EP1184490A1 - Device for defibring stalk, stem and/or leaf type renewable raw materials - Google Patents

Device for defibring stalk, stem and/or leaf type renewable raw materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1184490A1
EP1184490A1 EP01120047A EP01120047A EP1184490A1 EP 1184490 A1 EP1184490 A1 EP 1184490A1 EP 01120047 A EP01120047 A EP 01120047A EP 01120047 A EP01120047 A EP 01120047A EP 1184490 A1 EP1184490 A1 EP 1184490A1
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Prior art keywords
drum
grinders
tools
bars
wall
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EP01120047A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1184490B1 (en
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E. E. Dr.-Ing. Prof. Schilling
Dagmar Dr. Gaese
Josef Rickert
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Raiffeisen-Waren-Zentrale Rhein-Main eG
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Raiffeisen-Waren-Zentrale Rhein-Main eG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/24—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating with toothed or other pointed devices

Definitions

  • Fibrillation is generally understood to mean the dissolution of a substance with a fiber structure in fiber bundles or single fibers. So far, fibering has mainly come in of great importance to the paper and pulp industry. The mechanical used Fibrillation takes advantage of the fact that the bonds between the Fibers are weaker than inside the fibers. The stress should only if possible Shear stresses in the direction of the fibers, supported by perpendicular tensile stresses, generate, while tensile stresses in the fiber direction to tear the Guide single fibers.
  • Machines for defibrating in the paper and pulp industry are, for example Dutchman and the disk mill, in particular toothed disk mill with two toothed disks, one of which rotates and the other stands still.
  • the disk mill intended for wet defibration consists of two flat ones Discs or hollow cones arranged horizontally or vertically on a shaft are. One disc (rotor) rotates, the other (stator) stands still. The grinding surfaces the disks are either ribbed or have toothed disc mills instead concentric, interlocking toothed rings with sharp edges.
  • DE 437 931 C describes a device for defibering plant stems and described for the subsequent cleaning of the spinnable fibers obtained.
  • At this Device act on their outer circumference equipped with milling tools Milling drum and one also on the outer circumference with fiber removal tools equipped pickup roller such that the pickup roller first Fibers from the milling drum and then the entire fibers returns to the milling drum for subsequent cleaning, whereby milling drum and take-up roller are covered by rust in certain circumferential areas.
  • Fibers from fibrous leaves and similar parts of plants rotate on theirs Outer circumference filled with needles in a solid wall housing, the has an opening for a pair of fiber material removal rollers. Between the fiber feed point and the fiber material removal opening protrudes opposite to Needle drum rotating ledge shaft through the housing wall with tools is equipped, which should exert a scraping effect on the fiber material.
  • the invention has for its object a device for dry shredding of stem, leaf and / or stalk-like raw materials to create the obtained shredded material, which should contain only a very small amount of dust, then to be able to compress into pellets, which is used as bedding material for animals be without the use of the shredded goods in this area is limited.
  • the dry raw material fed axially to the screening drum becomes Rotor accelerates radially outwards and between each other in the direction of rotation passed shredding tools defibrated, assuming can be that on the stem-like or straw-like raw materials both shear stresses in the direction of the fibers, supported by tensile stresses perpendicular to it as well Tensile stresses are exerted in the direction of the fibers.
