Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
  • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
  • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
  • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
  • Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
  • Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
  • Y10T428/31982—Wood or paper
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
  • Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
  • Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
  • Y10T428/31986—Regenerated or modified
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
  • Y10T428/31989—Of wood

Definitions

• the invention relates to a wood-based panel according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
• Wood fiber boards are made of fibrillated wood, depending on the fiber web formation in the aqueous or gaseous medium, the production is carried out by the wet process or the dry process. The shredding of the pre-shredded wood (chips) takes place after a hydrothermal pretreatment in a disc refiner. Synthetic binders are added to the pulp in a dry process. In the wet process wood fiber boards can be produced using the inherent bonding properties of the pulp without additional binder, with the fiber entanglement is important. After fiber web formation, the wood fiber boards are pressed using heat and pressure. Wood fiber boards are coated on a large scale, z. B. with melamine resin films, films or paints. They are used in furniture and interior design, but also in interior doors, for packaging purposes, in construction, etc. Application. Porous wood fiber boards are used for heat and sound insulation purposes.
• wood chips are hot-pressed, similar to wood fiber boards, with a binder of synthetic resin glue (eg urea or melamine-formaldehyde resins).
• synthetic resin glue eg urea or melamine-formaldehyde resins
• the properties of the chipboard can be varied.
• High-quality panels are multi-layered and with particularly fine cover chips produced.
• the wood chipboard can be coated with decorative films, primer films and veneers
• EP 82295 shows the production of a wood-based panel, which consists of cryogenically manufactured plastic particles and wood fibers. The one-to-one particles are distinguishable.
• the invention has for its object to provide a wood-based panel in which the wood chips or fibers are partially substituted, whereby the Zurverhegungs sued the starting materials causes lower costs without the properties of the wood-based panel suffer a loss.
• a part of the wood chips or - fibers is substituted by ground or shredded agglomerate of mixed plastic from the waste disposal.
• the proportion of ground or fibrillated agglomerate may be up to 150 wt .-%, based on 100 wt .-% wood chips or wood fiber masses atro. The proportion may even be above 150 wt .-%, based on 100 wt .-% Wood chip or wood fiber mass atro.
• the particle size of the wood chips or fibers on the one hand and of the ground agglomerate on the other hand is approximately the same.
• the size of the wood chips or fibers preferably ranges from 0.05 to 2.0 mm.
• the size of the milled agglomerate is preferably less than 1 mm.
• the usual form of preparation of said mixed plastics is the so-called agglomeration.
• agglomeration By stirring in an agitator, the shredded films are heated by friction so that they melt.
• the heated agglomerate By spraying the heated agglomerate with cold water at intervals, some of the organic components escape via the water vapor.
• the molten films cool and agglomerate into pourable granular structures.
• the typical transportable product of a sorted fraction of mixed plastics, mainly from film residues, is therefore the agglomerate.
• Agglomerate of mixed plastics have a bulk density of about 320 kg / m 3 and are easy to transport.
• the central problem with mixed plastics is that a material 1: 1 recycling, as is the case with glass, PVC, paper, tinplate or aluminum, is impossible.
• Typical plastic processing techniques such as extrusion, calendering, injection molding or the like, are out of the question since they presuppose a workable melt.
• Mixed plastics consist predominantly (more than 50%) of film residues, but also contain residues of plastic moldings, such as crushed particles of yogurt cups, bottle caps or thick-walled bottles, eg. For cleaning agents. Mixed plastics therefore have no defined melting point, but a melting range of very wide bandwidth. In mixed plastics, there are substance contents which do not melt at all in the melting window, as is the case for customary processes such as extruding or calendering up to 200.degree. B. aluminum or PET residues. The viscosity of the mixed plastic varies depending on the composition of the plastics. Even at high temperatures results in a viscous mass, which is not thin even with increasing warming.
• plastics such as LDPE (melting point about 105 to 115 ° C) decompose at temperatures to carbon with outgassing of carbon dioxide and water vapor, in which polyamides begin to melt (melting point from 180 ° C).
• LDPE melting point about 105 to 115 ° C
• polyamides begin to melt
• the result is a gray to black mass, which shows different properties during cooling than before the melting, since it is chemical and physical.
• the wood-based panel according to the invention a portion of the wood chips is now substituted by mixed plastics by the agglomerate from the waste disposal ground or defibrated and the wood chips or fibers is supplied before pressing.
• Mixed plastics are moisture-resistant and similar in their temperature resistance to wood shavings or fibers. Due to the addition of ground mixed plastics occur in the wood-based panels no significant improvements in material properties, on the other hand, the substitution of wood chips or fibers does not lead to a deterioration of the material plate. Through the use of ground mixed plastics, however, the cost of producing a wood-based panel is drastically reduced. In addition, the advantage is obtained that the mixed plastic can be recycled and must not be dumped or burned.
• a proportion of ground agglomerate of low-melting pure plastic from waste disposal is added.
• Agglomerate of sorted plastic, z. B. unmixed films is available. Since unmixed films have a high affinity to each other (polyolefins), the milled or fibrillated agglomerate develops binder property for bonding between the hardly melting mixed plastics.
• the binder component is added as a separate particle in the mixture of chips, or fibers, sole resins and ground agglomerate. A mixing before The agglomeration is out of the question, because when agglomerated again results in a mixed plastic with undefined properties.
