EP1630264B1 - Device and method for defibrating bast fibre plants - Google Patents

Device and method for defibrating bast fibre plants Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1630264B1
EP1630264B1 EP04020221A EP04020221A EP1630264B1 EP 1630264 B1 EP1630264 B1 EP 1630264B1 EP 04020221 A EP04020221 A EP 04020221A EP 04020221 A EP04020221 A EP 04020221A EP 1630264 B1 EP1630264 B1 EP 1630264B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
starting material
shaft
comminuted
drum
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04020221A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1630264A1 (en
Inventor
Günter Butenuth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Farm-Container Maschinen Import und Export Gm GmbH
Original Assignee
Farm-Container Maschinen Import und Export GmbH GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Farm-Container Maschinen Import und Export GmbH GmbH filed Critical Farm-Container Maschinen Import und Export GmbH GmbH
Priority to DE502004005145T priority Critical patent/DE502004005145D1/en
Priority to EP04020221A priority patent/EP1630264B1/en
Priority to AT04020221T priority patent/ATE374849T1/en
Priority to ZA200500225A priority patent/ZA200500225B/en
Priority to CA002496298A priority patent/CA2496298A1/en
Priority to CN200510092302.7A priority patent/CN1740410B/en
Publication of EP1630264A1 publication Critical patent/EP1630264A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1630264B1 publication Critical patent/EP1630264B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01BMECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/28Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating with beaters rotating about an axis perpendicular to the fibre bundle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for defibering bast fiber plants, especially annual plants, such as flax, hemp, kenaf, oil and jute.
  • the fibers of the plant consist of fiber bundles. These have a different bundle length depending on the type of fiber. In hemp this is between about 650mm and about 3500mm, with flax between about 100mm and about 1400mm.
  • the individual fiber in the fiber bundle is connected by means of putty substances (pectin) with the other fibers.
  • pectin putty substances
  • the fiber cell of hemp has a length of about 10mm to about 50mm and that of flax has a length of about 5mm to about 70mm. This means that with higher fiber pulping and accordingly finer fiber a reduction is connected, which theoretically comes close to the length of the single cell.
  • the conditioning machine comprises a breaking device consisting of at least one pair of profiled crushing rollers for the woody outer layer of the fiber plants.
  • the breaking device is followed by a decortical device.
  • the Entholzungsvoriques may consist of paired, sprung and coarsely profiled on the outside conveyor belts, of which the upper conveyor belts perform in addition to their longitudinal movement nor a periodic transverse movement.
  • the broken wood parts are released from the fibers and embedded in the groove of the profiles.
  • a Conveyor belt and a conveyor drum combined with each other or two conveyor belts, which rotate at an acute angle to each other.
  • the document US 5,507,074 discloses a method of crushing a material, such as kenaf, to separate bast from the core.
  • the manufactured length of the crushed material is typically 3 to 5 inches (7.5 to 12.5 cm).
  • the document FR 1,066,514 describes a device having a plurality of rotating elements for processing fiber materials of plants, for example hemp plants.
  • a method for producing tangled fiber material from plant parts in which in a first step submitted crop is taken from a supply stack, in a second step, a material strand is formed with predominantly two-dimensional orientation of the plant parts is performed in a third step, the formed material strand in the work area of a treatment station, in a fourth step, the simultaneous crushing, fiberizing and separating fibers and non-fibrous components (shives) is made and in a fifth Working step, the separate removal of the random fiber material and the non-fibrous plant components takes place.
  • the simultaneous comminution, fiberizing and separating of the fibers and the shives in a processing station can be repeated by arranging at least two processing stations in a series connection.
  • the workstations have percussion tools with blunt hammer surfaces which serve to break up the plant parts and, to a lesser extent, separate the fiber components from the shives.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus and an improved method for defibering bast fiber plants, in particular of annual plants, in gentle processing stages in which the efficiency of the separation of fiber fractions and shives is increased. Moreover, it is an object of the invention to increase the proportion of fibers and / or shives with predetermined properties for further processing, in particular with a predetermined length.
  • a device for defibering bast fiber plants in particular annual plants such as flax, hemp, kenaf, oil and jute, with a comminution device for pre-comminuting a starting material and a buffer in which received the pre-shredded starting material and from which the pre-shredded starting material for a metered supply to a downstream Processing section for fiber pulping and separating fiber fractions and shives is discharged, wherein along the metered with the pre-shredded starting material processing section a series arrangement of a plurality of coarse digestion devices and a plurality of Feinaufschluß learneden is formed.
  • An expedient embodiment of the invention provides that one of the plurality of coarse digestion devices and one of the plurality of fine digestion devices are arranged alternately along the processing path, whereby an alternating coarse / fine digestion of the comminuted starting material can be carried out.
  • Combined with the plurality of coarse digestion devices and the plurality of Feinaufschluß noisyen can be provided in an embodiment of the invention in the array sieves and / or classifier, which serve for separating fiber components and shives along the processing line and / or at the end of the processing section. This can be done at the same time a classification and fractionation on the length of the fiber components / shives.
  • the plurality of coarse digestion devices each have a drum and arranged in the drum rotatable impact elements for processing the pre-shredded starting material, wherein the rotatable impact elements are arranged on a shaft and designed to be pivotable.
  • the impact elements are rotated to edit the material by means of a shaft in the drum and lead here because of the pivotal arrangement pivoting movements.
  • the use of such coarse digestion facilities has the Advantage that in this way compared to known high-speed rotating mills, such as hammer mills, more cost-effective way to coarse pulping of the starting material by shear, friction, impact and / or shock is created.
  • the rotatably mounted impact members are pivotally mounted on a shaft housing and about an axis parallel to the central axis of the shaft are pivotable.
  • hammer-like working impact elements are formed, which additionally pivot about an axis formed outside the central axis of the shaft when turning the shaft in the drum and thus work as a mallet.
  • an embodiment of the invention provides that the rotatably mounted impact elements are blade-shaped. In this way, in particular, it is achieved that the impact and entrainment effect which the impact elements exert on the material to be processed is improved.
  • the paddle-shaped striking elements have at a distal end to the shaft a blade surface which is curved in a direction along the shaft and / or in a direction transverse to the shaft, thereby further improving the transport of processing material is achieved in the coarse pulper.
  • the blade surfaces of impact elements in the longitudinal direction of the shaft adjacent and offset in the circumferential direction of the shaft are arranged so that a substantially closed surface is formed when these striking elements would be moved to a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the shaft.
  • the number and distribution of the impact elements on the shaft can also be chosen so that several times a substantially closed surface is formed. With the help of essentially closed surface of the energy input is optimized for the material to be processed.
  • the running properties of the coarse digestion device are improved in an expedient development of the invention in that the rotatably mounted impact elements are arranged on the shaft along one or more spiral lines extending in the longitudinal direction of the shaft. It can be provided that the rotatably mounted impact elements are positioned substantially along a spiral line extending around the shaft.
  • the impact elements may be arranged each suitably laterally offset to such a circumferential spiral line, so that they are positioned substantially along a spiral circumferential zigzag or curved line.
  • the arrangement along the spiral line prevents a pulsating operation, so that a higher stress of bearing elements is avoided. In addition, this ensures that no plant material sets and it comes to winding phenomena around the shaft.
  • a development of the invention may provide that the rotatably mounted impact elements have an outer striking surface with blunt edges.
  • the blunt formation of the edges avoids when processing the crushed starting material, that too unwanted cutting action results in the digestion of the starting material.
  • the impact effect is improved with the help of these embodiments.
  • an embodiment of the invention provides that a plurality of longitudinally extending impact elements are arranged on an inner wall of the drum.
  • the baffles may be, for example, angular or U-shaped baffles in which angled portions protrude from the inner wall.
  • the starting material in the comminution device is pre-shredded into pieces having a length of about 80 mm to about 120 mm, more preferably to a length of about 120 mm to about 160 mm and particularly preferably to a length of about 160 mm to about 200 mm.
  • the starting material is pre-comminuted to a desired initial length, which in turn substantially influences the length of these constituents obtained during digestion and separation of fiber fractions and shives.
  • Pre-shredding to such lengths also facilitates automated processing of the pre-shredded feedstock along the processing line in the plurality of coarse digestion devices and the plurality of fine digestion devices.
  • the separated in the course of the processing fiber portions after the digestion of the pre-shredded starting material have a length and fiber fineness, which ensure when using the fiber content in insulation products, such as insulation boards, the heat conductivity necessary for the insulation effect.
  • the described method for separating the fiber components can thus be used advantageously in conjunction with a method for producing an insulating product, in particular an insulating panel, such that the separated fiber components in a processing section downstream processing station with a base material, such as a plastic, mixed and to a Molded body.
  • the invention is explained below with reference to embodiments with reference to a drawing.
  • the single figure shows a schematic representation of an apparatus for defibering bast fiber plants, in particular renewable raw materials.
  • a starting material 1 is fed to a comminution device 2.
  • the starting material 1 is a stock of bast fiber plants, such as flax, hemp, kenaf, oil or jute.
  • the starting material 1 is comminuted in Halmabête uniform or approximately uniform length, namely pre-shortened.
  • the starting material 1 is preferably at a length of about 80mm to about 120mm, more preferably a length of about 120mm to about 160mm, and most preferably a length of about 160mm to about 200mm pre-shortened and then fed to the buffer 4.
  • the pre-shortened starting material 3 can be dispensed dosed on a conveyor 5, which serves to supply the pre-shortened starting material 3 a downstream processing section for unlocking and separating fiber fractions and shives.
  • the pre-shortened starting material 3 is fed via the conveyor 5 to a first dynamic digestion unit, which is a coarse digestion device 6, in which the pre-shortened starting material 3 is subjected to coarse digestion. In this processing stage, a first coarse separation of fibers and shives takes place.
  • the coarse digestion device 6 has a partially open lateral surface. In the open area of the lateral surface both an inlet opening for the intake of the material to be processed in the coarse pulper 6 and an outlet opening for discharging the processed material are formed, whereby a simplified structural design is achieved. Due to the centrifugal force, the machined material is thrown onto the conveyor 5 through the outlet opening, whereby a continuous removal is achieved.
  • a rotor is arranged, which is expediently formed by means of a shaft and equipped with blunt flat and / or curved striking elements.
  • the number of these impact elements on the rotor can be designed variably.
  • the striking elements are preferably along the rotor one or more extending around the rotor spiral lines arranged as individual elements on a rotatable shaft.
  • the separated shives are sieved through a sieving line.
  • the coarse digestion device 6 is followed by a fine digestion device 7, which is followed by a further coarse digestion device 8.
  • the comminuted starting material 3 is processed in two further Feinaufschluß drivingen 9, 10.
  • sieves / classifiers (not shown) can be combined with the coarse digestion devices 6, 8 and the fine digestion devices 7, 9, 10, which serve to separate the fiber portions and shives.
  • the arrangement of the coarse digestion devices 6, 8 and the fine digestion devices 7, 9, 10 shown in the figure is exemplary. Depending on the application, a combination of the devices in the series arrangement can be selected.
  • the coarse digestion devices 6, 8 are formed by means of a respective dynamic digestion device, which has a drum 6a, 8a and in the drum 6a, 8a rotatably mounted impact elements 6b, 8b.
  • the striking elements 6b, 8b made scoop or paddle-shaped and mounted on a shaft 11 which serves to turn the striking elements 6b, 8b in the drum 6a, 8a.
  • the impact elements 6b, 8b are pivotally mounted on the shaft 11 so that they can perform 11 additional pivoting movements during rotation of the shaft.
  • this type of attachment allows a time-saving and cost-effective replacement.
  • the impact elements 6b, 8b are preferably distributed along one or more spiral lines extending in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 11. In this way, the largest possible working width is created, which can extend for example over several meters, which allows a high throughput.
  • Blade or paddle surfaces of the impact members 6b, 8b are preferably dimensioned so that the paddle surfaces of impact members distributed along one or more of the spiral lines around the shaft 11 are adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 11 and in the circumferential direction the shaft are offset from each other and thus a substantially closed surface is formed when these striking elements would be moved to a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 11.
  • the number and distribution of the impact elements 6b, 8b on the shaft 11 can also be chosen so that a substantially closed surface is formed several times. With the help of the substantially closed surface of the energy input is optimized for the material to be processed.
  • baffles 6d, 8d are arranged, which are preferably formed as profiled retaining strips and serve to extend the residence time of the crushed starting material 3 in the respective drum 6a, 8a, which allows an increased energy input, thereby the defibration / decortication carried out by means of shear, friction, impact and / or impact is carried out more effectively.
  • the number and the distance of the baffle elements 6d, 8d, which are preferably fixed on the inner wall 6c, 8c, can be designed variably.
  • the plurality of baffles 6d, 8d may be angular or U-shaped elements in which angled legs project from the inner wall 6c, 8c.
  • the rotatably mounted impact elements 6b, 8b have an outer striking surface with one or more blunt edges.
  • the fine disintegration devices 7, 9, 10 each have static and rotating comb elements which engage in a spaced manner when the rotating comb elements are guided past the static comb elements during rotation.
  • the pulping method described in connection with the embodiment can be summarized as follows.
  • the coarse digestion 6 takes place a first rough separation of fibers and shives.
  • the separated shives are sieved through a sieving section (not shown). Siebumblen are known as such and are therefore not explained here.
  • the residual fraction is fed to the fine digestion device 7.
  • comb-like segments are included, which are arranged statically and rotationally and lead by means of interlocking comb elements to a separation of adhering shives and pre-dissolved fiber bundles.
  • the detached shives are then screened and the remaining material for a coarse digestion of the other coarse digestion device 8, which is comparable to the coarse pulper 6, respectively.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

