EP1633541B1 - Board consisting of a derived timber product and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Board consisting of a derived timber product and method for the production thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1633541B1
EP1633541B1 EP20040739572 EP04739572A EP1633541B1 EP 1633541 B1 EP1633541 B1 EP 1633541B1 EP 20040739572 EP20040739572 EP 20040739572 EP 04739572 A EP04739572 A EP 04739572A EP 1633541 B1 EP1633541 B1 EP 1633541B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
agglomerate
milled
wood
fibres
plate
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Application number
EP20040739572
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1633541A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Hofmann
Andreas Holm
Dirk Venschott
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CVP Clean Value Plastics GmbH
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CVP Clean Value Plastics GmbH
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Priority to PL04739572T priority Critical patent/PL1633541T3/en
Publication of EP1633541A1 publication Critical patent/EP1633541A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31982—Wood or paper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31986—Regenerated or modified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31989—Of wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wood-based panel according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Wood fiber boards are made of fibrillated wood, depending on the fiber web formation in the aqueous or gaseous medium, the production is carried out by the wet process or the dry process. The shredding of the pre-shredded wood (chips) takes place after a hydrothermal pretreatment in a disc refiner. Synthetic binders are added to the pulp in a dry process. In the wet process wood fiber boards can be produced using the inherent bonding properties of the pulp without additional binder, with the fiber entanglement is important. After fiber web formation, the wood fiber boards are pressed using heat and pressure. Wood fiber boards are coated on a large scale, z. B. with melamine resin films, films or paints. They are used in furniture and interior design, but also in interior doors, for packaging purposes, in construction, etc. Application. Porous wood fiber boards are used for heat and sound insulation purposes.
  • wood chips are hot-pressed, similar to wood fiber boards, with a binder of synthetic resin glue (eg urea or melamine-formaldehyde resins).
  • synthetic resin glue eg urea or melamine-formaldehyde resins
  • the properties of the chipboard can be varied.
  • High-quality panels are multi-layered and with particularly fine cover chips produced.
  • the wood chipboard can be coated with decorative films, primer films and veneers
  • EP 82295 shows the production of a wood-based panel, which consists of cryogenically manufactured plastic particles and wood fibers. The one-to-one particles are distinguishable.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a wood-based panel in which the wood chips or fibers are partially substituted, whereby the Zurverhegungs sued the starting materials causes lower costs without the properties of the wood-based panel suffer a loss.
  • a part of the wood chips or - fibers is substituted by ground or shredded agglomerate of mixed plastic from the waste disposal.
  • the proportion of ground or fibrillated agglomerate may be up to 150 wt .-%, based on 100 wt .-% wood chips or wood fiber masses atro. The proportion may even be above 150 wt .-%, based on 100 wt .-% Wood chip or wood fiber mass atro.
  • the particle size of the wood chips or fibers on the one hand and of the ground agglomerate on the other hand is approximately the same.
  • the size of the wood chips or fibers preferably ranges from 0.05 to 2.0 mm.
  • the size of the milled agglomerate is preferably less than 1 mm.
  • the usual form of preparation of said mixed plastics is the so-called agglomeration.
  • agglomeration By stirring in an agitator, the shredded films are heated by friction so that they melt.
  • the heated agglomerate By spraying the heated agglomerate with cold water at intervals, some of the organic components escape via the water vapor.
  • the molten films cool and agglomerate into pourable granular structures.
  • the typical transportable product of a sorted fraction of mixed plastics, mainly from film residues, is therefore the agglomerate.
  • Agglomerate of mixed plastics have a bulk density of about 320 kg / m 3 and are easy to transport.
  • the central problem with mixed plastics is that a material 1: 1 recycling, as is the case with glass, PVC, paper, tinplate or aluminum, is impossible.
  • Typical plastic processing techniques such as extrusion, calendering, injection molding or the like, are out of the question since they presuppose a workable melt.
  • Mixed plastics consist predominantly (more than 50%) of film residues, but also contain residues of plastic moldings, such as crushed particles of yogurt cups, bottle caps or thick-walled bottles, eg. For cleaning agents. Mixed plastics therefore have no defined melting point, but a melting range of very wide bandwidth. In mixed plastics, there are substance contents which do not melt at all in the melting window, as is the case for customary processes such as extruding or calendering up to 200.degree. B. aluminum or PET residues. The viscosity of the mixed plastic varies depending on the composition of the plastics. Even at high temperatures results in a viscous mass, which is not thin even with increasing warming.
  • plastics such as LDPE (melting point about 105 to 115 ° C) decompose at temperatures to carbon with outgassing of carbon dioxide and water vapor, in which polyamides begin to melt (melting point from 180 ° C).
  • LDPE melting point about 105 to 115 ° C
  • polyamides begin to melt
  • the result is a gray to black mass, which shows different properties during cooling than before the melting, since it is chemical and physical.
  • the wood-based panel according to the invention a portion of the wood chips is now substituted by mixed plastics by the agglomerate from the waste disposal ground or defibrated and the wood chips or fibers is supplied before pressing.
