EP1664142A1 - Polyoxymethylen-multiblockcopolymere, deren herstellung und verwendung - Google Patents
Polyoxymethylen-multiblockcopolymere, deren herstellung und verwendungInfo
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- EP1664142A1 EP1664142A1 EP04764768A EP04764768A EP1664142A1 EP 1664142 A1 EP1664142 A1 EP 1664142A1 EP 04764768 A EP04764768 A EP 04764768A EP 04764768 A EP04764768 A EP 04764768A EP 1664142 A1 EP1664142 A1 EP 1664142A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- terminated
- radical
- formula
- multiblock copolymers
- derived
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2/00—Addition polymers of aldehydes or cyclic oligomers thereof or of ketones; Addition copolymers thereof with less than 50 molar percent of other substances
- C08G2/30—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08G2/32—Chemical modification by after-treatment by esterification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L59/00—Compositions of polyacetals; Compositions of derivatives of polyacetals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
Definitions
- Polyoxymethylene multiblock copolymers their production and use.
- the present invention relates to new polyoxymethylene multiblock copolymers and their production and use, in particular as a molding composition for injection molding and extrusion for the production of moldings of any kind.
- Polyoxymethylene (hereinafter also referred to as "POM") is a high-performance polymer with good mechanical properties. However, its toughness leaves something to be desired, which is why POM is added to impact modifiers in some applications. Examples of these are elastomeric polyurethanes.
- suitable monomers such as 1,3,5-trioxane and 1,3-dioxolane, are polymerized cationically. This process does not allow the production of copolymers with very high molecular weights and correspondingly low melt viscosities.
- the conventional process typically can be POM homo- and copolymers produced whose melt index (MVR value 190 ° C / 2.16 kg to ISO 1133) 1 cm 3/10 does not fall below min.
- polyamides, polyesters or polyester amide block copolymers are known from WO-A-98 / 47,940, wherein a selected N, N ' carbonyl bislactamate is used as link chain. Similar processes are described in WO-A-01/40, 178 and WO-A-01/66, 633. According to this latter document, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates and polyether polyols can be chain-linked. In addition to polyethylene glycol or polytetramethylene glycol, polyoxymethylene is also mentioned as an example of polyether polyols.
- DE-A-2,837,526 discloses a process for the preparation of polymers with diphenol carbonate end groups.
- medium molecular weight polyether diols are reacted together with carbonic acid bisaryl esters and diphenols.
- the present invention provides new block copolymers.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that selected polyoxymethylene homopolymers or copolymers which are hydroxyl-terminated with special end groups can be converted into multiblock copolymers with selected chain linkers and selected polymers.
- the invention relates to multiblock copolymers containing the structural unit of the formula I.
- A is a residue derived from a polyoxymethylene homo- or copolymer
- R 1 is an alkylene radical having at least two carbon atoms or a
- R 2 is a direct carbon-carbon bond or an alkylene
- X is selected from -O-, -S- or -NH-,
- D is a divalent radical B which is a radical of a hydroxyl-terminated, mercaptan-terminated or amino-terminated polymer which is derived from
- Polyalkylene glycols polyvinyl ethers, polyvinyl ether copolymers with alkenes,
- Polyvinyl ester polyvinyl ester copolymers with alkenes, polyvinyl alcohols or
- Polyvinyl alcohol-alkene copolymers polyvinyl aromatics, polyacrylates,
- Polyimines, polyether ester elastomers (PEE), polyether amide elastomers (PEA), optionally hydrogenated polyalkadienes, polyurethanes, polyureas, Polysiloxanes or a hydroxyl-terminated triblock copolymer residue is -PAO-B-PAO- ⁇ , in which B has one of the meanings above and PAO is a polyalkylene oxide residue, and m is 0 or 1.
- alkylene radical is to be understood as a divalent branched or straight-chain aliphatic radical.
- Alkylene radicals can have further radicals and / or heteroatoms which are inert under production and processing conditions and which are built into the alkylene main chain or contain inert radicals which are substituents on the main chain.
- inert radicals built into the alkylene main chain are arylene radicals, such as ortho-, meta- or preferably para-phenylene radicals, cycloalkylene radicals, such as cyclohexylene, or heteroatoms, such as silicon, sulfur or monovalent organic radicals substituted with nitrogen, monovalent organic radicals especially oxygen.
- arylene radicals such as ortho-, meta- or preferably para-phenylene radicals
- cycloalkylene radicals such as cyclohexylene
- heteroatoms such as silicon, sulfur or monovalent organic radicals substituted with nitrogen, monovalent organic radicals especially oxygen.
- inert radicals built into the alkylene main chains is to be understood to mean that the inert radicals are built into the main chain with the exception of its ends.
- substituents of the main alkylene chain are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl radicals or inert groups or atoms which are covalently linked to the main alkylene chain. These include halogen atoms, such as chlorine, alkoxy groups, such as methoxy or ethoxy, aryl groups, such as phenyl, or aralkyl groups, such as benzyl.