  • the discharge of the shredded material takes place through the lateral surface of the stator designed as a sieve drum, whereby depending on the particle size of the shredded material, the sieve hole size in the is appropriately selected in order to thereby reduce the residence time of the goods in the Raise or lower the drum accordingly.
  • a sieve hole size in the range of approximately 5 x 5 mm has proven particularly suitable for a rectangular perforation or a corresponding opening cross-sectional area round perforation proven.
  • the reaming tools on the inner wall of the screening drum are preferably reaming tools in the manner of a kitchen grater with pointed and / or sharp edges Projections formed.
  • the reaming tools are preferably axially aligned, preferably exchangeable rubbing strips.
  • a preferred development of the device treated in claim 1 is by characterized the features of claim 2.
  • the stator 2 is on a machine frame 1 shown schematically in FIG. 1 stored the device according to the invention.
  • the machine frame 1 is still by means of a bearing 3, the shaft 4 of the rotor 5, which also by means of a bearing 6 can be supported on the floor 2.1 of the stator 2.
  • the drive of the rotor 5 takes place by means of the rotor M.
  • the stator 2 contains a screen drum 2.2, the screen openings of which, for example, one Cross-section of 5 x 5 mm or a corresponding cross-sectional area for circular Have sieve openings.
  • a screen drum 2.2 At the top of the screen drum 2.2 there are several, for example four radially inward arms 2.3 attached, the length of which is less than half the radius of the screen drum 2.2.
  • the arms 2.3 At the inner ends of the arms 2.3 are axially directed into the screening drum 2.2 carrier strips 2.4 attached radially to the external crushing tools, preferably in the form of saw blades 7, wear.
  • Shredding tools 8 and 9 - see also Figure 2 - arranged as reaming tools in the manner of a kitchen grater with pointed and / or sharp-edged projections or teeth are formed, the tools 9 having a rubbing and defibration function and also have a retention function.
  • the kind of a kitchen grater trained pointed and / or sharp-edged teeth are preferred Parts of an axially extending and exchangeable friction bar.
  • the rotor 5 comprises several, preferably four, radially attached to the rotor hub 5a inwardly directed rotor arms 5.1, at the ends of axially directed support bars 5.2 are attached, both with radially inward and with radially outward oriented crushing tools, preferably in the form of saw blades 10 or 11, are equipped.
  • the saw blades 7 of the stator 2 and the saw blades 10 and 11 of the rotor 5 are by means of screws 7.1 on the carrier strips 2.4 and 5.2 attached that they change the gap width between the interacting Crushing tools are adjustable in the radial direction.
  • the screen drum can, as shown, be a cylinder drum; however, it can also as a cone drum with the drum base expanding or tapering Cross section be formed.
  • the construction height and the diameter of the sieve drum are dependent on the to shredding material, the desired material throughput and the desired Degree of defibration designed.
  • the drum axis can enclose an angle between 0 ° and 90 ° relative to the vertical.
  • the peripheral speed of the rotor 5 in the area of the support strips 5.2 can be between 5m / s and 25m / s lie, again depending on the one to be defibered Material, the desired material throughput and the desired degree of defibration.
  • the peripheral speed should, however, depend on that defibrillating raw material can be set to such a value that only a relative there is a small amount of dust.
  • the rotor 2 is preferably arranged in a housing, not shown, which has a fiber removal opening, which is preferably connected to a dedusting system, is preferably connected in the form of a centrifugal separator.
  • the device according to the invention essentially all renewable can be stem, stalk and / or leaf-like plants such as cereals, rapeseed and Process corn straw, as well as alfalfa, hay and so on.

