoff, der Ladung 5. Beide bilden eine Vorladung und sind in einem zylindrischen Bereich 7a angeordnet, welcher heckseitig durch einen Flanschring 10a abgegrenzt ist. In diesen Flanschring 10a ist eine autonome Zündvorrichtung 6 eingesetzt, welche in ein Teil eines Distanzrohrs 7b hineinragt. Das Teil 7b ist über eine Passung einer Fügestelle 7d mit einem weiteren Teil 7b' des Distanzrohrs verbunden. Das Teil 7b' besitzt frontseitig einen Flanschring 10b mit einem offenen Durchlass 13, der durch eine Trägerkalotte 11' abgedeckt ist. Darüber ist ein Dämpfungsmaterial 9' aufgeklebt. Darunter befindet sich ein relativ grosser Hohlraum 8, der einen eventuellen Gasschlag der Vorladung 4,5 aufnehmen könnte und der dessen kinetische Energie in Verformungs- und Bruchenergie auf das Distanzrohr 7b,7b' überträgt.The self-propelled projectile with a tandem shaped charge Fig. 1 is constructed axially symmetric to a designated A axis. A head 1 consists of a tip 2 with inserted elastic rings 3 and has good aerodynamic properties due to its slim shape. Opposite the actual impact part, the tip 2, is a first hollow charge, consisting of a lining 4 and a high performance explosive, the charge 5. Both form a summons and are arranged in a cylindrical portion 7a, which is delimited on the rear side by a flange 10a , In this flange 10a an autonomous ignition device 6 is inserted, which projects into a part of a spacer tube 7b. The part 7b is connected via a fit of a joint 7d with a further part 7b 'of the spacer tube. The part 7b 'has on the front side a flange ring 10b with an open passage 13, which is covered by a carrier cap 11'. In addition, a damping material 9 'is glued. Below this is a relatively large cavity 8, which is a possible gas shock of the summons 4.5 could absorb and its kinetic energy in deformation and fracture energy on the spacer tube 7b, 7b 'transmits.

Eine weitere Fügestelle 12 verbindet das Distanzrohr 7b', überlappend, mit einem weiteren zylindrischen Bereich 7c der Geschosshülle 7a-7c. Hier befindet sich die Hauptladung 14,15 mit ihrer Auskleidung 14 und dem Sprengstoff 15. Diese Hohlladung 14,15 ist auf einem Heckteil 21 abgestützt, welches in einem Adapter 16 ein weiteres autonomes Zündsystem 17 aufnimmt und aus dem die Antriebsdüsen 18 eines an sich bekannten Feststoff-Antriebs 19 herausragen. Endseitig sind aufklappbare Flügel eines Leitwerks 20 ersichtlich.Another joint 12 connects the spacer tube 7b ', overlapping, with another cylindrical portion 7c of the projectile casing 7a-7c. Here is the main charge 14,15 with its lining 14 and the explosive 15. This shaped charge 14,15 is supported on a rear part 21 which receives in an adapter 16, another autonomous ignition system 17 and from which the drive nozzles 18 a known Protruding solid drive 19. At the end hinged wings of a tail 20 are visible.

In nachfolgenden Figuren sind gleiche Funktionsteile mit gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen.In subsequent figures, the same functional parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

In der vergrösserten Schnittdarstellung Fig. 2 sieht man oberhalb des zylindrischen Bereichs der Geschosshülle 7a die Einschraubstelle für die Spitze 2 angedeutet. Die Auskleidung 4 endet in einer Gewindeverbindung 41. der Sprengstoff 5 liegt formschlüssig am massiven Flanschring 10a an, welcher einstückig mit dem Teil 7a ausgebildet ist. Ferner ist zentral ein Zündvertärker 42 in einem Zentrierzapfen 44 eingesetzt, der seinerseits einen Dämpfungsring 43 aufnimmt, an dem das hier nicht gezeichnete Zündsystem 6 anliegt. Das zylindrische Teil 7a endet passend im Hohlraum des Distanzrohrs 7b.In the enlarged sectional view Fig. 2 one sees above the cylindrical portion of the projectile casing 7a the screw-in point for the tip 2 is indicated. The lining 4 terminates in a threaded connection 41. The explosive 5 is in a form-fitting manner against the solid flange ring 10a, which is formed integrally with the part 7a. Furthermore, a Zündvertärker 42 is centrally inserted in a centering pin 44, which in turn receives a damping ring 43 to which the not shown here ignition system 6 is applied. The cylindrical part 7a ends fitting in the cavity of the spacer tube 7b.

