EP1620251A1 - Press comprising a correction of a press band course - Google Patents

Press comprising a correction of a press band course

Info

Publication number
EP1620251A1
EP1620251A1 EP03732392A EP03732392A EP1620251A1 EP 1620251 A1 EP1620251 A1 EP 1620251A1 EP 03732392 A EP03732392 A EP 03732392A EP 03732392 A EP03732392 A EP 03732392A EP 1620251 A1 EP1620251 A1 EP 1620251A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
belt
roller bars
press belt
course
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03732392A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1620251B1 (en
Inventor
Erich Haider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lignum Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Kronospan Technical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kronospan Technical Co Ltd filed Critical Kronospan Technical Co Ltd
Publication of EP1620251A1 publication Critical patent/EP1620251A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1620251B1 publication Critical patent/EP1620251B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
    • B30B5/06—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
    • B30B5/06—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band
    • B30B5/065—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band using anti-friction means for the pressing band
    • B30B5/067—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band using anti-friction means for the pressing band using anti-friction roller means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a continuous and in particular a double belt press and a method for controlling the course of the press belt.
  • a double belt press comprises two rotating belts that are pressed against each other.
  • DE 41 1 0 678 C1 and DE 1 98 24 723 Cl disclose presses of the type according to the invention.
  • the continuous press is used to press glued wood particles, fibers, shavings or an already pre-pressed fiber mat, especially when heat is applied.
  • roller bars or rollers that apply suitable pressure to the respective press belt in the direction of the material to be pressed
  • roller bars or rollers that apply suitable pressure to the respective press belt in the direction of the material to be pressed
  • several roller bars are arranged parallel to each other and attached to a chain on the right and left, the two chains are driven by gear wheels, the gear wheels are laterally attached to an insertion shaft or an output shaft.
  • the roller bars with the chains also form an encircling belt.
  • DE 41 1 0 678 Cl discloses a continuous press with rotating steel belts.
  • the respective steel belt is guided by means of roller bodies or roller bars.
  • the course of the respective steel strip is corrected by varying the pressure that the roller bars exert on the press belt.
  • DE 1 98 247 23 Cl shows a method for setting the inlet contour of the inlet mouth of a continuous press.
  • the upper inlet plate of the inlet mouth is then formed by means of a differential cylinder to form an inlet contour with at least one inlet-side mat contact zone, a mat clamping zone adjoining the mat contact zone and a mat connection zone adjoining the mat clamping zone is deformed. In this way, material jams in the course of material compression as well as blowouts are avoided, even at high press speeds.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device in which on the one hand the press belt of a continuous press improves the desired course in the pressing area and on the other hand the product quality is not impaired in the aforementioned manner,
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a device with the features of the first claim.
  • a method for solving the problem comprises the features of the subsidiary claim.
  • the roller bars are only aligned with regard to their position in the plane that runs parallel to the press belt.
  • the roller bars are ideally aligned perpendicular to the direction of the press belt. If a press belt deviates undesirably from the desired course, the roller bars are unscrewed relative to the press belt from this vertical position in such a way that a counteraction is achieved and the press belt returns to the desired course. This ensures that the press belt is returned to the desired position or takes the desired course. It is not necessary to change the pressure that the roller bars exert on the press belt. This ensures consistent product quality.
  • a device for carrying out the method comprises measuring devices for detecting the course of the press belt within the press area.
  • the device further comprises a control device or control means in order to suitably control the position of the roller bars in the aforementioned manner depending on the measured course of the belt,
  • a mechanical sensor is used in particular as a measuring sensor for checking the course of the belt.
  • this sensor has an end with a roller that adjoins the belt.
  • the sensor is mechanically displaced as soon as the belt changes position, the mechanical change is registered and fed to the control device.
  • the position of the gearwheels over which the chains are guided is suitably changed by means of the control device become.
  • The. Control takes place via typically via servo cylinders with a maximum stroke of preferably at least + _ 1 mm. As a rule, however, control is carried out in the tenths of a millimeter in order to appropriately correct the tape run. A smaller stroke of more than 1/10 millimeter can therefore be sufficient in principle.
  • the roller bars are preferably on the left and right of a chain or are attached to two chains.
  • the chains are driven by gears. There are gears that are responsible for the roller bars adjoining the respective belt. Additional gears are provided on another level. These gears serve among other things to tension the chain.
  • the chain links are of different lengths due to production or undesirable due to material fatigue. In the case of a chain, it can therefore happen that individual chain links have been undesirably stretched, for example during operation. Such undesired stretching leads to the conveyor belt running out of the desired course to the left or to the right in the above-mentioned manner. Chain links of different lengths thus lead to production disruptions.
  • the position of the insertion shaft determines the position of the roller bars in the area of the inlet. This ensures that the roller bars are perpendicular to the press belt and thus a press belt is initially correctly controlled.
  • the aforementioned, desired vertical position of the roller bars z. B change as a result of stretched chain links, this undesirable deviation from the vertical position occurs particularly strongly when there is no compression.
