EP1634684B1 - Procédé pour fixer des éléments de construction aux murs ou aux plafonds et construction obtenue par ce procédé ainsi que son utilisation - Google Patents

Procédé pour fixer des éléments de construction aux murs ou aux plafonds et construction obtenue par ce procédé ainsi que son utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1634684B1
EP1634684B1 EP05108429A EP05108429A EP1634684B1 EP 1634684 B1 EP1634684 B1 EP 1634684B1 EP 05108429 A EP05108429 A EP 05108429A EP 05108429 A EP05108429 A EP 05108429A EP 1634684 B1 EP1634684 B1 EP 1634684B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
components
blocks
wall
ceiling
anchors
Prior art date
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EP05108429A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1634684A3 (fr
EP1634684A2 (fr
Inventor
Ernst-Werner Ruhbaum
Siegfried Reddel
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Mediterana & Co KG GmbH
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Mediterana & Co KG GmbH
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Publication of EP1634684A3 publication Critical patent/EP1634684A3/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0053—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to tiles, bricks or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for fixing components to ceilings and / or walls as well as to a building produced by such a method and its use.
  • the present invention relates to a building, with at least one wall and / or ceiling, which is covered by fixed to a supporting part of the wall or ceiling components, which are generally uneven, but at least have a flat side, wherein the wall or ceiling is made by a corresponding method.
  • Such a method and corresponding wall elements are known from the DE 36 02 537 , This describes a multilayer, panel-shaped prefabricated Bauel element, especially for facades, with a back-bearing concrete layer and a front visible outer layer, which consists of natural stone.
  • natural stone slabs are provided with anchors and a thermal barrier coating and then a concrete layer is poured, the anchors penetrate into the concrete layer.
  • the DE 102 52 394 A1 describes a method for blending wall structures and a corresponding plate.
  • slices of natural stone are placed on a thin sand bed in a form whose irregular outer contour corresponds to the later plate shape.
  • a binder layer is applied, which may for example consist of mortar or a plastic foam.
  • the panels so veneered are used as prefabricated components.
  • these components are not load-bearing walls or ceilings and are also unsuitable for veneering with solid blocks, since only disc-shaped facing elements have such a favorable ratio of weight and shape with respect to held in the binder surface that they are safe only by the binder being held.
  • FR 2845 402 A1 From the FR 2845 402 A1 is a method for producing so-called washed concrete slabs known.
  • pebbles are applied to a sand bed and then a concrete layer is poured onto the pebbles, which connects with the pebbles.
  • plates are formed, which are suitable as floor or wall coverings and their surfaces are formed by pebbles embedded in a concrete layer.
  • ceilings In many structures, it is desirable to cover walls or ceilings with components that generally have a non-structural function for the structure but perform other functions. For example, it has long been known to disguise ceilings with acoustic components (sound absorbers) or suspended structures. Ceilings and, above all, walls are often covered with decorative elements, such as wainscoting, or an outer thin layer of bricks, clay bricks or natural stones. This applies both to interiors and to external facades, with external facades also being clad with other structural elements, such as stone, metal, plastic or glass plates, which are fastened to the exterior walls of a building with the aid of suitable fastening constructions.
  • decorative elements such as wainscoting, or an outer thin layer of bricks, clay bricks or natural stones.
  • the present invention is particularly directed to structures and methods for their manufacture, in which walls or ceilings are covered with natural components, in particular with solid blocks of natural building material, of course, also structures manufactured and appropriate methods can be applied when blocks of artificial material , For example, in special form or with special surface appearance poured concrete blocks or the like, be used as cladding elements.
  • the present invention is concerned with the manufacture of a building which is to be used as a sauna or wellness room, the interior walls and ceilings of the walls of a salt tunnel, in particular a salt mine tunnel with large blocks of crystalline salt are modeled, with natural blocks of salt crystals as a wall and or ceiling cladding.
