Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
  • B22D41/06—Equipment for tilting
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
  • B22D41/04—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like tiltable

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and a device for turning over metallurgical vessels, in particular ladles, which are pivotably mounted with pins in a hanger.
• tilting chairs or ladle tilting chairs are known in numerous configurations in the prior art. Tilting chairs of this type are used in particular in steelworks in the context of steel production or steel production.
• metallurgical vessels in particular ladles, are used to transport liquid steel.
• the ladles are fireproofed vessels, which have two hanger pins in their upper part, to each of which a hanger is rotatably mounted.
• the hangers can also be the hook or the like load-carrying means of a crane or the like lifting device which or which pivotably engages the pin of the metallurgical vessel.
• Casting ladles are usually transported by means of a crane or similar lifting device. When a ladle is transported by means of a crane, crane hooks connected to the lifting drive of the crane engage in the two hangers via a crossbar.
• the hanger pins of the ladle are arranged on the top of the ladle in such a way that the position of the hanger pins on the ladle means that the center of gravity of the ladle is always below the pins or the axis of the pins, so that a ladle hanging in the crane always hangs vertical, that is hanging in a vertical position.
• Shut-off devices for the liquid steel - so-called ladle slides - and so-called flushing stones which serve to introduce inert gas to homogenize the steel melt are usually installed in the bottom of the ladles.
• the ladle slide is used to empty the melt into molds or casting machines.
• Ladle sliders generally have various ceramic, especially refractory ceramic wear parts.
• the work on the bottom of the ladles which is extremely labor-intensive and resource-intensive, also requires extensive preparatory work to carry out the work, in particular maintenance and / or repair work on the ladle valves and sink stones of the ladles.
• the ladles in the iron and steel mill are usually to be transported over long distances to neighboring halls far from the actual steelmaking plant, where they are moved from a vertical position to a horizontal position in order to carry out work on the bottom of the ladle.
• a high level of personnel and operating resources is also required, in particular for cranes, floor vehicles and the like.
• the invention is based on the object of providing a method and a device for turning over metallurgical vessels, in particular ladles, which are pivotably mounted with pegs in a hanger and which, while avoiding the disadvantages described, are simple and cost-effective enable safe and quick relocation of ladles and in particular make the use of drives or second crane lifts unnecessary.
• the object is achieved according to the invention in that a metallurgical vessel is moved from a vertical position into a horizontal position by the gravitational force acting thereon about the axis of its pegs.
• the invention is based on the finding that a metallurgical vessel without any drives can be swiveled simply and safely with the aid of the gravitational force acting on the metallurgical vessel around the axis of its pegs and can be folded over from a vertical position to a horizontal position.
• the invention thus in particular enables the repair and / or maintenance work on casting ladles with the auxiliary units that may be necessary for a casting process in the steelmaking operation in a metallurgical plant to be carried out in the shortest possible time.
• auxiliary units such as disassembly and / or assembly devices for perforated stones on the part of the pouring ladle spout, sink stones, ladle slides and ladle slider ceramics, laser measuring devices with or without spray robots and cleaning devices for the refractory lining of the ladles, can be used as quickly as possible according to the invention.
• a horizontally burning ladle fire can be used as quickly as possible.
• the metallurgical vessel advantageously hangs with its hangers on a suspension element or on a load suspension device of a crane, at least when it is folded over.
• the weight of the metallurgical vessel is held by the crane, so that corresponding receiving devices on the ground that receive the metallurgical vessel can only absorb and move correspondingly lower loads and accordingly have to be designed in a less complex manner.
• This also increases the safety when handling the metallurgical vessel, in particular since the metallurgical vessel hangs in the crane, at least when it is moved from a vertical position to a horizontal position.
• a metallurgical vessel hanging in a vertical position with its hangers on a suspension element or on a load-bearing means of a crane is moved into the horizontal position by the gravitational force acting on it during the lowering movement of the crane.
• the folded-over metallurgical vessel is pivoted about the axis of its pegs by a drive means, preferably a cable drive, which particularly preferably engages the bottom of the metallurgical vessel, and essentially moves out of the horizontal position vertical position spent.
• a drive means preferably a cable drive
• the object according to the invention is achieved by two rotatably mounted rotatable bearings that are arranged parallel to one another and spaced apart from one another Swinging with two free ends each, a pocket-like receptacle being arranged at a free end of the swinging arm for storing a hanger or a pin of the metallurgical vessel.
• a weight is arranged on the other free end of the rocker arms, which provides a counterweight for the pocket-like receptacles arranged at the opposite free end of the rocker arms and holds the swingarms with their pocket-like receptacles in the unloaded state, that is to say without a metallurgical vessel received, in the receiving position.
• a pneumatic and / or hydraulic cylinder acts on the other free end of the rockers, which generates the holding force generated by the weight counteracting the pocket-like receptacle or supports the weight in its function.
