Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
  • A61K9/2059—Starch, including chemically or physically modified derivatives; Amylose; Amylopectin; Dextrin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/08—Peptides having 5 to 11 amino acids
  • A61K38/095—Oxytocins; Vasopressins; Related peptides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
  • A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
  • A61K9/2018—Sugars, or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, mannitol; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/02—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/12—Antidiuretics, e.g. drugs for diabetes insipidus

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a novel pharmaceutical composition as a solid dosage form comprising desmopressin as a therapeutically active ingredient, and to a method for manufacturing thereof .
• Desmopressin also known as dDAVP, is the therapeutically active ingredient (as its acetate salt) in the pharmaceutical product Minirin ® , which is marketed inter alia as a nasal spray and a tablet formulation.
• Desmopressin is primarily used in the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis, i.e. bedwetting, in children, but it is approved also for the treatment of nocturia and diabetes insipidus.
• the first market introduction of the tablet formulation was in Sweden in 1987.
• a solid dosage form such as a tablet formulation is typically manufactured by compression of a suitable granulate to the desired solid dosage form, where the granulate is composed of the required constituents as a mixture of solid particles.
• Typical such particles are the therapeutically active ingredient, various excipients (fillers) , disintegrating agents, lubricants and binders, optionally together e . g. with flavoring agent, preservative and/or colorant.
• the commercially available Minirin ® tablet is prepared according to this general protocol, and the tablet was first disclosed as set forth in the patent US 5 047 398, the teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference. For a comprehensive overview of pharmaceutical tablet manufacturing, see n Tableting" (by N.A.
• the Minirin ® tablet that is currently marketed, and thus produced in industrial scale, consists of the thera- Implantically active ingredient desmopressin together with potato starch and lactose as excipients, and a suitable amount of binder and lubricant, respectively.
• the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition as a solid dosage form comprising desmopressin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as a therapeutically active ingredient together with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, diluent or carrier, or mixture thereof, wherein at least one of said excipient, diluent and carrier is a substance selected from a monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosac- charide and a polysaccharide, wherein the said substance has an average particle size in the range of from 60 to 1 000 ⁇ m. In those embodiments where there is a mixture of at least two of the aforementioned types of saccharides, at least one of them must accordingly be within the specified particle size range of the present invention.
• excipient in many cases the terms excipient, diluent and carrier can be used interchangeably, and they may even refer to one and the same substance, or to a mixture of similar such substances. The proper use and understanding of these terms is self-explanatory and lies well within the ability of a person skilled in the art of pharmaceutical formulation.
• the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may optionally comprise at least one additive selected from a disintegrating agent, lubricant, binder, flavoring agent, preservative, colorant and a mixture thereof. Where considered suitable also other additives may be included.
• a disintegrating agent e . g. magnesium stearate
• binders e . g. Kollidon® 25, BASF
• flavoring agents e . g. magnesium stearate
• binders e . g. Kollidon® 25, BASF
• flavoring agents, preservatives and colorants e. g. Kollidon® 25, BASF
• suitable mixtures thereof as well as any other conventional additive that may be considered by a person skilled in the art practising the present invention, can be found in "Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients" ; Ed. A.H. Kibbe, 3 rd Ed. , American Pharmaceutical Association, USA and
• the expression oligosaccharide relates to a chain, with any degree of branching, of from three to ten monosaccharide units linked via glycoside bonds.
• the expression polysaccharide relates to a chain, with any degree of branching, of at least eleven monosaccharide units linked via glycoside bonds.
• Synthetically modified derivatives and analogues of naturally occurring saccharides are also possible to use in the practising of the present invention.
• the lactose particles In the marketed tablet resulting from the hitherto used manufacturing process, the lactose particles (Pharmatose 150M provided by DMV, the Netherlands) have an average size of about 50 ⁇ m, as determined by an air jet sieve (provided by Alpine GmbH, DE) .
• That particle size does not provide a granulate that allows a compressing speed exceeding about 170 000 tablets per hour (h) .