  • the panel creates as natural a surface as possible which is not affected by artificial accessories, which therefore does not reveal any mounting and fastening elements, nor any grout, which may possibly hold them together or sealing several blocks could be used.
  • the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a building and a method for its production, which has at least partially covered with components ceilings or walls whose visible side can be very irregular and no aids to recognize the attachment of the components while still allowing the attachment of solid and difficult to be fastened components.
  • Claim 15 relates to a with such
  • the cladding is produced simultaneously with supporting structures of the structure, in particular the ceiling of a building.
  • the production of a substantially flat surface on each of the components is not a particularly critical feature, but rather is merely to produce a substantially closed surface on the wall and in particular a ceiling facing surface of the components in total by a plurality of mosaic-like arranged components to be able to adapt a casting over a large area and tight and can be easily sealed if necessary before applying a casting. Otherwise, there would be a risk that the casting material would pass through joints necessarily formed between the components and then interfere with the appearance of the lining formed by the latter on the outside of the components.
  • Each of the components is then provided with at least one armature which protrudes from the (approximately) planar surface of the component.
  • These are each provided with at least one, preferably in each case with at least two anchors components according to the invention arranged on or on a formwork in such a way that their flat surfaces, from which the anchors protrude, form a common surface substantially, the wall or Ceiling area corresponds and which need not necessarily be flat, but may for example also be curved, but in general has no strong surface structure with undercuts or the like.
  • the invention provides that initially on a formwork a sand bed is applied, in which the blocks are each embedded so deep that their upper, approximately planar surfaces substantially form a common flat surface or a curved surface, the curvature of the formwork or the curvature of a desired ceiling or wall shape corresponds. It is understood that in such a case buckling only as far as possible, as a corresponding sand bed holds on the formwork. Possibly, however, the sand can also be provided with a binder in order to be able to emulate more pronounced curvatures or inclinations of a surface according to this method with the blocks.
  • the surface roughness of the planar surfaces of the individual elements is less than 1 cm, more preferably still less than 5 mm and in particular less than 2 mm, e.g. B. 1 mm.
  • the surface roughness of the surface formed by the tiled components, apart from the joints between the components, should be less than 2 cm, preferably less than 1 cm and in particular less than 5 mm.
  • the surface roughness can be defined as the root of the mean square deviation of the height and depth of any structures from a mean value.
  • a casting compound is applied to the flat surfaces of the components, wherein the protruding parts of the anchor necessarily be embedded in the casting compound and produce a solid composite of the components with the cured casting compound after curing of the casting, wherein the cured casting the actual supporting part of a Wall or ceiling forms.
  • the casting compound is very viscous and at the same time the components can be arranged like a mosaic with very narrow, almost vanishing joints, a further seal before applying the casting compound is not required.
  • it should be in the manufacture of structures, especially when used as a casting concrete, which may also be relatively liquid or from the liquid ingredients such as water or concrete milk leak may be required, the spaces between the components before the Applying the casting compound to seal. This, of course, is greatly simplified if the components are arranged on their later not visible in the building back substantially planar components and in a common plane or common surface.
  • a plastic to viscous grout can then be introduced into the intermediate spaces from this flat side of the components, in each case only up to a depth which corresponds to less than one third to one tenth of the thickness of the components, for example 2-5 cm, so that the sealing or grout is not visible from the opposite side and the grout is intended only to prevent penetration of the casting material through the joints.
  • a variant of the method according to the invention is particularly preferred in which the sealing of the intermediate spaces or joints between the individual components takes place by placing a common cover foil.
  • This cover film covers the entire surface of the mosaic folded components (on the later invisible back) and thus automatically also all gaps and joints between adjacent components and is pierced only in the region of outstanding from the flat surfaces of the components anchor.
  • the surface formed by the mosaic-like components is substantially flat or smooth and has no pronounced projections or depressions and in particular no higher levels between adjacent components. Smaller surface structures in the millimeter range and even small steps at the junctions between adjacent components of less than 5 mm in height are readily tolerated because they can be easily compensated by the film.
