EP1645827B1 - Panneau chauffant à chauffage indirect - Google Patents

Panneau chauffant à chauffage indirect Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1645827B1
EP1645827B1 EP04023770A EP04023770A EP1645827B1 EP 1645827 B1 EP1645827 B1 EP 1645827B1 EP 04023770 A EP04023770 A EP 04023770A EP 04023770 A EP04023770 A EP 04023770A EP 1645827 B1 EP1645827 B1 EP 1645827B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
panel
pipe coil
flow
heating panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04023770A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1645827A1 (fr
Inventor
Vladan Prof. Dr. Petrovic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Metall GmbH
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Phoenix Metall GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phoenix Metall GmbH filed Critical Phoenix Metall GmbH
Priority to EP04023770A priority Critical patent/EP1645827B1/fr
Priority to AT04023770T priority patent/ATE516473T1/de
Publication of EP1645827A1 publication Critical patent/EP1645827A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1645827B1 publication Critical patent/EP1645827B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0226—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with an intermediate heat-transfer medium, e.g. thermosiphon radiators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a non-pressurized, filled with a filling liquid panel radiator, consisting of one or more heating plates and a built-in coil heating element through which flows heating water, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a heating device for heating systems with a flow and a return at least one radiator and at least one cavity has become known, wherein between the flow and the return line runs a heating line through which a heating fluid, preferably a liquid, flows through, wherein in the at least one cavity containing a heat conduction fluid, which may also be a liquid.
  • the heating line is designed as a tube and is provided in the form of at least one heating coil, preferably a plurality of heating coils; the heating cable can also be provided as profiling on the components of the radiator inside.
  • the radiator or its cavity is constructed by at least two in particular halves components that have the profiling or profiling that form the heating or heating cables at the latest by joining the components.
  • the heating line passes through the radiator or its cavity such that at least one convective movement of the heat conduction fluid is favored.
  • the heating line is provided such that at least two convection circulation of the heat conduction fluid, wherein in the lower region of the radiator or the cavity an elongated loop is present, wherein substantially in the middle of the radiator, a vertically extending loop from the lower region to upper Area of the radiator extends.
  • the radiator without internal pressure of the heat conduction fluid is operable. In this heater is characteristic that the coil over the entire length of the radiator extends, which means that always forms a "warm pad" at the top of the radiator, so that no circulation movement of the filling liquid in the heating plate is established.
  • the circulation movement of the filling liquid is absolutely necessary because of the efficient heat transfer.
  • the heat transfer coefficient depends on the heat transfer from the coil to the filling liquid, either around the pipe or along the pipe.
  • the object of the invention is based on the object to further develop a plate heater of the type mentioned and show how a heating element must be installed in a conventional hot plate that, taking into account the laws of physics, the plate radiator optimal flow dynamics and associated the maximum heat transfer coefficient can be achieved.
  • references D3, D4 and D5 are similar to the solution in D1; Apart from that, these solutions basically differ from the basic idea, which is the subject of the present invention.
  • the aim of the present invention is that one modifies the existing concept of the conventional panel heater production insignificant while producing a new type of panel radiators, made of thin sheet, 0.4- 0.8 mm, while the operating pressure of 70 bar can withstand.
  • the conversion of production to the new type of panel radiators does not cause any major losses in heating performance.
  • the conversion to the new production form makes it possible to save millions of tons of sheet steel worldwide.
  • the solution is given how to incorporate a heating coil in principle in the existing configuration of a conventional hotplate with the inclusion of the laws of fluid dynamics and heat transfer and thus achieves the highest heat output in the hotplate.
  • the heating plate In order to achieve a sufficient circulation movement of the filling liquid in the heating plate, the heating plate must be divided into the “warm” and the “cold” area.
  • the “warm” area is understood as meaning the proportion of area of the heating plate in which the heating element is installed, in this area forms an ascending flow;
  • the "cold” area is understood to mean the area of the heating plate in which no heating element is placed, in which area a sloping flow forms.
  • the rising and falling currents must be separated from each other, either by the existing impressions in the existing heating plate or by the specially designed internals - eg U-profiles, L-profiles or flat profiles.
  • the flow resistances in the circulating movement of the filling liquid must be kept to a minimum so that the flow rate of the filling liquid around the heating element becomes sufficiently large to maintain the heat transfer coefficient from the heating element to the filling liquid large enough.
  • the calculations show that the use of the indirect heating radiators only makes sense if the heat transfer coefficient from the heating element to the filling liquid is on the order of 600W / m 2 K. It follows that the surface portions of the heating plate with rising flow and the surface portions of the heating plate with sloping flow must be in a certain relationship to one another. Likewise, the heating surface of the heating element to the outer surface of the heating plate must be in a certain ratio.
  • the heating water flows through the vertical channels from top to bottom.
  • the temperature profiles across the length of the heating plate differ, and thus the heat transfer coefficient from the heating plate to the room air becomes smaller and smaller over the length of the plate, since the water value mxCp becomes smaller and smaller from channel to channel.
  • the heat transfer ratios over the entire length of the heating plate are kept sufficiently constant. This has the consequence that the stationary state is achieved very quickly in a hotplate according to the invention.