• the process according to the present invention allows a compressing speed of up to about 250 000 tablets/h with the desired tablet quality and retained low level of wear on the tabletting machinery.
• said average particle size is in the range of from 70 to 500 ⁇ m. In another preferred embodiment, said average particle size is in the range of from 75 to 350 ⁇ m. In yet another preferred embodiment, said average particle size is in the range of from 100 to 200 ⁇ m. In a further preferred embodiment, said average particle size is in the range of from 120 to 180 ⁇ m. In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, said average particle size is 140 ⁇ m (as measured by an air jet sieve) .
• the lactose particles sold as Pharmatose DCL 15, marketed by DMV in the Netherlands, are of this most preferred average particle size.
• the particle size distribution of Pharmatose DCL 15 is that essentially all particles have a size below 500 ⁇ m, whereas approximately 72% of the particles have a size of from 75 to 350 ⁇ m.
• said substance is a disaccharide, preferably lactose, and more preferably lactose- ⁇ -monohydrate .
• starch is preferred, and of the many available starches, potato starch is the most preferred.
• potato starches mention can be made of Pharma M20, Pharma M14 (provided by KMC, DK) and AmylSolVat (provided by Lyckeby Starkelse AB, SE) .
• both said disaccharide and polysaccharide are present in the pharmaceutical composition.
• the weight ratio between said disaccharide and polysaccharide is typically from 100:1 to 1:100, preferably from 10:1 to 1:10, and more preferably from 2:1 to 1:2.
• the total combined amount of said excipient, diluent and carrier is usually from 5 to 99, preferably from 50 to 99, percent by weight of the pharmaceutical composition, the balance up to 100% being the therapeutically active ingredient optionally together with the aforementioned additives, where the latter is preferably lubricant and binder.
• the pharmaceutical composition as a solid dosage form according to the present invention is typically a perorally available tablet. As an alternative non- limiting embodiment, the said tablet may be adapted for oral, including buccal and/or sublingual, administration.
• the composition typically comprises desmopressin acetate in an amount of from 20 to 600 ⁇ g per unit of solid dosage form.
• a typical tablet containing 100 ⁇ g of desmopressin acetate is white, convex and oval (6.7 x 9.5 mm) with a thickness of 3-4 mm and a weight of 200 mg.
• a tablet containing 200 ⁇ g of desmopressin acetate is white, round (8 mm diameter) and convex with a thickness of 3-4 mm and a weight of 200 mg.
• a further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for the manufacturing of a pharmaceutical composition as a solid dosage form comprising desmopressin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as a therapeutically active ingredient, wherein said method comprises the steps of: i) mixing desmopressin and an excipient, diluent or carrier, or mixture thereof, optionally in the presence of a wetting agent, wherein at least one of said excipient, diluent and carrier is a substance selected from a monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccharide and a polysaccharide, wherein said substance has an average particle size in the range of from 60 to 1 000 ⁇ m; ii) subjecting the resulting mixture to formation of a granulate, optionally in the presence of a wetting agent, suitable for compression into said solid dosage form; iii) optionally performing said mixing and/or formation of a granulate in the presence of at least one additive selected from a disintegrating agent,
• a granulate suitable for compression into tablets typically has an average granulate size of at least about 100 ⁇ m. Discrete granules with a size above 2 mm are usually not transferred to the subsequent compressing step.
• the aforementioned equipment in general also provides drying of the prepared granules.
• an upper limit for said average particle size are 900, 800, 700 and 600 ⁇ m.
• said average particle size is in the range of from 70 to 500 ⁇ m.
• said average particle size is in the range of from 75 to 350 ⁇ m.
• said average particle size is in the range of from 100 to 200 ⁇ m.
• said average particle size is in the range of from 120 to 180 ⁇ m.
• said average particle size is 140 ⁇ m.
• the lactose particles sold as Pharmatose DCL 15, marketed by DMV in the Netherlands, are of this most preferred average particle size.
• Other possible embodiments of the present method may involve the aforementioned variants of Pharmatose DCL (vide supra) .
• said substance is a disaccharide, preferably lactose, and more preferably lactose- ⁇ -monohydrate.