- alkylene radicals have molecular weights of up to 1,000 g / mol, preferably molecular weights of 14 to 500 g / mol.
- Alkylene radicals R 1 must have at least two carbon atoms, while alkylene radicals R 2 can also have one carbon atom.
- a cycloalkylene radical is to be understood in the context of this description as a divalent cycloaliphatic radical, which is usually five to eight Has carbon atoms.
- Cycloalkylene radicals preferably have five to six ring carbon atoms and may have further groups which are inert under production and processing conditions, for example halogen atoms, such as chlorine, alkyl groups, such as methyl or ethyl, alkoxy groups, such as methoxy or ethoxy, aryl groups, such as phenyl, or aralkyl groups, such as benzyl ,
- an arylene radical is understood to mean a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon radical which usually has six to fourteen carbon atoms.
- Arylene radicals are preferably phenylene or naphthylene radicals and can have further groups which are inert under production and processing conditions, for example halogen atoms, such as chlorine, alkyl groups, such as methyl or ethyl, alkoxy groups, such as methoxy or ethoxy, aryl groups, such as phenyl, or aralkyl groups, such as benzyl.
- an aralkylene radical is understood to mean a divalent araliphatic radical which usually has seven to ten carbon atoms. Benzylidene is preferred.
- Aralkylene radicals can have further groups which are inert under production and processing conditions, for example halogen atoms, such as chlorine, alkyl groups, such as methyl or ethyl, alkoxy groups, such as methoxy or ethoxy, aryl groups, such as phenyl, or aralkyl groups, such as benzyl.
- alkyl radical of this specification means a monovalent branched or straight chain aliphatic group in the frame, which usually ⁇ "one to fifty, preferably one to thirty, and particularly Rushzugs having one to ten carbon atoms.
- Alkyl radicals can have further groups which are inert under production and processing conditions and which are monovalent substituents or are incorporated into the main chain. Examples of this are given above in the description of the alkylene radicals.
- substituents are halogen atoms, such as chlorine, alkoxy groups, such as methoxy or ethoxy, aryl groups, such as phenyl, or aralkyl groups, such as benzyl.
- a cycloalkyl radical is to be understood as a monovalent cycloaliphatic radical which usually has five to eight carbon atoms.
- Cycloalkyl radicals preferably have five to six ring carbon atoms and can have further groups which are inert under production and processing conditions, for example halogen atoms, such as chlorine, alkyl groups, such as methyl or ethyl, alkoxy groups, such as methoxy or ethoxy, aryl groups, such as phenyl, or aralkyl groups, such as benzyl ,
- an aryl radical is to be understood as a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon radical which usually has six to fourteen carbon atoms.
- Aryl radicals are preferably phenyl or naphthyl and can have further groups which are inert under production and processing conditions, for example halogen atoms such as chlorine, alkyl groups such as methyl or ethyl, alkoxy groups such as methoxy or ethoxy, aryl groups such as phenyl or aralkyl groups such as benzyl ,
- an aralkyl radical is to be understood as a monovalent araliphatic radical which usually has seven to ten carbon atoms. Benzyl is preferred.
- Aralkyl radicals can have further groups which are inert under production and processing conditions, for example halogen atoms, such as chlorine, alkyl groups, such as methyl or ethyl, alkoxy groups, such as methoxy or ethoxy, aryl groups, such as phenyl, or aralkyl groups, such as benzyl.
- the multiblock copolymers according to the invention have radicals A derived from polyoxymethylene homo- or copolymers and radicals D derived from selected polymers which are linked to one another by means of special chain linkers.
- the residues A are polyoxymethylene homopolymers or copolymers provided for chain linking after the removal of the unstable end groups. At both ends of a residue A are found Carbon atoms which carry end groups or are linked via chain linkers to a radical D or a further radical A.
- the proportion of radicals A derived from polyoxymethylene homo- or copolymers in the multiblock copolymer according to the invention can vary within wide limits and is usually between 10 to 99% by weight, preferably between 50 to 90% by weight, based on the multiblock copolymer according to the invention.
- the proportion of the residues D derived from selected polymers in the multiblock copolymer according to the invention can likewise vary within wide ranges and is usually between 1 to 90% by weight, preferably between 10 to 50% by weight, based on the multiblock copolymer according to the invention.
- the other structural units of the multiblock copolymer according to the invention present in addition to blocks A and D are derived from the chain linkers used and the end groups of the POM homo- or copolymers -OR 1 -OH used for chain linking and optionally have further structural units, for example from OR 1 -OH differing end groups, such as alkoxy groups, for example methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy, or ester groups, such as formate or acetate.