Abstract

The assembly to break down vegetable matter into fibers, from stems or grass blades and straw or leaves, has a stator (2) and a rotor (3) fitted with grinders. The stator is a sieve drum (2.2), with grinders as teeth (8) projecting radially inwards from its inner wall. Arms (5.1) are fitted to the rotor hub (5a), extending radially outwards, with axial carrier bars (5.2) at their ends fitted with grinders (10) aligned outwards. The assembly to break vegetable matter down into fibers has radially inward arms (2.3) at the free edge of the sieve drum, with a length which is less than half the drum radius. They have axial carrier bars (2.4) in the sieve drum. The rotor carrier bars have inwards grinders (11). The grinders have a sawblade structure. The grinders at the carrier bars have a radial adjustment. The grinders at the inner wall of the sieve drum have a scraping action, as a kitchen scraper with pointed and/or sharp projections or teeth, or they can be replaceable scraper bars. The grinders at the inner wall of the sieve drum can act as stopper bars. The sieve drum is a cylinder or cone drum, with the bars pitched to match the cone angle. The drum axis can be pitched against the vertical by 0-90 degrees . The sieve drum is within a housing, with an outlet for removal of the fibers from grinding, together with a dust extractor preferably as a centrifugal separator.

Description

Unter "Zerfaserung" versteht man allgemein die Auflösung eines Stoffes mit Faserstruktur in Faserbündel oder Einzelfasern. Der Zerfaserung kommt bisher vor allem in der Papier- und Zellstoffindustrie große Bedeutung zu. Die dabei angewandte mechanische Zerfaserung nutzt den Umstand aus, daß die Bindungen zwischen den Fasern schwächer sind als innerhalb der Fasern. Die Beanspruchung soll möglichst nur Schubspannungen in Richtung der Fasern, unterstützt durch dazu senkrechte Zugspannungen, erzeugen, während Zugspannungen in Faserrichtung zum Zerreißen der Einzelfasern führen."Fibering" is generally understood to mean the dissolution of a substance with a fiber structure in fiber bundles or single fibers. So far, fibering has mainly come in of great importance to the paper and pulp industry. The mechanical used Fibrillation takes advantage of the fact that the bonds between the Fibers are weaker than inside the fibers. The stress should only if possible Shear stresses in the direction of the fibers, supported by perpendicular tensile stresses, generate, while tensile stresses in the fiber direction to tear the Guide single fibers.

Maschinen zur Zerfaserung in der Papier- und Zellstoffindustrie sind zum Beispiel der Holländer und die Scheibenmühle, insbesondere Zahnscheibenmühle mit zwei Zahnscheiben, von denen die eine rotiert und die andere still steht. Machines for defibrating in the paper and pulp industry are, for example Dutchman and the disk mill, in particular toothed disk mill with two toothed disks, one of which rotates and the other stands still.

Die für die Naßzerfaserung vorgesehene Scheibenmühle besteht aus zwei flachen Scheiben oder Hohlkegeln, die auf einer Welle waagerecht oder senkrecht angeordnet sind. Die eine Scheibe (Rotor) rotiert, die andere (Stator) steht still. Die Mahlflächen der Scheiben sind entweder gerippt, oder besitzen bei Zahn-Scheibenmühlen anstelle von Rippen konzentrische, ineinander greifende Zahnringe mit scharfen Kanten.The disk mill intended for wet defibration consists of two flat ones Discs or hollow cones arranged horizontally or vertically on a shaft are. One disc (rotor) rotates, the other (stator) stands still. The grinding surfaces the disks are either ribbed or have toothed disc mills instead concentric, interlocking toothed rings with sharp edges.

Es sind weiterhin Kegelstoffmühlen mit einem feststehenden, mit Messern bestückten kegeligem Gehäuse, in welchem sich ein bemesserter Kegelstumpf dreht, bekannt.There are still cone mills with a fixed knife equipped conical housing, in which a sized truncated cone rotates, is known.

In den obigen Fällen handelt es sich um Maschinen zur Naßzerfaserung.In the above cases, they are wet shredding machines.

In der DE 437 931 C ist eine Vorrichtung zum Entfasern von Pflanzenstengeln und zur Nachreinigung der gewonnenen, verspinnbaren Fasern beschrieben. Bei dieser Vorrichtung wirken eine an ihrem Außenumfang mit Fräserwerkzeugen bestückte Fräsertrommel und eine ebenfalls am Außenumfang mit Fasergut-Abnehmerwerkzeugen bestückte Abnehmerwalze derart zusammen, daß die Abnehmerwalze zuerst das Fasergut von der Fräsertrommel abnimmt und anschließend die gesamten Fasern zwecks Nachreinigung wieder zur Fräsertrommel zurückleitet, wobei Fräsertrommel und Abnehmerwalze in bestimmten Umfangsbereichen von Rosten eingehüllt sind.DE 437 931 C describes a device for defibering plant stems and described for the subsequent cleaning of the spinnable fibers obtained. At this Device act on their outer circumference equipped with milling tools Milling drum and one also on the outer circumference with fiber removal tools equipped pickup roller such that the pickup roller first Fibers from the milling drum and then the entire fibers returns to the milling drum for subsequent cleaning, whereby milling drum and take-up roller are covered by rust in certain circumferential areas.