  • the roller bars can lie "at an angle" in the central area. This means that the roller bars or rolling elements are not aligned perpendicular to the transport direction in which the press belt is transported.
  • the material to be pressed is driven into the press at a much higher speed, typically at twice the speed, compared to the transport speed of the roller bars.
  • Extended chain links can be determined directly or indirectly.
  • the length of chain links can of course also be measured directly. However, this is very complex since the measurement must be carried out in the idle state. It depends on differences in the tenths of a millimeter. Hundreds of millimeter areas also play a role. A chain can easily be 1 00 m long. The metrological effort is very large to determine the length of each link in the chain by remeasuring. This procedure is therefore usually not carried out, but in principle it can also be measured directly,
  • Another measurement method consists in providing an optical marking or a pulse generator on the input shafts or on the gearwheels, for example, which emits electrical pulses. If both chains have chain links of equal length, there is no divergence of the pulse generators or markings relative to one another. These always transmit a pulse to one sensor at the same time or two sensors measure the markings at the same time. If there are differences in the chains due to different chain lengths, the sensors register the pulses or markings at different times. From this, differences in the links of a chain can be determined, for example calculated. This can be used as an input variable in order to carry out the control according to the invention. The control system compensates for chain errors, i.e. different lengths for the chain links. The production can be accelerated compared to the state of the art and / or the product quality can be improved.
  • gears are advantageously used which are used exclusively for measuring or measuring the chain.
  • These additional gears have pulse generators or optical markings.
  • the gears are especially paired used in a row. These are very close to each other from e.g. B. 1000 mm.
  • the times of the pulse generators are compared. Resulting deviations provide information about resulting deviations in the intended chain length or chain link length. This also directly determines the inclination of the roil bars in the pressing area. So a total of four gears are used. These are preferably in the return area so as not to influence the actual production process in any way. In the press or production area, information that is determined can be incorrect, since the pressure influences can falsify the result.
  • gearwheels with pulse generators or optical markings is used in particular to precisely determine the position of a roller bar.
  • Gear wheels arranged one behind the other in the running direction are preferably used for the exact determination of lengths of the chain links.
  • the invention is therefore able to solve two problems:
  • a problem can be solved during the production process, that is to say during pressing, which was already mentioned at the beginning in the prior art, 2.
  • a second problem which occurs when starting a pressing device is solved in one embodiment of the invention.
  • a laminate floor preferably comprises a board made of a wooden material such as. B. HDF, MDF or a chipboard. Papers are attached above and below such a carrier material. A decorative paper is provided on one side, which determines the look of the floor. On the other side, a counter-pulling paper is provided, which prevents the plate from warping after the pressing. There is an abrasion-resistant layer above the decorative paper to protect the floor against abrasion. Below a layer of soundproofing material can be provided.
  • lateral areas of the press belt in the press area are suitably braked or accelerated in order to control the course of the press belt.
  • FIG. 1 outlines a continuous press for the production of MDF, HDF or chipboard and the like.
  • Two steel press belts 1 are guided around rollers 2.
  • Rotatably mounted rods 3, which are called roller rods, are connected to one another in a band-like manner via 5 chains 4.
  • the chains 4 are driven by gears, not shown.
  • the gearwheels are located at the ends of input shafts 5 and output shafts 6.
  • the belt formed from the roller bars 3 is guided around the aforementioned shafts 5 and 6, generally at a significantly lower speed than the 0 speed at which the press belts 1 are guided around the rollers 2. This has the consequence that the rotatably mounted roller bars rotate.
  • the material to be pressed is transported into the press along arrow 7.
  • the pressing is then carried out in the area to which the roller bars adjoin.
  • Figure 2 shows a plan view of the roller bars 3, these are perpendicular to
  • FIG. 3 shows in supervision the case in which a group of roller bars 3 ; a is not aligned exactly perpendicular to the direction of transport due to chain links of chain 4 of different lengths. This inclined position causes an undesired deviation of the press belt from the target runs when this obliquely aligned roller bar presses on the press belt to transfer pressure to the material to be pressed.
  • This deviation is counteracted according to the invention by, for example, temporarily aligning the output shaft (not shown in FIG. 3) in the opposite direction, that is to say shifting it on the right side in the direction of arrow 8 in accordance with FIG.
  • two toothed wheels 9 are arranged one behind the other and provided with markings or pulse generators 10.
  • Sensors register the markings, for example, in the “three o'clock” position shown.
  • the deviation in the length of the chain link can then be determined on the basis of the speed of rotation of the gear wheels and the time difference. This information is used to control the alignment of the roller bars,
  • Rotatable wheels 1 1 are pressed by spring force in the direction of the respective edge of the press belt. be moved along the double arrow 1 2.
  • a displacement sensor 1 3 can detect this movement along the double arrow 1 2.
  • the wheels 11 move accordingly along the double arrow 12.
  • the respective displacement sensor 13 detects the change. The change immediately reflects the deviation from the target course.
