EP2983828A2

EP2983828A2 - Method and device for comminuting

Info

Publication number: EP2983828A2
Application number: EP14714718.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rony Callens; Eric Schroeder; Jeroen Nijsse
Original assignee: Mayfair Vermogensverwaltungs Se
Current assignee: Mayfair Vermogensverwaltungs Se
Priority date: 2013-04-10
Filing date: 2014-04-03
Publication date: 2016-02-17
Also published as: DE102013206275A1; WO2014166797A2; CN205587069U; US20160082441A1; WO2014166797A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for comminuting a light-weight, dry, fiber-containing material, in particular straw.

Description

Method and device for shredding

description

The invention relates to a method and a device for comminuting a light, dry, fibrous material, in particular straw,

Methods and apparatus for processing a light, dry, fibrous material are used, for example, for the comminution of annual plants.

A light, dry, fibrous material can sometimes contain excessively long, thin constituents, or, as with straw, for example, be excessively long, comprise or be composed of thin constituents, such as straws and stalks.

With straw are meant essentially threshed, dry stalks, stems and leaves of cereals, oil plants, fiber plants or legumes, which are usually brittle, so breakable.

A light, dry, fiber-containing material comprises a large number of individual particles, ie the smallest parts which, in their entirety, form the material. Therefore, for example, a particle of the material straw can be both a whole. Being a single piece of plant as well as a chipped or separated part of a plant. Bei- or

Contaminants such as earth, stones or the like do not count among the aforementioned particles. Crushing reduces the particle size of a particle. With particle size can be oriented on an expansion in different directions such as width, length or diameter, so can For example, alone a reduction of the particle width by a

Crushing process can be referred to as reducing the particle size.

In the plate industry, for example, for further processing into OSSB (Oriented Structural Straw Board) or decorative boards not only an arbitrary reduction of the particle size is needed, but a splitting or breaking up of the fiber-containing particles in the fiber direction or

For example, a straw stalk should be split into at least two half-shells by crushing. Such splitting improves the adhesion of glue, reduced

Air pockets and improves the mechanical properties of the later boards.

The quotient of the number of split by crushing

Particle divided by the number of particles before crushing the material is referred to as a split rate. This parameter provides information on the percentage of particles that have been split by a comminution process. A similar parameter is the degree of digestion. For certain, higher quality end products such as decorative panels for exterior walls of houses, interior walls, ceilings or floors, the achievement of a certain length or minimum length of the particles is also required. Long particles allow a targeted orientation of the particles of a material, which is not only very good mechanical

Properties, but also optically high-quality surface structures allows.

With particle length, in contrast to the particle size, only the extent of a particle in the fiber direction or in the longitudinal extent, that is, the direction with the greatest extent, is designated.

When using conventional devices for comminuting a fibrous material occur as described in the document DE 41 01 352 C 1 regularly considerable problems when the material overlong, thin components, ie strands or band-shaped Gutanteile contains.

These problems include, but are not limited to, clogging, frequent stopping of the machine to remove clogs, and reduced clogging

Throughput,

Additional, costly measures are then required to do that

To be able to process material, if this is even possible, to influence or control the target

Degree of extraction is also possible only to a very limited extent.

The document DE 41 01 352 C 1 discloses to overcome these problems, a double-flow beater mill, which for the processing of

fibrous substances an interruption of the striking tools in

peripheral discharge area of a ring-shaped guide channel provides. A free passage to the grinding track can be created and

Through a projecting into the annular disc guide channel lens, the good parts receive additional tangential motion impulses, through which they are thrown targeted in the field of the grinding path, the degree of separation, the particle size or the selectivity can be influenced by annular viewing chambers, which by both sides the front sides of the grinding track

fitting, adjustable jam rings are formed, a smaller one

Particle size or a higher separation sharpness can thus be achieved, for example, by setting a second retention ring with a storage edge h 'to a first storage ring with a lower storage edge h. A device for selectively influencing the particle length is not provided in the disclosed racquet mill.