Bei einer in der DE 845 553 beschriebenen Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung verspinnbarer Fasern aus faserhaltigen Blättern und ähnlichen Pflanzenteilen rotiert eine an ihrem Außenumfang mit Nadeln bestückten Nadeltrommel in einem Vollwandgehäuse, das eine Öffnung für ein Fasergut-Abnahmewalzenpaar aufweist. Zwischen der Fasergutaufgabestelle und der Fasergut-Abnahmeöffnung ragt eine entgegengesetzt zur Nadeltrommel rotierende Leistenwelle durch die Gehäusewand, die mit Werkzeugen ausgerüstet ist, die auf das Fasergut eine Schabewirkung ausüben sollen.In a device for obtaining spinnable material described in DE 845 553 Fibers from fibrous leaves and similar parts of plants rotate on theirs Outer circumference filled with needles in a solid wall housing, the has an opening for a pair of fiber material removal rollers. Between the fiber feed point and the fiber material removal opening protrudes opposite to Needle drum rotating ledge shaft through the housing wall with tools is equipped, which should exert a scraping effect on the fiber material.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Trockenzerfaserung von stengel-, blatt- und/oder halmartigen Rohstoffen zu schaffen, um das erhaltene zerfaserte Material, welches einen nur sehr geringen Staubanteil enthalten soll, anschließend zu Pellets verpressen zu können, die als Einstreumaterial für Tiere verwendet werden, ohne daß dadurch die Verwendung des zerfaserten Gutes auf dieses Einsatzgebiet beschränkt ist. The invention has for its object a device for dry shredding of stem, leaf and / or stalk-like raw materials to create the obtained shredded material, which should contain only a very small amount of dust, then to be able to compress into pellets, which is used as bedding material for animals be without the use of the shredded goods in this area is limited.

Dabei soll gewährleistet sein, daß insbesondere bei einer vorgesehenen Verwendung des zerfaserten Gutes für die Herstellung von Einstreumaterial der Staub- bzw. Pulveranteil möglichst gering ist; ein erhöhter Staubanteil in als Tier-Einstreumaterial verwendeten Pellets kann zu gesundheitlichen Schäden bei den Tieren führen.It should be ensured that, in particular, in the case of intended use of the defibrated material for the production of bedding material the dust or powder content is as low as possible; an increased dust content in as animal bedding material The pellets used can damage the animals' health.

Zur Lösung der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe dienen die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1.To achieve the object on which the invention is based, the features of Claim 1.

Das axial der Siebtrommel zugeführte, trockene Rohmaterial wird bei umlaufendem Rotor radial nach außen beschleunigt und zwischen den in Umlaufrichtung aneinander vorbeigeführten Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen zerfasert, wobei davon ausgegangen werden kann, daß auf die stengel- oder halmartigen Rohstoffe sowohl Schubspannungen in Richtung der Fasern, unterstützt durch dazu senkrechte Zugspannungen sowie Zugspannungen in Faserrichtung ausgeübt werden. Der Austrag des zerfaserten Materials erfolgt durch die als Siebtrommel ausgebildete Mantelfläche des Stators, wobei in Abhängigkeit von der Partikelgröße des zerfaserten Gutes die Sieblochgröße in der geeigneten Weise ausgewählt wird, um dadurch die Verweilzeit des Gutes in der Trommel entsprechend zu erhöhen oder herabzusetzen.The dry raw material fed axially to the screening drum becomes Rotor accelerates radially outwards and between each other in the direction of rotation passed shredding tools defibrated, assuming can be that on the stem-like or straw-like raw materials both shear stresses in the direction of the fibers, supported by tensile stresses perpendicular to it as well Tensile stresses are exerted in the direction of the fibers. The discharge of the shredded material takes place through the lateral surface of the stator designed as a sieve drum, whereby depending on the particle size of the shredded material, the sieve hole size in the is appropriately selected in order to thereby reduce the residence time of the goods in the Raise or lower the drum accordingly.

Als besonders geeignet hat sich eine Sieblochgröße im Bereich von etwa 5 x 5 mm für eine Rechteck-Lochung oder einer entsprechenden Öffnungs-Querschnittsfläche bei runder Lochung erwiesen.A sieve hole size in the range of approximately 5 x 5 mm has proven particularly suitable for a rectangular perforation or a corresponding opening cross-sectional area round perforation proven.

Die Reibwerkzeuge an der Innenwand der Siebtrommel sind vorzugsweise als Reibwerkzeuge in der Art eines Küchenreibeisens mit spitzen und/oder scharfkantigen Vorsprüngen ausgebildet. Die Reibwerkzeuge sind vorzugsweise axial ausgerichtete, vorzugsweise austauschbare Reibleisten.The reaming tools on the inner wall of the screening drum are preferably reaming tools in the manner of a kitchen grater with pointed and / or sharp edges Projections formed. The reaming tools are preferably axially aligned, preferably exchangeable rubbing strips.

Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung der im Anspruch 1 behandelten Vorrichtung ist durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 2 gekennzeichnet. In diesem Fall sind im wesentlichen zwei Zerfaserungsstufen vorhanden, nämlich eine Grobzerfaserung zwischen den nach innen gerichteten Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen des Stators und den radial nach außen gerichteten Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen des Rotors, und eine Feinzerkleinerung zwischen den an der Innenwand des Stators angebrachten Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen und den nach außen gerichteten Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen am Rotor.A preferred development of the device treated in claim 1 is by characterized the features of claim 2. In this case, are essentially There are two fiberization stages, namely a rough fiberization between the inward-facing crushing tools of the stator and the radially following externally oriented crushing tools of the rotor, and a fine crushing between the shredding tools attached to the inner wall of the stator and the outward crushing tools on the rotor.

Weitere Merkmale sind in Unteransprüchen behandelt.Further features are dealt with in subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1 bis 3 näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 einen Teil-Axialschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
  • Figur 2 eine schematisierte Darstellung nur des Stators der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß Linie II-II in Fig. 1.
  • Figur 3 eine schematisierte Ansicht nur des Rotors der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß Linie II-II in Fig. 1.
    • The invention is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Show it:
  • 1 shows a partial axial section of the device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of only the stator of the device according to the invention according to line II-II in Fig. 1st
  • 3 shows a schematic view of only the rotor of the device according to the invention along line II-II in FIG. 1.

    • Auf einem in Figur 1 schematisiert dargestellten Maschinenrahmen 1 ist der Stator 2 der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gelagert. In dem Maschinenrahmen 1 ist weiterhin mittels eines Lagers 3 die Welle 4 des Rotors 5 gelagert, der außerdem noch mittels eines Lagers 6 auf dem Boden 2.1 des Stators 2 abgestützt sein kann. Der Antrieb des Rotors 5 erfolgt mittels des Rotors M.The stator 2 is on a machine frame 1 shown schematically in FIG. 1 stored the device according to the invention. In the machine frame 1 is still by means of a bearing 3, the shaft 4 of the rotor 5, which also by means of a bearing 6 can be supported on the floor 2.1 of the stator 2. The drive of the rotor 5 takes place by means of the rotor M.

    Der Stator 2 enthält eine Siebtrommel 2.2, deren Sieböffnungen beispielsweise einen Querschnitt von 5 x 5 mm oder eine entsprechende Querschnittsfläche bei kreisrunden Sieböffnungen haben. Am oberen Rand der Siebtrommel 2.2 sind mehrere, beispielsweise vier radial nach innen gerichtete Arme 2.3 befestigt, deren Länge kleiner ist als der halbe Radius der Siebtrommel 2.2. An den innenliegenden Enden der Arme 2.3 sind axial in die Siebtrommel 2.2 gerichtete Trägerleisten 2.4 befestigt, die radial nach außen gerichtete Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge, vorzugsweise in Form von Sägeblättern 7, tragen. An der Innenwand der Siebtrommel 2.2 sind radial nach innen gerichtete Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge 8 und 9 - siehe auch Figur 2 - angeordnet, die als Reibwerkzeuge in der Art einer Küchenreibe mit spitzen und/oder scharfkantigen Vorsprüngen bzw. Zähnen ausgebildet sind, wobei die Werkzeuge 9 eine Reibe- und Zerfaserungsfunktion und auch eine Rückhaltefunktion haben. Die nach Art eines Küchenreibeisens ausgebildeten spitzen und/oder scharfkantigen Zähne sind vorzugsweise Teile einer axial verlaufenden und austauschbaren Reibleiste. The stator 2 contains a screen drum 2.2, the screen openings of which, for example, one Cross-section of 5 x 5 mm or a corresponding cross-sectional area for circular Have sieve openings. At the top of the screen drum 2.2 there are several, for example four radially inward arms 2.3 attached, the length of which is less than half the radius of the screen drum 2.2. At the inner ends of the arms 2.3 are axially directed into the screening drum 2.2 carrier strips 2.4 attached radially to the external crushing tools, preferably in the form of saw blades 7, wear. On the inner wall of the screen drum 2.2 are directed radially inwards Shredding tools 8 and 9 - see also Figure 2 - arranged as reaming tools in the manner of a kitchen grater with pointed and / or sharp-edged projections or teeth are formed, the tools 9 having a rubbing and defibration function and also have a retention function. The kind of a kitchen grater trained pointed and / or sharp-edged teeth are preferred Parts of an axially extending and exchangeable friction bar.