  • the detected change is transmitted to electronics, which in response controls the inclination of the corresponding roller bars until the desired course is restored.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Control Of Presses (AREA)

Abstract

A press for pressing a material to form a structural component comprises at least one revolving press band and a control for controlling the course of the press band. The control is preferably carried out via rotating rods that engage the press band and that can be tilted at a convenient angle for the purposes of varying the direction of travel of the press band. According to the method, the band of the press can be controlled by appropriately tilting the rotating rods.

Description

Presse mit Korrektur eines PressbαndverlαufsPress with correction of a press tape
Die Erfindung betrifft eine kontinuierliche und zwar insbesondere eine Doppelbandpresse sowie ein Verfahren zur Steuerung des Verlaufs des Pressbandes. Eine Doppelbandpresse umfasst zwei umlaufende Bänder, die gegeneinander gepresst werden. Die DE 41 1 0 678 C1 sowie DE 1 98 24 723 Cl offenbaren Pressen der erfindungsgemäßen Art.The invention relates to a continuous and in particular a double belt press and a method for controlling the course of the press belt. A double belt press comprises two rotating belts that are pressed against each other. DE 41 1 0 678 C1 and DE 1 98 24 723 Cl disclose presses of the type according to the invention.
Die kontinuierliche Presse wird verwendet, um mit Leim versehene Holzpartikel, Fasern, Späne oder eine bereits vorgepresste Fasermatte zu verpressen und zwar insbesondere unter Zufuhr von Wärme.The continuous press is used to press glued wood particles, fibers, shavings or an already pre-pressed fiber mat, especially when heat is applied.
Insbesondere bei einer Doppelbandpresse besteht das Problem, dass ein umlaufendes Band in Transportrichtung gesehen nach links oder nach rechts herausläuft, Das Problem des herauslaufenden Bandes ist vor allem im -Pressbereich problematisch. Bei einer Doppelbandpresse liegt dieser Bereich zwischen den beiden Walzen am vorderen und am hinte- ren Ende, um die das jeweilige umlaufende Stahlband herumgeführt wird.In particular in the case of a double belt press, there is the problem that a rotating belt runs out to the left or to the right, as seen in the transport direction. The problem of the belt running out is particularly problematic in the pressing area. In the case of a double belt press, this area lies between the two rollers at the front and at the rear end, around which the respective rotating steel belt is guided.
Im Pressbereich gibt es Rollstäbe oder Walzen, die geeignet Druck auf das jeweilige Pressband in Richtung des zu verpressenden Guts ausüben, Insbesondere sind mehrere Rollstäbe parallel zueinander angeordnet und rechts und links an einer Kette befestigt, Die beiden Ketten werden über Zahnräder angetrieben, Die Zahnräder sind seitlich an einer Einführwelle bzw. an einer Ausführwelle befestigt. Auf diese Weise bilden die Rollstäbe mit den "Ketten ebenfalls ein umlaufendes Band. Die Rollstäbe bzw. das hierdurch gebildete Band liegt also an einer Seite an ein Pressband an.In the pressing area there are roller bars or rollers that apply suitable pressure to the respective press belt in the direction of the material to be pressed, in particular several roller bars are arranged parallel to each other and attached to a chain on the right and left, the two chains are driven by gear wheels, the gear wheels are laterally attached to an insertion shaft or an output shaft. In this way, the roller bars with the chains also form an encircling belt. The roller bars, or the belt formed thereby, therefore abuts a press belt on one side.
Die vorgenannten Merkmale gehören einzeln oder in Kombination zur vorliegenden Erfindung, Die DE 41 1 0 678 Cl offenbart eine Durchlaufpresse mit umlaufend angetriebenen Stahlbändern, Im eigentlichen Pressbereich wird das jeweilige Stahlband mittels Rollkörper bzw. Rollstäbe geführt. Durch Variation des Drucks, den die Rollstäbe auf das Pressband ausüben, wird der Verlauf des jeweiligen Stahlbandes korrigiert.The aforementioned features belong individually or in combination to the present invention, DE 41 1 0 678 Cl discloses a continuous press with rotating steel belts. In the actual pressing area, the respective steel belt is guided by means of roller bodies or roller bars. The course of the respective steel strip is corrected by varying the pressure that the roller bars exert on the press belt.