The invention is based on the object to provide a further developed method and apparatus for comminuting a light, dry, fibrous material, in particular straw, To solve the problem is a method according to claim 1 and a device according to the independent claim, Advantageous embodiments are described in the subclaims. The object is achieved by a method for comminuting a light, trocicenen, fibrous material, in particular straw, The method provides that by adjusting a gap a - in other words the gap width a - between a blow bar and a striking edge of a crushing device for light , dry, fibrous material, the particle length of the crushed material is specifically influenced.

By crushed material, the material is meant after the crushing, A targeted influencing the particle length means that the crushed material has particles with an average particle length or particle length distribution, which In a desired,

predetermined value range.

By deliberately influencing the particle length by adjusting the

Gap a is allowing a light, dry, fibrous material such as straw to be used for high quality with very little effort

End products can be further processed, for example decorative panels or later visible chipboard for the interior of

Buildings, further open by adjusting the gap a and thus specifically influenced or substantially controllable particle length a particularly large variety of possible end products

Further processing of the shredded material. In one embodiment of the invention, the comminuted material has a splitting rate of at least 60%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 90%, by comminuting material comminuted with at least one beater bar and at least one beating edge of the comminution device, wherein in particular with a star wheel

Crushing the material is pre-crushed. Due to the fact that particles split by the method according to the invention can be produced with a certain particle length, a particularly wide variety of possible end products is achieved

Further processing of the crushed material allows.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a device for comminuting a light, dry, fibrous material, in particular straw, with a material inflow region, an impeller and a

Material discharge region for the crushed material, which can be used in particular for carrying out a method according to the above description, The apparatus comprises a star wheel for pre-crushing of the material and for spinning, so generating additional

Motion impulses, the pre-shredded material to the impeller. The

Starwheel comprises at least one cutting edge, which is preferably oriented radially, four cutting edges are preferably provided,

By means of the star wheel with at least one cutting edge for pre-shredding the material, it is possible to prevent, in particular, over-long particles from winding around the rotating components of the device and thus from closing

Blockages and blockages lead, which can be removed only with great effort. A low maintenance and a particularly large Materiaidurchsatz can be achieved, a radial alignment of the cutting edges and the provision of four cutting have proven to be particularly effective in preventing clogging. In addition, the star wheel ensures an even in the axial direction

Distribution of the pre-shredded material in the impeller, whereby the impeller can be subject to particularly low wear during operation. Finally, the starwheel according to the invention makes it possible that the device can already achieve a particularly high splitting rate by only using the starwheel and the impeller for comminuting the material.

In one embodiment, the impeller has at least one blow bar for crushing and conveying, ie radial guiding and transporting, of the pre-shredded material. By using one or more simple, essentially not very sharp Schlaglelsten, so no blade or cutting edge, can be a device with special

be provided and operated less manufacturing and maintenance costs.

Experiments have shown that surprisingly a splitting rate of at least 50%, preferably at least 65%, particularly preferably at least 80% could be achieved by the device with a star wheel and an impeller having at least one blow bar, using operating parameters in the usual operating range without having to provide an additional shredding tool. If the aforementioned splitting rate is sufficient for later use, additional cutting or striking tools, for example, an impact ring, as well as the associated high maintenance outlay can be avoided by requiring only the starwheel and the impeller for comminution.

In one embodiment, the device additionally comprises a striking ring with at least one striking edge for comminuting the pre-shredded material, optionally with fewer impact edges of the impact ring as

Blow bars of the impeller. With pre-shredded material here is the

Meant material in every state in which it is after the

Pre-shredding by the star wheel and a further crushing by the impeller is located. Due to the additional provision of a striking ring targeted influencing the particle length of the crushed material and due to a higher cleavage rate a particularly large variety of possible end products by further processing of the crushed material allows Furthermore, by a device with less impact edges of the impact ring as a blow bars of the impeller a particular low production and maintenance costs are made possible,

Experiments have shown that by the device with a star wheel, an impeller with at least one blow bar, and a striking ring with at least one impact edge - even with less punching edges than blow bars - using operating parameters in the usual Operating range, a cleavage rate of the crushed material of at least 60%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 90% could be achieved by the use of at least one simple, not particularly sharp impact edge, as for example by a