Die Darstellung Fig. 3 zeigt die untere Schockbarriere, die in den Innenraum des Distanzrohrs 7b hineinragt. Hier lässt sich erkennen, dass die Fügestelle 7d mit einem vorstehenden Ring des unteren Teils 7b' passend ist und sich das Teil 7b dort abstützt. In einem ebenfalls massiven Flanschring 10b sind ein Dämpfungsring 9 und darin eingesetzt, eine Kalotte 11 aufgeklebt.The representation Fig. 3 shows the lower shock barrier, which projects into the interior of the spacer tube 7b. Here it can be seen that the joint 7d with a protruding Ring of the lower part 7b 'is suitable and the part 7b is supported there. In a likewise massive flange 10b a damping ring 9 and inserted therein, a cap 11 glued.

Die Figur 3 zeigt symbolisch durch Pfeile dargestellt, die Front einer Schockwelle, die von der Kalotte 9 abgeleitet wird. Im Innern der Bohrung 13 kann sich somit der Stössel J eines Hohlladungsstrahls ungestört ausbilden.The FIG. 3 shows symbolically represented by arrows, the front of a shockwave, which is derived from the dome 9. Inside the bore 13, the plunger J of a shaped charge jet can thus form undisturbed.

Eine analoge Lösung ist in Fig. 4 ersichtlich: Hier trifft die Schockwelle zuerst auf Dämpfungsmaterial 9' und dann erst auf eine in der Bohrung 13 zentrierte Träger-Kalotte 11'. Zudem ist das Dämpfungsmaterial 9' randseitig in einem weichen Dämpfungsring 45 gelagert.An analog solution is in Fig. 4 can be seen: Here, the shock wave first meets damping material 9 'and then only on a centered in the bore 13 carrier dome 11'. In addition, the damping material 9 'is mounted on the edge in a soft damping ring 45.

Einzelheiten zum Zusammenbau der Hauptladung sind der Fig. 5 zu entnehmen:Details of the assembly of the main charge are the Fig. 5 refer to:

Das Distanzrohr 7b' ist innenseitig in die zylindrische Geschosshülle 7c eingesetzt und bildet eine Fügestelle 12.The spacer tube 7b 'is inserted inside the cylindrical projectile casing 7c and forms a joint 12th

Die Auskleidung 14 liegt formschlüssig auf der geformten Ladung 15 auf und besitzt an ihrem grössten Durchmesser einen Passring 14a, der durch eine Dämpfungshülse 46 und eine Gewindehülse 47 belastet ist. Die Gewindehülse 47 ist in ein Innengewinde 48 der zylindrischen Geschosshülle 7c eingeschraubt.The liner 14 is positively on the shaped charge 15 and has at its largest diameter a fitting ring 14 a, which is loaded by a damping sleeve 46 and a threaded sleeve 47. The threaded sleeve 47 is screwed into an internal thread 48 of the cylindrical projectile casing 7c.

Eingezeichnet ist eine Hüllkurve G, welche den durch Störungen weitgehend freien sensiblen Bereich der Hohlladung charakterisiert.Shown is an envelope G, which characterizes the largely free from disturbances sensitive area of the hollow charge.

Bewährt hat sich eine Geschosshülle aus einer handelsüblichen Aluminiumlegierung. Diese lässt sich leicht mechanisch bearbeiten und zeigt inhärente Dämpfungseigenschaften, was insbesondere durch eine Reduktion der auf die Ladungen übertragenen Vibrationen gegenüber anderen metallischen Materialien positiv in Erscheinung tritt. Die Fügestellen sind in an sich bekannter Weise geschrumpft und geklebt.A bullet casing made of a commercially available aluminum alloy has proven itself. This is easy to machine mechanically and has inherent damping properties, which is particularly positive by a reduction in the transferred to the charges vibration compared to other metallic materials. The joints are shrunk and glued in a conventional manner.