An intermediate storage unit (4) stores pre-comminuted starting material (3) from a comminution device (2). The starting material is fed into a downstream processing section for releasing fibers. An independent claim is also included for method for processing fiber from fiber plants.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Entfasern von Bastfasergewächsen, insbesondere Einjahrespflanzen, wie zum Beispiel Flachs, Hanf, Kenaf, Öllein und Jute.The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for defibering bast fiber plants, especially annual plants, such as flax, hemp, kenaf, oil and jute.

Nachwachsende Rohstoffe erfreuen sich zunehmender Beliebtheit, da sie nicht nur die vorhandenen Ressourcen schonen, sondern auch einen Beitrag zur Verminderung des als Treibhausgas bekannten CO2 liefern. Sowohl die Faseranteile als auch die sogenannten Schäben, bei denen es sich um die holzartigen Anteile der Bastfasergewächsstängel handelt, werden in unterschiedlichen Anwendungsgebieten verwendet. Es wurden deshalb Verfahren und Vorrichtungen entwickelt, um ausgehend von einem Ausgangsmaterial die Faseranteile und die Schäben zu trennen. Dieser Vorgang wird häufig als Entfasern oder Entholzen bezeichnet. Hierbei wird das Ausgangsmaterial einem Prozeß des Faseraufschlusses unterzogen, und anschließend werden Faseranteile und Schäben getrennt.Renewable resources are becoming increasingly popular as they not only conserve existing resources, but also contribute to reducing the CO 2 known as greenhouse gas. Both the fiber portions and the so-called shives, which are the woody portions of bast fiber plant stems, are used in a variety of applications. Therefore, methods and apparatus have been developed for separating the fiber portions and the shives from a source material. This process is often referred to as defibration or undoing. Here, the starting material is subjected to a process of fiber pulping, and then fiber portions and shives are separated.

Bei der Aufbereitung von Einjahrespflanzen wie Flachs oder Hanf besteht das Ziel darin, mit Hilfe eines angepaßten Aufschlußverfahrens das Eigenschaftsprofil der hergestellten Faser an Produkte, die später unter Verwendung der Fasern hergestellt werden, und deren Anforderungen anzupassen. Aufgrund dieser Anforderungen haben in den letzten Jahren Aufschlußverfahren an Bedeutung gewonnen, bei denen sogenannte "grüne" Ausgangsprodukte eingesetzt werden. Der Unterschied zu traditionellen Aufschlußverfahren liegt hierbei in der Feldröste, wobei die Pflanze nach dem Schnitt nur wenige Tage zur Trocknung auf dem Feld verbleibt, um die für eine Einlagerung notwendige Restfeuchte von <18% zu erreichen. Demgegenüber werden für traditionelle Aufschlußverfahren Ausgangsprodukte benötigt, die längere Zeit auf dem Feld verbleiben, wodurch witterungsbedingte und bakterielle Effekte zu einer Versprödung führen, um durch Knickvorgänge beim Faseraufschluß eine leichtere Trennung der Faser von den übrigen Pflanzenbestandteilen zu erzielen. Die Pflanze selbst besteht überwiegend aus Zellulose, Hemizellulose, Pektin, Lignin, wasserlösliche Substanzen sowie geringen Fett- und Wachsanteilen.In the processing of annual plants such as flax or hemp, the objective is to adapt the property profile of the fiber produced to products to be subsequently produced using the fibers and their requirements by means of a suitable pulping method. Due to these requirements, digestion processes have gained in importance in recent years, in which so-called "green" starting materials are used. The difference to traditional digestion methods lies in the field roast, whereby the plant after the cut only a few days left to dry in the field to achieve the necessary for a storage residual moisture content of <18%. In contrast, for traditional pulping process starting materials are required, which remain on the field for a long time, whereby weather-related and bacterial effects lead to embrittlement, to achieve by kinking operations in fiber pulping easier separation of the fiber from the other plant components. The plant itself consists predominantly of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, water-soluble substances and low levels of fat and wax.