• a further embodiment of the invention provides that the torque generated at the free end of the rocker which has the pocket-like receptacle for storing a hanger or a peg of the metallurgical vessel is less than that at the other free end of the rocker when the metallurgical vessel is not accommodated the weight and / or the pneumatic and / or hydraulic cylinder generated moment.
• the moment at the free end of the rocker having the pocket-like receptacle for storing a hanger or a peg of the metallurgical vessel is greater when the metallurgical vessel is received than is the moment at the other free end of the rocker due to the weight and / or the pneumatic and / or hydraulic cylinder generated moment.
• the rockers advantageously have drivers which interact with stops arranged on the metallurgical vessel.
• the drivers advantageously lie against the stops arranged on the metallurgical vessel such that when the metallurgical vessel is lowered, the lower part of the metallurgical vessel swings up.
• the pocket-like receptacle for storing a hanger or a peg of the metallurgical vessel at the free end the swing arm is rotatably mounted.
• the pocket-like receptacle can follow when the rocker is rotated or pivoted in such a way that it is always in a vertical position suitable for receiving a hanger or a pin of the metallurgical vessel.
• the free end of the rocker which has the pocket-like receptacle for storing a hanger or a peg of the metallurgical vessel has means for positioning the pocket-like receptacle in a position suitable for storing a hanger or a peg of the metallurgical vessel, preferably a stop limiting the movement of the pocket-like receptacle.
• Another embodiment provides means for limiting the movement of the rockers, in particular in order to be able to hold them in a defined and secure manner in the vertical or horizontal position.
• the means are a stop cooperating with the pocket-like receptacle for storing a hanger or a pin of the metallurgical vessel, and with the other free end of the rocker, preferably with the weight arranged on the other free end of the rocker , interacting stop.
• means are provided for adjusting the horizontal and / or vertical position of the metallurgical vessel accommodated in the pocket-like receptacle.
• the means advantageously make fine positioning of the metallurgical vessel possible, for example in order to be able to precisely align the metallurgical vessel accommodated in the pocket-like receptacles and in particular to be able to place the bottom of the metallurgical vessel in a vertical position.
• the means are advantageously short-stroke devices, preferably hydraulically and / or electromechanically actuated short-stroke devices, which are preferably arranged under the pocket-like receptacle and / or which make the stop limiting the movement of the rockers adjustable in height, for example hydraulic plunger cylinders.
• a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides means for guiding the movement of the rockers and / or the pocket-like receptacles.
• the rockers and / or the pocket-like receptacles advantageously have at least one bearing, preferably a roller bearing, which during the movement of the wings and / or the pocket-like receptacles is guided in or along an arcuate curve, and in particular fix the pocket-like receptacles in such a way that the hangers of the metallurgical vessel are always guided perpendicular to the ground.
• the movement of the rockers and / or the pocket-like receptacles and thus the vertical position of the hangers of the metallurgical vessel is reliably guided by the guide means when the metallurgical vessel is folded over.
• the rockers are connected to one another, preferably by means of the drivers which interact with the stops arranged on the metallurgical vessel.
• the two rockers can advantageously be synchronized.
• the rockers are each rotatably mounted in a trestle, preferably made of steel, preferably off-center, that is to say in particular deviating from the center of gravity of the rockers.
• the trestles are advantageously arranged firmly on a base plate.
• the device is transportable and, for this purpose, can preferably be picked up by a load suspension device of a crane or an industrial truck and can be transported with it.
• the base plate can also advantageously be cranked, so that a pit can be arranged between the trestles.
• the device has tools and devices for maintenance and / or repair work on the metallurgical vessel, preferably disassembly and / or assembly devices for perforated stones on the part of the pouring of a metallurgical vessel, sink stones, ladle slide and ladle slide ceramics, laser measuring devices with and / or without spray robots and Plastering devices for the refractory lining of the metallurgical vessel.
• Figure 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a steel ladle according to the prior art.
• FIG. 2 shows a side view of the steel ladle according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 shows a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for turning over a ladle
• FIG. 4 shows a front view of the device according to FIG. 3;
• FIG. 5 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 with a steel ladle according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 hanging in a crane hook;
• FIG. 6 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 with a steel ladle according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 after it has been folded over and
• FIG. 7 shows a side view of a further exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for turning over a ladle with a steel ladle according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 after turning over.
• FIG. 1 and 2 show a steel ladle 1 known in the prior art.
• the metallurgical vessel 1 of the steel ladle is pivotally mounted in hangers 3 with pins 2 arranged in the upper region on opposite sides of the vessel 1.
• stops 4 are arranged on the opposite sides thereof, which serve to guide and / or position the metallurgical vessel 1.
• FIGS. 3 and 4 show a device for turning a steel ladle 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 from a vertical position into a horizontal position.
• the device consists of two rockers 6 which are arranged parallel to one another and spaced apart from one another and are rotatably mounted about the axis 10 in blocks 5.