• the properties of the wood-based panels, to which a proportion of ground pure plastic is added can be infinitely scaled. Particularly advantageous is the production of relatively thin wood-based panels up to 8 mm thickness, since there can easily achieve a warming of the middle layer in the form that it comes to a melting of the binder particles. However, this can be achieved even with thick plates up to 40 mm thickness. In this case, it must then be worked with recooling and other known processing techniques that allow introduction of the required amount of heat.
• the added proportion of ground pure plastic agglomerate is up to approximately 100%, based on the proportion of ground or defibrated mixed plastic agglomerate used. Even with the addition of pure plastic agglomerate grinding is carried out to a grain size which corresponds to that of the wood chips or fibers and the ground material of the mixed plastic agglomerate.
• the wood-based panel consists of at least two layers, of which a first of wood chips or fibers, ground or fibrillated agglomerate of mixed plastic and binder and the second of wood chips or fibers, ground or fibrillated agglomerate of pure plastic and Binder is composed, wherein the layers are pressed hot to a plate.
• a method for producing a chipboard according to the invention comprises the following steps: grinding of mixed plastic agglomerate from the waste disposal and mixing with wood chips, wherein the same particle sizes are provided.
• the mixture is under supply of binder by hot pressing pressed to a plate of predetermined thickness.
• the agglomerate may, for. B. ground in a spice mill.
• An inventive method for producing a wood fiber board provides the following steps: pulping agglomerate of mixed plastic from the waste disposal and mixing with wood fibers, wherein the mixture is formed with the addition of binder by hot pressing into a plate of predetermined thickness.
• the crushing of the agglomerate and / or the wood may, for. B. be performed in a knife ring chipper.
• ground agglomerate is added from sorted, melting at low temperatures plastic to achieve the properties of the produced wood-based panel in the desired extent. Up to 150%, based on the Spanoder fiber content of the material in the wood-based panel, are still properties such as a chip or a wood fiber board before. Such plates can therefore be sawn, milled, ground or drilled. With a higher addition of mixed plastic and / or sorted plastic, the properties of the wood-based panel more closely approximate those of a plastic panel, and this therefore also has a certain elasticity. In particular, however, by adding ground agglomerate of pure plastic, the transverse tensile strength is significantly increased and the swelling significantly reduced in water retention.
• the production of wood-based panels according to the invention can be carried out with conventional production processes. Therefore, the pure process cost is not higher than conventional wood-based panels.
• the grinding of the agglomerate of pure plastic of low-melting sorted plastics is preferably carried out in cooled form, preferably in cryomills (spice mills with cryotechnology). It must be prevented that the heat generated during grinding leads to a melting of the grinding grain. Another technology is suction during the milling process to prevent the particles from melting.
• the mixing can be carried out with the addition of cold glue, whereby a certain binding of the proportions of wood material and ground agglomerate is produced, so that the transport into the press arrangement, in particular during the dry process, is facilitated.
• cold glue for the later properties of the wood-based panel produced, the added cold adhesive does not matter.
• Chipboard with a thickness d 13 mm; 100% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, also based on wood mass atro,
• Chipboard with a thickness d 4 mm; 150% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
• Fiberboard with a thickness d 13 mm; 100% milled agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood fiber mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
• Fibreboard with a thickness d 4 mm; 150% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on fiber mass atro with a grain size ⁇ 1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
• Chipboard with a thickness d 13 mm; Thick layer 100% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm. For the middle or other layer 100% ground agglomerate of plastic film, based on wood chip mass atro with a grain size ⁇ 2.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%, paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
• Chipboard with a thickness d 4 mm; 150% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm and ground agglomerate of films with a particle size ⁇ 2.0 mm; Mixing ratio of the ground agglomerate portions 1: 1; Proportion of UF resin 4%, paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
• press surface temperature about 240 ° C at press time factor 13 s / mm, plate thickness 13 mm, initial pressure 6 bar, increase to 7.5 bar, hold for 80 s, pressure drop up to 3.5 bar, hold about 40 s, further Pressure drop to 1.5 bar, hold 70 s, then pressure drop.
• the mixed plastic is preferably ground in a milling process and then sieved.
• the film plastic, i. Pure plastic is ground in preferably two to three grinding operations with likewise subsequent screening, wherein cooling of the agglomerate is preferably carried out below 0 ° C.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=33482762

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (13)

Families Citing this family (17)

Family Cites Families (21)

• 2003
  • 2003-06-06 DE DE2003126181 patent/DE10326181B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2004
  • 2004-03-06 UA UAA200600155A patent/UA82525C2/uk unknown
  • 2004-06-03 CA CA 2528219 patent/CA2528219C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-06-03 ES ES04739572T patent/ES2388853T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-06-03 PL PL04739572T patent/PL1633541T3/pl unknown
  • 2004-06-03 CN CN2004800156955A patent/CN1867434B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-06-03 WO PCT/EP2004/006013 patent/WO2004108374A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2004-06-03 US US10/559,893 patent/US7875346B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-06-03 BR BRPI0411062 patent/BRPI0411062A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-06-03 JP JP2006508267A patent/JP4629662B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-06-03 AU AU2004245222A patent/AU2004245222B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2004-06-03 EP EP20040739572 patent/EP1633541B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-06-03 EA EA200501823A patent/EA008415B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation

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