- the polyoxymethylene residues A (“POM residues”) are generally unbranched linear blocks which generally have at least 50 mol%, preferably at least 80 mol%, based on the residue A, in particular at least 90 mol%. Contain oxymethylene units (-CH 2 -O-).
- the molecular weights of the POM residues A in the copolymers according to the invention can vary within wide ranges.
- these radicals have recurring structural units of the formula - (CH 2 -O-) x , where x ranges from 100 to 10,000, preferably from 300 to 3,000.
- polyoxymethylene radicals here includes both radicals which are derived from homopolymers of formaldehyde or its cyclic oligomers, such as trioxane or tetroxane, and also polyoxymethylene copolymer radicals.
- POM copolymer residues are those polymer components which are derived from formaldehyde or its cyclic oligomers, in particular from trioxane, and from cyclic ethers, aldehydes, such as glyoxylic acid esters, cyclic acetals, which may or may not be substituted, and / or linear oligo- or polyacetals.
- the homopolymer residues are generally derived from the polymerization of formaldehyde or trioxane, preferably in the presence of suitable catalysts.
- ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, 1,3-butylene oxide, 1,3-dioxane, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,3-dioxepane and 1,3,6-trioxocane are considered to be cyclic Ethers and linear oligo- or polyformals, such as polydioxolane or polydioxepane, are mentioned as co-components.
- POM copolymers A are preferred in which polyoxymethylene residues contain 99.9-90 mol%. recurring structural units of the formula - (CH 2 -0-) x , preferably derived from trioxane, and 0.1 to 10 mol% recurring structural units derived from one of the aforementioned comonomers.
- POM copolymers A are particularly preferred in which polyoxymethylene blocks with 99.9-90 mol% repeating structural units of the formula - (CH 2 -O-) x , preferably derived from trioxane, and 0.1 to 10 mol% recurring structural units of the formula - (CH 2 -CH 2 -O-) z , where z is an integer of at least 1.
- Recurring structural units are also suitable as POM residues A, for example by reacting trioxane, one of the cyclic ethers described above and with a third monomer, preferably a bifunctional compound of the formula
- Preferred monomers of this type are ethylene diglycide, diglycidyl ether and diether from glycidylene and formaldehyde, dioxane or trioxane in a molar ratio of 2: 1, and diether from 2 mol of glycidyl compound and 1 mol of an aliphatic diol with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, such as, for example, the diglycidyl ether from ethylene glycol , 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, cyclobutan-1, 3-diol, 1, 2-propanediol and cyclohexan-1, 4-diol, to name just a few examples.
- the POM homo- or copolymers A are essentially linear and have at least 50%, preferably 60 to 100%, end groups of the formula -OR 1 -OH, where R 1 has the meaning defined above.
- branching agents can be used.
- the amount of branching agents is usually not more than 1% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers used to prepare the POM residues A, preferably not more than 0.3% by weight.
- R 1 is derived from an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diol HO-R 1 -OH.
- R 1 is preferably a radical of the formula -C n H 2n -, where n is an integer from 2 to 6.
- Particularly preferred radicals R 1 are - (CH 2 ) 4 -, - (CH 2 -CH (CH 3 )) -, - (CH 2 -CH 2 - 0) x -CH 2 -CH 2 - and very particularly preferably - CH 2 -CH 2 -, where x is an integer from 1 to 20.
- the end groups -OR 1 -OH can be produced in the preparation of the POM starting compounds by adding diols HO-R 1 -OH to the polyacetal-forming monomers, the end groups -OR 1 -OH being formed by chain transfer.
- a POM copolymer containing -OR 1 -O- units can be broken down by solution hydrolysis, for example in methanol / water with triethylamine, or by melt hydrolysis, for example by thermal degradation in the extruder, so that end groups -OR 1 -OH are formed.
- R 4 can be any end groups of POM homo- or copolymers. Examples of these are groups of the formulas -OH, -OR 5 , -O-CO-R 6 or in particular groups of the formula -0-R 1 -OH, in which R 1 has the meaning defined above, R 5 is an alkyl, cycloalkyl -, Aryl or aralkyl radical and R 6 is hydrogen or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical.
- the multiblock copolymers according to the invention contain residues D which are connected to residues A via selected chain linkers.
- the residues D are derived from selected hydroxyl-, mercaptan- or amino-terminated polymers according to the definition given above.
- the polymer starting materials typically have number average molecular weights of more than 1,000 g / mol.
- These polymers can be different chemical species, for example hydrocarbon or polysiloxane radicals, these radicals in turn having ether or ester groups in the main chain and / or optionally occurring side chains, for example representing polyalkylene oxide radicals.
- These polymers can be unsubstituted or substituted with additional radicals.
- substituents can be inert, that is, they cannot react under the production conditions of the block copolymer according to the invention, or they can be reactive and serve as a start for the formation of further chain links with POM blocks. In the latter case, branched / crosslinked multiblock copolymers according to the invention are formed.