Projection or a paragraph can be realized, a saving of blades or cutting the impact ring is enabled, If blades or cutting used, so usually accounted for up to two-thirds of the production and maintenance costs only on procurement of new blades or cutting and up to every 4 hours necessary changes, cleaning and sanding, By providing a striking ring with at least one impact edge can be a crushed material with

comparable quality, ie split rate, particle length and fines content, can be achieved, but with particularly low production and

Maintenance costs,

In one embodiment, a gap a or a gap width a between the impact edge of the impact ring and a blow bar of the impeller

provided, which is adjustable. By adjusting the gap a, a targeted influencing of the particle length of the comminuted material and thus further processing into a large variety of end products, in particular high-quality end products, can be made possible. In one embodiment, a lower boundary of the gap is a

provided, preferably stop, which limits the gap a to a gap width of preferably at least 1, 5 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm. By providing such a minimum gap width, a particularly small proportion of fines can be achieved and thus higher quality comminuted Material to be generated

In one embodiment, the impact ring rotates relative to the impeller in opposite directions or not at all or the same speed at a lower speed, with a speed difference of preferably at least 800 U / min, preferably at least 900 rpm, more preferably at least 1000 rpm can be provided. By providing such

Speed difference by means of a relative to the impeller in opposite directions, not at all, or at a lower speed synchronously rotating impact ring is an additional crushing and splitting allows.

In one embodiment, the star wheel, the impeller and the impact ring are such that a splitting rate of at least 60%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 90% can be achieved without an additional comminuting tool. A comminuted material of particularly high quality can thus be produced become .

In one embodiment, the star wheel and / or the impact ring are mounted on the same axis of the impeller, in particular using a hollow shaft. By hanging the star wheel and / or the

Impact rings on the same axis of the impeller, a device with particularly few parts and small space can be provided. By means of a hollow axle, a relative to the impeller counter-rotating or co-rotating with different speeds of rotation can be made possible to allow both higher relative speeds between the impeller and the impact ring in the case of an opposite rotation as well as very low clogging due to the rotation itself. In one embodiment, the star wheel in the material flow in or

arranged adjacent to the material inlet area. A particularly effective and large material flow can be effected in this way.

In one embodiment, a plurality of star wheels are provided which

arranged in particular angularly offset and / or axially spaced, preferably with increasing diameter in the material flow direction. By several star wheels, which are arranged in particular axially spaced with increasing diameter and angularly offset, the device can with operated particularly high material flow rate or even extra-long "thin components are processed,

In one embodiment, one or more blow bars and / or impact edges may be arranged radially or in a certain angular position, that is fixed in an adjustable angular position. By radially or in the direction of rotation angled or angled arrangement one or more blow bars and / or impact edges, the splitting rate and the fines content can be selectively influenced. Distance allows the flexibility of the arrangement or adjustability of the angular position of Schlaglelsten and / or impact edges both positive and negative shear effects for a higher crushing performance or a particularly fiber-friendly

Processing, In one embodiment, at least one beater bar and / or beating edge comprise a replaceable wear plate for comminution and

Conveying the pre-shredded material, with a thickness of

Wear plates of preferably at least 6 mm, preferably at least 8 mm, more preferably at least 1 0 mm and preferably at most 20 mm, preferably at most 1 7 mm, more preferably at most 1 4 mm. By providing wear plates operation with very low maintenance costs can be made possible. Due to the low weight of the particles to be processed of the light, dry, fibrous material comparatively thin wear plates can be used and thus material can be saved.

In one embodiment, at least one beater bar and / or beating edge comprise a replaceable backing plate for reinforcing one

Wear plate. By providing a support plate for reinforcing a wear plate, the bending of the wear plate is counteracted. A particularly long life of the wear plate can be achieved. In one embodiment, at least one beater bar and / or beating edge comprise a support for securing a support plate or

Wear plate, preferably with a fixing device for adjusting and fixing the carrier to the impeller or the impact ring in a certain angular position. By such a carrier, a particularly simple change of the support plate or wear plate can be made possible. The preferably provided fixing device allows both positive and negative shear effects for a higher

Crushing power or a particularly fiber-friendly

Processing.