• the rockers 6 each have two essentially L-shaped rocker arms which are arranged essentially at right angles to one another are and each have a free end E1 or E2.
• a pocket-like receptacle 8 for supporting a suspension 3 of the metallurgical vessel 1 is arranged so as to be rotatable about the axis 9.
• a weight 15 is arranged at the other free end E2 of the rockers 6.
• the rocker arms of the rockers 6, in particular the distance a between the rocker axis 10 and the axis 9 of the pocket-like, substantially U-shaped receptacle 8 for the storage of a hanger 3 of the metallurgical vessel 1 and the distance b between the rocker axis 10 and the weight 15 are dimensioned and designed in such a way that the torque generated at the free end E1 of the rocker 6 which has the pocket-like receptacle 8 for storing a hanger 3 of the metallurgical vessel 1 is less when the metallurgical vessel 1 is not accommodated and is greater than when the metallurgical vessel 1 is accommodated the moment generated by the weight 15 at the other free end E2 of the rocker 6.
• the rockers 6 have in the area of the other free end E2 on the corresponding rocker arm with the stops 4 arranged on the metallurgical vessel 1 interacting drivers 7. Furthermore, in the region of the free end E1 on the corresponding swing arm, the rocker arms have a stop 11 which limits the movement of the pocket-like receptacle 8 for the bearing reception of a hanger 3 of the metallurgical vessel 1, through which the pocket-like receptacle 8 rotatably mounted about the axis 9 free end E1 of the rocker 6 is held in a position suitable for storing a hanger 3 of the metallurgical vessel 1.
• the trestles 5 are made of steel and welded and / or screwed firmly to a steel base plate 14. The distance between the blocks 5 is designed such that the metallurgical vessel 1 can be received between them.
• the trestles 5 have a stop 13 which interacts with the pocket-like receptacle 8 for storing a hanger 3 of the metallurgical vessel 1 and has the free end E1 of the rocker 6 and a stop 12 which cooperates with the other free end E2 of the rocker 6 with the weight 15 on.
• the stops 12 and 13 serve to limit the movement of the rockers 6.
• the rotatably mounted rockers 6 are pressed onto the stops 12 by means of the weights 15.
• the stops 11 for the rotatably mounted pocket-like receptacles 8 fix in the receptacle position for the vertically hanging hangers 3 of the steel ladle 1.
• the rocker 6 is - as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 - due to the fact that the moment Weight 15 times the distance b is greater than the moment of the weight of the receiving pocket 8 times the distance a.
• the steel ladle 1 hanging in the crane hook is lowered by the crane and placed with its hangers 3 in the pocket-like receptacles 8.
• the rockers 6 or pocket-like receptacles 8 give in to the weight and describe a circular arc or circular arc section downwards, in the present case - as can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6 - counterclockwise.
• the crane with its trolley travel follows this circular arc or circular arc section downward during the lowering movement.
• the pan drivers 7 accordingly describe an arc upwards with the lower part of the steel casting ladle 1, as can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6 - counterclockwise.
• the pocket-like receptacles 8 lie firmly on the receptacle pocket storage device 13 and the hangers 3 in the pocket-like receptacles 8 and the steel casting ladle 1 lies horizontally.
• the crane can extend or unhook its hooks from the hangers 3.
• the pan is removed in the reverse order.
• the crane threads its hooks into the hanger 3 and lifts the steel ladle. During the lifting run, the crane follows the circular arc or circular path of the hangers 3 with the trolley travel.
• the crane can lift the steel ladle out of the device without a stopover. This can be done, for example, in the main production hall Metallurgical operations within the framework of steel production with short distances can be guaranteed so that the transfer device can be set up on the edge of a hall as far as the crane's trolley travel allows.
• the steel pouring ladle 1 to be repaired or serviced can be repositioned during the lowering of the crane without any loss of time in such a way that the ladle bottom reaches below the crane runway. Outside the crane approach area under the crane runway and adjacent to a neighboring hall, maintenance and / or repair on the bottom of the pan is possible without the need for any additional transport and actions with the necessary auxiliary units.
• the work can be carried out in a very short time, in about five to ten minutes, so that the availability of the steel ladle can be increased by almost four hours is. Accordingly, provision for the transport of the steel ladle, of floor vehicles, cranes, ladle fires, personnel and the like is unnecessary.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
• Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
• Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
• Furnace Details (AREA)
• Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
• Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-05-15 EP EP04739217A patent/EP1628794B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-05-15 KR KR1020057022086A patent/KR101056358B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2004-05-15 DE DE502004001544T patent/DE502004001544D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-05-15 AT AT04739217T patent/ATE340043T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-05-15 WO PCT/EP2004/005240 patent/WO2004103611A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2004-05-15 BR BRPI0410743-8A patent/BRPI0410743A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-05-15 RU RU2005139726/02A patent/RU2349417C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation

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