- inert substituents are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups and alkoxy groups or halogen atoms.
- reactive substituents are hydroxyl groups.
- Polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetramethylene glycol come as polymers for the formation of blocks D.
- Polyvinyl ethers with free hydroxyl groups for example partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl ethyl ether, polyvinyl methyl ether or polyvinyl isobutyl ether, partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl ether copolymers with alkenes, such as polyvinyl methyl ether-ethylene copolymer, partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl esters, such as polyvinyl acetate, partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl ester copolymers, with copolymers with alkenes , Polyvinyl alcohols or polyvinyl alcohol-alkene copolymers, hydroxyl-terminated polyvinyl aromatics, hydroxyl-terminated polyacrylates, hydroxyl-terminated polymethacrylates, hydroxyl-terminated polyacetals which have no or up
- polymers for the formation of blocks D are hydroxyl-terminated triblock copolymer residues -PAO-B-PAO-.
- B has one of the meanings above, that is to say is derived from the polymers listed above
- PAO is a polyalkylene oxide radical, preferably a polytetramethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or in particular a polyethylene glycol radical.
- Such triblock copolymers are known from WO-A-01/0474.
- such triblock copolymers are used as component D if their molecular weight exceeds 1,000 g / mol.
- X is preferably -O-, i.e. the blocks D are preferably derived from hydroxyl-terminated polymers.
- Preferred blocks D are derived from polymers which have hydroxyl end groups and which are selected from the group consisting of polyethers, polyesters, polyether esters, polyether amides, polyurethanes or triblock copolymers derived from optionally hydrogenated polyalkadiene which is coated on both sides with a poly (alkylene oxide) Block is linked.
- Particularly preferred blocks D are derived from polyalkylene oxides.
- polyalkylene oxides examples of this are polyethylene oxide (PEO), polypropylene oxide (PPO), polytetramethylene glycol, and copolymers containing these units, in statistical order or as Blocks, such as block copolymers of the PEO-PPO-PEO type.
- Further particularly preferred blocks D are derived from polyester.
- polyester examples include aliphatic polyesters such as polyethylene adipate or polyethylene sebacate, or polylactones such as poly- ⁇ -caprolactone.
- Further particularly preferred blocks D are derived from vinyl aromatic polymers.
- An example of this is polystyrene, which is terminated with hydroxyl groups.
- Further particularly preferred blocks D are derived from polyacrylates or methacrylates which are functionalized at the end groups with amino, mercaptan or in particular with hydroxyl groups.
- Further particularly preferred blocks D are derived from polyamides.
- polyamides include aliphatic polyamides, such as polyhexamethylene adipic acid amide or polyhexamethylene sebacic acid amide, or polylactams, such as poly- ⁇ -caprolactam, and the corresponding polyimines, which can be obtained by hydrogenating these polyamides.
- Particularly preferred triblock copolymers PAO-B-PAO are residues of the PEO-Pol-PEO type, in which Pol is optionally hydrogenated polybutadiene, optionally hydrogenated polyisoprene, polyisobutylene or polydimethylsiloxane.
- Blocks A and D are linked according to the invention via selected chain extenders which form the structural element -R 1 -O-CO- (R 2 -CO-) m -X-.
- any other combinations of blocks can be formed, such as AAD, ADD, ADAD, AAAD, ADAA, ADDA, AADD or others, which in the case of an AD or AA linkage via the structural element -R 1 -0-CO- (R 2 -CO-) m -X- and in the case of a DD linkage are coupled to one another via the structural element -X-CO- (R 2 -CO-) m -X-.
- unreacted constituents of the reaction mixture such as HX-D-XH and / or R 4 -A-0-R 1 -OH, can also be present.
- the chain linkers are derivatives of carbonic acid, such as esters of carbonic acid or activated urea derivatives, or esters or half esters of dicarboxylic acids, or dianhydrides of tetracarboxylic acids.
- care must be taken that they are at least partially soluble in the mixture to be reacted under processing or reaction conditions, so that they are available for chain linking.
- “sufficiently soluble” is understood to mean a solubility of at least 1 mmol / kg.
- a preferred example of a diaryl ester of carbonic acid is diphenyl carbonate.
- Diesters of oxalic acid in particular diphenyl or dimethyl esters, are also preferred.
- Preferred examples of diesters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids are diphenyl ester or dimethyl ester of isophthalic acid or terephthalic acid.
- Preferred examples of diesters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are diphenyl esters or dimethyl esters of adipic acid or sebacic acid.
- a preferred example of a dianhydride of tetracarboxylic acids is oxy-bis-phthalic anhydride.
- a preferred example of an activated urea derivative is N, N'-carbonyl-bis-caprolactamate.
- Multiblock copolymers in which R 1 is -CH 2 -CH 2 - are preferred.
- Preferred components for forming the blocks D are hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes and in particular hydroxyl-terminated polyalkylene glycols, in particular the polyethylene glycols, and also block copolymers or statistical copolymers with polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide units.