Die typische Marschgeschwindigkeit des Geschosses liegt unterhalb von 300 m/s. Das Kaliber der Vorladung ist im Ausführungsbeispiel 32 mm; dasjenige der Hauptladung 112 mm.The typical cruising speed of the projectile is below 300 m / s. The caliber of the summons is 32 mm in the embodiment; that of the main charge 112 mm.

Als Zündsysteme haben sich handelsübliche "Impact shock, Piezo Fuze Systems" (PEPZ-05, Zaugg Elektronik AG, CH-4573 Lohn-Ammannsegg) mit einstellbaren Verzögerungszeiten für die Vorladung von < 25 µs und für die Hauptladung von zirka 370 µs als zweckmässig erwiesen.Commercially available "Impact Shock, Piezo Fuze Systems" (PEPZ-05, Zaugg Elektronik AG, CH-4573 Lohn-Ammannsegg) with adjustable delay times for the precharge of <25 μs and for the main charge of approximately 370 μs have proven to be suitable ignition systems ,

Bezeichnungslistename list

11
Kopf eines Geschosses mit TandemladungHead of a bullet with tandem charge
22
Spitze (Aufschlagteil)Tip (impact part)
33
Elastische Ringe (O-Ringe)Elastic rings (O-rings)
44
Auskleidung Vorladung (Precursor)Lining precharge (precursor)
55
Sprengstoff zu VorladungExplosive to summons
66
1. Zündsystem (Piezo-Zündsystem)1. Ignition system (Piezo ignition system)
7a-7c7a-7c
Geschosshülleprojectile casing
7a,7c7a, 7c
zylindrische Bereiche der Geschosshüllecylindrical areas of the projectile shell
7b,7b'7b, 7b '
Teile DistanzrohrParts spacer tube
7d7d
Fügestelle in GeschosshülleJoint in bullet casing
88th
Hohlraum DistanzrohrCavity spacer tube
9, 9'9, 9 '
Dämpfungsring, DämpfungsmaterialDamping ring, damping material
10a,10b10a, 10b
Flanschringe (massiv)Flange rings (solid)
11,11'11.11 '
Kalotte; Träger-Kalottecap; Carrier cap
1212
hintere Fügestellerear joint
1313
Durchlass / BohrungPassage / bore
1414
Auskleidung HauptladungLining main charge
14a14a
Passring an 14Fitting ring on 14
1515
Sprengstoff zu HauptladungExplosive to main charge
1616
Adapter AntriebAdapter drive
1717
2. Zündvorrichtung (Piezo-Zündsystem)2. Ignition device (piezo ignition system)
1818
Antriebsdüsenrocket nozzles
1919
Feststoff-AntriebSolid drive
2020
Leitwerk (aufklappbar)Tail unit (hinged)
2121
Heckteiltail section
4141
Gewindeverbindung von 4Threaded connection of 4
4242
Zündverstärkerbooster
4343
Dämpfungsring (oben)Damping ring (top)
4444
Zentrierzapfenspigot
4545
Dämpfungsring (unten)Damping ring (below)
4646
Dämpfungshülse .Damping sleeve.
4747
Gewindehülsethreaded sleeve
4848
Innengewinde in 7cInternal thread in 7c
AA
Achse / FlugrichtungAxis / direction of flight
JJ
Stössel der Hohlladung (Jet)Plunger of the shaped charge (Jet)
GG
Hüllkurve des sensiblen HL-BereichsEnvelope of the sensitive HL area

Claims (10)