    Der Rotor 5 umfaßt mehrere, vorzugsweise vier an der Rotornabe 5a befestigte, radial nach innen gerichtete Rotorarme 5.1, an deren Enden axial gerichtete Trägerleisten 5.2 angebracht sind, die sowohl mit radial nach innen als auch mit radial nach außen gerichteten Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen, vorzugsweise in Form von Sägeblättern 10 bzw. 11, bestückt sind. Die Sägeblätter 7 des Stators 2 sowie die Sägeblätter 10 und 11 des Rotors 5 sind mittels Schrauben 7.1 so an den Trägerleisten 2.4 bzw. 5.2 befestigt, daß sie zur Veränderung der Spaltbreite zwischen den zusammenwirkenden Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen in radialer Richtung verstellbar sind.The rotor 5 comprises several, preferably four, radially attached to the rotor hub 5a inwardly directed rotor arms 5.1, at the ends of axially directed support bars 5.2 are attached, both with radially inward and with radially outward oriented crushing tools, preferably in the form of saw blades 10 or 11, are equipped. The saw blades 7 of the stator 2 and the saw blades 10 and 11 of the rotor 5 are by means of screws 7.1 on the carrier strips 2.4 and 5.2 attached that they change the gap width between the interacting Crushing tools are adjustable in the radial direction.

    Die Siebtrommel kann, wie dargestellt, eine Zylindertrommel sein; sie kann jedoch auch als Konustrommel mit sich zum Trommelboden erweiterndem oder verjüngendem Querschnitt ausgebildet sein.The screen drum can, as shown, be a cylinder drum; however, it can also as a cone drum with the drum base expanding or tapering Cross section be formed.

    Die Bauhöhe und der Durchmesser der Siebtrommel werden in Abhängigkeit von dem zu zerfaserndem Material, dem gewünschten Stoffdurchsatz und dem angestrebten Zerfaserungsgrad ausgelegt.The construction height and the diameter of the sieve drum are dependent on the to shredding material, the desired material throughput and the desired Degree of defibration designed.

    Die Trommelachse kann relativ zur Vertikalen einen Winkel zwischen 0° und 90° einschließen.The drum axis can enclose an angle between 0 ° and 90 ° relative to the vertical.

    Die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des Rotors 5 im Bereich der Tragleisten 5.2 kann zwischen 5m/s und 25m/s liegen, und zwar wiederum in Abhängigkeit von dem zu zerfasernden Material, dem gewünschten Stoffdurchsatz und dem angestrebten Zerfaserungsgrad. Die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit sollte jedoch in Abhängigkeit von dem zu zerfasernden Rohstoff auf einen solchen Wert eingestellt werden, daß nur ein relativ geringer Staubanteil anfällt.The peripheral speed of the rotor 5 in the area of the support strips 5.2 can be between 5m / s and 25m / s lie, again depending on the one to be defibered Material, the desired material throughput and the desired degree of defibration. The peripheral speed should, however, depend on that defibrillating raw material can be set to such a value that only a relative there is a small amount of dust.

    Der Rotor 2 ist vorzugsweise in einem nicht dargestellten Gehäuse angeordnet, das eine Zerfaserungsgut-Austragsöffnung aufweist, die vorzugsweise an eine Entstaubungsanlage, vorzugsweise in Form eines Fliehkraftabscheiders angeschlossen ist.The rotor 2 is preferably arranged in a housing, not shown, which has a fiber removal opening, which is preferably connected to a dedusting system, is preferably connected in the form of a centrifugal separator.

    Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung lassen sich im wesentlichen sämtliche nachwachsenden stengel-, halm- und/oder blattartigen Pflanzen wie Getreide-, Raps- und Maisstroh sowie Luzerne, Heu und so weiter verarbeiten.With the device according to the invention essentially all renewable can be stem, stalk and / or leaf-like plants such as cereals, rapeseed and Process corn straw, as well as alfalfa, hay and so on.