  • the flow rate of the filling liquid around the coil must reach a certain value.
  • the flow rate of the filling liquid is in turn dependent on the circulation movement of the filling liquid in the heating plate.
  • the circulation movement can only be caused if a certain flow dynamics in the heating plate is fulfilled.
  • the heating plate In order to ensure the favorable flow dynamics in the heating plate, the heating plate must be divided into the "warm area” and the “cold area”.
  • the term "warm area” is understood to mean the proportion of the area in which the heating coil is installed, and the "cold area” means the proportion of the heating plate area without a coil.
  • the tube of pipe ⁇ 10 x 0.5 mm made of steel, copper, VA, aluminum or other good heat conducting material is used.
  • This pipe can withstand a pressure of up to 70 bar, which makes it possible to use these radiators in high-rise buildings.
  • these radiators can be used where aggressive media in the heating system are present.
  • the coil should have a larger diameter - and on the other, the thickness of the usual hot plate, which is usually 16- 20 mm is limited.
  • the channel cross-section In order to maintain the circulation movement of the filling liquid in the heating plate, it is important that in the ascending channel, the channel cross-section is large enough so that the flow resistance can be kept low. It is also important that the cross-sectional conditions, ie channel cross-section to the pipe cross-section, must be in a certain ratio to each other in order to meet the above requirements. The calculations show that this ratio must be in the range (1.7 - 2.5): 1.
  • the shell in the usual Schuplatten pellet is made of sheet metal (1.2-1.25 mm).
  • the two trays (a heating plate) measuring 600 mm x 1000 mm weigh approx. 11.52 kg - 12 kg.
  • the shell can be made of sheet 0.5 mm and accordingly weighs a hot plate only 4.8 kg.
  • the new type of pressureless plate radiator which is filled with liquid and made in a similar manner as the usual panel radiators, is that this is made with a sheet thickness of 0.4 to 0.8 mm.
  • a coil of about 10 - 12 m in length is required, which is made of tube ⁇ 10 x 0.5mm.
  • the weight of the coil is 1.19 kg and thus the total weight of the heating plate is 5.99 kg - 6 kg.
  • the other possibility is to make the coil in "transverse arrangement", for example, to install the pipes in a horizontal arrangement, wherein the height of the coil is about half the height of the heating plate occupies.
  • At the two ends of the coil are each a "U-profile" attached to the gravity currents in the ascending and in the sloping area to separate from each other, so that a mixing of the partial flows does not occur.
  • the coil is mounted in only one half of the heating plate, with the "warm half” - half of the heating plate in which the coil is placed - from the “cold half” by means of a " U-profile "or an” L-profile "are separated so that the cold and the warm flow are not mixed together.
  • embossments are provided over the entire shell surface, which hold the two shells together by spot welding.
  • the coil is arranged so that the heating tube 17 is inserted in each second channel 18.
  • the channels 18 are ascending, since the circulating water is warmed up by the heating tube 17 and rises high.
  • a circulating movement of the water is caused in the hot plate, in the way that always alternately a channel 18 ascending and a channel 19 next to it is descending.
  • the coil is installed to a certain length of the heating plate, wherein in each channel 18, the heating tube 17 is inserted and the whole, covered with coil snake area is considered ascending and the tubeless area 19 is considered descending. This will cause a circulating movement of the heat transfer medium - Eg water mixed with cryoprotectant - caused by the height of the hot plate.
  • FIG. 3 the possibility is shown that the shells are not made with embossed channels, but with round, circular, imprints, FIG. 3A which allow the two shells to be fixed together by spot welding and the heating coil to be installed in a horizontal arrangement between the two shells.
  • the indentations 20 hold the spiral and position the spiral.
  • At the two ends of the coil U-profiles 21 are mounted, which prevent the rising and the falling stream 19 a mix and thereby the circulation movement of the water is impaired.
  • the slats can be attached by spot welding, which intensify the heat transfer to the outside.
  • the heating plate is partly covered over the height with the coil and partly over the length. In this way, the entire Schuplattensynthesis is divided on the heating and cooling surface.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the panel heater according to the invention with built-in tube coil shown in a horizontal design.
  • the coil is installed over the whole height and up to a certain length of the panel radiator.
  • the area ratio of the panel heater which is not covered with the coil serves as the descending portion 19a.
  • the coil In the gravitational flow within the heating plate, the coil is mounted up to a certain length of the heating plate, wherein in the channel 18a, the coil is inserted and the whole, covered with the heating coil area, as ascending 18a and the tube empty area 19a as descending. This causes the circulating movement of the filling liquid over the length and height of the heating plate.
  • the coil is attached to the two ends of the heating plate, ie in the middle of the heating plate is the sloping flow 19a and at the ends of the heating plate, the ascending Flow 18a.
  • the U-profiles 21 prevent the superimposition of the two flows.
  • Heating supply and return connections are mounted on different sides of the heating plate.
  • FIG. 6 For example, the design of a panel radiator 24 with two heating plates 25 and two fins 26 is shown.
  • the design of a complete radiator corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 6 ,
  • the heating plate 25 is factory-filled with the heat transfer fluid and sealed airtight after filling by means of the closure screw 27. Before closing the heating plate 25, the air is partially evacuated - by means of a device for generating vacuum - so that it does not come to pressure build-up in the expansion of the heat transfer medium in its heating in the heating plate 25.
  • the radiator 24 is supplied factory-filled for distribution. When filling the heating plate 25 with the heat transfer medium, a volume is provided which can compensate for the expansion of the heat transfer medium.
  • the content of the filling liquid is approx. 3 kg.
  • Chemically treated water is used as the filling liquid, with the addition of a coolant and an inhibitor against corrosion.