Durch Änderung des Drucks, den die Rollstäbe auf das Pressband ausüben, gelingt es zwar grundsätzlich, den Verlauf eines als Pressband ein- gesetzten Stahlbandes zu steuern. Nachteilhaft wird bei der vorgenannten Lösung des Problems auch der Druck verändert, der auf das zu verpressende Gut wirkt, Hierdurch ergeben sich Beeinträchtigungen der Produktqualität,By changing the pressure that the roller bars exert on the press belt, it is fundamentally possible to control the course of a steel belt used as a press belt. The above-mentioned solution to the problem also disadvantageously changes the pressure which acts on the material to be pressed. This results in impairments of the product quality,
Das vorliegende Problem tritt insbesondere bei besonders langen Pressen auf, Hier neigt ein umlaufendes Pressband im Pressbereich besonders stark dazu, vom Sollverlauf abzuweichen,The present problem occurs in particular in the case of particularly long presses. Here, a rotating press belt in the press area tends to deviate from the desired course,
Der DE 1 98 247 23 Cl ist ein Verfahren zum Einstellen der Einlaufkontur des Einlaufmauls einer kontinuierlichen Presse zu entnehmen, Danach wird die obere Einlaufplatte des Einlaufmauls mittels Differentialzylinder unter Bildung einer Einlaufkontur mit zumindest einer einlaufseitigen Mat- tenkontaktzone, einer sich in die Mattenkontaktzone anschließenden Matteneinspannzone und einer sich an die Matteneinspannzone anschlie- ßenden Mattenverbindungszone verformt. Auf diese Weise werden Mate- rialstau im Zuge der Materialverdichtung ebenso wie Ausblasungen selbst bei hohen Pressengeschwindigkeiten vermieden.DE 1 98 247 23 Cl shows a method for setting the inlet contour of the inlet mouth of a continuous press. The upper inlet plate of the inlet mouth is then formed by means of a differential cylinder to form an inlet contour with at least one inlet-side mat contact zone, a mat clamping zone adjoining the mat contact zone and a mat connection zone adjoining the mat clamping zone is deformed. In this way, material jams in the course of material compression as well as blowouts are avoided, even at high press speeds.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Bereitstellung eines Verfahrens sowie einer Vorrichtung, bei der einerseits das Pressband einer kontinuierlichen Presse den gewünschten Verlauf im Pressbereich verbessert einhält und andererseits die Produktqualität nicht in der vorgenannten Weise be- einträchtigt wird, Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des ersten Anspruchs gelöst. Ein Verfahren zur Lösung des Problems umfasst die Merkmale des Nebenanspruchs.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device in which on the one hand the press belt of a continuous press improves the desired course in the pressing area and on the other hand the product quality is not impaired in the aforementioned manner, The object of the invention is achieved by a device with the features of the first claim. A method for solving the problem comprises the features of the subsidiary claim.
Erfindungsgemäß wird insbesondere vermieden, den Druck der Rollstäbe zu verändern, mit denen die Rollstäbe auf das Pressband drücken. Statt dessen werden die Rollstäbe lediglich hinsichtlich ihrer Lage in der Ebene ausgerichtet, die parallel zum Pressband verläuft. Im Grundzustand sind die Rollstäbe im Idealzustand senkrecht zur Laufrichtung des Pressbandes ausgerichtet. Weicht ein Pressband unerwünscht vom Sollverlauf ab, so werden die Rollstäbe relativ zum Pressband aus dieser senkrechten Lage derart herausgedreht, dass hierdurch eine Gegenwirkung erzielt wird und das Pressband zum Sollverlauf zurückkehrt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass das Pressband in die gewünschte Lage zurückgeführt wird bzw. den ge- wünschten Verlauf nimmt. Dabei ist es nicht erforderlich, den Druck zu verändern, den die Rollstäbe auf das Pressband ausüben. Hierdurch wird eine gleich bleibende Produktqualität erzielt.According to the invention, it is in particular avoided to change the pressure of the roller bars with which the roller bars press on the press belt. Instead, the roller bars are only aligned with regard to their position in the plane that runs parallel to the press belt. In the basic state, the roller bars are ideally aligned perpendicular to the direction of the press belt. If a press belt deviates undesirably from the desired course, the roller bars are unscrewed relative to the press belt from this vertical position in such a way that a counteraction is achieved and the press belt returns to the desired course. This ensures that the press belt is returned to the desired position or takes the desired course. It is not necessary to change the pressure that the roller bars exert on the press belt. This ensures consistent product quality.
Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens umfasst in einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform Messeinrichtungen zur Erfassung des Verlaufs des Pressbandes innerhalb des Pressbereiches. Die Vorrichtung umfasst ferner eine Steuerungseinrichtung bzw. Steuerungsmittel, um in Abhängigkeit vom gemessenen Verlauf des Bandes die Lage der Rollstäbe in vorgenannter Weise geeignet zu steuern,In an advantageous embodiment, a device for carrying out the method comprises measuring devices for detecting the course of the press belt within the press area. The device further comprises a control device or control means in order to suitably control the position of the roller bars in the aforementioned manner depending on the measured course of the belt,
Als Messfühler zur Kontrolle des Bandverlaufs wird insbesondere ein mechanischer Fühler eingesetzt, Dieser umfasst in einer besonders einfa- chen Ausführungsform ein Ende mit einer Rolle, die an das Band angrenzt, Der Fühler wird mechanisch verschoben, sobald das Band die Lage verändert, Die mechanische Veränderung wird registriert und der Steuerungseinrichtung zugeführt, Mittels der Steuerungseinrichtung wird die Lage der Zahnräder geeignet verändert, über die die Ketten geführt werden. Die. Steuerung erfolgt über typischerweise über Servozylinder mit einem maximalen Hub von bevorzugt wenigstens +_ 1 mm. In der Regel wird jedoch im Zehntelmillimeterbereich gesteuert, um den Bandverlauf geeignet zu korrigieren. Ein kleinerer Hub von mehr als 1 /10 Millimeter kann daher grundsätzlich bereits ausreichend sein.A mechanical sensor is used in particular as a measuring sensor for checking the course of the belt. In a particularly simple embodiment, this sensor has an end with a roller that adjoins the belt. The sensor is mechanically displaced as soon as the belt changes position, the mechanical change is registered and fed to the control device. The position of the gearwheels over which the chains are guided is suitably changed by means of the control device become. The. Control takes place via typically via servo cylinders with a maximum stroke of preferably at least + _ 1 mm. As a rule, however, control is carried out in the tenths of a millimeter in order to appropriately correct the tape run. A smaller stroke of more than 1/10 millimeter can therefore be sufficient in principle.