  • a cover film were stretched over it for example over several centimeters upwardly protruding projections and correspondingly high steps, then it could be applied during the application of a heavy casting compound, such as e.g. Concrete, easily come to a rupture of the film at these points, which is better avoided by a flat surface as possible.
  • the film can be additionally sealed.
  • the anchors are provided in the form of threaded bolts. Such bolts require a matching round hole, which can be made suitable when laying the film on the components, ie initially only on the anchors, over each anchor. Eventually, the anchors can also simply be pushed through the film.
  • the anchors or bolts could also be provided with a corresponding sharp-edged (circular) end which acts like a punching iron.
  • a washer when using such or similar anchors, a washer could first be slid onto the anchor before the film pierced by the anchor is placed over it, and finally another washer could be slid onto the anchor from above and placed on the film and tightened by a nut with the two washers pinching the film in between.
  • some silicone sealant could be added to the film or between the washers, which pushes when squeezing the washers in all spaces between anchor and foil, thus ensuring a secure seal.
  • the anchor which, as already mentioned, preferably in the form of bolts, are suitably fastened with dowels in the respective component, wherein it is expedient for some building materials and in particular for salt crystals when the dowels are glued into corresponding pre-drilled holes.
  • the sealing method is used by means of a film, then it has furthermore proven to be expedient if, after the application and sealing of the film, first a thin layer of screed is applied to the film which now seals and covers the surfaces of the components.
  • This screed layer provides a smooth and smooth adaptation of the film to the surface formed by the components and at the same time forms a protective layer for the film against the subsequently applied concrete.
  • the screed layer e.g. can be up to 2 cm thick, in any case must be so thin that the protruding from the elements anchor in any case still sufficiently far penetrate through the screed layer to produce the solid bond with the applied thereon casting compound, in particular a reinforced concrete can.
  • appropriate reinforcing bars and reinforcing materials are mounted or placed on the screed layer before applying the casting compound or the concrete.
  • the screed serves to protect the sealing film, which could otherwise be easily damaged by the application of the reinforcing iron.
  • Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which at least part of the reinforcing iron is firmly connected to the anchors.
  • this is done by eyelets, which have threaded lugs, are screwed onto the anchor provided in the form of bolts and thereafter rebars are inserted through these eyelets. If the reinforcements are placed over the screed layer and as possible each anchor is firmly connected to any reinforcing iron, which can be done for example by hooking hooks in the eyes of the anchor, concrete is preferably applied as a casting compound on the screed layer.
  • the formwork that initially carried the entire structure can be removed, with the sand in which the structural elements were embedded also falling off the finished construction.
  • a ceiling or wall can then be cleaned with compressed air or a jet of water.
  • blocks of an at least partially transparent material are used as components.
  • These include, inter alia, salt crystal blocks into consideration, which are more or less transparent depending on the contamination and inclusions and depending on the degree of crystallization.
  • the inventive method can be used both for the production of ceilings and for the production of walls, wherein the walls can be prepared by the method described above in prefabricated construction and then erect and connect with other wall elements.
  • an embodiment of the method according to the invention is particularly preferred in which bores for the admission of light sources are introduced from the rear side of the components or from their planar surface.
  • This variant is particularly useful if at least partially transparent components are used.
  • this variant of the method could be useful if the holes are made continuously, so that the open ends of the holes on the visible side of the components could serve as light sources.
  • the introduction of optical fibers into such bores is particularly preferred, although, as an alternative, light-emitting diodes could also be introduced into these bores.
  • the Lichtleitfasem or corresponding leads for light emitting diodes could be performed, for example, by thin tubes on the back of the components through a wall or in an area between the components and the supporting part of the wall to the outside and connected there with corresponding primary light sources or power sources.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved in that the wall and / or ceiling is produced by a method according to one of claims 1 to 14, so that the approximately flat surfaces of the components are arranged such that they essentially define a common plane or curved surface, wherein on the flat side of the supporting part of the wall or ceiling forming molding compound is applied and wherein in an opening of the planar surfaces of the components introduced and fixed anchors protrude from the flat surface and in the Casting compound are embedded, and so form a solid bond between the cured casting and the components.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of a building according to the invention is characterized in that walls and / or a ceiling of the building are each covered to more than 30% with massive salt crystal blocks.