  • the so filled heating plates 25 remain filled during the life of the radiator with chemically treated water. This prevents corrosion in the heating plate.
  • the problem can be solved by making the coil of stainless material or of ordinary steel with a coating of the inner surface of the coil with an agent that is resistant to corrosion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Panneau chauffant exempt de pression, rempli d'un fluide de remplissage, consistant en une ou plusieurs plaques chauffantes et en un corps de chauffe incorporé comme serpentin (17) à travers lequel circule l'eau de chauffage, caractérisé en ce que, ou bien
    a) des canaux verticaux (18, 19) sont constitués par des empreintes en cavité des plaques chauffantes et le serpentin (17) est incorporé agencé à la verticale dans les empreintes en cavité, un flux de gravitation du fluide de remplissage étant engendré de sorte qu'il se produit à l'intérieur de la plaque chauffante, dans les canaux (18) dans lesquels est incorporé le serpentin (17), un flux chaud ascendant, et dans les canaux (19) sans serpentin, un flux froid descendant, ou bien
    b) les plaques chauffantes (24) sont fabriquées en tant que plaque plane avec des éléments incorporés (21) et le serpentin (17) est inséré agencé à l'horizontale entre les plaques planes de manière à ce qu'une certaine partie seulement de la plaque chauffante est recouverte jusqu'à une certaine longueur du panneau chauffant par le serpentin (17), un flux de gravitation du fluide de remplissage étant engendré à l'intérieur de la plaque chauffante, de sorte qu'un flux chaud ascendant (18a) du fluide de remplissage est engendré dans les zones de la plaque chauffante qui sont recouvertes par le serpentin (17) et un flux froid descendant (19a) dans les zones de la plaque chauffante qui ne sont pas recouvertes par le serpentin (17),
    de sorte que, dans les deux alternatives, il y ait toujours seulement une partie de la plaque chauffante recouverte par le serpentin (17) dans laquelle se forme le mouvement ascendant du fluide de remplissage et, dans la partie de la plaque chauffante non recouverte par le serpentin se forme le mouvement descendant du fluide de remplissage, le flux ascendant et le flux descendant étant séparés l'un de l'autre ou bien par des empreintes en cavité ou bien par les éléments incorporés, afin d'éviter qu'ils ne se mélangent entre eux.
  2. Panneau chauffant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les parts de surface de la plaque chauffante qui sont recouvertes par le serpentin (17) se situent dans un rapport de 3 jusqu'à 4,5 à 1 par rapport aux parts de surface de la plaque chauffante qui ne sont pas recouvertes par le serpentin (17).
  3. Panneau chauffant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, selon l'alternative (b), caractérisé en ce que, pour empêcher qu'il y ait mélange entre le flux ascendant et le flux descendant (18a, 19a) du fluide de remplissage, la séparation de la surface chauffante qui est recouverte par le serpentin de la surface chauffante sans serpentin se fait au moyen de deux profilés en U ou de profilés en L (21) ou de profilés plats.
  4. Panneau chauffant selon la revendication 1, selon l'alternative (a), caractérisé en ce que le serpentin (17) est installé ou bien
    a) dans un canal sur deux (18) de la plaque chauffante, ou bien
    b) dans chacun des canaux (18) disposés dans un agencement à la verticale dans la plaque chauffante, jusqu'à une longueur déterminée de la plaque chauffante.
  5. Panneau chauffant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux profilés en U (21) ou les profilés en L (21) ou les profilés plats qui séparent le flux autour du serpentin (17) du flux descendant (19a) s'étendent sur toute la hauteur de la plaque chauffante, seul un intervalle restant ouvert pour le changement de direction du flux ascendant (18a) dans le flux descendant (19a).
  6. Panneau chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1, 2, 4, selon l'alternative (a) caractérisé en ce que la section du canal (18) empreint en cavité dans la plaque chauffante se situe dans un rapport de 1,7 jusqu'à 2,5 à 1 par rapport à la section tubulaire du serpentin.
  7. Panneau chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, pour obtenir la puissance de chauffe optimale, la surface de chauffe de la plaque chauffante et la surface de chauffe du serpentin (17) doivent se situer dans un rapport de 3,5 jusqu'à 5 à 1 l'une par rapport à l'autre.
  8. Panneau chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la longueur du serpentin (17), partant d'un diamètre extérieur de ø 10 mm, est constituée d'un seul tenant et ne doit pas dépasser 10 m.
  9. Panneau chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que, pour la longueur maximale d'un corps de chauffe, la longueur de corps de chauffe allant jusqu'à 3 m, deux ou plusieurs serpentins (17) sont montés en parallèle dans une plaque chauffante.
  10. Panneau chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que deux ou plusieurs plaques chauffantes sont assemblées, les serpentins (17) étant réunis entre eux au moyen de pièces en T (27).
  11. Panneau chauffant selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les serpentins (17) sont incorporés dans une coque (25) et hermétiquement enfermés par une deuxième coque (25), l'eau de chauffe étant uniformément répartie sur deux plaques de chauffe sur les serpentins (17) incorporés dans les coques (25), des lamelles (26) étant maintenues par soudage par points sur les côtés intérieurs des plaques de chauffe.
  12. Panneau chauffant selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la plaque chauffante est fabriquée dans une tôle d'une épaisseur comprise entre 0,4 et 0,8 mm.
  13. Panneau chauffant selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1, 3 ou 5, selon l'alternative (b), caractérisé en ce que le serpentin est mis en place seulement sur une moitié de la plaque chauffante, la « moitié chaude », à savoir la moitié sur laquelle le serpentin est monté étant séparée de la « moitié froide » au moyen d'un profilé en U ou d'un profilé en L.
  14. Panneau chauffant selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1, 3 ou 5, selon l'alternative (b), caractérisé en ce que le serpentin est installé aux deux extrémités de la plaque chauffante, de sorte que le flux descendant (19a) se trouve au milieu de la plaque chauffante et le flux ascendant (18a) aux extrémités de la plaque chauffante.
EP04023770A 2004-10-06 2004-10-06 Panneau chauffant à chauffage indirect Not-in-force EP1645827B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04023770A EP1645827B1 (fr) 2004-10-06 2004-10-06 Panneau chauffant à chauffage indirect
AT04023770T ATE516473T1 (de) 2004-10-06 2004-10-06 Plattenheizkörper mit indirekter beheizung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04023770A EP1645827B1 (fr) 2004-10-06 2004-10-06 Panneau chauffant à chauffage indirect