  • Mixed plastics are moisture-resistant and similar in their temperature resistance to wood shavings or fibers. Due to the addition of ground mixed plastics occur in the wood-based panels no significant improvements in material properties, on the other hand, the substitution of wood chips or fibers does not lead to a deterioration of the material plate. Through the use of ground mixed plastics, however, the cost of producing a wood-based panel is drastically reduced. In addition, the advantage is obtained that the mixed plastic can be recycled and must not be dumped or burned.
  • a proportion of ground agglomerate of low-melting pure plastic from waste disposal is added.
  • Agglomerate of sorted plastic, z. B. unmixed films is available. Since unmixed films have a high affinity to each other (polyolefins), the milled or fibrillated agglomerate develops binder property for bonding between the hardly melting mixed plastics.
  • the binder component is added as a separate particle in the mixture of chips, or fibers, sole resins and ground agglomerate. A mixing before The agglomeration is out of the question, because when agglomerated again results in a mixed plastic with undefined properties.
  • the properties of the wood-based panels, to which a proportion of ground pure plastic is added can be infinitely scaled. Particularly advantageous is the production of relatively thin wood-based panels up to 8 mm thickness, since there can easily achieve a warming of the middle layer in the form that it comes to a melting of the binder particles. However, this can be achieved even with thick plates up to 40 mm thickness. In this case, it must then be worked with recooling and other known processing techniques that allow introduction of the required amount of heat.
  • the added proportion of ground pure plastic agglomerate is up to approximately 100%, based on the proportion of ground or defibrated mixed plastic agglomerate used. Even with the addition of pure plastic agglomerate grinding is carried out to a grain size which corresponds to that of the wood chips or fibers and the ground material of the mixed plastic agglomerate.
  • the wood-based panel consists of at least two layers, of which a first of wood chips or fibers, ground or fibrillated agglomerate of mixed plastic and binder and the second of wood chips or fibers, ground or fibrillated agglomerate of pure plastic and Binder is composed, wherein the layers are pressed hot to a plate.
  • a method for producing a chipboard according to the invention comprises the following steps: grinding of mixed plastic agglomerate from the waste disposal and mixing with wood chips, wherein the same particle sizes are provided.
  • the mixture is under supply of binder by hot pressing pressed to a plate of predetermined thickness.
  • the agglomerate may, for. B. ground in a spice mill.
  • An inventive method for producing a wood fiber board provides the following steps: pulping agglomerate of mixed plastic from the waste disposal and mixing with wood fibers, wherein the mixture is formed with the addition of binder by hot pressing into a plate of predetermined thickness.
  • the crushing of the agglomerate and / or the wood may, for. B. be performed in a knife ring chipper.
  • ground agglomerate is added from sorted, melting at low temperatures plastic to achieve the properties of the produced wood-based panel in the desired extent. Up to 150%, based on the Spanoder fiber content of the material in the wood-based panel, are still properties such as a chip or a wood fiber board before. Such plates can therefore be sawn, milled, ground or drilled. With a higher addition of mixed plastic and / or sorted plastic, the properties of the wood-based panel more closely approximate those of a plastic panel, and this therefore also has a certain elasticity. In particular, however, by adding ground agglomerate of pure plastic, the transverse tensile strength is significantly increased and the swelling significantly reduced in water retention.
  • the production of wood-based panels according to the invention can be carried out with conventional production processes. Therefore, the pure process cost is not higher than conventional wood-based panels.
  • the grinding of the agglomerate of pure plastic of low-melting sorted plastics is preferably carried out in cooled form, preferably in cryomills (spice mills with cryotechnology). It must be prevented that the heat generated during grinding leads to a melting of the grinding grain. Another technology is suction during the milling process to prevent the particles from melting.
  • the mixing can be carried out with the addition of cold glue, whereby a certain binding of the proportions of wood material and ground agglomerate is produced, so that the transport into the press arrangement, in particular during the dry process, is facilitated.
  • cold glue for the later properties of the wood-based panel produced, the added cold adhesive does not matter.
  • Chipboard with a thickness d 13 mm; 100% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, also based on wood mass atro,
  • Chipboard with a thickness d 4 mm; 150% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
  • Fiberboard with a thickness d 13 mm; 100% milled agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood fiber mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
  • Fibreboard with a thickness d 4 mm; 150% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on fiber mass atro with a grain size ⁇ 1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
  • Chipboard with a thickness d 13 mm; Thick layer 100% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm. For the middle or other layer 100% ground agglomerate of plastic film, based on wood chip mass atro with a grain size ⁇ 2.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%, paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
  • Chipboard with a thickness d 4 mm; 150% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size ⁇ 1.0 mm and ground agglomerate of films with a particle size ⁇ 2.0 mm; Mixing ratio of the ground agglomerate portions 1: 1; Proportion of UF resin 4%, paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,
  • press surface temperature about 240 ° C at press time factor 13 s / mm, plate thickness 13 mm, initial pressure 6 bar, increase to 7.5 bar, hold for 80 s, pressure drop up to 3.5 bar, hold about 40 s, further Pressure drop to 1.5 bar, hold 70 s, then pressure drop.
  • the mixed plastic is preferably ground in a milling process and then sieved.
  • the film plastic, i. Pure plastic is ground in preferably two to three grinding operations with likewise subsequent screening, wherein cooling of the agglomerate is preferably carried out below 0 ° C.