- Block copolymers are particularly preferred in which D is a radical - (CH 2 -CHR 7 ) q - which may optionally additionally contain co-units derived from alkenes, in particular from ethylene or propylene, in which R 7 is a group --OR 8 or -O-CO-R 8 , R 8 represents hydrogen or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical, in particular a methyl or ethyl radical, and q represents an integer from 2 to 5,000, part of the radicals R 7 can also mean -O-, which is connected to further blocks A.
- D is a radical - (CH 2 -CHR 7 ) q - which may optionally additionally contain co-units derived from alkenes, in particular from ethylene or propylene
- R 7 is a group --OR 8 or -O-CO-R 8
- R 8 represents hydrogen or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aral
- D is a radical - (C s H 2s -0-) t
- s is an integer from 2 to 12
- t is an integer from 6 to 25,000, preferably from 20 to 1,000.
- D is derived from hydroxyl-terminated polyesters, preferably from aliphatic polyesters or from aliphatic / cycloaliphatic polyesters.
- examples include polyester derived from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or butylene glycol Cyclohexanedimethanol as alcohol components and of adipic acid or sebacic acid as acid components, or of polylactones, such as poly- ⁇ -caprolactone.
- the production of the multiblock copolymers according to the invention is based on the knowledge that POM homopolymers or copolymers with selected end groups can be converted into multiblock copolymers together with selected polymers in the presence of selected chain linkers and using selected catalysts.
- the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of multiblock copolymers comprising the reaction of POM homopolymers or copolymers of the formula II with homopolymers or copolymers of the formula III and with at least one chain linker of the formula IV
- the chain linkage is usually carried out in the presence of catalysts which promote the formation of covalent bonds between the end groups -0-R 1 -OH of the POM homo- or copolymer of the formula II and / or the end groups of the homo- or copolymer of the formula III and promote the chain linker of formula IV.
- catalysts which promote the formation of covalent bonds between the end groups -0-R 1 -OH of the POM homo- or copolymer of the formula II and / or the end groups of the homo- or copolymer of the formula III and promote the chain linker of formula IV.
- These are Lewis acids or Lewis bases.
- catalysts used according to the invention are typically suitable as catalysts used according to the invention. According to the invention, these catalysts are used in amounts of 0.1 ppm to 10,000 ppm, in particular 1 ppm to 1,000 ppm, based on the mixture to be reacted.
- Lewis acid catalysts LiX, Sb 2 0 3, Ge0 2, BX 3, MgX 2, BiX 3, SnX ⁇ SbX 5, FeX 3l GeX4, GaX 3, HgX 2, ZnX 2, AIX 3, PX 3l TiX 4 , MnX 2 , ZrX 4 , [R 4 N] + q A q " , [R 4 P] + q A q ⁇ , where X is a halogen atom, ie I, Br, CI, F and / or a group - Can be OR or -R, where R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, q is an integer from 1 to 3 and A is a q-valent anion, for example halide, sulfate or carboxylate, and sulfonium salts or titanyl compounds.
- Lewis base catalysts are metal salts of carboxylic acids, preferably the alkali and alkaline earth salts, in particular the lithium salts, such as lithium versatate; or complexes of metals with acetylacetone, preferably the alkali and alkaline earth complexes, in particular lithium acetylacetonate; or alkoxylates or phenolates of metal seeds, preferably of alkali or alkaline earth metals; or tertiary amines, especially trialkylamines or cyclic tertiary amines, such as diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO), dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), guanidine or morpholine; or organic tin compounds such as dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin bis (2-ethylhexanoate), dibutyltin dibutyrate, dibutyltin dimethylate, dibutyltin dio
- Lithium acetylacetonate, sodium phenolate, sodium methoxylate, lithium methoxylate, lithium chloride or sodium acetylacetonate is particularly preferably used.
- the POM homo- or copolymers of the formula II can be prepared by processes known per se. For this purpose, a monomer forming a -CH 2 -0- unit or a mixture of different monomers with customary catalysts, if appropriate together with a solvent and / or with regulators, at a temperature between -78.degree. C. and 300.degree bar, for example at pressures between 2 and 500 bar, (co) polymerized.
- Anionic polymerization of formaldehyde is also possible, it being possible to introduce OR 1 -OH end groups by reaction with ethylene oxide.
- the polymerization mixture In bulk polymerization, the polymerization mixture is in fluid form or solidifies in the course of the polymerization in the case of unpressurized polymerization. Instead of this, it is also possible to work in inert solvents. Examples include aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, glycol ethers or cyclic ethers such as THF or 1,4-dioxane.
- the molecular weight of the polymers of the formula II can optionally be adjusted by using the regulators known per se in the production of POM.