  • a building is preferred which defines a space over which the entire ceiling and at least the upper third of the walls are substantially completely covered with salt crystal blocks.
  • a part of the blocks have internal light sources, which are introduced by holes made from their back.
  • Such light sources are in the preferred embodiment of the invention, optical fibers which are connected to a remote primary light source, or light-emitting diodes.
  • the individual blocks of a building according to the invention should cover on average more than 200 cm 2 and in particular between about 300 and 600 cm 2 of the wall or ceiling surface. Blocks of this size are on the one hand reasonable to handle and can easily be carried by a person and spent on the spot, but on the other hand, not too small, so as to keep the workload for the production of a wall covering as low as possible.
  • the width of the blocks is at least about 15, their height at least about 10 and also their depth at least about 10 cm
  • the maximum dimensions for width, height and depth are preferably 35, 25 and 25 cm, but deviations from these dimensions readily permissible and possible, and the dimensions are based essentially on practical aspects such as handling and processing costs. In this sense, dimensions in the range of the maximum and minimum dimensions given above are currently considered optimal.
  • the blocks especially if they are natural stone or salt blocks, are so carved and mosaic-like along their circumference that the gap area remaining between the blocks is less than 10% and preferably less than 5% of the total area covered by the blocks , In this way, one can ensure an overall picture of the wall cladding, which, for example, is very close to the wall of a corresponding salt mine tunnel.
  • the anchors introduced into the blocks are designed as threaded bolts and, moreover, according to a preferred variant, are provided with anchoring lugs, which are screwed onto the threaded bolts via a corresponding threaded lug. Furthermore extend through these anchoring eyelets in the preferred embodiment of the invention reinforcing iron of the casting or attached to the reinforcing iron hook parts.
  • this is designed as a spa and / or sauna room.
  • a sauna room lined with large and voluminous salt crystals provides the user with an extremely pleasant climate, and has very good moisture and heat regulation properties. Also, the air of such a room is enriched in a special way with volatile components of the salt crystals and ionized to a certain extent, which is generally regarded as health-promoting.
  • FIG. 1 a total of 20 designated concrete ceiling, which consists of a salted with salt crystals 1 concrete layer 3, which by FIG. 1 Reinforcing irons not shown (see 12 in Fig. 2 ) is reinforced.
  • a screed layer 5 including a sealing film 4, and in the lowest level, which is visible from the underlying space under the ceiling 20, you can see blocks of salt crystals 1, which cover the underside of the ceiling 20 and cover completely.
  • anchors 2 are shown, which extend from bores in the salt crystal blocks 1 into the concrete layer 3 into it.
  • additional threaded anchoring rings 6 through which preferably reinforcing bars 12 extend, as in the enlargement according to FIG FIG. 2 is shown in more detail.
  • the salt crystal block 1 shown there has a substantially flat top surface 13 and otherwise slightly irregular shaped surfaces, the side surfaces are still slightly hewn, so that the blocks fit together a good mosaic, while the bottom is shaped very irregular and the state reflected salt salt from a salt mine, so that the wall or ceiling is very close to the appearance of walls or ceilings of a salt mine tunnel.
  • the illustrated salt crystal 1 has approximately the shape of a cuboid, although it may of course also have a pentagonal or hexagonal or irregular plan, which fits into a given or resulting from the assembly of multiple blocks mosaic structure.
  • This cuboid has two introduced into its upper flat surface 13 mounting holes 11, in each of which a dowel 10 is glued.
  • each anchor bolt 2 is screwed with a corresponding external thread.
  • the anchoring bolt 2 is preferably a bolt with a continuous external thread.
  • a film 4 which is pierced by the threaded bolt 2.