Die Fasern der Pflanze bestehen aus Faserbündel. Diese weisen je nach Faserart eine unterschiedliche Bündellänge auf. Bei Hanf liegt diese zwischen etwa 650mm und etwa 3500mm, bei Flachs zwischen etwa 100mm und etwa 1400mm. Die Einzelfaser im Faserbündel ist mittels Kittsubstanzen (Pektin) mit den übrigen Fasern verbunden. Um bestimmte Eigenschaften für spätere Einsatzgebiete zu erhalten ist, es deshalb notwendig, diese Faserbündel bis zu einer gewünschten Feinheitsstufe aufzulösen. Dieses ist bei der grünen Pflanze bedeutend schwieriger, da ein Abbau der Pektine durch die kurze Feldlagerung nur im geringen Umfang stattgefunden hat. Demgegenüber sind aber die hohen Festigkeitseigenschaften weitestgehend erhalten geblieben.The fibers of the plant consist of fiber bundles. These have a different bundle length depending on the type of fiber. In hemp this is between about 650mm and about 3500mm, with flax between about 100mm and about 1400mm. The individual fiber in the fiber bundle is connected by means of putty substances (pectin) with the other fibers. In order to obtain certain properties for later applications, it is therefore necessary to dissolve these fiber bundles to a desired fineness level. This is much more difficult with the green plant, since degradation of the pectins by the short field storage has taken place only to a small extent. In contrast, however, the high strength properties have been largely retained.

Die Auflösung der Faserbündel führt zu einer Einkürzung der Faser. Hierbei ist zu berücksichtigen, daß die Faserzelle von Hanf eine Länge von etwa 10mm bis etwa 50mm und die von Flachs eine Länge von etwa 5mm bis etwa 70mm aufweist. Dieses bedeutet, daß mit höherem Faseraufschluß und dementsprechend feinerer Faser eine Kürzung verbunden ist, die theoretisch bis an die Länge der Einzelzelle heranreicht.The dissolution of the fiber bundles leads to a shortening of the fiber. It should be noted that the fiber cell of hemp has a length of about 10mm to about 50mm and that of flax has a length of about 5mm to about 70mm. This means that with higher fiber pulping and accordingly finer fiber a reduction is connected, which theoretically comes close to the length of the single cell.

Um bei grünem Ausgangsmaterial eine Auflösung der Pflanzenbündel zu erreichen, ist ein hoher Energieeintrag erforderlich. Deshalb werden nach dem Stand der Technik hierzu hochtourige Aggregate verwendet, die durch Prall-, Biege- und Scherbeanspruchung zu einer Auflösung der Faserbündel führen. Es werden bevorzugt Hammermühlen oder hochtourige, turbinenartige Aufschlußanlagen eingesetzt. Fasern aus aggressiver Aufbereitung zerfasern von einem groben Bast in viele Einzelfasern und Fibrillen. Dieses führt zu Knäulbildungen und verfilzten Strukturen mit einer großen Streubreite in der Faserlänge. Derart hochtourige Anlagen führen aber zu den beschriebenen Nachteilen. Außerdem erfolgt der hohe Energieeintrag einstufig, wobei dann die Auflösung der Faserbündel mittels Variation der Ausgestaltung der Schlagelemente und der Drehzahl beeinflußt wird.In order to achieve a resolution of the plant bundles with green starting material, a high energy input is required. Therefore, in the state of the art for this purpose high-speed units are used, which by impact, bending and shearing stress lead to a resolution of the fiber bundles. Hammer mills or high-speed, turbine-type pulping plants are preferably used. Fibers from aggressive processing fiberize from a coarse bast into many individual fibers and fibrils. This leads to Knäulbildungen and matted structures with a large spread in the fiber length. Such high-speed systems lead to the disadvantages described. In addition, the high energy input takes place in one stage, in which case the resolution of the fiber bundles is influenced by varying the design of the impact elements and the rotational speed.

In dem Dokument EP 0 744 477 B1 ist ein Verfahren zur Entfaserung/Entholzung von Bastfasergewächsen beschrieben, wobei das Ausgangsmaterial vor der Entfaserung/Entholzung vorzerkleinert wird, derart, daß das Ausgangsmaterial in Stücke von schütt- und/oder fließfähiger Konsistenz vorzerkleinert und diese Stücke anschließend in einer hochtourigen rotierenden Mühle entfasert werden. Das anschließende Trennen von Fasern und Schäbern erfolgt mit Hilfe von Sieben und/oder Sichtern, wobei die Fasern auch gleichzeitig nach Länge klassifiziert und fraktioniert sowie Überkorn, Staub und Fremdkörper entfernt werden können. Die Entfaserung erfolgt aufgrund der Einwirkung von Prall und/oder Reibung und/oder Scherung in den verwendeten hochtourig rotierenden Mühlen. Die mit Hilfe dieses Verfahrens erzeugten Fasern weisen bevorzugt eine Länge zwischen 1mm und 100mm, insbesondere zwischen 2mm und 50mm auf.In the document EP 0 744 477 B1 there is described a process for defibering / decortication of bast fiber plants, wherein the starting material is pre-shredded prior to defibering such that the raw material is pre-shredded into pourable and / or pourable consistency pieces and then defibered in a high speed rotating mill. The subsequent separation of fibers and shavings is carried out with the aid of sieves and / or classifiers, whereby the fibers can also be simultaneously classified and fractionated by length, and oversize particles, dust and foreign bodies can be removed. Defibration takes place on account of the impact of impact and / or friction and / or shear in the high-speed rotating mills used. The fibers produced by means of this method preferably have a length of between 1 mm and 100 mm, in particular between 2 mm and 50 mm.

Aus dem Dokument DE 38 15 771 A1 ist eine Aufbereitungsmaschine für Faserpflanzen bekannt. Die Aufbereitungsmaschine umfaßt eine aus mindestens einem Paar profilierte Brechwalzen bestehende Brechvorrichtungen für die verholzte Au-ßenschicht der Faserpflanzen. Der Brechvorrichtung ist eine Entholzungsvorrichtung nachgeschaltet. Die Entholzungsvorrichtung kann aus paarweise angeordneten, gefederten und an der Außenseite grob profilierten Förderbändern bestehen, von denen die oberen Förderbänder außer ihrer Längsbewegung noch eine periodische Querbewegung durchführen. Hierdurch werden die gebrochenen Holzteile von den Fasern gelöst und in Nute der Profile eingebettet. Bei einer anderen Ausführung werden ein Förderband und eine Fördertrommel miteinander oder zwei Förderbänder kombiniert, die in einem spitzen Winkel zueinander umlaufen.From the document DE 38 15 771 A1 is a processing machine for fiber plants known. The conditioning machine comprises a breaking device consisting of at least one pair of profiled crushing rollers for the woody outer layer of the fiber plants. The breaking device is followed by a decortical device. The Entholzungsvorrichtung may consist of paired, sprung and coarsely profiled on the outside conveyor belts, of which the upper conveyor belts perform in addition to their longitudinal movement nor a periodic transverse movement. As a result, the broken wood parts are released from the fibers and embedded in the groove of the profiles. In another embodiment, a Conveyor belt and a conveyor drum combined with each other or two conveyor belts, which rotate at an acute angle to each other.

Das Dokument US 5,507,074 offenbart ein Verfahren zum Zerkleinern eines Materials, beispielsweise Kenaf, um Bast von dem Kern zu separieren. Die hergestellte Länge des zerkleinerten Materials beträgt typischerweise 3 bis 5 Inch (7.5 bis 12.5 cm).The document US 5,507,074 discloses a method of crushing a material, such as kenaf, to separate bast from the core. The manufactured length of the crushed material is typically 3 to 5 inches (7.5 to 12.5 cm).

Das Dokument FR 1,066,514 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung mit mehreren rotierenden Elementen zum Bearbeiten von Fasermaterialien von Pflanzen, beispielsweise Hanfpflanzen.The document FR 1,066,514 describes a device having a plurality of rotating elements for processing fiber materials of plants, for example hemp plants.