Abstract

The invention relates to a board consisting of a derived timber product, wherein wood chips or fibres and plastic particles or fibres are compressed with a binding agent according to a hot-pressing method in order to form a board. Some of the wood chips or fibres are substituted by a ground or defibrated agglomerate of mixed plastics from the waste disposal, and the particle size of wood chips or fibres and ground agglomerate is approximately the same.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Holzwerkstoffplatte nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a wood-based panel according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bei Holzwerkstoffplatten unterscheidet man neben anderen Holzwerkstoffen zwischen Holzspan- und Holzfaserplatten. Holzfaserplatten werden aus zerfasertem Holz hergestellt, wobei je nach Faservliesbildung im wäßrigen oder gasförmigen Medium die Herstellung nach dem Naßverfahren oder dem Trockenverfahren durchgeführt wird. Das Zerfasern des vorzerkleinerten Holzes (Hackspäne) erfolgt nach einer hydrothermischen Vorbehandlung in einem Scheibenrefiner. Dem Faserstoff werden im Trockenverfahren synthetische Bindemittel zugegeben. Im Naßverfahren können Holzfaserplatten unter Nutzung der inhärenten Verklebungseigenschaften des Faserstoffes auch ohne zusätzliche Bindemittel erzeugt werden, wobei auch die Faserverfilzung von Bedeutung ist. Nach der Faservliesbildung werden die Holzfaserplatten unter Anwendung von Wärme und Druck gepreßt. Holzfaserplatten werden in großem Umfang beschichtet, z. B. mit Melaminharzfilmen, Folien oder mit Lacken. Sie finden im Möbel- und Innenausbau, aber auch bei Innentüren, für Verpackungszwecke, im Bauwesen usw. Anwendung. Poröse Holzfaserplatten werden für Wärme- und Schalldämmzwecke eingesetzt.In the case of wood-based panels, a distinction is made between wood-chipboard and wood-fiber panels, in addition to other wood-based panels. Wood fiber boards are made of fibrillated wood, depending on the fiber web formation in the aqueous or gaseous medium, the production is carried out by the wet process or the dry process. The shredding of the pre-shredded wood (chips) takes place after a hydrothermal pretreatment in a disc refiner. Synthetic binders are added to the pulp in a dry process. In the wet process wood fiber boards can be produced using the inherent bonding properties of the pulp without additional binder, with the fiber entanglement is important. After fiber web formation, the wood fiber boards are pressed using heat and pressure. Wood fiber boards are coated on a large scale, z. B. with melamine resin films, films or paints. They are used in furniture and interior design, but also in interior doors, for packaging purposes, in construction, etc. Application. Porous wood fiber boards are used for heat and sound insulation purposes.

Bei Holzspanplatten werden Holzspäne ähnlich wie bei Holzfaserplatten mit einem Bindemittel aus Kunstharzleim (z. B. Harnstoff oder Melamin-Formaldehyd-Harze) warm gepreßt. Durch Größe, Form und Anordnung der Späne und die Menge des Kunstharzanteils können die Eigenschaften der Holzspanplatten variiert werden. Hochwertige Platten werden mehrschichtig und mit besonders feinen Deckspänen hergestellt. Zur Verwendung im Möbelbau lassen sich die Holzspanplatten mit Dekorfilmen, Grundierfilmen und Furnieren beschichtenIn the case of wood-chip boards, wood chips are hot-pressed, similar to wood fiber boards, with a binder of synthetic resin glue (eg urea or melamine-formaldehyde resins). By size, shape and arrangement of the chips and the amount of resin content, the properties of the chipboard can be varied. High-quality panels are multi-layered and with particularly fine cover chips produced. For use in furniture making, the wood chipboard can be coated with decorative films, primer films and veneers

EP 82295 zeigt die Herstellung einer Holzwerkstoffplatte, die aus kryogenisch hersgestellten Kunststoffpartikeln und Holzfasern besteht. Die einzehen Partikel sind unterscheidbar. EP 82295 shows the production of a wood-based panel, which consists of cryogenically manufactured plastic particles and wood fibers. The one-to-one particles are distinguishable.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Holzwerkstoffplatte zu schaffen, bei der die Holzspäne oder -fasern teilweise substituiert sind, wodurch die Zurverfügungsstellung der Ausgangswerkstoffe geringere Kosten verursacht, ohne daß die Eigenschaften der Holzwerkstoffplatte eine Einbuße erleiden.The invention has for its object to provide a wood-based panel in which the wood chips or fibers are partially substituted, whereby the Zurverfügungsstellung the starting materials causes lower costs without the properties of the wood-based panel suffer a loss.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of patent claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoffplatte ist ein Teil der Holzspäne oder - fasern durch gemahlenes oder zerfasertes Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoff aus der Abfallentsorgung substituiert. Der Anteil von gemahlenem oder zerfasertem Agglomerat kann bis zu 150 Gew.-% betragen, bezogen auf 100 Gew.-% Holzspan- oder Holzfasermassen atro. Der Anteil kann sogar oberhalb von 150 Gew.-% betragen, bezogen auf 100 Gew.-% Holzspan- oder Holzfasermasse atro. Nach der Erfindung ist die Partikelgröße der Holzspäne oder -fasern einerseits und des gemahlenen Agglomerats andererseits annähernd gleich. Die Größe der Holzspäne oder -fasern bewegt sich vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen 0,05 bis 2,0 mm. Die Größe für das gemahlene Agglomerat ist vorzugsweise kleiner als 1 mm.In the wood-based panel according to the invention a part of the wood chips or - fibers is substituted by ground or shredded agglomerate of mixed plastic from the waste disposal. The proportion of ground or fibrillated agglomerate may be up to 150 wt .-%, based on 100 wt .-% wood chips or wood fiber masses atro. The proportion may even be above 150 wt .-%, based on 100 wt .-% Wood chip or wood fiber mass atro. According to the invention, the particle size of the wood chips or fibers on the one hand and of the ground agglomerate on the other hand is approximately the same. The size of the wood chips or fibers preferably ranges from 0.05 to 2.0 mm. The size of the milled agglomerate is preferably less than 1 mm.