- regulators are dihydric alcohols of the formula HO-R 1 -OH, in which R 1 has the meaning defined above, and small amounts of water. These alcohols or the water can act as chain transfer agents.
- the regulators are usually used in amounts of up to 50,000 ppm, preferably from 100 to 3,000 ppm.
- Suitable catalysts or initiators are the cationic starters usually used in the production of POM homo- or copolymers.
- Examples include protonic acids, such as fluorinated or chlorinated alkyl and arylsulfonic acids, for example trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesuifonic acid anhydride, or Lewis acids, such as tin tetrachloride, arsenic pentafluoride, Phosphorus phthalofluoride and boron trifluoride, as well as their complex compounds and salt-like compounds, such as boron trifluoride etherate and triphenylmethylene hexafluorophosphate.
- the catalysts or initiators are usually used in amounts of from 0.01 to 1,000 ppm, preferably from 0.03 to 100 ppm, based on the monomer (mixture).
- pressure and temperature in the polymerization zone are to be selected such that monomers and polymer are present in a homogeneous or finely dispersed distribution, preferably completely dissolved in one another or at least finely divided so that a dispersion is present in which the monomers can still be incorporated. This is the case with the values given above for the reaction pressure or the reaction temperature.
- the polymerization is preferably carried out at temperatures from 70 to 200 ° C. either without pressure or at pressures from 5 to 50 bar.
- the duration of the polymerization can vary within a wide range and typically ranges from 0.1 to 20 minutes.
- the polymerization time is preferably 0.4 to 5 minutes.
- the polymerization can take place in the reactors known for the production of POM homo- or copolymers.
- tubular reactors designed with static mixers are used, which are designed for temperature control and pressure resistance; instead, the reaction can also be carried out in kneaders or extruders.
- the polymerization mixture is further treated in a conventional manner.
- the polymerization is usually followed by deactivation, degassing and packaging of the mixture.
- the deactivation is carried out by adding deactivators Reaction mixture.
- deactivators Reaction mixture examples include ammonia, amines, alcohols, basic salts or water.
- POM copolymers containing -0-R 1 -0- groups can be used, in which these end groups are generated by hydrolysis. This is typically done as part of the deactivation described above in an alkaline environment or by targeted thermal degradation of terminal - (CH 2 -0) - units until a -0-R 1 -0- unit occurs.
- the end groups -OR 1 -OH can, however, already be generated in the preparation of the POM homo- or copolymers of the formula II by adding diols HO-R 1 -OH to the polyacetal-forming monomers in small amounts that the end groups -0-R 1 -OH are formed by chain transfer and recurring structural units derived from the polyacetal-forming monomers form in the interior of the chain.
- the compounds of formein II, III and IV can be reacted in any reactor, for example in stirred tanks, static mixers or in particular in extruders or in kneaders.
- the compounds of the formulas II, III and IV are preferably fed to the reactor individually or as a mixture together with the respective catalyst and reacted with one another in the gas stream and / or in vacuo.
- the reaction is accelerated by the treatment in a gas stream and / or in a vacuum and the reaction times are shortened accordingly.
- gases which do not or do not significantly degrade the reaction mixture can be used as gases.
- gases are air or preferably inert gases such as nitrogen or noble gases.
- Preferred catalysts for the chain linking reaction are the alkali or alkaline earth metal salts of acetylacetonates, in particular lithium acetylacetonate or Sodium acetylacetonate, and / or alkali salts of alkoxylates or phenolates, in particular sodium phenolate, sodium methoxylate, lithium methoxylate and / or lithium halides, in particular lithium chloride.
- reaction temperatures are typically more than 60 ° C., preferably 100 to 240 ° C., in particular 150 to 220 ° C.
- the reaction time is typically 0.5 to 60 minutes.
- the quantity selection of the compounds of the formulas II, III and IV can vary within wide ranges.
- an amount of POM homo- or copolymer of the formula II and of end-functionalized homo- or copolymer HX-D-XH of the formula III is used such that the content of the end groups present at the start of the chain linkage - O- R 1 -OH and -XH ranges from a quarter to four moles.
- the molar ratio of chain linker to the sum of the end groups present at the beginning of the chain linkage is -0-R 1 -OH and -XH of the polymer of the formula III from 1: 1 to 1: 2.
- the reaction is carried out by mixing the compounds of the formulas II, III and IV, if appropriate the catalyst and if appropriate further additives and by thermally treating the mixture in a gas stream and / or in vacuo for such a period of time until the desired Molecular weight gain was achieved. Temperatures are selected such that the reaction mixture is in the liquid phase or a liquid phase is formed in the reaction mixture.
- a shaped structure is first produced from a mixture of the compounds of the formulas II, III and IV, if appropriate the catalyst and if appropriate further additives. This is then thermally treated in a gas stream and / or in a vacuum for such a period of time until the desired one Molecular weight gain was achieved. Temperatures are selected so that the reaction mixture is in the solid phase.