    Claims (13)

    Vorrichtung zur Zerfaserung von stengel-, halm- und/oder blattartigen, nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, enthaltend einen Stator (2) und einen Rotor (5), die mit zusammenwirkenden Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen ausgerüstet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stator (2) als Siebtrommel (2.2) ausgebildet ist, die an ihrer Innenwand als Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge radial nach innen gerichtete, zahnartige Vorsprünge (8, 9) aufweist, und daß an der Rotornabe (5a) radial nach außen gerichtete Arme (5.1) angebracht sind, an deren Enden axial gerichtete Trägerleisten (5.2) angeordnet sind, die mit radial nach außen gerichteten Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen (10) bestückt sind.Device for defibrating stem-like, straw-like and / or leaf-like, renewable raw materials, comprising a stator (2) and a rotor (5), which are equipped with interacting comminution tools, characterized in that the stator (2) acts as a sieve drum (2.2 ) is formed, which has on its inner wall as comminution tools, tooth-like projections (8, 9) directed radially inwards, and that arms (5.1) directed radially outwards are attached to the rotor hub (5a), at the ends of which axially directed support strips ( 5.2) are arranged, which are equipped with radially outwardly directed crushing tools (10). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem freien Rand der Siebtrommel (2.2) radial nach innen gerichtete Arme (2.3) befestigt sind, deren Länge kleiner ist als der halbe Trommelradius und an deren Enden axial in die Siebtrommel (2.2) gerichtete Trägerleisten (2.4) angebracht sind, die radial nach außen gerichtete Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge (7) tragen, und daß an den Trägerleisten (5.2) des Rotors (5) radial nach innen gerichtete Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge (11) befestigt sind.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that radially inwardly directed arms (2.3) are fastened to the free edge of the screening drum (2.2), the length of which is less than half the radius of the drum and at the ends of the carrier bars directed axially into the screening drum (2.2) (2.4) are attached, which carry radially outward crushing tools (7), and that radially inward crushing tools (11) are fastened to the carrier strips (5.2) of the rotor (5). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und/oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die an den Trägerleisten (2.4 bzw. 5.2) angebrachten Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge die Form von Sägeblättern (7 bzw. 10, 11) haben.Device according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the comminution tools attached to the carrier strips (2.4 or 5.2) have the shape of saw blades (7 or 10, 11). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die an den Trägerleisten (2.4 bzw. 5.2) befestigten Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge in radialer Richtung verstellbar sind.Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the shredding tools attached to the carrier strips (2.4 or 5.2) are adjustable in the radial direction. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die an der Innenwand der Siebtrommel (2.2) angebrachten Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge als Reibwerkzeuge in der Art eines Küchenreibeisens mit spitzen und/oder scharfkanten Vorsprüngen ausgebildet sind. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the comminution tools attached to the inner wall of the screening drum (2.2) are designed as friction tools in the manner of a kitchen grater with pointed and / or sharp-edged projections. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die an der Innenwand der Siebtrommel angebrachten Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge als axial gerichtete, vorzugsweise austauschbare Reibleisten ausgebildet sind.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the comminution tools attached to the inner wall of the screening drum are designed as axially directed, preferably exchangeable, friction bars. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die an der Innenwand der Siebtrommel (2.2) angebrachten Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge als spitze und/oder scharfkantige Zähne ausgebildet sind.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the comminution tools attached to the inner wall of the screening drum (2.2) are designed as pointed and / or sharp-edged teeth. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die an der Innenwand der Siebtrommel (2) angebrachten Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge (9) als axial verlaufende Verzögerungsleisten (Stopperleisten) ausgebildet sind.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushing tools (9) attached to the inner wall of the screening drum (2) are designed as axially extending delay bars (stop bars). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Siebtrommel (2.2) eine Zylindertrommel ist.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the screening drum (2.2) is a cylinder drum. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Siebtrommel eine Konustrommel ist und die Trägerleisten (2.4 bzw. 5.2) der Neigung des konischen Trommelmantels folgen.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieve drum is a cone drum and the carrier strips (2.4 or 5.2) follow the inclination of the conical drum shell. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Siebtrommelachse relativ zur Vertikalen unter einem Winkel von 0° bis 90° ausgerichtet ist.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieve drum axis is oriented at an angle of 0 ° to 90 ° relative to the vertical. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Siebtrommel innerhalb eines Gehäuses angebracht ist, das eine Zerfaserungsgut-Austragsöffnung aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieve drum is mounted within a housing which has a material discharge opening. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an die Fasergut-Austragsöffnung eine Entstaubungsanlage ,vorzugsweise in Form eines Fliehkraftabscheiders, angeschlossen ist.Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that a dedusting system, preferably in the form of a centrifugal separator, is connected to the fiber material discharge opening.
    EP01120047A 2000-08-28 2001-08-21 Device for defibring stalk, stem and/or leaf type renewable raw materials Expired - Lifetime EP1184490B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10042195A DE10042195C2 (en) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Device for defibrating stem, straw and / or leaf-like, renewable raw materials
    DE10042195 2000-08-28