Bei den derzeit bestehenden Sammelsystemen für Abfallkunststoffe, z. B. Verpackungsmaterial aus Privathaushalten, z. B. Joghurtbecher, Folienverpackungen, Schutzhüllen, Einkaufstüten, Flaschen für Reinigungsmittel, Zahnpastetuben usw., werden zumeist Mischkunststoffe erhalten. Sie können neben den üblichen Folien und Kunststoffen aus LDPE, HDPE oder PP auch Folienreste aus Polyamiden, Polycarbonaten, PET oder anderen Kunststoffen enthalten und sind daher nicht sortenrein. Die quantitative Mengenverteilung der verschiedenen Kunststoffsorten, die in bekannter Weise einem Aufbereitungs- und Sortierbetrieb von einem Sammelunternehmen übergeben werden, hängt von folgenden Parametern ab: Sammelverhalten und Qualitätsbewußtsein im Sammelverhalten der Bevölkerung in der Region kann sehr unterschiedlich sein. Dies trifft insbesondere für Sammelsysteme für Haushaltsabfälle zu.In the currently existing collection systems for waste plastics, z. B. packaging material from private households, z. As yogurt cups, foil packaging, protective covers, shopping bags, bottles for cleaning agents, toothpaste tubes, etc., are usually obtained mixed plastics. In addition to the usual films and plastics made of LDPE, HDPE or PP, they can also contain film residues of polyamides, polycarbonates, PET or other plastics and are therefore not sorted. The quantitative distribution of the various types of plastic used in known manner a processing and sorting operation of a collecting company to be transferred depends on the following parameters: Collective behavior and quality awareness in the collective behavior of the population in the region can be very different. This is especially true for household waste collection systems.

Derzeit stehen verschiedene Verfahrenstechniken für die Sortierung der gesammelten Kunststoffe zur Verfügung. Als Beispiele seien genannt: Windsichtung, Schwimm-Sink-Sichtung (Auftrieb im Wasser bei spezifischen Dichten < 1), qualitative Identifikation von Kunststoffen aufgrund unterschiedlicher Infrarotspektrogramme, auch in Kombination mit Windsichtung und anderen Methoden. Trotz der genannten Technologien, ist eine in hohem Maße sortenreine Trennung von Kunststoffen, die üblicherweise nicht nach Sorten getrennt gesammelt werden, wirtschaftlich nur bedingt darstellbar. So lassen sich LDPE-Folien von HDPE-Folien heute mit Quoten von ca. 95% sortenrein trennen. Befinden sich jedoch Verbundfolien in den Sammelsystemen, wie z. B. mit Polyamidfolien beschichtete LDPE- oder HDPE-Folien, ist eine sortenreine Trennung nahezu unmöglich.At present, various process technologies are available for sorting the collected plastics. Examples include: air sifting, sink-float sighting (buoyancy in water at specific densities <1), qualitative identification of plastics due to different infrared spectrograms, also in combination with air classification and other methods. Despite the above-mentioned technologies, a highly pure sorting separation of plastics, which are not usually collected separately by variety, economically only partially representable. For example, LDPE films can now be separated from HDPE films with quotas of approx. 95% by type. However, are composite films in the collection systems, such. As with polyamide films coated LDPE or HDPE films, a pure separation is almost impossible.

Das Produkt aller Sammel- und Sortierbemühungen von Mischkunststoffen wird daher nach wie vor ein Mischkunststoff bleiben. Insbesondere unter wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten muß berücksichtigt werden, daß bei einer Verfeinerung des Sortieraufwands die Sortier- und Aufbereitungskosten immer deutlich unter den Kosten für die Beschaffung von sortenreiner Neuware bleiben müssen. Diese Mischkunststoffe enthalten neben Polyethylen, Polypropylen auch Polyamide, Polycarbonate und PET-Bestandteile. Das Auftreten von Aluminiumresten oder mineralischen Bestandteilen, wie z. B. Siliziumverbindungen, kann ebenfalls nicht ausgeschlossen werden.The product of all collection and sorting efforts of mixed plastics will therefore remain a mixed plastic. In particular, from an economic point of view must be taken into account that with a refinement of the sorting effort, the sorting and treatment costs must always remain well below the cost of purchasing virgin virgin material. In addition to polyethylene, polypropylene, these mixed plastics also contain polyamides, polycarbonates and PET components. The occurrence of aluminum residues or mineral constituents, such. As silicon compounds, also can not be excluded.

Die übliche Aufbereitungsform der genannten Mischkunststoffe ist das sogenannte Agglomerieren. Dabei werden durch Aufrühren in einem Rührwerk die zerkleinerten Folien durch Reibung so erwärmt, daß diese anschmelzen. Durch das in Intervallen durchgeführte Absprühen des erhitzten Agglomerats mit kaltem Wasser entweicht ein Teil der organischen Bestandteile über den Wasserdampf. Gleichzeitig kühlen die angeschmolzenen Folien ab und agglomerieren zu schüttfähigen granulatartigen Gebilden. Das typische transportfähige Produkt einer sortierten Fraktion von Mischkunststoffen, überwiegend aus Folienresten, ist daher das Agglomerat. Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoffen haben eine Schüttdichte von ca. 320 kg/m3 und sind gut transportierbar.The usual form of preparation of said mixed plastics is the so-called agglomeration. By stirring in an agitator, the shredded films are heated by friction so that they melt. By spraying the heated agglomerate with cold water at intervals, some of the organic components escape via the water vapor. At the same time, the molten films cool and agglomerate into pourable granular structures. The typical transportable product of a sorted fraction of mixed plastics, mainly from film residues, is therefore the agglomerate. Agglomerate of mixed plastics have a bulk density of about 320 kg / m 3 and are easy to transport.

Das zentrale Problem bei Mischkunststoffen ist, daß eine stoffliche 1:1-Verwertung, wie dies bei Glas, PVC, Papier, Weißblech oder Aluminium der Fall ist, unmöglich ist. Typische kunststoffverarbeitende Verfahrenstechniken, wie das Extrudieren, Kalandrieren, Spritzgießen oder dergleichen, kommen nicht in Betracht, da sie eine verarbeitbare Schmelze voraussetzen.The central problem with mixed plastics is that a material 1: 1 recycling, as is the case with glass, PVC, paper, tinplate or aluminum, is impossible. Typical plastic processing techniques, such as extrusion, calendering, injection molding or the like, are out of the question since they presuppose a workable melt.