Weiterhin ergibt sich Stand der Technik nach Artikel 54 (3) EPÜ aus dem Dokument DE 103 31 731 A1 . In diesem Dokument ist eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen der äußeren Faserschichten von den Kerne bildenden Schäben von Hanfpflanzen offenbart. Bei der bekannten Vorrichtung werden die zu einem Ballen gepreßten Hanfpflanzen mittels eines Walzensystems zu einem Pflanzenstrang geformt. Es ist erläutert, daß die Pflanzen beispielsweise in Abschnitte mit einer Länge von etwa 60cm zerschnitten werden. Mittels Förderbändern werden diese Pflanzenabschnitte an Trenn- oder Schälrotoren vorbeigeführt, wobei jeder Trennrotor mit mehreren Reihen von in axialer Richtung in einem relativ geringen Abstand zueinander stehenden Schälmessern versehen ist. Die Schälmesser sind in einer Ausführungsform sichelartig gestaltet. Bei der angegebenen Länge der Pflanzenabschnitte besteht bei der praktischen Umsetzung die Gefahr, daß die Pflanzenabschnitte sich um Teile der Schälrotoren wickeln, was zur Beschädigung der Anlage führen kann, möglicherweise sogar zu einer erhöhten Brandgefahr. Darüber hinaus erscheint ein effektiver Faseraufschluß auf diese Weise kaum möglich. Nach der Trennung der Fasern von den Schäben sollen diese mittels einer Häckseleinrichtung zerkleinert werden.Furthermore, according to Article 54 (3) EPC, the prior art is apparent from the document DE 103 31 731 A1 , This document discloses an apparatus for separating the outer fiber layers from the cores of hemp plants forming cores. In the known device, the hemp plants pressed into a bale are formed into a plant strand by means of a roller system. It is explained that the plants are cut, for example, into sections with a length of about 60 cm. By means of conveyor belts, these plant sections are guided past separating or peeling rotors, each separating rotor being provided with a plurality of rows of peeling knives which are arranged at a relatively small distance in the axial direction. The peeling blades are crescent-shaped in one embodiment. In the specified length of the plant sections in the practical implementation of the risk that the plant sections wrap around parts of the peel rotors, which can lead to damage to the system, possibly even an increased fire hazard. In addition, an effective fiber pulping appears hardly possible in this way. After separation of the fibers from the shives they are to be crushed by a chopper.

In dem Dokument DE 199 25 134 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Wirrfasermaterial aus Pflanzenteilen beschrieben, bei dem in einem ersten Arbeitsschritt vorgelegtes Erntegut einem Vorratsstapel entnommen wird, in einem zweiten Arbeitsschritt ein Materialstrang mit überwiegend zweidimensionaler Ausrichtung der Pflanzenteile gebildet wird, in einem dritten Arbeitsschritt der gebildete Materialstrang in den Arbeitsbereich einer Aufbereitungsstation geführt wird, in einem vierten Arbeitsschritt das gleichzeitige Zerkleinern, Zerfasern und Trennen von Fasern und nichtfaserigen Bestandteilen (Schäben) vorgenommen wird und in einem fünften Arbeitsschritt das getrennte Abführen des Wirrfasermaterials und der nichtfaserigen Pflanzenbestandteile erfolgt. Bei den bekannten Verfahren kann vorgesehen sein, zumindest die Prozeduren Aufschließen der Pflanzenteile, Abführen der erzeugten Materialfraktionen und Nachbehandeln des Wirrfasermaterials wiederholt auszuführen. Das gleichzeitige Zerkleinern, Zerfasern und Trennen der Fasern und der Schäben in einer Bearbeitungsstation kann dadurch wiederholt werden, daß zumindest zwei Bearbeitungsstationen in einer Reihenschaltung angeordnet werden. Die Arbeitsstationen verfügen über Schlagwerkzeuge mit stumpfen Hammerflächen, die zum Anbrechen der Pflanzenteile und in untergeordnetem Maße zum Abtrennen der Faseranteile von den Schäben dienen.In the document DE 199 25 134 A1 a method for producing tangled fiber material from plant parts is described, in which in a first step submitted crop is taken from a supply stack, in a second step, a material strand is formed with predominantly two-dimensional orientation of the plant parts is performed in a third step, the formed material strand in the work area of a treatment station, in a fourth step, the simultaneous crushing, fiberizing and separating fibers and non-fibrous components (shives) is made and in a fifth Working step, the separate removal of the random fiber material and the non-fibrous plant components takes place. In the known methods, it is possible to carry out at least the procedures of breaking up the plant parts, discharging the material fractions produced and after-treatment of the random fiber material. The simultaneous comminution, fiberizing and separating of the fibers and the shives in a processing station can be repeated by arranging at least two processing stations in a series connection. The workstations have percussion tools with blunt hammer surfaces which serve to break up the plant parts and, to a lesser extent, separate the fiber components from the shives.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine verbesserte Vorrichtung und ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Entfasern von Bastfasergewächsen, insbesondere von Einjahrespflanzen, in schonenden Bearbeitungsstufen anzugeben, bei denen die Effizienz der Trennung von Faseranteilen und Schäben erhöht wird. Darüber hinaus ist es Ziel der Erfindung, den Anteil von Fasern und/oder Schäben mit vorbestimmten Eigenschaften für die Weiterverarbeitung zu erhöhen, insbesondere mit einer vorbestimmten Länge.The object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus and an improved method for defibering bast fiber plants, in particular of annual plants, in gentle processing stages in which the efficiency of the separation of fiber fractions and shives is increased. Moreover, it is an object of the invention to increase the proportion of fibers and / or shives with predetermined properties for further processing, in particular with a predetermined length.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Vorrichtung nach dem unabhängigen Anspruch 1 sowie ein Verfahren nach dem unabhängigen Anspruch 11 gelöst.This object is achieved by a device according to independent claim 1 and a method according to independent claim 11.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Entfasern von Bastfasergewächsen, insbesondere Einjahrespflanzen wie Flachs, Hanf, Kenaf, Öllein und Jute, mit einer Zerkleinerungseinrichtung zum Vorzerkleinern eines Ausgangsmaterials und einen Zwischenspeicher, in dem das vorzerkleinerte Ausgangsmaterial aufgenommen und aus dem das vorzerkleinerte Ausgangsmaterial für eine dosierte Zuführung zu einer nachgeschalteten Bearbeitungsstrecke zum Faseraufschluß und zum Trennen von Faseranteilen und Schäben abgegeben wird, wobei entlang der mit dem vorzerkleinerten Ausgangsmaterial dosiert beschickten Bearbeitungsstrecke eine Reihenanordnung von mehreren Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen und mehreren Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen gebildet ist.A device for defibering bast fiber plants, in particular annual plants such as flax, hemp, kenaf, oil and jute, with a comminution device for pre-comminuting a starting material and a buffer in which received the pre-shredded starting material and from which the pre-shredded starting material for a metered supply to a downstream Processing section for fiber pulping and separating fiber fractions and shives is discharged, wherein along the metered with the pre-shredded starting material processing section a series arrangement of a plurality of coarse digestion devices and a plurality of Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen is formed.

Mit Hilfe der Reihenanordnung von Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen und Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen ist die Möglichkeit geschaffen, die Faserfeinheit und die Schäbengröße gezielt zu beeinflussen, indem das vorzerkleinerte Ausgangsmaterial entlang der Bearbeitungsstrecke mehreren Aufschlußprozeduren unterzogen wird, wobei Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen und Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen in der Reihenanordnung je nach Anwendungsfall beliebig miteinander kombinierbar sind. Es ist eine kaskadenförmige Bearbeitungsprozedur ermöglicht, bei der die Anordnung der Grobaufschluß- und der Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen angepaßt werden kann, um Faseranteile und Schäben mit vorgegebenen Eigenschaften für die Weiterverarbeitung zu trennen.With the aid of the series arrangement of coarse digestion devices and fine digestion devices, it is possible to selectively influence the fiber fineness and the size of the shives by subjecting the pre-shredded starting material to several digestion procedures along the processing line, whereby coarse digestion devices and fine digestion devices in the series arrangement can be combined as desired with one another depending on the application. It is a cascade editing procedure allows in which the arrangement of the coarse digestion and the Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen can be adapted to separate fiber components and shives with predetermined properties for further processing.

Eine zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß entlang der Bearbeitungsstrecke abwechselnd eine der mehreren Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen und eine der mehreren Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen angeordnet sind, wodurch ein alternierender Grob-/Feinaufschluß des zerkleinerten Ausgangsmaterials ausgeführt werden kann.An expedient embodiment of the invention provides that one of the plurality of coarse digestion devices and one of the plurality of fine digestion devices are arranged alternately along the processing path, whereby an alternating coarse / fine digestion of the comminuted starting material can be carried out.

Kombiniert mit den mehreren Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen und den mehreren Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen können bei einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung in der Reihenanordnung Siebe und/oder Sichter vorgesehen sein, welche zum Trennen von Faseranteilen und Schäben entlang der Bearbeitungsstrecke und/oder am Ende der Bearbeitungsstrecke dienen. Hierbei kann gleichzeitig eine Klassierung und Fraktionierung nach Länge der Faseranteile/Schäben erfolgen.Combined with the plurality of coarse digestion devices and the plurality of Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen can be provided in an embodiment of the invention in the array sieves and / or classifier, which serve for separating fiber components and shives along the processing line and / or at the end of the processing section. This can be done at the same time a classification and fractionation on the length of the fiber components / shives.