In one embodiment, a locking device for adjusting and

Keep the support plate and / or wear plate provided on the carrier.

In particular, comprising a slot and / or a screw connection. With setting is in particular the setting of the gap a to the targeted

Influencing the particle length meant. By such a locking device is a particularly simple adjustment of the gap a targeted

Influence the particle length possible. With the aid of a screw connection, adjustment and holding can be realized particularly easily.

In particular, the carrier side, a slot with a particularly low

Effort be implemented to allow not only a setting and holding, but also a stop to the realization of a

To provide minimum sizzle spread. In one embodiment, the impeller and / or the impact ring have one or more adjustable stops and / or markings, in particular a scale, for adjusting the gap a. Engraving, laser engraving, drilling, notching or printing are preferably used for the marking. By a mark or an adjustable stop a wear plate after changing particularly easy and quickly brought back into the correct position corresponding to the desired gap width a and fixed there, Also a change in the setting of the gap a is possible with very little effort. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a suction unit that conveys the light, dry, fibrous material from the material inflow area through the shear area to the material drain area and regularly from there to a shredded end material recovery bin where it can later be removed Such a suction unit allows a particularly large flow of material and counteracts a clogging of the device.

The present invention comprises in particular the embodiments known from European Patent Application 1 21 77485.5 for solving the technical problems mentioned in this patent application. We incorporate the disclosure of this application into the present application. In particular, the present invention is additionally comprised as follows designed:

In one embodiment, the device for mincing material, in particular light material, preferably raw material for plates, a material impurity, a crushing unit and a suction unit for sucking material, in particular light material, through the crushing unit.

In one embodiment, the device comprises a gas source which is connected to an input of the comminution unit and / or to an output of the comminution unit,

In an embodiment, the device comprises one or more channels for guiding a gas flow and / or material flow,

In one embodiment, the material supply unit is arranged above the comminution unit, preferably connected to a vertical part of a channel leading to the input of the comminution unit, preferably with a connection in the form of a downwardly inclined channel. In one embodiment, the device comprises a separation unit for separating heavy foreign matter in the material, preferably in the form of a branched chamber, preferably in a curve and / or in the direction of gravity, preferably branched off from a channel for guiding a gas flow and material flow to the input of the comminution unit,

In one embodiment, the device is such that the cross-section of the output of the comminution unit and / or the cross-section of the channel connected to the output are less than the cross-section of the input of the comminution unit and / or the cross-section of the channel connected to the suction unit, preferably the channel connected to the outlet is T-shaped, preferably with a channel from the gas source to the suction unit. In one embodiment, the suction unit has a larger cross section than the inlet to the suction unit and / or means for separating gas and material, in one embodiment the apparatus comprises a manifold for distributing a gas flow into two or more separate gas streams, preferably by a pivotable one Flap preferably within the gas flow with, for example, a hinge located at the center of a Y, T or T-shaped bifurcation. In one embodiment, the gas source comprises a gas inlet with a grid or filter and / or an outlet with distributor, preferably with a smaller compared to the inlet cross-section of the outlet.

In one embodiment, the device for comminuting material, in particular light material, preferably comprises raw material for plates, a material supply unit, a comminution unit and a conditioning unit for treating material before and / or after comminution, preferably by means of conditioned gas. In one embodiment, the conditioning unit allows for adjusting the gas temperature and / or adding additives to the gas, preferably liquids, other gases, and / or powders. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises an injector for adding additives, preferably to gas, for example, within the Gas source, preferably designed as a nozzle-shaped injector preferably arranged in the central region of a chamber or a channel for guiding a gas flow and / or towards the outlet of the chamber or the channel.

In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises an additive feed unit for providing additives to the injector, preferably with a funnel shape, preferably arranged above the injector and / or outside the chamber or channel, and preferably connected to the injector by means of an L-shaped inflow channel.

In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a heat exchanger for cooling and / or heating a gas, preferably arranged directly in a chamber or channel for receiving or guiding a gas flow, preferably at the inlet of the gas source,

In one embodiment, the shredding unit comprises a knife ring and an impeller.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1 to 3. Show it ;

Figure 1: Schematic representation of a crushing device (sectional view in front view).