  • a first washer 7 is first slid below the film 4 on all threaded bolts 2, which first comprises a threaded bolt 2, then the film is above it attached and finally a second washer is slid over the bolts 2 and placed on the film 4, so that the film is bordered in the region of each threaded bolt 2 of two washers.
  • the second sealing disc silicone sealant is sprayed around each individual threaded bolt 2 around the film, so that when placing the upper washer 7, the sealing silicone compound 9 well into the gap between the threaded bolt and the film 4 and the washers. 7 pushes.
  • the upper washer 7 is finally tightened or countered by a screwed onto the threaded bolt 8 nut 8.
  • the film 4 is still a screed layer 5, in FIG. 1 hatched and the in FIG. 2 is indicated only by a dashed line upper boundary line 5.
  • the screed layer completely covers the film, the washers and the clamping nuts 8 and forms a flat and dense protective layer for the film 4 around the bolts 2.
  • reinforcing bars for the concrete layer to be applied to the screed layer 5 are placed above the screed layer 5, whereby a part of the reinforcing bars 12 extends through the anchoring loops 6.
  • all threaded bolts 2 are provided with corresponding anchoring eyelets 6 and that also extends through all anchoring eyelets 6 each a reinforcing bar 12 or a hook is passed through the eyelets 6, on the other hand is attached to one of the reinforcing bars or with a further hook end embraces a reinforcing iron.
  • a concrete layer 3 is poured onto the screed layer 5, the foil being protected by the screed layer 5 against the action of coarse-grained concrete components.
  • the arrangement of the salt crystal blocks 1 in the in FIG. 1 recognizable manner takes place before applying the film, the screed layer and the concrete layer in a sand bed, which was applied to a slab formwork. This is in FIG. 3 shown in more detail. In the order of manufacture, therefore, first the slab formwork 14 is prepared and then a thick sand bed 16 is applied to the slab formwork.
  • the individual salt crystal blocks 1 are prepared in such a way that first their substantially planar surface 13 is prepared, for example by sawing larger blocks, and that subsequently introduced the holes 11, the dowels are inserted or glued and the threaded bolt 2 in the holes 11th or the dowels 10 are screwed in, wherein the screwing in of the bolts preferably takes place before the curing of the dowel adhesive. Then the individual salt crystal blocks 1 placed in the sand bed 16 and embedded so deep that they define as possible with adjacent salt crystal blocks a common, planar surface. The side surfaces of the individual salt crystal blocks are expediently cut so that only very narrow joints 17 remain between the individual blocks 1. Again, it should be noted that the proportions in FIG.
  • the joints are generally narrower in relation to the size of the salt crystal blocks and the salt crystal blocks otherwise well divergent from each other forms, ie are not necessarily cuboid but, apart from the irregular surface structure, generally have the basic shape of any parallelepiped.
  • these blocks are initially also placed on a separate sand bed and according to their floor plan form mosaic so that the entire cross-sectional area of the joints 17 remains as small as possible and the joint width is kept relatively low everywhere.
  • the individual crystal blocks can then be correspondingly numbered transferred to the actual formwork, to then be arranged there in the same way in the sand bed 16.
  • the first, lower washers 7 are pushed onto the threaded bolt 2 and then the film 4 is applied, wherein it is pierced by the threaded bolt 2. It may be expedient if the upper edge of the threaded bolt 2 is deliberately sharp-edged to punch at the location of the threaded bolt 2 each matching holes in the film 4. Thereafter, as already mentioned, a thin silicone strand is applied around the bolt on the film, the second washer 7 is placed and tightened by the nut 8. Thereafter, the screed layer 5 can be applied, optionally also before the anchoring rings 6 can be screwed onto the bolt 2. Then, as already mentioned, the application of the reinforcing bars 12 and the casting of the concrete layer 3. When the concrete 3 has cured sufficiently, the formwork 14 can be removed together with the sand bed 16 thereon and then optionally the now exposed bottom of the salt crystal blocks including the joints 17 between them with compressed air or cleaned with a jet of water.