- This solid phase reaction makes it possible to produce molded parts from multiblock copolymers with a very high molecular weight which cannot be processed or can only be processed with difficulty on conventional shaping tools such as extruders.
- compositions containing compounds of the formulas II, III and IV in granular form by means of this solid phase reaction.
- the multiblock copolymers according to the invention containing the structural units of the formula I are distinguished from the starting products of the formulas II and III by an increased molecular weight, which is noticeable in a reduction in the melt index.
- the POM used homo- or copolymers of the formula II have (kg MVR values 190 ° C / 2.16, ISO 1133), in general melt indices greater than 2 cm 3/10 min, preferably from 5 to 200 cm 3/10 min, in particular from 24 to 70 cm 3 / 10min.
- the melting points of the POM homopolymers or copolymers of the formula II used are typically in the range from 100 to 175 ° C. (measured with DSC at a heating rate of 10K / min).
- the multiblock copolymers according to the invention can be used for molded parts of any kind, in particular for the production of fibers, foils, tubes, rods or profiles.
- the processing of the multiblock copolymers of the invention can be made by blow molding, injection molding or extrusion, or the molecular weight increase occurs at already formed 'bodies.
- the invention therefore also relates to the use of the multiblock copolymers for the purposes mentioned above.
- the co-component in the multiblock copolymers according to the invention generally has a favorable effect on the impact strength of the products, the use of further impact modifiers, such as elastomeric polyurethanes, is not absolutely necessary. Depending on the envisaged application, such components can, however, be added in individual cases. The mixing of such components into conventional POM homopolymers or copolymers can even be simplified, since the multiblock copolymers can act as phase mediators (compatibilizers).
- the invention also relates to the use of the multiblock copolymers as phase mediators in compositions containing polyoxymethylene homo- and / or copolymers, the use of the multiblock copolymers as impact modifiers and compositions comprising polyoxymethylene homo- and / or copolymers and the multiblock copolymers.
- the multiblock copolymers or compositions according to the invention can contain further additives known per se, which can be added during the manufacture or after the manufacture of the polymeric precursors or the multiblock copolymers.
- additives are processing aids, such as antioxidants, acid scavengers, formaldehyde scavengers, UV stabilizers, heat stabilizers, adhesion promoters, lubricants, nucleating agents or mold release agents, fillers, reinforcing materials or antistatic agents; or additives which impart a desired property to the molding composition, such as dyes and / or pigments and / or impact modifiers and / or additives which impart electrical conductivity; and mixtures of these additives, but without restricting the scope to the examples mentioned.
- the multiblock copolymers according to the invention can be processed by mixing the finely divided, for example powdered or granulated, components and subsequent thermoplastic processing, or by mixing the components in suitable heatable mixing units. Suitable mixing units and processes are described, for example, in: Saechtling, Kunststoff-Taschenbuch, Hanser Verlag, 27th edition 1998, on pages 202 to 217, to which reference is made.
- the advantageous processing temperatures are usually in the range from 180 to 230 ° C., in particular between 190 to 210 ° C.
- the raw materials. (POM powder, stabilizers, chain linkers, polymer co-component HX-D-XH and catalyst: a total of 50 g) were premixed in a plastic bag.
- the housing temperature of the kneading chamber of the Brabender PlastiCorder was set to 200 ° C and a filling funnel (accessory of the Brabender kneader) was placed on the kneading chamber.
- the powder mixture (50 g total) was poured into the funnel while the kneader was running (40 rpm) and then pressed into the kneading chamber by a displacer (wedge-shaped punch) with a bearing weight of 5 kg.
- the mixture began to melt and as soon as the melting process was complete (short-term torque drop), the filling funnel was removed and the lid with the purge gas supply line and the exhaust pipe was replaced instead. Now the recording of the torque began, which was stopped after a total of 60 minutes (after filling in the powder mixture). After opening the kneading chamber, the reaction mixture was removed for further investigation and characterization. Tables 1a and 1b below list the formulations used and the results of the characterization after 1 hour of kneading.
- Table 1b Characterization of the products after kneading for 1 hour at 200 ° C.
- the tests were carried out on a ZE 25 twin-screw extruder from Berstorff. A membrane pump MD 8 C Vacuubrand was connected to the vacuum dome.
- the starting materials (POM powder, polymer D, stabilizers, chain linkers and catalyst) were premixed in a RIOA powder mixer from Diosna and metered into the feed zone of the extruder via a S210 meter from KTron Soder.