Zweckmäßig kann vorgesehen sein, daß die mehreren Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen jeweils eine Trommel und in der Trommel angeordnete drehbare Schlagelemente zum Bearbeiten des vorzerkleinerten Ausgangsmaterials aufweisen, wobei die drehbaren Schlagelemente an einer Welle angeordnet und schwenkbar ausgeführt sind. Die Schlagelemente werden zum Bearbeiten des Materials mittels einer Welle in der Trommel gedreht und führen hierbei wegen der schwenkbaren Anordnung Schwenkbewegungen aus. Die Verwendung solcher Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen hat den Vorteil, daß auf diese Weise eine im Vergleich zu bekannten hochtourig drehenden Mühlen, beispielsweise Hammermühlen, kostengünstigere Möglichkeit zum Grobaufschluß des Ausgangsmaterials durch Scherung, Reibung, Prall und/oder Schlag geschaffen ist.Appropriately, it can be provided that the plurality of coarse digestion devices each have a drum and arranged in the drum rotatable impact elements for processing the pre-shredded starting material, wherein the rotatable impact elements are arranged on a shaft and designed to be pivotable. The impact elements are rotated to edit the material by means of a shaft in the drum and lead here because of the pivotal arrangement pivoting movements. The use of such coarse digestion facilities has the Advantage that in this way compared to known high-speed rotating mills, such as hammer mills, more cost-effective way to coarse pulping of the starting material by shear, friction, impact and / or shock is created.

Bei einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die drehbar gelagerten Schlagelemente an einem Wellengehäuse schwenkbar gelagert und um eine Achse parallel zur Mittelachse der Welle schwenkbar sind. Auf diese Weise sind schlägelartig arbeitende Schlagelemente gebildet, die beim Drehen der Welle in der Trommel zusätzlich um eine außerhalb der Mittelachse der Welle gebildete Achse schwenken und so als Schlägel arbeiten.In one embodiment of the invention can be provided that the rotatably mounted impact members are pivotally mounted on a shaft housing and about an axis parallel to the central axis of the shaft are pivotable. In this way, hammer-like working impact elements are formed, which additionally pivot about an axis formed outside the central axis of the shaft when turning the shaft in the drum and thus work as a mallet.

Um den Energieeintrag auf das in der Grobaufschlußeinrichtung bearbeitete Material zu verbessern, sieht eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung vor, daß die drehbar gelagerten Schlagelemente schaufelförmig sind. Auf diese Weise wird insbesondere erreicht, daß der Schlag- und Mitnahmeeffekt, welchen die Schlagelemente auf das zu bearbeitende Material ausüben, verbessert wird.In order to improve the energy input to the processed material in the coarse pulper, an embodiment of the invention provides that the rotatably mounted impact elements are blade-shaped. In this way, in particular, it is achieved that the impact and entrainment effect which the impact elements exert on the material to be processed is improved.

Bei einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die schaufelförmigen Schlagelemente an einem zur Welle distalen Ende eine Schaufelfläche aufweisen, die in einer Richtung längs zur Welle und/oder in einer Richtung quer zur Welle gekrümmt ist, wodurch eine weitere Verbesserung des Transports des zu bearbeitenden Materials in der Grobaufschlußeinrichtung erreicht ist. Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Schaufelflächen von Schlagelementen in Längsrichtung der Welle benachbart und in Umfangsrichtung der Welle versetzt zueinander so angeordnet sind, daß eine im wesentlichen geschlossene Fläche gebildet ist, wenn diese Schlagelemente auf eine gerade Linie in Längsrichtung der Welle verschoben würden. Die Anzahl und die Verteilung der Schlagelemente auf der Welle kann auch so gewählt werden, daß mehrfach eine im wesentlichen geschlossene Fläche gebildet ist. Mit Hilfe der im wesentlichen geschlossenen Fläche wird der Energieeintrag auf das zu bearbeitende Material optimiert.In one embodiment of the invention can be provided that the paddle-shaped striking elements have at a distal end to the shaft a blade surface which is curved in a direction along the shaft and / or in a direction transverse to the shaft, thereby further improving the transport of processing material is achieved in the coarse pulper. It can be provided that the blade surfaces of impact elements in the longitudinal direction of the shaft adjacent and offset in the circumferential direction of the shaft are arranged so that a substantially closed surface is formed when these striking elements would be moved to a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the shaft. The number and distribution of the impact elements on the shaft can also be chosen so that several times a substantially closed surface is formed. With the help of essentially closed surface of the energy input is optimized for the material to be processed.

Die Laufeigenschaften der Grobaufschlußeinrichtung werden bei einer zweckmäßigen Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch verbessert, daß die drehbar gelagerten Schlagelemente an der Welle entlang einer oder mehrerer in Längsrichtung der Welle verlaufender Spirallinien angeordnet sind. Hierbei kann vorgesehen sein, daß die drehbar gelagerten Schlagelemente im wesentlichen entlang einer um die Welle verlaufenden Spirallinie positioniert sind. Die Schlagelemente können zweckmäßiger jeweils seitlich versetzt zu einer solchen umlaufenden Spirallinie angeordnet sein, so daß sie im wesentlichen entlang einer spiralförmig umlaufenden Zickzack- oder Kurvenlinie positioniert sind. Die Anordnung entlang der Spirallinie verhindert einen pulsierende Arbeitsweise, so daß eine höhere Beanspruchung von Lagerelementen vermieden ist. Außerdem wird hierdurch gewährleistet, daß sich kein Pflanzenmaterial festsetzt und es zu Wickelerscheinungen um die Welle kommt.The running properties of the coarse digestion device are improved in an expedient development of the invention in that the rotatably mounted impact elements are arranged on the shaft along one or more spiral lines extending in the longitudinal direction of the shaft. It can be provided that the rotatably mounted impact elements are positioned substantially along a spiral line extending around the shaft. The impact elements may be arranged each suitably laterally offset to such a circumferential spiral line, so that they are positioned substantially along a spiral circumferential zigzag or curved line. The arrangement along the spiral line prevents a pulsating operation, so that a higher stress of bearing elements is avoided. In addition, this ensures that no plant material sets and it comes to winding phenomena around the shaft.

Eine Fortbildung der Erfindung kann vorsehen, daß die drehbar gelagerten Schlagelemente eine äußere Schlagfläche mit stumpfen Kanten aufweisen. Die stumpfe Ausbildung der Kanten vermeidet bei der Bearbeitung des zerkleinerten Ausgangsmaterials, daß eine zu ungewollte Schnittwirkung beim Aufschluß des Ausgangsmaterials entsteht. Darüber hinaus wird mit Hilfe dieser Ausgestaltungen die Prallwirkung verbessert.A development of the invention may provide that the rotatably mounted impact elements have an outer striking surface with blunt edges. The blunt formation of the edges avoids when processing the crushed starting material, that too unwanted cutting action results in the digestion of the starting material. In addition, the impact effect is improved with the help of these embodiments.

Um die Aufenthaltsdauer des vorzerkleinerten Ausgangsmaterials in der Trommel zu erhöhen, was zu einer verbesserten Aufschluß- und Trennwirkung in den einzelnen Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen führt, sieht eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vor, daß auf einer Innenwand der Trommel mehrere in Längsrichtung verlaufende Prallelemente angeordnet sind. Bei den Prallelementen kann es sich beispielsweise um winkelförmige oder u-förmige Prallelemente handeln, bei denen abgewinkelte Abschnitte von der Innenwand abstehen.In order to increase the residence time of the pre-shredded starting material in the drum, which leads to an improved digestion and separation effect in the individual coarse digestion devices, an embodiment of the invention provides that a plurality of longitudinally extending impact elements are arranged on an inner wall of the drum. The baffles may be, for example, angular or U-shaped baffles in which angled portions protrude from the inner wall.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß das Ausgangsmaterial in der Zerkleinerungseinrichtung in Stücke mit einer Länge von etwa 80mm bis etwa 120mm, weiter bevorzugt auf eine Länge von etwa 120mm bis etwa 160mm und besonders bevorzugt auf eine Länge von etwa 160mm bis etwa 200mm vorzerkleinert wird. Auf diese Weise wird einerseits erreicht, daß das Ausgangsmaterial auf eine gewünschte Ausgangslänge vorzerkleinert wird, welche ihrerseits wesentlich die beim Aufschließen und Trennen von Faseranteilen und Schäben erhaltene Länge dieser Bestandteile beeinflußt. Die Vorzerkleinerung auf solche Längen erleichtert darüber hinaus die automatisierte Verarbeitung des vorzerkleinerten Ausgangsmaterials entlang der Bearbeitungsstrekke in den mehreren Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen und den mehreren Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen.It can be provided that the starting material in the comminution device is pre-shredded into pieces having a length of about 80 mm to about 120 mm, more preferably to a length of about 120 mm to about 160 mm and particularly preferably to a length of about 160 mm to about 200 mm. In this way it is achieved, on the one hand, that the starting material is pre-comminuted to a desired initial length, which in turn substantially influences the length of these constituents obtained during digestion and separation of fiber fractions and shives. Pre-shredding to such lengths also facilitates automated processing of the pre-shredded feedstock along the processing line in the plurality of coarse digestion devices and the plurality of fine digestion devices.