  • a bore 18 in the crystal block 1 is shown, with corresponding holes 18 are provided at least in part of the crystals, preferably in all crystals.
  • a schematically indicated optical fiber 19 Projecting into the bore 18 can be seen a schematically indicated optical fiber 19, which can be passed through the film 4 via a hose, not shown.
  • threaded sleeves could be used, which could be used and sealed like the bolts 2, but are hollow to to be able to pass a corresponding optical fiber 19.
  • a light-emitting diode could be arranged in the bore 18.
  • the anchoring bolts 2 may be formed as hollow shafts with a central bore, with the lower end face of the dowel 10 would have to be removed.
  • hoses for the passage of glass fibers or power supplies for light emitting diodes could be pushed through the hollow anchoring shafts 2 to the top of the holes 11, in which case, however, these feedthrough hoses would have to be sealed against corresponding screw sleeves 2.
  • a masonry wall cladding of salt crystal blocks is in section in FIG. 4 shown.
  • FIG. 4 you can see the cross section of a brick wall of salt crystal blocks 1.
  • a load-bearing wall 21 made of concrete or bricks or the like.
  • the salt crystal blocks 1 are trimmed so that they have somewhere in the middle or near their outer, visible area contact with each other and rest on each other, while the rear, the supporting wall 21 facing portion of the Joints 17 is filled with a mortar-like two-component adhesive, which also produces an adhesive bond of the blocks 1 with the supporting wall 21.
  • Each of the blocks still has a bore 18 with an inserted optical fiber 19, wherein the optical fibers 19 are passed together by means of hoses together between the supporting wall 21 and the veneer layer of the blocks 1 and at a common or a few points out through the Wall 21 can be passed.
  • a light source is located away from the salt crystal blocks 1 and illuminates a whole bundle of optical fibers which individually extend into and illuminate the various salt crystal blocks 1 from inside, so that the substantially transparent salt crystal blocks represent lighting elements and the wall as a whole acts as a luminous wall , This brings out the aesthetic effect of the individual salt crystal blocks particularly well.
  • optical fibers and corresponding power cables could be performed in a similar manner by hoses within the screed layer 5 or along the joints near the film 4 and at a few points from there to the outside, if this appears simpler in the context of the concrete production of a ceiling or wall ,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Claims (24)

  1. Procédé pour fixer des éléments de construction massifs présents sous forme de blocs (1) aux plafonds (3) et/ou aux murs (3), comportant les caractéristiques suivantes :
    a) fabriquer ou sélectionner pour une surface (13) approximativement plane chacun des éléments de construction,
    b) introduire et fixer au moins chacun des induits (2) dans au moins chacune des ouvertures (11) de la surface plane (13) des éléments de construction (1) de façon à ce que, respectivement une partie de l'induit (2) fait saillie par rapport à la surface plane (13),
    c) appliquer une des pièces support d'un mur (3) ou d'un plafond constituant la masse de remplissage (3) sur les surfaces planes (13) les pièces protubérantes de l'induit (2) étant encastrées dans la masse de remplissage (3) et formant selon le durcissement de la masse de remplissage (3) un composite de l'élément de construction (1) avec la masse de remplissage durcie (3) caractérisée en ce que
    d) avant l'étape (c) agencer des éléments de construction (1) respectivement sur un coffrage (14) sur lequel est appliqué un lit de sable épais (16) dans lequel les blocs (1), des faces planes (13) sont encastrées vers le haut, si profondément au moyen de l'induit (2) que leurs surfaces planes (13) définissent essentiellement une surface collectivement plane ou bombée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de construction (1) sont agencés essentiellement sous forme d'une mosaïque par recouvrement de surface.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les joints (17) restants avant l'application d'une masse de remplissage (3) sont rendus étanches entre les éléments de construction (1)
  4. Procédé, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un film de couverture (4) commun, qui est seulement traversé par les parties protubérantes de l'induit (2) hors des surfaces planes (13) des éléments de construction (1), est appliqué sur les surfaces planes (13) des éléments de construction.