  1. Projectile (1) with a mantle-shaped projectile enclosure (7a-7c) which, through an igniting device (6) triggered by the impact, ignites a first charge (4, 5) in the target and where in an axis (A) a second charge (14, 15) of a greater caliber with respect to the first charge can be ignited at a defined time delay, where the first charge (4, 5) is set up in a first cylindrical zone (7a) and the second charge (14, 15), being spaced apart by a two-part distancing tube (7b, 7b'), is set up in a second cylindrical zone (7c), characterized in that the two parts of the distancing tube (7b, 7b') are, continuously over their length, increasing in their diameter up to the diameter of the second zone (7c), that between the first charge (4,5) and the frontal part of the distancing tube (7b) a first ring-shaped flange is provided (10a) having a relatively high thickness compared with that of the projectile's enclosure (7a-7c) and extending orthogonally to the axis of the housing (A), and that in the rear portion of the distancing tube (7b') an additional ring-shaped flange (10b) is provided, where the two parts of the distancing tube (7b, 7b') are connected to each other over a junction point (7d) and the first flange (10a) is conformed in a single piece with the front part of the distancing tube (7b) and the second flange (10b) is conformed in a single piece with the rear part of the distancing tube (7b').
  2. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that an ignition magnifier (42) connected to a piezoelectric ignition system (6) is inserted into the first flange (10a).
  3. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that a metallic bonnet (11) is frontally mounted on the second flange (10b).
  4. Projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the metallic bonnet (11) is seated on a dampening ring (9).
  5. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that a metallic bonnet (11) carrying a dampening material (9') is frontally set up directly on the second flange (10b).
  6. Projectile according to claim 5, characterized in that the dampening material (9') is in turn also supported by a dampening ring (45).
  7. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the lining (4) of the first charge (5) is inserted into the enclosure of the projectile (7a) with a threaded connection (41).
  8. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the lining (14) of the second charge (15) is fitted with an adapting ring (14a) and inserted in the enclosure of the projectile (7a) through a dampening bushing (46) and a threaded bushing (47).
  9. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the dampening ring (9) or the dampening material (9') consists of an organic material with embedded occlusions.
  10. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring-shaped flange (10a) presents front-side material thickenings of a discontinuous slope.
EP04797221A 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure of a projectile Not-in-force EP1682848B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04797221A EP1682848B1 (en) 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure of a projectile

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03405805A EP1531316A1 (en) 2003-11-11 2003-11-11 Structure of a warhead
PCT/CH2004/000663 WO2005045357A1 (en) 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure of a shell
EP04797221A EP1682848B1 (en) 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure of a projectile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1682848A1 EP1682848A1 (en) 2006-07-26
EP1682848B1 true EP1682848B1 (en) 2009-05-06

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03405805A Withdrawn EP1531316A1 (en) 2003-11-11 2003-11-11 Structure of a warhead
EP04797221A Not-in-force EP1682848B1 (en) 2003-11-11 2004-11-03 Structure of a projectile

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03405805A Withdrawn EP1531316A1 (en) 2003-11-11 2003-11-11 Structure of a warhead

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Country Link
EP (2) EP1531316A1 (en)
DE (1) DE502004009469D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005045357A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7273011B2 (en) * 2004-11-03 2007-09-25 Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd Structure of a projectile
FR2953009A1 (en) 2009-11-26 2011-05-27 Nexter Munitions MILITARY HEAD WITH TANDEM LOADS
DE102011103805B4 (en) * 2011-06-01 2017-10-26 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Firing amplifier, in particular for an artillery projectile
WO2015187232A1 (en) * 2014-03-20 2015-12-10 Aerojet Rocketdyne, Inc. Lightweight munition
DE102018006741B4 (en) * 2018-08-24 2022-06-15 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstecchnische Wirksysteme mbH Tandem charge for a missile

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5003883A (en) * 1990-07-23 1991-04-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Lightweight blast shield
SE9100297L (en) * 1991-01-31 1992-08-01 Bofors Ab TAENDSYSTEM
SE507558C2 (en) * 1995-01-23 1998-06-22 Bofors Ab Grenade with multi-charges
EP0955517A1 (en) 1998-05-04 1999-11-10 SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG Ammunition with multiple warheads

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1682848A1 (en) 2006-07-26
EP1531316A1 (en) 2005-05-18
WO2005045357A1 (en) 2005-05-19
DE502004009469D1 (en) 2009-06-18

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