Mittels der Vorzerkleinerung wird darüber hinaus erreicht, daß die im Verlauf der Bearbeitungsstrecke getrennten Faseranteile nach dem Aufschluß des vorzerkleinerten Ausgangsmaterials eine Länge und Faserfeinheit aufweisen, welche bei Verwendung der Faseranteile in Dämmstoffprodukten, beispielsweise Dämmstoffplatten, die für die Dämmwirkung notwendige Wärmeleitfähigkeit gewährleisten. Das beschriebene Verfahren zum Trennen der Faseranteile kann somit vorteilhaft in Verbindung mit einem Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Dämmstoffproduktes, insbesondere einer Dämmstoffplatte verwendet werden, derart, daß die getrennten Faseranteile in einer der Bearbeitungsstrecke nachgeordneten Verarbeitungsstation mit einem Basismaterial, beispielsweise einem Kunststoff, gemischt und zu einem Formkörper geformt werden.By pre-crushing is also achieved that the separated in the course of the processing fiber portions after the digestion of the pre-shredded starting material have a length and fiber fineness, which ensure when using the fiber content in insulation products, such as insulation boards, the heat conductivity necessary for the insulation effect. The described method for separating the fiber components can thus be used advantageously in conjunction with a method for producing an insulating product, in particular an insulating panel, such that the separated fiber components in a processing section downstream processing station with a base material, such as a plastic, mixed and to a Molded body.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt die einzige Figur eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Entfasern von Bastfasergewächsen, insbesondere nachwachsende Rohstoffe.The invention is explained below with reference to embodiments with reference to a drawing. Here, the single figure shows a schematic representation of an apparatus for defibering bast fiber plants, in particular renewable raw materials.

Gemäß der Figur wird ein Ausgangsmaterial 1 einer Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 2 zugeführt. Bei dem Ausgangsmaterial 1 handelt es sich um Halmmaterial von Bastfasergewächsen, wie zum Beispiel Flachs, Hanf, Kenaf, Öllein oder Jute. Das Ausgangsmaterial 1 wird in Halmabschnitte gleichmäßiger oder etwa gleichmäßiger Länge zerkleinert, nämlich vorgekürzt. Ein so vorgekürztes Ausgangsmaterial 3 gelangt dann in einen Zwischenspeicher 4. Das Ausgangsmaterial 1 wird bevorzugt auf eine Länge von etwa 80mm bis etwa 120mm, weiter bevorzugt auf eine Länge von etwa 120mm bis etwa 160mm und besonders bevorzugt auf eine Länge von etwa 160mm bis etwa 200mm vorgekürzt und dann dem Zwischenspeicher 4 zugeführt.According to the figure, a starting material 1 is fed to a comminution device 2. The starting material 1 is a stock of bast fiber plants, such as flax, hemp, kenaf, oil or jute. The starting material 1 is comminuted in Halmabschnitte uniform or approximately uniform length, namely pre-shortened. The starting material 1 is preferably at a length of about 80mm to about 120mm, more preferably a length of about 120mm to about 160mm, and most preferably a length of about 160mm to about 200mm pre-shortened and then fed to the buffer 4.

Aus dem Zwischenspeicher 4 kann das vorgekürzte Ausgangsmaterial 3 dosiert abgegeben werden auf eine Fördereinrichtung 5, welche dazu dient, das vorgekürzte Ausgangsmaterial 3 einer nachgeordneten Bearbeitungsstrecke zum Aufschließen und zum Trennen von Faseranteilen und Schäben zuzuführen. Das vorgekürzte Ausgangsmaterial 3 wird über die Fördereinrichtung 5 einer ersten dynamischen Aufschlußeinheit zugeführt, bei der es sich um eine Grobaufschlußeinrichtung 6 handelt, in der das vorgekürzte Ausgangsmaterial 3 einem Grobaufschluß unterzogen wird. In dieser Bearbeitungsstufe erfolgt eine erste grobe Trennung von Fasern und Schäben. Die Grobaufschlußeinrichtung 6 weist eine teilweise offene Mantelfläche auf. Im offenen Bereich der Mantelfläche sind sowohl eine Einlaßöffnung für das Einziehen des in der Grobaufschlußeinrichtung 6 zu bearbeitende Material als auch eine Auslaßöffnung zum Abführen des bearbeiteten Materials gebildet, wodurch ein vereinfachter konstruktiver Aufbau erreicht ist. Durch die Auslaßöffnung wird aufgrund der Zentrifugalkraft das bearbeitete Material auf die Fördereinrichtung 5 geschleudert, wodurch ein fortdauernder Abtransport erreicht ist.From the buffer 4, the pre-shortened starting material 3 can be dispensed dosed on a conveyor 5, which serves to supply the pre-shortened starting material 3 a downstream processing section for unlocking and separating fiber fractions and shives. The pre-shortened starting material 3 is fed via the conveyor 5 to a first dynamic digestion unit, which is a coarse digestion device 6, in which the pre-shortened starting material 3 is subjected to coarse digestion. In this processing stage, a first coarse separation of fibers and shives takes place. The coarse digestion device 6 has a partially open lateral surface. In the open area of the lateral surface both an inlet opening for the intake of the material to be processed in the coarse pulper 6 and an outlet opening for discharging the processed material are formed, whereby a simplified structural design is achieved. Due to the centrifugal force, the machined material is thrown onto the conveyor 5 through the outlet opening, whereby a continuous removal is achieved.

Innerhalb der trommelförmigen Mantelfläche ist ein Rotor angeordnet, der zweckmäßig mittels einer Welle gebildet und mit stumpfen flachen und/oder gekrümmten Schlagelementen bestückt ist. Die Anzahl dieser Schlagelemente an dem Rotor ist variabel gestaltbar. Die Schlagelemente sind an dem Rotor vorzugsweise entlang einer oder mehrerer um den Rotor verlaufender Spirallinien als Einzelelemente verteilt auf einer drehbaren Welle angeordnet.Within the drum-shaped lateral surface, a rotor is arranged, which is expediently formed by means of a shaft and equipped with blunt flat and / or curved striking elements. The number of these impact elements on the rotor can be designed variably. The striking elements are preferably along the rotor one or more extending around the rotor spiral lines arranged as individual elements on a rotatable shaft.

Anschließend werden die abgetrennten Schäben über eine Siebstrecke abgesiebt. Auf die Grobaufschlußeinrichtung 6 folgt eine Feinaufschlußeinrichtung 7, der eine weitere Grobaufschlußeinrichtung 8 nachgeschaltet ist. Danach wird das zerkleinerte Ausgangsmaterial 3 in zwei weiteren Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen 9, 10 bearbeitet. Entlang der Bearbeitungsstrecke können mit den Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen 6, 8 und den Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen 7, 9, 10 Siebe/Sichter (nicht dargestellt) kombiniert werden, die zum Trennen der Faseranteile und Schäben dienen. Die in der Figur dargestellte Reihenanordnung der Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen 6, 8 und der Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen 7, 9, 10 ist beispielhaft. Je nach Anwendung kann eine Kombination der Geräte in der Reihenanordnung gewählt werden.Subsequently, the separated shives are sieved through a sieving line. The coarse digestion device 6 is followed by a fine digestion device 7, which is followed by a further coarse digestion device 8. Thereafter, the comminuted starting material 3 is processed in two further Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen 9, 10. Along the processing line sieves / classifiers (not shown) can be combined with the coarse digestion devices 6, 8 and the fine digestion devices 7, 9, 10, which serve to separate the fiber portions and shives. The arrangement of the coarse digestion devices 6, 8 and the fine digestion devices 7, 9, 10 shown in the figure is exemplary. Depending on the application, a combination of the devices in the series arrangement can be selected.

Die Grobaufschlußeinrichtungen 6, 8 sind mit Hilfe eines jeweiligen dynamischen Aufschlußgeräts gebildet, welches über eine Trommel 6a, 8a sowie in der Trommel 6a, 8a drehbar gelagerte Schlagelemente 6b, 8b verfügt. Die Schlagelemente 6b, 8b schaufel- oder paddelförmig ausgeführt und an einer Welle 11 gelagert, die dazu dient, die Schlagelemente 6b, 8b in der Trommel 6a, 8a zu drehen. Hierbei sind die Schlagelemente 6b, 8b an der Welle 11 schwenkbar befestigt, so daß sie beim Drehen der Welle 11 zusätzliche Schwenkbewegungen ausführen können. Darüber hinaus erlaubt diese Art der Befestigung einen zeitsparenden und kostengünstigen Austausch.The coarse digestion devices 6, 8 are formed by means of a respective dynamic digestion device, which has a drum 6a, 8a and in the drum 6a, 8a rotatably mounted impact elements 6b, 8b. The striking elements 6b, 8b made scoop or paddle-shaped and mounted on a shaft 11 which serves to turn the striking elements 6b, 8b in the drum 6a, 8a. Here, the impact elements 6b, 8b are pivotally mounted on the shaft 11 so that they can perform 11 additional pivoting movements during rotation of the shaft. In addition, this type of attachment allows a time-saving and cost-effective replacement.