Figure 2; Schematic representation of gap a (sectional view in front view).

Figure 3: Schematic representation of a striking edge or blow bar with support plate (sectional view in front view). FIG. 1 shows a device for chopping straw having a moisture content of typically 4% to 8% and a diameter of approximately 6 mm and a length of approximately 300 mm to 400 mm,

Optionally, the straw can already be delivered with a shortened length in order to be able to process the material more quickly or with greater material throughput in the present device. At the beginning of the processing In the device, the material or the straw in the material inflow region 1 strikes axially the star wheels 6, which are spaced apart by approx. 1 00 mm on the same axis 1 8 as the impeller 2 are arranged and have an increasing diameter in the material flow direction. By radial cutting 7 of the star wheels 6, the straw is pre-shredded. Blockages and blocking of the impeller as a result of wound around the axis, long material components can be avoided, the star wheels 6 are shaped so that the pre-shredded straw is thrown radially to the impeller 2 and indeed so evenly distributed in the axial direction 1 8 that the wear on the impeller 2 can be reduced in total.

Upon impact of the pre-shredded straw on the radially disposed blow bars 8 of the rapidly rotating impeller 2 having a circumference of typically about 1,200 mm to 1,600 mm, strong, high-energy shear, impact, friction, compression, bending and impact forces act the straw particles. The resulting comminution effects comprise, in particular, fiber-parallel splitting of the particles with splitting rates of up to 80% to 85%. The result is splinters or narrow, fine chips with substantially preserved fiber structure, which are radially conveyed by the centrifugal force along the blow bars 8 of the impeller 2.

If the straw is later processed into decorative sheets as the final product, not only will a higher split rate of over 90% to 95% required, but also requires a particularly large particle length of the crushed straw of at least 90 mm to 1 00 mm.

Such high demands on the quality of the shredded straw can be fulfilled by the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by the optional additional installation of a striking ring 4.

The striking ring 4 also rotates about the same axis 1 8 as the impeller 2 and the star wheels 6. The use of a hollow axle is made possible that the striking ring 4 rotates in opposite directions to the impeller. The rotational speed of the impact ring 4 is very low, for example, below 1 00 U / min compared to the impeller with regularly over 1 000 U / min. Similar to the blow bars 8 of the impeller 2, the striking ring 4 impact edges 9. The pre-shredded straw, which moves radially along the blow bars 8 of the impeller 2 by the centrifugal force, continues due to the inertia, the rotational movement of the impeller even after leaving the blow bars 8 in the shear area 3, where the pre-shredded straw meets the blow bars 8, causing it again comes to the crushing effects described above, a particularly high splitting rate of over 90% to 95% can be achieved. The crushed material eventually migrates by the centrifugal force along the striking edges 9 in the material discharge area 5 in the vicinity of the housing 1 7th

Straw usually has knots in the stalks at intervals of about 1 to 20 mm. Such a node has a particularly high strength compared to the straw and is therefore fissile only with great effort. A device which provides only a star wheel 6 and an impeller 2 for crushing, these nodes can be split only to a small extent. Due to the additional installation of a striking ring 4, a split in comparison to a larger share node can be achieved. The proportion of split nodes is usually lower than the above-mentioned cleavage rates of the material by the crushing. The blow bars 8 of the impeller 2 and the impact edges 9 of the impact ring 4 are constructed similarly. Between a front ring and a rear ring 1 6 supports 1 2 are attached. The carrier 1 2 are aligned substantially radially. Different angular positions α, ß of the carrier 1 2 are possible. The carrier 1 2 serve as a receptacle for wear plates 1 0, which basically form the beaters 8 and 9 striking edges and are in direct contact with the material. The wear plates 1 0 have one or more holes 1 9 for fastening by means of screw 1 4 on. Thus, a slight replacement of the wear plates 1 0 allows. The carriers also have a slot 1 3, which allows fixing the wear plates 1 0 in different radial positions. A typical adjustment range is 0 mm to 50 mm for both Impeller 2 and Impact Ring 4.