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1645827A1 EP1645827A1 (fr) 2006-04-12
EP1645827B1 true EP1645827B1 (fr) 2011-07-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04023770A Not-in-force EP1645827B1 (fr) 2004-10-06 2004-10-06 Panneau chauffant à chauffage indirect

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1645827B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE516473T1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019099834A1 (fr) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-23 The Trustees Of Princeton University Procédé et appareil de rayonnement thermique

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2007760C2 (nl) * 2011-11-09 2013-05-13 I P Consultancy Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van verwarmingsradiatoren, en bijbehorend(e) appendagesysteem en verwarmingsradiator.

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB695628A (en) * 1950-02-13 1953-08-12 John William Richings Improvements in or relating to heating appliances
FR1555783A (fr) * 1967-12-06 1969-01-31
DE1912441A1 (de) * 1969-03-12 1970-10-01 Gerhard & Rauh Heizkoerper
JPS55160298A (en) * 1979-05-31 1980-12-13 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Heat panel
DE19653440A1 (de) * 1996-12-20 1998-06-25 Kermi Gmbh Heizvorrichtung, bevorzugt aus Kunststoff

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019099834A1 (fr) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-23 The Trustees Of Princeton University Procédé et appareil de rayonnement thermique
US11815287B2 (en) 2017-11-16 2023-11-14 The Trustees Of Princeton University Thermally radiative apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE516473T1 (de) 2011-07-15
EP1645827A1 (fr) 2006-04-12

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