Die Schlagelemente 6b, 8b sind bevorzugt entlang einer oder mehrerer in Längsrichtung der Welle 11 verlaufender Spirallinien verteilt. Auf diese Weise ist eine möglichst große Arbeitsbreite geschaffen, die sich beispielsweise über mehrere Meter erstrecken kann, was einen hohen Durchsatz ermöglicht.The impact elements 6b, 8b are preferably distributed along one or more spiral lines extending in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 11. In this way, the largest possible working width is created, which can extend for example over several meters, which allows a high throughput.

Schaufel- oder Paddelflächen der Schlagelemente 6b, 8b sind hinsichtlich ihrer Abmessungen vorzugsweise so ausgeführt, daß die Schaufel- oder Paddelflächen von Schlagelementen, die entlang einer oder mehrerer der Spirallinien um die Welle 11 herum verteilt sind, in Längsrichtung der Welle 11 benachbart und in Umfangsrichtung der Welle versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind und somit eine im wesentlichen geschlossene Fläche gebildet ist, wenn diese Schlagelemente auf eine gerade Linie in Längsrichtung der Welle 11 verschoben würden. Die Anzahl und die Verteilung der Schlagelemente 6b, 8b auf der Welle 11 kann auch so gewählt werden, daß mehrfach eine im wesentlichen geschlossene Fläche gebildet ist. Mit Hilfe der im wesentlichen geschlossenen Fläche wird der Energieeintrag auf das zu bearbeitende Material optimiert.Blade or paddle surfaces of the impact members 6b, 8b are preferably dimensioned so that the paddle surfaces of impact members distributed along one or more of the spiral lines around the shaft 11 are adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 11 and in the circumferential direction the shaft are offset from each other and thus a substantially closed surface is formed when these striking elements would be moved to a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 11. The number and distribution of the impact elements 6b, 8b on the shaft 11 can also be chosen so that a substantially closed surface is formed several times. With the help of the substantially closed surface of the energy input is optimized for the material to be processed.

Auf einer Innenwand 6c, 8c der Mantelfläche sind mehrere Prallelemente 6d, 8d angeordnet, die bevorzugt als profilierte Rückhalteleisten gebildet sind und dazu dienen, die Aufenthaltsdauer des zerkleinerten Ausgangsmaterials 3 in der jeweiligen Trommel 6a, 8a zu verlängern, was einen erhöhten Energieeintrag ermöglicht, wodurch die mittels Scherung, Reibung, Prall und/oder Schlag ausgeführte Entfaserung/Entholzung effektiver ausgeführt wird. Die Anzahl und der Abstand der bevorzugt auf der Innenwand 6c, 8c fixierten Prallelemente 6d, 8d sind variabel gestaltbar. Bei den mehreren Prallelementen 6d, 8d kann es sich um winkelförmige oder u-förmige Elemente handeln, bei denen abgewinkelte Schenkel von der Innenwand 6c, 8c abstehen. Die drehbar gelagerten Schlagelemente 6b, 8b verfügen über eine äußere Schlagfläche mit einer oder mehreren stumpfen Kanten.On an inner wall 6c, 8c of the lateral surface a plurality of baffles 6d, 8d are arranged, which are preferably formed as profiled retaining strips and serve to extend the residence time of the crushed starting material 3 in the respective drum 6a, 8a, which allows an increased energy input, thereby the defibration / decortication carried out by means of shear, friction, impact and / or impact is carried out more effectively. The number and the distance of the baffle elements 6d, 8d, which are preferably fixed on the inner wall 6c, 8c, can be designed variably. The plurality of baffles 6d, 8d may be angular or U-shaped elements in which angled legs project from the inner wall 6c, 8c. The rotatably mounted impact elements 6b, 8b have an outer striking surface with one or more blunt edges.

Die Feinaufschlußeinrichtungen 7, 9, 10 weisen jeweils statische und rotierende Kammelemente auf, die beabstandet ineinandergreifen, wenn die rotierenden Kammelemente beim Rotieren an den statischen Kammelementen vorbei geführt werden.The fine disintegration devices 7, 9, 10 each have static and rotating comb elements which engage in a spaced manner when the rotating comb elements are guided past the static comb elements during rotation.

Das in Verbindung mit dem Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebene Aufschlußverfahren kann wie folgt zusammengefaßt werden. In der Grobaufschlußeinrichtung 6 erfolgt eine erste grobe Trennung von Fasern und Schäben. Anschließend werden die abgetrennten Schäben über eine Siebstrecke (nicht dargestellt) abgesiebt. Siebstrecken sind als solche bekannt und werden deshalb hier nicht näher erläutert. Die Restfraktion wird der Feinaufschlußeinrichtung 7 zugeführt. In dieser Maschineneinheit sind kammartige Segmente enthalten, die statisch und rotatorisch angeordnet sind und mittels ineinandergreifender Kammelemente zu einer Trennung von anhaftenden Schäben und voraufgelösten Faserbündel führen. Die abgelösten Schäben werden anschließend abgesiebt und das restliche Material für einen Grobaufschluß der weiteren Grobaufschlußeinrichtung 8, die mit der Grobaufschlußeinrichtung 6 vergleichbar ist, zugeführt. Durch die in den vorgeschalteten Arbeitsschritten erfolgte Trennung von Teilmengen (Schäben) wird dieser Bearbeitungsstation eine deutlich reduzierte Materialmenge zugeführt, so daß sich der Energieeintrag für den Grobaufschluß nur noch auf die restlichen Faserbündel und auf die Faserbündel mit noch nicht von diesen abgelösten Schäben auswirkt. Es folgt die weitere Feinaufschlußeinrichtung 9 mit anschließender Siebstrecke. Dieses Fasermaterial wird dann der Feinaufschlußeinrichtung 10 zur Schäbentrennung zugeführt. Nach dieser Bearbeitungsstufe weisen die Fasern eine hohe Auflösung bei geringem Restschäbengehalt auf. Bei Bedarf können auf die Feinaufschlußeinrichtung 10 weitere nachgeschaltete Feinaufschlußeinheiten und/oder Siebstrecken folgen.The pulping method described in connection with the embodiment can be summarized as follows. In the coarse digestion 6 takes place a first rough separation of fibers and shives. Subsequently, the separated shives are sieved through a sieving section (not shown). Siebstrecken are known as such and are therefore not explained here. The residual fraction is fed to the fine digestion device 7. In this machine unit comb-like segments are included, which are arranged statically and rotationally and lead by means of interlocking comb elements to a separation of adhering shives and pre-dissolved fiber bundles. The detached shives are then screened and the remaining material for a coarse digestion of the other coarse digestion device 8, which is comparable to the coarse pulper 6, respectively. As a result of the separation of partial quantities (shives) which has taken place in the preceding steps, a significantly reduced amount of material is supplied to this processing station, so that the energy input for the coarse digestion only has an effect on the remaining fiber bundles and on the fiber bundles with shives not yet detached therefrom. It follows the further Feinaufschlußeinrichtung 9 with subsequent Siebstrecke. This fibrous material is then fed to the fine disintegrator 10 for separation of the shives. After this processing stage, the fibers have a high resolution with low residual shives content. If necessary, further fine digestion units and / or screening sections can follow the fine digestion device 10.

Die in der vorstehenden Beschreibung, den Ansprüchen und der Zeichnung offenbarten Merkmale der Erfindung können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination für die Verwirklichung der Erfindung in ihren verschiedenen Ausführungsformen von Bedeutung sein.The features of the invention disclosed in the foregoing description, in the claims and in the drawing may be of importance both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Ausgangsmaterialstarting material
22
Zerkleinerungseinrichtungcomminution device
33
vorzerkleinertes Ausgangsmaterialpre-shredded starting material
44
Zwischenspeichercache
55
FördereinrichtungConveyor
6, 86, 8
GrobaufschlußeinrichtungCoarse defibration device
6a, 8a6a, 8a
Trommeldrum
6b, 8b6b, 8b
drehbar gelagerte Schlagelementerotatably mounted impact elements
6c, 8c6c, 8c
Innenwand der TrommelInner wall of the drum
6d, 8d6d, 8d
Prallelementebaffles
7, 9, 107, 9, 10
FeinaufschlußeinrichtungFine defibration device
1111
Wellewave

Claims (18)