• Said monosaccharide may also be D- mannitol, D-sorbitol or xylitol or a mixture thereof.
• Said polysaccharide is preferably a starch, and more preferably potato starch.
• Preferred particular potato starches are the same as those mentioned above.
• the manufactured solid dosage form is typically a perorally available tablet. Where desired, it may also be in a form and/or composition adapted for oromucosal administration. Preferred examples of the latter are buccal and/or sublingual administration.
• tablet compressing equipment suitable for the practising of the present invention are rotary presses provided by Elizabeth-Hata International, US (HT series) , Courtoy NV, BE (R090F, R100M, R190FT, R290FT, R292F and R233 series) , Vector Corp., US (2000, 200 and Magna series), Fette
• steps of mixing and formation of granulate are performed in a single integrated machinery that is adapted for such a "one-pot", i . e . combined, process.
• integrated machinery alternatively denoted one-pot (single pot) equipment, is the FT series, provided by Forberg A/S, Norway.
• said wetting agent is selected from water and a mixture of water and an alcohol, preferably ethanol .
• a water/ethanol 1:3 mixture is typically used, albeit many other combinations are also possible.
• said resulting mixture is subjected to formation of a granulate with an average granulate size of a least 100 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of from 100 ⁇ m to 2 mm.
• both said disaccharide and polysaccharide are present in the mixing step.
• the weight ratio between said disaccharide and polysaccharide is then typically from 100:1 to 1:100, preferably from 10:1 to 1:10, and more preferably from 2:1 to 1:2.
• the method is preferably performed in such a manner that the total combined amount of said excipient, diluent and carrier is from 5 to 99, preferably from 50 to 99, percent by weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
• desmopressin acetate is used and mixed with said excipient, diluent and/or carrier in an amount that eventually provides from 20 to 600 ⁇ g of desmopressin acetate per unit of solid dosage form (see above and the experimental part for examples of a tablet) .
• the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition as a solid dosage form that is obtainable by the novel method as defined above, both in general and as outlined in the specific embodiments .
• Example 1 Preparation of solid dosage form of dDAVP Desmopressin acetate (100 or 200 g; provided by PolyPeptide Laboratories AB, SE) , polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as binder (1,84 kg; Kollidon® 25 provided by BASF GmbH, DE) and granulation liquid (water/ethanol 1:3 mixture) are combined in a vessel and mixed at room temperature until a clear solution is achieved.
• the potato starch (77 kg, average particle size about 40-50 ⁇ m according to laser diffraction measurements;
• AmylSolVat provided by Lyckeby Starkelse AB, SE is weighed and sieved through a 2 mm sieve. Lactose (120 kg, DCL 15 provided by DMV NV, NL; see above for the details of this product) is weighed and loaded together with the starch into a single pot mixer (FT-350; provided by Forberg A/S, NO) and mixed therein. The granulation liquid solution is then sprayed onto the powder mixture, after which the moist granulate is dried with warm air (150°C) , all with continued mixing. The dried granulate is then sieved (2 mm) and transferred to a double cone mixer.
• FT-350 provided by Forberg A/S, NO
• Magnesium stearate (max 1.0 kg; provided by Peter Greven NV, NL) is then weighed in, sieved (1 mm) and transferred to the double cone mixer for final mixing. Tablets are then compressed from the resulting mixture by using a conventional rotary tablet compression machine (Kilian S-250) , whereby a compressing speed of about 250 000 tablets/h is attainable with adequate tablet quality and low machine wear.
• a tablet of adequate quality has a smooth surface without scratches or chipped edges, and it shows no tendencies to lamination (so- called capping) .
• the process is typically adapted to provide a tablet containing 100 or 200 ⁇ g of desmopressin acetate with the aforementioned appearance, dimension and weight.

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• 2003
  • 2003-04-30 EP EP03009659A patent/EP1473029B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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  • 2003-04-30 AT AT03009659T patent/ATE291419T1/de active
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  • 2004-04-30 RU RU2005131494/15A patent/RU2290945C2/ru active
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• 2005
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