Mischkunststoffe bestehen überwiegend (zu über 50%) aus Folienresten, enthalten jedoch auch Reste von Kunststofformteilen, wie zerkleinerter Partikel von Joghurtbechern, Flaschendeckeln oder dickwandigen Flaschen, z. B. für Reinigungsmittel. Mischkunststoffe haben daher keinen definierten Schmelzpunkt, sondern einen Schmelzbereich sehr großer Bandbreite. Es gibt in Mischkunststoffen Stoffinhalte, die in einem Schmelzfenster, wie es für die üblichen Prozesse, wie das Extrudieren oder Kalandrieren bis 200°C überhaupt nicht aufschmelzen, wie z. B. Aluminium-oder PET-Reste. Die Viskosität des Mischkunststoffs ist je nach Zusammensetzung der Kunststoffe unterschiedlich. Selbst bei hohen Temperaturen ergibt sich eine zähfließende Masse, die auch bei steigender Erwärmung nicht dünnflüssig wird. Bestimmte Kunststoffe, wie LDPE (Schmelzpunkt etwa 105 bis 115°C) zersetzen sich bei Temperaturbereichen zu Kohlenstoff unter Ausgasung von Kohlendioxyd und Wasserdampf, in denen Polyamide anfangen zu schmelzen (Schmelzpunkt ab 180°C). Durch die Zersetzung niedrigschmelzender Polyolefine wie LDPE bei höheren Temperaturen bilden sich irreversibel Gemenge mit hohem Anteil an Kohlenstoff. Es entsteht eine graue bis schwarze Masse, die beim Abkühlen andere Eigenschaften zeigt als vor dem Aufschmelzen, da sie chemisch und physikalisch ist.Mixed plastics consist predominantly (more than 50%) of film residues, but also contain residues of plastic moldings, such as crushed particles of yogurt cups, bottle caps or thick-walled bottles, eg. For cleaning agents. Mixed plastics therefore have no defined melting point, but a melting range of very wide bandwidth. In mixed plastics, there are substance contents which do not melt at all in the melting window, as is the case for customary processes such as extruding or calendering up to 200.degree. B. aluminum or PET residues. The viscosity of the mixed plastic varies depending on the composition of the plastics. Even at high temperatures results in a viscous mass, which is not thin even with increasing warming. Certain plastics, such as LDPE (melting point about 105 to 115 ° C) decompose at temperatures to carbon with outgassing of carbon dioxide and water vapor, in which polyamides begin to melt (melting point from 180 ° C). The decomposition of low-melting polyolefins such as LDPE at higher temperatures irreversibly forms mixtures with a high proportion of carbon. The result is a gray to black mass, which shows different properties during cooling than before the melting, since it is chemical and physical.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoffplatte wird nun eine Teil der Holzspäne durch Mischkunststoffe substituiert, indem das Agglomerat aus der Abfallentsorgung gemahlen oder zerfasert und den Holzspänen oder -fasern vor dem Verpressen zugeführt wird. Mischkunststoffe sind feuchtebeständig und in ihrer Temperaturbeständigkeit ähnlich den Holzspänen oder -fasern. Durch die Beimengung von aufgemahlenen Mischkunststoffen treten bei den Holzwerkstoffplatten keine signifikanten Verbesserungen von Materialeigenschaften ein, andererseits führt die Substitution von Holzspänen oder -fasern nicht zu einer Verschlechterung der Werkstoffplatte. Durch den Einsatz von gemahlenen Mischkunststoffen wird jedoch der Aufwand für die Herstellung einer Holzwerkstoffplatte drastisch verringert. Außerdem wird der Vorteil erhalten, daß der Mischkunststoff einer Verwertung zugeführt werden kann und nicht deponiert oder verbrannt werden muß.In the wood-based panel according to the invention, a portion of the wood chips is now substituted by mixed plastics by the agglomerate from the waste disposal ground or defibrated and the wood chips or fibers is supplied before pressing. Mixed plastics are moisture-resistant and similar in their temperature resistance to wood shavings or fibers. Due to the addition of ground mixed plastics occur in the wood-based panels no significant improvements in material properties, on the other hand, the substitution of wood chips or fibers does not lead to a deterioration of the material plate. Through the use of ground mixed plastics, however, the cost of producing a wood-based panel is drastically reduced. In addition, the advantage is obtained that the mixed plastic can be recycled and must not be dumped or burned.

Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird ein Anteil an gemahlenem Agglomerat aus niedrigschmelzendem Reinkunststoff aus der Abfallentsorgung zugesetzt. Agglomerat aus sortenreinem Kunststoff, z. B. sortenreinen Folien, steht zur Verfügung. Da sortenreine Folien eine hohe Affinität zueinander haben (Polyolefine), entwickelt das gemahlene oder zerfaserte Agglomerat Bindemitteleigenschaft zur Bindung zwischen den kaum schmelzenden Mischkunststoffen. Die Bindemittelkomponente wird als getrenntes Partikel in die Mischung aus Spänen, oder Fasern, Alleinharzen und gemahlenem Agglomerat beigegeben. Eine Durchmischung vor dem Agglomerieren kommt nicht in Frage, da beim Agglomerieren sich wiederum ein Mischkunststoff mit undefinierten Eigenschaften ergibt. Die Eigenschaften der Holzwerkstoffplatten, denen ein Anteil von gemahlenem Reinkunststoff zugesetzt ist, lassen sich stufenlos skalieren. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei die Herstellung von relativ dünnen Holzwerkstoffplatten bis 8 mm Dicke, da sich dort leicht eine Durchwärmung der Mittelschicht in der Form erreichen läßt, daß es zu einem Anschmelzen der Bindemittelpartikel kommt. Dies kann jedoch auch bei dicken Platten bis 40 mm Dicke erreicht werden. Hierbei muß dann mit Rückkühlung und anderen bekannten Verfahrenstechniken gearbeitet werden, die ein Einbringen der erforderlichen Wärmemenge ermöglichen. Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der zugegebene Anteil an gemahlenem Reinkunststoff-Agglomerat bis annähernd 100% bezogen auf den eingesetzten Anteil von gemahlenem oder zerfasertem Mischkunststoff-Agglomerat. Auch bei Zusatz von Reinkunststoff-Agglomerat erfolgt das Vermahlen zu einer Korngröße, welche der der Holzspäne oder -fasern und dem Mahlgut des Mischkunststoff-Agglomerats entspricht.According to one embodiment of the invention, a proportion of ground agglomerate of low-melting pure plastic from waste disposal is added. Agglomerate of sorted plastic, z. B. unmixed films, is available. Since unmixed films have a high affinity to each other (polyolefins), the milled or fibrillated agglomerate develops binder property for bonding between the hardly melting mixed plastics. The binder component is added as a separate particle in the mixture of chips, or fibers, sole resins and ground agglomerate. A mixing before The agglomeration is out of the question, because when agglomerated again results in a mixed plastic with undefined properties. The properties of the wood-based panels, to which a proportion of ground pure plastic is added, can be infinitely scaled. Particularly advantageous is the production of relatively thin wood-based panels up to 8 mm thickness, since there can easily achieve a warming of the middle layer in the form that it comes to a melting of the binder particles. However, this can be achieved even with thick plates up to 40 mm thickness. In this case, it must then be worked with recooling and other known processing techniques that allow introduction of the required amount of heat. According to one embodiment of the invention, the added proportion of ground pure plastic agglomerate is up to approximately 100%, based on the proportion of ground or defibrated mixed plastic agglomerate used. Even with the addition of pure plastic agglomerate grinding is carried out to a grain size which corresponds to that of the wood chips or fibers and the ground material of the mixed plastic agglomerate.

Wie eingangs schon erwähnt, ist es bekannt, Holzwerkstoffplatten aus unterschiedlichen Schichten zusammenzusetzen. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Holzwerkstoffplatte aus mindestens zwei Schichten besteht, von denen eine erste aus Holzspänen oder -fasern, gemahlenem oder zerfasertem Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoff und Bindemittel und die zweite aus Holzspänen oder -fasern, gemahlenem oder zerfasertem Agglomerat aus Reinkunststoff und Bindemittel zusammengesetzt ist, wobei die Schichten zu einer Platte warm verpreßt werden.As already mentioned, it is known to assemble wood-based panels of different layers. An embodiment of the invention provides that the wood-based panel consists of at least two layers, of which a first of wood chips or fibers, ground or fibrillated agglomerate of mixed plastic and binder and the second of wood chips or fibers, ground or fibrillated agglomerate of pure plastic and Binder is composed, wherein the layers are pressed hot to a plate.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Holzspanplatte nach der Erfindung sieht folgende Schritte vor: Vermahlen von Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoff aus der Abfallentsorgung und Mischen mit Holzspänen, wobei gleiche Partikelgrößen vorgesehen sind. Die Mischung wird unter Zufuhr von Bindemittel im Warmpreßverfahren zu einer Platte vorgegebener Dicke gepreßt. Das Agglomerat kann z. B. in einer Gewürzmühle vermahlen werden.A method for producing a chipboard according to the invention comprises the following steps: grinding of mixed plastic agglomerate from the waste disposal and mixing with wood chips, wherein the same particle sizes are provided. The mixture is under supply of binder by hot pressing pressed to a plate of predetermined thickness. The agglomerate may, for. B. ground in a spice mill.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Holzfaserplatte sieht folgende Schritte vor: Zerfasern von Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoff aus der Abfallentsorgung und Mischen mit Holzfasern, wobei die Mischung unter Zugabe von Bindemittel im Warmpreßverfahren zu einer Platte vorgegebener Dicke geformt wird. Das Zerkleinern des Agglomerats und/oder des Holzes kann z. B. in einem Messerringzerspaner durchgeführt werden. Alternativ ist auch möglich, Holzhackspäne oder dergleichen zusammen mit Agglomerat in einen Refiner zu geben und dort die Komponenten zu zerfasern und mischen.An inventive method for producing a wood fiber board provides the following steps: pulping agglomerate of mixed plastic from the waste disposal and mixing with wood fibers, wherein the mixture is formed with the addition of binder by hot pressing into a plate of predetermined thickness. The crushing of the agglomerate and / or the wood may, for. B. be performed in a knife ring chipper. Alternatively, it is also possible to give wood chips or the like together with agglomerate in a refiner and there to disintegrate the components and mix.

Es versteht sich, daß bei der Herstellung von Holzspan- oder Holzfaserplatten gemahlenes Agglomerat aus sortenreinem, bei niedrigen Temperaturen schmelzendem Kunststoff zugesetzt wird, um die Eigenschaften der hergestellten Holzwerkstoffplatte in gewünschtem Maße zu erreichen. Bis zu 150%, bezogen auf den Spanoder Faseranteil des Werkstoffs in der Holzwerkstoffplatte, liegen noch Eigenschaften wie einer Span- bzw. einer Holzfaserplatte vor. Derartige Platten können daher gesägt, gefräst, geschliffen oder gebohrt werden. Bei einem höheren Zusatz an Mischkunststoff und/oder sortenreinem Kunststoff nähern sich die Eigenschaften der Holzwerkstoffplatte mehr denen einer Kunststoffplatte, und diese verfügt daher auch über eine gewisse Elastizität. Insbesondere wird jedoch durch Zugabe von gemahlenem Agglomerat aus Reinkunststoff die Querzugfestigkeit signifikant erhöht und die Quellung bei Wassereinlagerung erheblich reduziert.It is understood that in the production of wood chips or wood fiber plates ground agglomerate is added from sorted, melting at low temperatures plastic to achieve the properties of the produced wood-based panel in the desired extent. Up to 150%, based on the Spanoder fiber content of the material in the wood-based panel, are still properties such as a chip or a wood fiber board before. Such plates can therefore be sawn, milled, ground or drilled. With a higher addition of mixed plastic and / or sorted plastic, the properties of the wood-based panel more closely approximate those of a plastic panel, and this therefore also has a certain elasticity. In particular, however, by adding ground agglomerate of pure plastic, the transverse tensile strength is significantly increased and the swelling significantly reduced in water retention.

Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoffplatten läßt sich mit herkömmlichen Produktionsprozessen durchführen. Daher ist der reine Prozeßaufwand nicht höher als bei herkömmlichen Holzwerkstoffplatten.The production of wood-based panels according to the invention can be carried out with conventional production processes. Therefore, the pure process cost is not higher than conventional wood-based panels.

Das Mahlen des Agglomerats aus Reinkunststoff niedrigschmelzender sortenreiner Kunststoffe erfolgt vorzugsweise in gekühlter Form, vorzugsweise in Kryomühlen (Gewürzmühlen mit Kryotechnologie). Es muß verhindert werden, daß die beim Mahlen entstehende Wärme zu einem Anschmelzen des Mahlkorns führt. Eine weitere Technologie ist das Absaugen während des Mahlvorgangs, damit die Partikel vor dem Schmelzen bewahrt werden.The grinding of the agglomerate of pure plastic of low-melting sorted plastics is preferably carried out in cooled form, preferably in cryomills (spice mills with cryotechnology). It must be prevented that the heat generated during grinding leads to a melting of the grinding grain. Another technology is suction during the milling process to prevent the particles from melting.

Nach der Herstellung der einzelnen Komponenten müssen sie naturgemäß gemischt werden. Das Mischen kann unter Zugabe von Kaltklebstoff erfolgen, wodurch eine gewisse Bindung der Anteile von Holzwerkstoff und gemahlenem Agglomerat erzeugt wird, so daß der Transport in die Pressenanordnung, insbesondere beim Trockenverfahren, erleichtert wird. Für die späteren Eigenschaften der hergestellten Holzwerkstoffplatte spielt der zugesetzte Kaltklebstoff keine Rolle.After the preparation of the individual components, they must naturally be mixed. The mixing can be carried out with the addition of cold glue, whereby a certain binding of the proportions of wood material and ground agglomerate is produced, so that the transport into the press arrangement, in particular during the dry process, is facilitated. For the later properties of the wood-based panel produced, the added cold adhesive does not matter.

Nachstehend einige Beispiele für erfindungsgemäße Holzwerkstoffplatten sowie zur Verfahrenstechnologie.Below are some examples of wood-based panels according to the invention and to process technology.

Spanplattenchipboard 1. Beispiel:1st example:

Spanplatte mit einer Dicke d = 13 mm; 100% gemahlenes Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoffen, bezogen auf Holzspanmasse atro mit einer Korngröße < 1,0 mm; Anteil UF-Harz 4%; Paraffinanteil 1%, ebenfalls jeweils bezogen auf Holzmasse atro,Chipboard with a thickness d = 13 mm; 100% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size <1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, also based on wood mass atro,

2. Beispiel:2nd example:

Spanplatte mit einer Dicke d = 4 mm; 150% gemahlenes Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoffen bezogen auf Holzspanmasse atro mit einer Korngröße < 1,0 mm; Anteil UF-Harz 4%; Paraffinanteil 1%, jeweils bezogen auf Holzmasse atro,Chipboard with a thickness d = 4 mm; 150% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size <1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,

Faserplattefibreboard 1. Beispiel:1st example:

Faserplatte mit einer Dicke d = 13 mm; 100% gemahlenes Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoffen, bezogen auf Holzfasermasse atro mit einer Korngröße < 1,0 mm; Anteil UF-Harz 4%; Paraffinanteil 1%, jeweils bezogen auf Holzmasse atro,Fiberboard with a thickness d = 13 mm; 100% milled agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood fiber mass atro with a particle size <1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,

2. Beispiel:2nd example:

Faserplatte mit einer Dicke d = 4 mm; 150% gemahlenes Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoffen, bezogen auf Fasermasse atro mit einer Korngröße < 1,0 mm; Anteil UF-Harz 4%; Paraffinanteil 1%, jeweils bezogen auf Holzmasse atro,Fibreboard with a thickness d = 4 mm; 150% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on fiber mass atro with a grain size <1.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%; Paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,

3. Beispiel:3rd example:

Spanplatte mit einer Dicke d = 13 mm; Dickschicht 100% gemahlenes Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoffen, bezogen auf Holzspanmasse atro mit einer Korngröße < 1,0 mm. Für die Mittel- bzw. andere Schicht 100% gemahlenes Agglomerat aus Folienkunststoff, bezogen auf Holzspanmasse atro mit einer Korngröße < 2,0 mm; Anteil UF-Harz 4%, Paraffinanteil 1%, jeweils bezogen auf Holzmasse atro,Chipboard with a thickness d = 13 mm; Thick layer 100% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size <1.0 mm. For the middle or other layer 100% ground agglomerate of plastic film, based on wood chip mass atro with a grain size <2.0 mm; Proportion of UF resin 4%, paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,