Wie bereits geschildert, befinden sich die Rollstäbe bevorzugt links und rechts an einer Kette bzw. sind an zwei Ketten befestigt. Die Ketten werden über Zahnräder angetrieben. Es gibt Zahnräder, die dafür zuständig sind, dass die Rollstäbe an das jeweilige Band angrenzen. Weitere Zahnräder sind in einer anderen Ebene vorgesehen. Diese Zahnräder dienen u.a. zur Spannung der Kette.As already described, the roller bars are preferably on the left and right of a chain or are attached to two chains. The chains are driven by gears. There are gears that are responsible for the roller bars adjoining the respective belt. Additional gears are provided on another level. These gears serve among other things to tension the chain.
Die Kettenglieder sind produktionsbedingt oder aufgrund von Materialer- müdungserscheinungen unerwünscht unterschiedlich lang. Bei einer Kette kann es daher passieren, dass einzelne Kettenglieder beispielsweise während des Betriebes unerwünscht gedehnt worden sind, Eine solche unerwünschte Dehnung führt zu einem Herauslaufen des Transportbandes vom gewünschten Sollverlauf nach links oder nach rechts in oben ge- nannter Weise. Unterschiedlich lange Kettenglieder führen also zu Produktionsstörungen.The chain links are of different lengths due to production or undesirable due to material fatigue. In the case of a chain, it can therefore happen that individual chain links have been undesirably stretched, for example during operation. Such undesired stretching leads to the conveyor belt running out of the desired course to the left or to the right in the above-mentioned manner. Chain links of different lengths thus lead to production disruptions.
Im Bereich des Einlaufs bestimmt die Lage der Einführwelle die Lage der Rollstäbe. Hier ist also sichergestellt, dass die Rollstäbe senkrecht zum Pressband liegen und somit ein Pressband zunächst zutreffend gesteuert wird. Insbesondere im mittleren Bereich kann sich die vorgenannte, an für sich gewünschte senkrechte Lage der Rollstäbe z. B, infolge gedehnter kettenglieder verändern, Dieses unerwünschte Abweichen von der senkrechten Lage tritt besonders stark dann auf, wenn nicht verpresst wird. Aufgrund gedehnter Kettenglieder können also im mittleren Bereich Roll- stäbe „schräg" liegen. Dies bedeutet, die Rollstäbe bzw. Rollkörper sind nicht senkrecht zur Transportrichtung, in der das Pressband transportiert, ausgerichtet, Das Pressgut wird vielfach größerer Geschwindigkeit, typischerweise mit doppelter Geschwindigkeit in die Presse hineingefahren im Vergleich zur Transportgeschwindigkeit der Rollstäbe. Dies kann zur Folge haben, dass das Pressgut in einen Bereich der Presse gelangt, wo die Rollstäbe im vorgenannten Sinne schräg verlaufen. In dem Moment würde die unerwünschte Schrägstellung bewirken, dass das Pressband den gewünschten vorgesehenen Verlauf .verlast. Das vorgenannte Problem tritt nur im Fall des Anfahrens eines Presszyklusses auf.The position of the insertion shaft determines the position of the roller bars in the area of the inlet. This ensures that the roller bars are perpendicular to the press belt and thus a press belt is initially correctly controlled. In particular in the central area, the aforementioned, desired vertical position of the roller bars z. B, change as a result of stretched chain links, this undesirable deviation from the vertical position occurs particularly strongly when there is no compression. Because of the stretched chain links, the roller bars can lie "at an angle" in the central area. This means that the roller bars or rolling elements are not aligned perpendicular to the transport direction in which the press belt is transported. The material to be pressed is driven into the press at a much higher speed, typically at twice the speed, compared to the transport speed of the roller bars. This can have the consequence that the material to be pressed reaches an area of the press where the roller bars run obliquely in the aforementioned sense. At that moment, the undesired inclination would cause the press belt to load the desired course. The above-mentioned problem only occurs when a press cycle is started.