- Tables 2a, 2b and 2c below show the recipes and parameters used in the extrusion tests and the results of the characterizations of the materials obtained.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10340976A DE10340976B4 (de) | 2003-09-05 | 2003-09-05 | Polyoxymethylen-Multiblockcopolymere, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
PCT/EP2004/009810 WO2005023897A1 (de) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-03 | Polyoxymethylen-multiblockcopolymere, deren herstellung und verwendung |
Publications (1)
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EP1664142A1 true EP1664142A1 (de) | 2006-06-07 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP04764768A Withdrawn EP1664142A1 (de) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-03 | Polyoxymethylen-multiblockcopolymere, deren herstellung und verwendung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7795357B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1664142A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5016308B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10340976B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005023897A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE10340977B4 (de) * | 2003-09-05 | 2006-04-13 | Ticona Gmbh | Polyoxymethylen-Homo- und Copolymere, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
EP1844917A3 (de) | 2006-03-24 | 2008-12-03 | Entex Rust & Mitschke GmbH | Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von zu entgasenden Produkten |
FR2910877B1 (fr) | 2006-12-28 | 2009-09-25 | Eurocopter France | Amelioration aux rotors de giravions equipes d'amortisseurs interpales |
DE102007059299A1 (de) | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-20 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Verarbeitung von zu entgasenden Produkten |
JP5830951B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-15 | 2015-12-09 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 新規な樹脂およびその製造方法 |
DE102013000708A1 (de) | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-17 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Verfahren zur Extrusion von Kunststoffen, die zum Kleben neigen |
DE102015001167A1 (de) | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-04 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Entgasen bei der Extrusion von Kunststoffen |
DE102017001093A1 (de) | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-26 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Entgasen bei der Extrusion von Kunststoffen mit Filterscheiben aus Sintermetall |
DE102015008406A1 (de) | 2015-07-02 | 2017-04-13 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Produkten im Extruder |
DE102016002143A1 (de) | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Füllteilmodul in Planetwalzenextruderbauweise |
DE102017006638A1 (de) | 2017-07-13 | 2019-01-17 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Füllteilmodul in Planetwalzenextruderbauweise |
Family Cites Families (19)
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NL216498A (de) * | 1955-11-30 | |||
NL299211A (de) * | 1962-10-15 | |||
US3364157A (en) * | 1964-06-30 | 1968-01-16 | Celanese Corp | Diisocyanate coupling of oxymethylene polymer and dissimilar organic polymer |
US3505292A (en) * | 1964-09-30 | 1970-04-07 | Celanese Corp | Stabilization of oxymethylene polymers by hydrolysis |
BE758501A (fr) * | 1969-11-05 | 1971-05-05 | Celanese Corp | Composition a base de polymere oxymethylenique modifie et procede de stabilisation de ce polymere |
DE2536121A1 (de) * | 1974-08-19 | 1976-03-04 | Basf Wyandotte Corp | Oberflaechenaktive block-polyoxyalkylencopolymere |
DE2837526A1 (de) * | 1978-08-28 | 1980-03-20 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von polymeren mit diphenolcarbonat-endgruppen |
US4535127A (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1985-08-13 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Polyacetal copolymers and process for production thereof |
JPS60170652A (ja) * | 1984-02-14 | 1985-09-04 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ポリアセタ−ルエラストマ−組成物およびその製法 |
US4808689A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1989-02-28 | Olin Corporation | Process for producing polyurethane polyacetal elastomers and the product so produced |
US5306769A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1994-04-26 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Acetal copolymer and process for producing same |
JPH04114022A (ja) * | 1990-09-05 | 1992-04-15 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 生分解性ポリアセタールブロック共重合体 |
WO1998047940A1 (en) | 1997-04-22 | 1998-10-29 | Dsm N.V. | High-molecular polyamide |
DE19845235C2 (de) * | 1998-10-02 | 2002-05-16 | Ticona Gmbh | Verbundkörper aus Polyacetal und Styrol-Olefin-Elastomeren und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
WO2001009213A1 (fr) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-02-08 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Copolymere bloc de polyacetal |
JP2001114980A (ja) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-04-24 | Polyplastics Co | ポリアセタール樹脂組成物 |
NL1013728C2 (nl) | 1999-12-02 | 2001-06-06 | Dsm Nv | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van een carbonzuurderivaat. |
NL1014604C2 (nl) | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-11 | Dsm Nv | Werkwijze voor ketenverlenging. |
JP3621380B2 (ja) * | 2001-01-10 | 2005-02-16 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 樹脂組成物及び帯電防止剤 |
-
2003
- 2003-09-05 DE DE10340976A patent/DE10340976B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-09-03 JP JP2006525714A patent/JP5016308B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-03 US US10/570,643 patent/US7795357B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-03 WO PCT/EP2004/009810 patent/WO2005023897A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-09-03 EP EP04764768A patent/EP1664142A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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See references of WO2005023897A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2005023897A1 (de) | 2005-03-17 |
DE10340976A1 (de) | 2005-04-28 |
US20060160938A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
US7795357B2 (en) | 2010-09-14 |
DE10340976B4 (de) | 2006-04-13 |
JP5016308B2 (ja) | 2012-09-05 |
JP2007504332A (ja) | 2007-03-01 |
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