4. Beispiel:4th example:

Spanplatte mit einer Dicke d = 4 mm; 150% gemahlenes Agglomerat aus Mischkunststoffen, bezogen auf Holzspanmasse atro mit einer Korngröße < 1,0 mm und gemahlenes Agglomerat aus Folien mit einer Korngröße < 2,0 mm; Mischverhältnis der gemahlenen Agglomerat-Anteile 1:1; Anteil UF-Harz 4%, Paraffinanteil 1%, jeweils bezogen auf Holzmasse atro,Chipboard with a thickness d = 4 mm; 150% ground agglomerate of mixed plastics, based on wood chip mass atro with a particle size <1.0 mm and ground agglomerate of films with a particle size <2.0 mm; Mixing ratio of the ground agglomerate portions 1: 1; Proportion of UF resin 4%, paraffin content 1%, in each case based on wood mass atro,

Verfahrenstechnologieprocess technology 1. Beispiel:1st example:

Pressen der gemischten Masse in Etagenpresse, Preßflächentemperatur etwa 240°C bei Preßzeitfaktor 15 s/mm, Plattendicke 13 mm, Anfangsdruck 6 bar, für eine Zeit von 80 s Druck gehalten, Druckabfall bis auf 3,5 bar, halten etwa 40 s, weiterer Druckabfall auf 1,5 bar halten 70 s, dann Druckabfalls,Pressing of the mixed mass in platen press, molding surface temperature about 240 ° C at pressing time factor 15 s / mm, plate thickness 13 mm, initial pressure 6 bar, held for a time of 80 s pressure, pressure drop to 3.5 bar, holding about 40 s, more Keep pressure drop to 1.5 bar for 70 s, then pressure drop,

2. Beispiel:2nd example:

Pressen in Etagenpresse, Preßflächentemperatur etwa 240°C bei Preßzeitfaktor 13 s/mm, Plattendicke 13 mm, Anfangsdruck 6 bar, steigern bis 7,5 bar, halten für 80 s, Druckabfall bis auf 3,5 bar, halten etwa 40 s, weiterer Druckabfall auf 1,5 bar, halten 70 s, dann Druckabfall.Pressing in platen press, press surface temperature about 240 ° C at press time factor 13 s / mm, plate thickness 13 mm, initial pressure 6 bar, increase to 7.5 bar, hold for 80 s, pressure drop up to 3.5 bar, hold about 40 s, further Pressure drop to 1.5 bar, hold 70 s, then pressure drop.

Der Mischkunststoff wird vorzugsweise in einem Mahlgang gemahlen und anschließend gesiebt. Der Folienkunststoff, d.h. Reinkunststoff wird in vorzugsweise zwei bis drei Mahlgängen gemahlen mit ebenfalls anschließender Siebung, wobei eine Kühlung des Agglomerats vorzugsweise unter 0°C erfolgt.The mixed plastic is preferably ground in a milling process and then sieved. The film plastic, i. Pure plastic is ground in preferably two to three grinding operations with likewise subsequent screening, wherein cooling of the agglomerate is preferably carried out below 0 ° C.

Claims (16)

  1. A plate of wood material, wherein wood chips or fibres and synthetic particles or fibres, respectively, are compressed with a binding agent to a plate of wood material in a heat compression process, characterized in that the synthetic particles or fibres consist of milled or fiberized agglomerate of mixed synthetics from waste removal and the particle size of wood chips or fibres, respectively, on one hand and of milled agglomerate on the other hand, is approximately equal.
  2. The plate of wood material according to claim 1, characterized in that the fraction of milled or fiberized agglomerate is up to 150 % relative to the mass of wood chips or fibres atro.
  3. The plate of wood material according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that a particle size of wood chips or fibres, respectively, on one hand and of milled agglomerate on the other hand, is 0.05 to 2.0 mm
  4. The plate of wood material according claim 3, characterized in that the particle size is smaller than 1.0 mm.
  5. The plate of wood material according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a fraction of milled agglomerate of low melting plastics of a genuine type from waste removal is added.
  6. The plate of wood material according claim 5, characterized in that the added fraction of milled genuine plastics agglomerate is up to 100 % relative to the fraction of milled or fiberized agglomerate of mixed synthetics.
  7. The plate of wood material according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the agglomerate of genuine plastics is obtained from remains of synthetic foils.
  8. The plate of wood material according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it consists of at least 2 layers, a first layer being composed of wood chips or fibres, milled or fiberized agglomerate of mixed synthetics and binding agent and the second being composed of wood chips or fibres, milled or fiberized agglomerate of genuine plastics and binding agent and the layers are heat-compressed to a plate.
  9. A method for the manufacture of a plate of wood material according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein synthetic particles or fibres and wood chips or fibres of approximately the same particle size are mixed and compressed to a plate of predetermined thickness in a heat-compression process under addition of binding agent, wherein the synthetic particles or firbres of milled or fiberized agglomerate of mixed synthetics are obtained from waste removal
  10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the agglomerate is milled at low temperature.
  11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the agglomerate is milled in a cryo mill.
  12. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the fiberizing of the agglomerate is carried out by a knife ring flaker.
  13. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that wood chips together with agglomerate is fiberized and mixed in a refiner.
  14. The method according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the agglomerate is milled of a genuine type of plastics from waste removal, and the milled product is added to the mixture.
  15. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that during the mixing cold setting adhesive is added.
  16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the mixing is carried out in a glueing drum.
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BRPI0411062A (en) 2006-08-01
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WO2004108374A1 (en) 2004-12-16
AU2004245222B2 (en) 2010-03-04
CA2528219C (en) 2012-09-25
JP4629662B2 (en) 2011-02-09
DE10326181B4 (en) 2008-04-30
PL1633541T3 (en) 2012-09-28
EA200501823A1 (en) 2006-06-30
CA2528219A1 (en) 2004-12-16
DE10326181A1 (en) 2004-12-30
US20060121261A1 (en) 2006-06-08
EP1633541A1 (en) 2006-03-15
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UA82525C2 (en) 2008-04-25
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ES2388853T3 (en) 2012-10-19
CN1867434B (en) 2011-05-18

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