  5. Procédé, selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les points de percée du film (4) sont respectivement rendus étanches séparément dans la zone de l'induit (2) contre un passage à travers la masse de coulée (3).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les induits (2) sont fixés à l'aide des chevilles (10) collées dans l'élément de construction dans les blocs (1).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 4 ou l'une quelconque des revendications rattachées à la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que tout d'abord un fin enduit de sol (5) est appliqué sur le film (4) dont l'épaisseur est nettement moins importante que la longueur des sections d'induits (2) faisant saillie par rapport aux surfaces (13) planes des éléments de construction (1).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le béton est utilisé en qualité de masse de remplissage (3), le béton étant renforcé par des fers d'armature (12).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que avant la pose de la masse de remplissage (3) les fers d'armature (12) sont solidaires avec les induits (2) des éléments de construction. (1).
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les blocs (1) composés au moins en partie d'un matériau transparent sont utilisés en tant qu'élément de construction (1).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que des blocs de cristaux de sel (1) sont utilisés en tant qu'élément de construction (1).
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les blocs (1) sont disposés en couche les uns par rapport aux autres, à la façon d'un mur de pierre naturel et sont reliés l'un à l'autre par une colle à deux composants, de type mortier, selon le mélange en substance minérale, en particulier une résine époxy à deux composants.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la colle à deux composants de type mortier est appliquée seulement dans la zone d'un panneau arrière (13) non visible du mur constitué sur et entre les éléments de construction (1) par les éléments de construction (1).
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, sont mis en place des alésages (18) pour le logement des sources lumineuses, (19) dans la face arrière des éléments de construction (1).
  15. Construction comportant au moins un mur (3), et/ou un plafond (3) qui est recouvert par des éléments de construction (1) fixés sur une pièce support du mur (3) ou plafond (3), qui en général sont inégaux mais présentent au moins une face plane, caractérisée en ce que le mur et/ou plafond est construit selon un procédé décrit dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, de sorte que les surfaces approximativement planes (13) des éléments de construction (1) sont agencées de telle façon qu'elles définissent essentiellement une surface commune ou bombée, où est introduite sur la surface plane, une des pièces support du mur ou masse de remplissage constituant le plafond, des induits introduits et fixés faisant saillie par rapport à la surface plane (13) dans une ouverture des surfaces planes des éléments de construction et lesdits induits sont encastrés dans la masse de coulée et forment ainsi un composite entre la masse de coulée durcie et les éléments de construction.
  16. Construction selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que le mur (3) et/ou le plafond (3) de la construction sont recouverts avec plus de 30 % de blocs (1) de cristal de sel massifs.
  17. Construction selon la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que le plafond (3) et au moins un tiers supérieur des murs (3) sont recouverts respectivement et essentiellement et complètement de blocs de cristal de sel (1).
  18. Construction selon la revendication 15, selon laquelle sont utilisés en tant qu'éléments de construction (1), des blocs (1) composés au moins en partie de matériau transparent, caractérisé en ce que, au moins une partie des éléments de construction (1) sont éclairés par l'arrière ou à partir de leur face arrière (13) par des sources lumineuses (19) introduites dans les alésages.
  19. Construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 18, caractérisée en ce que les éléments de construction (1) recouvrent en moyenne et respectivement plus de 200 cm2 et en particulier entre 300 et 600 cm2 d'une surface de mur ou d'une surface de plafond (3).
  20. Construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 19, caractérisée en ce que les éléments de construction (1) sont façonnés le long de leur périphérie et sont assemblés sous forme de mosaïque de telle sorte que la face de joint restant entre les éléments de construction (1) constitue moins de 10 % et de préférence moins de 5 % de la surface couverte totale des éléments de construction (1).
  21. Construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 20, caractérisée en ce que les induits sont constitués en tant que boulons filetés.