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1184490A1 true EP1184490A1 (en) 2002-03-06
    EP1184490B1 EP1184490B1 (en) 2005-11-02

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP01120047A Expired - Lifetime EP1184490B1 (en) 2000-08-28 2001-08-21 Device for defibring stalk, stem and/or leaf type renewable raw materials

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    US (1) US6631862B2 (en)
    EP (1) EP1184490B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE308632T1 (en)
    CA (1) CA2355998C (en)
    DE (1) DE10042195C2 (en)
    DK (1) DK1184490T3 (en)
    HK (1) HK1044972B (en)

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    JP3687962B2 (en) * 2001-09-19 2005-08-24 有限会社勝山テクノス How to use salmon skin
    EP1712286A1 (en) * 2005-04-13 2006-10-18 Umberto Manola Apparatus for mechanically processing dried material
    US9392908B2 (en) * 2012-06-11 2016-07-19 Sc Shredder Ip, Llc Herb grinder
    CN106140441B (en) * 2016-06-26 2018-04-13 林�智 A kind of small cotton stalk crasher

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    US4004738A (en) * 1975-09-19 1977-01-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method of and apparatus for shredding a web of plastic film
    EP0398421A1 (en) * 1989-05-17 1990-11-22 Instituut Voor Bewaring En Verwerking Van Landbouwprodukten Apparatus for processing flax straw, and also flax straw opener and drum therefor
    DE19813397A1 (en) * 1998-03-26 1999-10-07 Rolf Hesch Device and method for pre-dissolving and abbreviation of fiber plants and for separating fibers and wooden parts / shives
    EP1025906A1 (en) * 1997-08-16 2000-08-09 B. Maier Zerkleinerungstechnik GmbH Impact mill for producing fine chips from wood flakes

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    DE845553C (en) * 1949-07-20 1953-03-12 Johannes Hubert Device for obtaining spinnable fibers from fibrous leaves and similar plant parts and method for lifting the fibers from a needle drum
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    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4004738A (en) * 1975-09-19 1977-01-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method of and apparatus for shredding a web of plastic film
    EP0398421A1 (en) * 1989-05-17 1990-11-22 Instituut Voor Bewaring En Verwerking Van Landbouwprodukten Apparatus for processing flax straw, and also flax straw opener and drum therefor
    EP1025906A1 (en) * 1997-08-16 2000-08-09 B. Maier Zerkleinerungstechnik GmbH Impact mill for producing fine chips from wood flakes
    DE19813397A1 (en) * 1998-03-26 1999-10-07 Rolf Hesch Device and method for pre-dissolving and abbreviation of fiber plants and for separating fibers and wooden parts / shives

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    CA2355998A1 (en) 2002-02-28
    DE10042195C2 (en) 2003-06-26
    US6631862B2 (en) 2003-10-14
    DE10042195A1 (en) 2002-03-28
    US20020030131A1 (en) 2002-03-14
    HK1044972A1 (en) 2002-11-08
    EP1184490B1 (en) 2005-11-02
    CA2355998C (en) 2005-03-29
    ATE308632T1 (en) 2005-11-15
    DK1184490T3 (en) 2006-03-20
    HK1044972B (en) 2006-05-19

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