  1. Device for defibration of bast fibre plants, particularly annual plants such as flax, hemp, kenaf, linseed and jute, with a comminuting device (2) for pre-comminution of a starting material (1) and an intermediate store (4) in which the pre-comminuted starting material (3) is received and from which the pre-comminuted starting material (2) is delivered for a metered feed to a downstream processing path for fibre defibration and for separation of fibre portions and shives, characterised in that a serial arrangement of several coarse defibration devices (6, 8) and several fine defibration devices (7, 9, 10) is formed along the processing path charged in metered manner with the pre-comminuted starting material (3).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that one of the several coarse defibration devices (6, 8) and one of the several fine defibration devices (7, 9, 10) are arranged in alternation along the processing path.
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that sieves and/or sifters are provided along the processing path.
  4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the several coarse defibration devices (6, 8) each comprise a drum (6a, 8a) and rotatable beater elements (6b, 8b), which are arranged in the drum (6a, 8a), for processing the pre-comminuted starting material (3), wherein the rotatable beater elements (6b, 8b) are arranged at a shaft (11) and executed to be pivotable.
  5. Device according to claim 4, characterised in that the rotatably mounted beater elements (6b, 8b) are pivotably mounted at a shaft housing and are pivotable about an axis parallel to the centre axis of the shaft (11).
  6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the rotatably mounted beater elements (6b, 8b) are shovel-shaped.
  7. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that the shovel-shaped beater elements (6b, 8b) have at a distal end with respect to the shaft (11) a shovel surface which is curved in a direction longitudinally with respect to the shaft (11) and/or in a direction transversely with respect to the shaft (11).
  8. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterised in that the rotatably mounted beater elements (6b, 8b) are arranged at the shaft (11) along one or more spiral lines extending in longitudinal direction of the shaft (11).
  9. Device according to claim one of claims 4 to 8, characterised in that the rotatably mounted beater elements (6b, 8b) have an outer beating surface with blunt edges.
  10. Device according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterised in that several baffle elements (6d, 8d) extending in longitudinal direction are arranged on an inner wall (6c, 8c) of the drum (6a, 8a).
  11. Method for defibrating of bast fibre plants, particularly annual plants such as flax, hemp, kenaf, linseed and jute, in which a starting material (1) is pre-comminuted in a comminuting device (2) and in which the pre-comminuted starting material (3) is received in an intermediate store (4), is fed from the intermediate store (4) in metered manner to a downstream processing path and is processed along the processing path for fibre defibration and for separation of fibre portions and shives, characterised in that the pre-comminuted starting material (3) is processed along the processing path in a serial arrangement of several coarse defibration devices (6, 8) and several fine defibration devices (7, 9, 10).
  12. Method according to claim 11, characterised in that the starting material (1) is pre-comminuted in the comminuting device (2) into pieces with a length, of approximately 80 millimetres to approximately 120 millimetres.
  13. Method according to claim 11, characterised in that the starting material (1) is pre-comminuted in the comminuting device (2) into pieces with a length of approximately 120 millimetres to approximately 160 millimetres.
  14. Method according to claim 11, characterised in that the starting material (1) is pre-comminuted in the comminuting device (2) into pieces with a length of approximately 160 millimetres to approximately 200 millimetres.
  15. Method according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that the fibre portions and the shives are separated along the processing path by means of sieves and/or sifters.
  16. Method according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterised in that the pre-comminuted starting material (3) is processed in the several coarse defibration devices (6, 8) in each instance in a drum (6a, 8b) by rotatable beater elements (6b, 8b) arranged in the drum (6a, 8a), wherein the rotatable beater elements (6b, 8b) are arranged at a shaft (11) and executed to be pivotable.
  17. Method according to claim 16, characterised in that the comminuted starting material (3) is processed in the drum (6a, 8a) by means of an outer beater surface of the beater elements (6b, 8b), wherein blunt edges are formed in the region of the outer beater surface.
  18. Method according to claim 16 or 17, characterised in that the pre-comminuted starting material (3) is centrifuged in the drum (6a, 8a) against several baffle elements (6d, 8d) which extend in longitudinal direction and which are arranged on an inner wall (6c, 8c) of the drum (6a, 8a).
EP04020221A 2004-08-26 2004-08-26 Device and method for defibrating bast fibre plants Expired - Lifetime EP1630264B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502004005145T DE502004005145D1 (en) 2004-08-26 2004-08-26 Device and method for defibering bast fiber plants
EP04020221A EP1630264B1 (en) 2004-08-26 2004-08-26 Device and method for defibrating bast fibre plants
AT04020221T ATE374849T1 (en) 2004-08-26 2004-08-26 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DEFINING BASTE FIBER GROWTH
ZA200500225A ZA200500225B (en) 2004-08-26 2005-01-11 Apparatus and process for fibre release from bast fibre plants.
CA002496298A CA2496298A1 (en) 2004-08-26 2005-02-07 Apparatus and process for defibration of bast fiber plants
CN200510092302.7A CN1740410B (en) 2004-08-26 2005-08-26 Device and method for defibrating bast fibre plants

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04020221A EP1630264B1 (en) 2004-08-26 2004-08-26 Device and method for defibrating bast fibre plants

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1630264A1 EP1630264A1 (en) 2006-03-01
EP1630264B1 true EP1630264B1 (en) 2007-10-03

Family

ID=34926305

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04020221A Expired - Lifetime EP1630264B1 (en) 2004-08-26 2004-08-26 Device and method for defibrating bast fibre plants

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1630264B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1740410B (en)
AT (1) ATE374849T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2496298A1 (en)
DE (1) DE502004005145D1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200500225B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2687594C (en) * 2007-05-23 2016-01-19 Alberta Research Council Inc. Decortication process
CN102978715B (en) * 2012-12-11 2015-01-14 海南大学 Extraction machine for field handling of banana stalk fiber
CN103061175B (en) * 2012-12-21 2015-05-20 新疆博湖苇业股份有限公司 Reed pulping and preparing device and usage method thereof
CN113501354B (en) * 2021-08-04 2022-08-09 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 Even release of bale breaking before kelp is floated and scalds

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1066514A (en) * 1951-11-19 1954-06-08 Machine for treating and scutching fibrous stems
FR1322981A (en) * 1962-02-22 1963-04-05 Bessonneau Ets New process for preparing bast fibers, in particular hemp and flax
CN1003083B (en) * 1987-06-03 1989-01-18 湖北省纺织工业科学研究所 Ramie fibre separator
DE3815771A1 (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-11-23 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Treatment machine for fibrous plants
CN2089937U (en) * 1990-12-30 1991-12-04 山东省聊城地区农机研究所 Peeler for plant bast
DE4119749A1 (en) * 1991-06-15 1992-12-17 Claas Ohg METHOD FOR REMOVING FLAX AND FLAT PREPARATION MACHINE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD
US5507074A (en) * 1995-02-24 1996-04-16 Mississippi State University Decorticating method for separating bast from core of forage chopped kenaf or the like
DE19518188C2 (en) * 1995-05-21 1998-06-10 Rolf Dr Hesch Process for fiber removal or de-wooding of bast fiber plants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502004005145D1 (en) 2007-11-15
CN1740410B (en) 2010-07-21
CA2496298A1 (en) 2006-02-26
ZA200500225B (en) 2005-07-11
EP1630264A1 (en) 2006-03-01
CN1740410A (en) 2006-03-01
ATE374849T1 (en) 2007-10-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0744477B1 (en) Method for the defibration respectively decorticating of bast fiber plants
EP2788544B2 (en) Method for treating waste paper
DE2513853A1 (en) DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PULVERIZING AND SORTING URBAN WASTE
DE3026205A1 (en) METHOD FOR FRINGING FIBER SHEETS ARRANGED IN STACKS
DE2831309A1 (en) SCHLAGENTSCHELER
DE102015223333B4 (en) Process and plant for processing high-strength paper products
CN111590711A (en) Method for processing fiberboard and crushing and sorting device used for same
DE19626557B4 (en) Method and device for processing raw plant material
EP0971065A2 (en) Process and apparatus for obtaining natural fibres, in particular bamboo fibres, for use as a reinforcing material
EP1630264B1 (en) Device and method for defibrating bast fibre plants
DE19918166B4 (en) Apparatus for obtaining short fibers
WO1999048609A2 (en) Device and method for the preliminary disintegration of fibrous plants and for shortening the same as well as for separating fibres and wood chips
WO2002042039A1 (en) Intermediate product, method and device for producing wood chips
DE3306068C2 (en) Shredding machine for producing wood chips
EP1050391B1 (en) Hammer chipper for chipping
WO2014166797A2 (en) Method and device for comminuting
DE10137008C1 (en) Wood chip production method has wood chips of reduced size separated out via sieve with defined sieve openings
DE202008016663U1 (en) comminution device
CH266380A (en) Process for the production of feltable wood fibers for the production of moldings.
DE745116C (en) Device for shredding bark, bark, bast, wood splinters and the like. like
AT510785B1 (en) MECHANICAL PULP AND A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF MECHANICAL PEPPER
DE102007003698B3 (en) Flat chippings producing method for structure oriented derived timber product e.g. cellulose containing plates, involves subjecting preliminary product to hydrothermal treatment, and subjecting product to chipping or splitting
DE3123484C2 (en) Shredding device for fibrous material
EP1184490A1 (en) Device for defibring stalk, stem and/or leaf type renewable raw materials
DE850518C (en) Process for the production of feltable wood fibers and the production of molded bodies made from them

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20050226

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL HR LT LV MK

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: FARM-CONTAINER GMBH MASCHINEN IMPORT UND EXPORT GM

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 502004005145

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20071115

Kind code of ref document: P

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080114

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080103

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080303

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080103

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

EN Fr: translation not filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20080704

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080718

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20080818

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080104

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080831

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080831

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080826

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080826

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100302

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080404

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071003

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080831