Zu Beginn eines Pressvorgangs bzw. Presszyklusses ist daher darauf zu achten, dass dieser startet, wenn kein Herauslaufen des Bandes aufgrund schräg liegender Rollstäbe zum Beispiel aufgrund von unterschiedlich langen Gliedern einer Kette zu erwarten ist.At the beginning of a pressing process or pressing cycle, it must therefore be ensured that it starts if the belt is not expected to run out due to inclined roller bars, for example due to links of a chain of different lengths.
Erfindungsgemäß wird nun ermittelt, inwiefern ein schräger Verlauf bzw. eine schräge Lage von Rollstäben zum Beispiel aufgrund von unerwünscht gedehnten Kettengliedern zu erwarten ist. Diese Störeinflüsse werden bei der Steuerung berücksichtigt, Vor einem Anfahren wird also ermittelt, wann und wo eine Schrägstellung zum Beispiel aufgrund ge- dehnter Kettenglieder zu erwarten ist, In Abhängigkeit hiervon wird die ι . i I i ' ' | , • I ' I ι I ' • ' i iAccording to the invention, it is now determined to what extent an inclined course or an inclined position of roller bars is to be expected, for example, due to chain links which are undesirably stretched. These disturbing influences are taken into account in the control. Before starting, it is determined when and where an inclined position is to be expected, for example due to stretched chain links. Depending on this, the ι. i I i '' | , • I 'I ι I' • 'i i
Lage der Eιnführwelle(n) mit den daran befindlichen Zahnrädern gesteu- ert, über die die vorgenannten Ketten verlaufen, Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, zu einem beliebigen Zeitpunkt einen Presszyklus zu beginnen, Dies führt zu Beschleunigungen beim Anfahren eines Verpressens gegen- über dem Stand der Technik.The position of the insertion shaft (s) with the gear wheels located thereon, over which the aforementioned chains run, is controlled. In this way it is possible to start a pressing cycle at any time. This leads to accelerations when starting a pressing operation relative to the State of the art.
Gedehnte Kettenglieder können mittelbar oder unmittelbar ermittelt werden.Extended chain links can be determined directly or indirectly.
Mittelbar können sie zum Beispiel ermittelt werden, indem empirisch fest- gestellt wird, wie das Pressband verläuft. Über den Bandverlauf kann dann eine Aussage über gedehnte Kettenglieder getroffen werden bzw. es kann direkt empirisch ermittelt werden, wie die Eingangswelle auszu- richten ist, um Störungen aufgrund von unterschiedlich langen Ketten- gliedern,-zu vermeiden.They can be determined indirectly, for example, by empirically determining how the press belt runs. A statement about stretched chain links can then be made about the course of the belt or it can be determined empirically directly how the input shaft is to be extended. is to be avoided in order to avoid malfunctions due to chain links of different lengths.
Die Länge von Kettengliedern kann natürlich auch unmittelbar gemessen werden. Dies ist jedoch sehr aufwändig, da die Messung im Ruhezustand durchgeführt werden muss. Es kommt auf Unterschiede im Zehntelmillimeterbereich an. Hundertseimillimeterbereiche spielen ebenfalls eine Rolle. Eine Kette kann ohne Weiteres 1 00 m lang sein. Der messtechnische Aufwand ist also sehr groß, um die Länge eines jeden Gliedes der Kette durch Nachmessen zu bestimmen, Diese Vorgehensweise wird daher in der Regel nicht durchgeführt, Grundsätzlich kann jedoch auch direkt gemessen werden,The length of chain links can of course also be measured directly. However, this is very complex since the measurement must be carried out in the idle state. It depends on differences in the tenths of a millimeter. Hundreds of millimeter areas also play a role. A chain can easily be 1 00 m long. The metrological effort is very large to determine the length of each link in the chain by remeasuring. This procedure is therefore usually not carried out, but in principle it can also be measured directly,
Eine weitere Messmethode besteht darin, bei den Eingangswellen bzw. bei den Zahnrädern eine optische Markierung oder einen Impulsgeber vorzusehen, der beispielsweise elektrisch Impulse abgibt. Weisen beide Ketten gleich lange Kettenglieder auf, so gibt es kein Auseinanderlaufen der Impulsgeber oder Markierungen relativ zueinander. Diese übermitteln an je einen Sensor stets zum gleichen Zeitpunkt einen Impuls bzw, zwei Sensoren messen die Markierungen zum gleichen Zeitpunkt. Gibt es Unterschiede bei den Ketten aufgrund von unterschiedlichen Kettenlängen, so registrieren die Sensoren die Impulse bzw. Markierungen zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten. Hieraus können Unterscheide der Glieder einer Kette ermittelt, so zum Beispiel berechnet werden. Dies kann als Ein- gangsgröße verwendet werden, um die erfindungsgemäße Steuerung vorzunehmen. Durch die Steuerung werden Kettenfehler, also unterschiedliche Längen bei den Kettengliedern, ausgeglichen. Die Produktion kann so gegenüber dem Stand der Technik beschleunigt und/ oder die Produktqualität verbessert werden.Another measurement method consists in providing an optical marking or a pulse generator on the input shafts or on the gearwheels, for example, which emits electrical pulses. If both chains have chain links of equal length, there is no divergence of the pulse generators or markings relative to one another. These always transmit a pulse to one sensor at the same time or two sensors measure the markings at the same time. If there are differences in the chains due to different chain lengths, the sensors register the pulses or markings at different times. From this, differences in the links of a chain can be determined, for example calculated. This can be used as an input variable in order to carry out the control according to the invention. The control system compensates for chain errors, i.e. different lengths for the chain links. The production can be accelerated compared to the state of the art and / or the product quality can be improved.
in einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung werden vorteilhaft Zahnräder eingesetzt, die ausschließlich der Messung bzw. der Vermessung der Kette dienen. Diese zusätzlichen Zahnräder weisen Impulsgeber oder optische Markierungen auf. Die Zahnräder werden insbesondere paarweise hintereinander eingesetzt. Diese weisen einen sehr geringen Abstand zueinander auf von z. B. 1000 mm. Die Zeiten der Impulsgeber werden miteinander verglichen. Resultierende Abweichungen geben Informationen über resultierende Abweichungen der vorgesehenen Kettenlänge bzw. Kettengliederlänge. Ferner wird hierdurch unmittelbar die Schrägstellung der Roilstäbe im Pressbereich ermittelt. Es werden also insgesamt vier Zahnräder eingesetzt. Bevorzugt befinden sich diese im Rücklaufbereich, um den eigentlichen Produktionsprozess keinesfalls zu beeinflussen. Im Press- bzw. Produktionsbereich können nämlich ermittelte Informationen fehlerhaft sein, da die Druckeinflüsse das Ergebnis verfälschen können.In a further embodiment of the invention, gears are advantageously used which are used exclusively for measuring or measuring the chain. These additional gears have pulse generators or optical markings. The gears are especially paired used in a row. These are very close to each other from e.g. B. 1000 mm. The times of the pulse generators are compared. Resulting deviations provide information about resulting deviations in the intended chain length or chain link length. This also directly determines the inclination of the roil bars in the pressing area. So a total of four gears are used. These are preferably in the return area so as not to influence the actual production process in any way. In the press or production area, information that is determined can be incorrect, since the pressure influences can falsify the result.
Ein gegenüber liegendes Paar an Zahnrädern mit Impulsgebern bzw. optischen Markierungen, dient insbesondere zur präzisen Ermittlung der Lage eines Rollstabes. Hintereinander in Laufrichtung angeordnete Zahnrä- der dienen bevorzugt der genauen Ermittlung von Längen der Kettenglieder.An opposite pair of gearwheels with pulse generators or optical markings is used in particular to precisely determine the position of a roller bar. Gear wheels arranged one behind the other in the running direction are preferably used for the exact determination of lengths of the chain links.
Die Erfindung vermag also zwei Probleme zu lösen:The invention is therefore able to solve two problems:
1 . Es kann ein Problem während des Produktionsprozesses, also während des Verpressens gelöst werden, weiche eingangs im Stand der Technik bereits genannt worden ist, 2 , Ein zweites Problem, welches beim Anfahren einer Pressvorrichtung auftritt, wird in einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung gelöst.1 . A problem can be solved during the production process, that is to say during pressing, which was already mentioned at the beginning in the prior art, 2. A second problem which occurs when starting a pressing device is solved in one embodiment of the invention.
insbesondere wird die Erfindung bei der Produktion von Laminatfußböden eingesetzt. Ein Laminatfußboden umfasst eine Platte vorzugsweise aus einem H lzwerkstoff wie z. B. HDF, MDF oder eine Spanplatte. Oberhalb und unterhalb eines solchen Trägermaterials werden Papiere angebracht. Auf der einen Seite ist ein Dekorpapier vorgesehen, welches die Optik des Fußbodens bestimmt. Auf der anderen Seite ist ein Gegenzugpapier vorgesehen, welches verhindert, dass sich die Platte im Anschluss an das Pressen verzieht. Oberhalb des Dekorpapiers befindet sich eine abriebfeste Schicht, um den Fußboden gegen Abrieb zu schützen. Unterhalb kann noch eine Schicht aus Schall dämmendem Material vorgesehen werden.the invention is used in particular in the production of laminate floors. A laminate floor preferably comprises a board made of a wooden material such as. B. HDF, MDF or a chipboard. Papers are attached above and below such a carrier material. A decorative paper is provided on one side, which determines the look of the floor. On the other side, a counter-pulling paper is provided, which prevents the plate from warping after the pressing. There is an abrasion-resistant layer above the decorative paper to protect the floor against abrasion. Below a layer of soundproofing material can be provided.