  22. Construction selon la revendication 21, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une partie des induits (2) est vissée au moyen d'un oeillet d'attache (6) pourvu d'un filetage adapté.
  23. Construction selon la revendication 22, caractérisée en ce que des fers d'armature (12) de la masse de coulée (3) ou des pièces de crochet fixées aux fers d'armature (12) passent à travers les oeillets d'attache (6).
  24. Utilisation d'une construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 23 en tant que salle de remise en forme et/ou de sauna.
EP05108429A 2004-09-14 2005-09-14 Procédé pour fixer des éléments de construction aux murs ou aux plafonds et construction obtenue par ce procédé ainsi que son utilisation Active EP1634684B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004044258A DE102004044258A1 (de) 2004-09-14 2004-09-14 Verfahren zum Befestigen von Bauelementen an Decken und/oder Wänden und mit einem solchen Verfahren hergestelltes Bauwerk

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EP1634684A2 EP1634684A2 (fr) 2006-03-15
EP1634684A3 EP1634684A3 (fr) 2007-08-01
EP1634684B1 true EP1634684B1 (fr) 2011-04-20

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006049335A1 (de) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-24 Fischerwerke Artur Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg Anker, Befestigungsanordnung und Verfahren zur Erstellung der Befestigungsanordnung
DE102007014496B8 (de) * 2007-03-22 2008-11-27 Damian Dronia Verlegware und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen
DE102008031355A1 (de) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-14 Prometheus Projektgesellschaft für rationelles 3D formen mbH Herstellung von Bauelementen, insbesondere von Wand- oder Fassadenelementen
DE102009004689B4 (de) 2009-01-12 2015-09-03 KönigsSalz Ltd. & Co. KG Aufbausystem für Salzsteinkonstruktionen
DE202009000437U1 (de) 2009-01-12 2009-03-19 KönigsSalz Ltd. & Co. KG Aufbausystem für Salzsteinkonstruktionen
DE102011120386A1 (de) * 2011-10-13 2013-04-18 Mentim GmbH Modulelement

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1217151A (fr) * 1958-12-02 1960-05-02 Guinet & Cie Perfectionnements aux procédés de construction
AT315448B (de) * 1972-01-13 1974-05-27 Rath Anton Vorgefertigtes Verkleidungselement
DE3602537C2 (de) 1986-01-29 1995-03-23 Ibach Steinkonservierungen Verfahren zum Herstellen mehrschichtiger, plattenförmiger Fertigteilbauelemente
JPH03147970A (ja) * 1989-11-02 1991-06-24 Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd 発光体を内蔵したテラゾー
DE19632014A1 (de) * 1996-08-08 1998-02-12 Snejko Olga Die Mikroklimatische Salinenkammer (MSK)
WO2001007728A1 (fr) * 1999-07-28 2001-02-01 Uralita Productos Y Servicios, S.A. Composition indiquee pour la fabrication de plaques de silicate
JP2001191318A (ja) * 2000-01-17 2001-07-17 Kido Toshihiro マイナスイオン生成製品
DE20106922U1 (de) * 2001-04-20 2002-08-29 Wagner, Volker, 22765 Hamburg Bauelement
DE10121591C1 (de) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-14 Juergen Rothermel Fertigteilbauelement
EP1539079A1 (fr) * 2002-03-12 2005-06-15 Wiktor Tsymbal Chambre a sel pour intervention therapeutique
FR2845402B1 (fr) 2002-10-08 2005-08-26 Art Beton Dalle de decoration avec effets galets, et procede de fabrication
DE10252394B4 (de) 2002-11-12 2010-01-07 Ernst Ries Verfahren zum Verblenden von Mauerstrukturen und Platte hierfür

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ATE506158T1 (de) 2011-05-15
DE102004044258A1 (de) 2006-04-06
EP1634684A3 (fr) 2007-08-01
EP1634684A2 (fr) 2006-03-15
DE502005011268D1 (de) 2011-06-01

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