Between the carrier 1 2 and the wear plate 1 0 can be provided for supporting the wear plate 1 0 an additional exchangeable support plate 1 1, which between the carrier 1 2 and the wear plate 1 0 is arranged (Figure 3).

Between the wear plates 1 0 of the impeller 2 and the impact ring 4 creates a gap a. The slots 1 3 are arranged so that the gap a can typically assume values between 5 mm and 1 05 mm. By stop 1 5 setting a smaller gap width a is not possible.

By adjusting the gap a, the straw length can be selectively influenced after comminution. A targeted crushing of the straw with particularly large particle lengths of on average over 50 mm or an average particle length in the range of about 90 mm to 1 00 mm can be effected by the present device, A processing of straw for later processing of the world to high-quality end products such Decorative panels are made possible. In particular, a light, dry, fibrous material comprises reeds, in particular a light, dry, fibrous material comprises stems, stems or fibers of grasses such as rice, rice straw, corn, wheat, barley, millet, oats, rye or cattail,

In particular, a light, dry, fibrous material comprises jute, hemp, flax, kenaf, palm fronds or sisal,

In particular, a light, dry, fibrous material comprises coconut, soybean, bamboo, peanut shells, light woods, cotton trees or wool or wool. In particular, a light, dry, fibrous material includes textile waste, plant waste, paper waste or other light, dry, fibrous waste products,

In particular, in the above description and claims, the term "straw" also includes other lignocellulosic materials, preferably having a straw-like structure, such as, for example, thatch, rice straw or bamboo.

Claims

claims

1 . Process for comminuting a light, dry, fibrous

Material, in particular straw, characterized in that by adjusting a gap (a) between a blow bar (8) and a

Impact edge (9) of a comminution device for light, dry, fibrous material, a particle length of the comminuted material is specifically influenced,

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the one

Cleavage rate of at least 60%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 90% is achieved by at least one beater strip (8) and at least one impact edge (9) of the

Comminuted material is comminuted, wherein in particular with a star wheel (6) the material is pre-comminuted,

3. Device for crushing a light, dry, fibrous

Material, in particular straw, with a material inflow region (1), an impeller [2] and a material discharge region (5) for the comminuted material, in particular for carrying out the process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by

Starwheel (6) with at least one cutting edge (7) for pre-shredding the material and for spinning the pre-shredded material to the impeller (2),

4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by at least one impact key (8) of the impeller (2) for crushing and conveying the pre-shredded material,

5. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by a striking ring (4) having at least one impact edge (9) for crushing the pre-shredded material,

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a gap (α) between a blow bar (8) of the impeller (2) and an impact edge (9) of a striking ring (4) is adjustable.

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the striking ring (4) relative to the impeller (2)

can rotate in opposite directions or not at all, or at the same speed at a lower speed,

8. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized by a lower boundary of the gap (a), preferably stop (1 5), which the gap (α) to a gap width of preferably at least 1, 5 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, particularly preferably can limit at least 5 mm,

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by more than one star wheel (6) in particular with winkeiversetzter

Arrangement and / or axia! spaced arrangement, preferably with increasing diameter of the star wheels (6) in the material flow direction.

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that one or more blow bars (8) are arranged on an impeller (2) and / or one or more striking edges (9) on a striking ring (4) in a specific angular position (α, β),

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one blow bar (8) and / or at least one

Impact edge (9) with a replaceable wear plate (1 0) for

Crushing and conveying the pre-shredded material.

12. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized by at least one blow bar (8) and / or at least one striking edge (9) with a removable support plate (11) for reinforcing the

Wear plate (10).

13. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized by at least one blow bar (8) and / or at least one impact edge (9) with a support (12) for fixing a support plate (11) or wear plate (10), preferably with a fixing device for fixing the carrier (12) in a certain angular position (α, ß),

14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a locking device for adjusting and holding a support plate

(11) and / or wear plate (10) on a support (12), in particular comprising a slot (13) and / or a screw connection (14).

15. Device according to one of the preceding claims »characterized by a suction unit which is such that the light, dry, fibrous material from a material inlet region (1) through a shear area (3) in a material discharge area (5) can be sucked.