Erfindungsgemäß werden seitliche Bereiche des Pressbandes im Pressbe- 5 reich geeignet abgebremst oder beschleunigt, um so den Verlauf des Pressbandes zu steuern.According to the invention, lateral areas of the press belt in the press area are suitably braked or accelerated in order to control the course of the press belt.
0 Ausführungsbeispiel0 embodiment
Die Figur 1 skizziert eine kontinuierliche Presse für die Herstellung von MDF-, HDF- oder Spanplatten und dergleichen. Zwei aus Stahl bestehende Pressbänder 1 werden um Walzen 2 herum geführt. Drehbar gelagerte Stäbe 3, die Rollstäbe genannt werden, sind bandartig miteinander über 5 ketten 4 verbunden. Die Ketten 4 werden durch nicht dargestellte Zahnräder angetrieben. Die Zahnrädern befinden sich an den Enden von Eingangswellen 5 und Ausgangswellen 6, Das aus den Rollstäben 3 gebildete Band wird um die vorgenannten Wellen 5 und 6 herum geführt und zwar in der Regel mit einer deutlich geringeren Geschwindigkeit als die 0 Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Pressbänder 1 um die Walzen 2 herum geführt werden. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die drehbar gelagerten Rollstäbe sich drehen.Figure 1 outlines a continuous press for the production of MDF, HDF or chipboard and the like. Two steel press belts 1 are guided around rollers 2. Rotatably mounted rods 3, which are called roller rods, are connected to one another in a band-like manner via 5 chains 4. The chains 4 are driven by gears, not shown. The gearwheels are located at the ends of input shafts 5 and output shafts 6. The belt formed from the roller bars 3 is guided around the aforementioned shafts 5 and 6, generally at a significantly lower speed than the 0 speed at which the press belts 1 are guided around the rollers 2. This has the consequence that the rotatably mounted roller bars rotate.
Das zu verpressende Gut wird entlang des Pfeils 7 in die Presse transpor- 5 tiert, Das Verpressen erfolgt dann in dem Bereich, an den die Rollstäbe grenzen,The material to be pressed is transported into the press along arrow 7. The pressing is then carried out in the area to which the roller bars adjoin.
Figur 2 zeigt eine Aufsicht auf die Rollstäbe 3, Diese sind senkrecht zurFigure 2 shows a plan view of the roller bars 3, these are perpendicular to
| ' , I . | | f h I . , i l : ι , I , | . . • ι ■ ; , , t , . I , , . ' . .| ', I. | | fh I. , il: ι, I, | , , • ι ■ ; ,, t,. I,. '. ,
Transportrichtuhg 7 angeordnet. 0Transport 7 arranged. 0
In der Figur 3 wird in Aufsicht der Fall gezeigt, dass eine Gruppe von Rollstäben 3;a aufgrund unterschiedlich langer Kettenglieder der Ketten 4 nicht exakt senkrecht zur Transportrichtung ausgerichtet ist. Diese schräge Lage bewirkt eine unerwünschte Abweichung des Pressbandes vom Soll- verlauf, wenn dieser schräg ausgerichtete Rollstab auf das Pressband drückt, um Druck auf das Pressgut zu übertragen.FIG. 3 shows in supervision the case in which a group of roller bars 3 ; a is not aligned exactly perpendicular to the direction of transport due to chain links of chain 4 of different lengths. This inclined position causes an undesired deviation of the press belt from the target runs when this obliquely aligned roller bar presses on the press belt to transfer pressure to the material to be pressed.
Dieser Abweichung wird erfindungsgemäß entgegengewirkt, indem bei- spielsweise die in Figur 3 nicht dargestellte Ausgangswelle vorübergehend entgegengesetzt schräg ausgerichtet wird, also gemäß Figur 3 an der rechten Seite in Richtung des Pfeils 8 verschoben wird, um so die Schräglage des Rollstabes 3a zu kompensieren.This deviation is counteracted according to the invention by, for example, temporarily aligning the output shaft (not shown in FIG. 3) in the opposite direction, that is to say shifting it on the right side in the direction of arrow 8 in accordance with FIG.
Diese Kompensation dient dazu, einen Presszyklus anfahren zu können, ohne auf Einflüsse von unterschiedlich langen Kettengliedern achten zu müssen. Unabhängig hiervon werden Eingangs- und Ausgangswellen oder andere geeignete Wellen und dergleichen kontinuierlich in Abhängigkeit vom Verlauf des Pressbandes derart ausgerichtet, dass der Sollverlauf des Pressbandes verbessert eingehalten wird.This compensation is used to be able to start a press cycle without having to pay attention to the influence of chain links of different lengths. Irrespective of this, input and output shafts or other suitable shafts and the like are continuously aligned depending on the course of the press belt in such a way that the desired course of the press belt is better maintained.
Um Unterschiede bei den Kettengliedern einer Kette 4 ermitteln zu können, sind in einer Ausführungsform beispielsweise zwei Zahnräder 9 hintereinander angeordnet und mit Markierungen oder Impulsgebern 1 0 ver- sehen. Nicht dargestellte Sensoren registrieren die Markierungen beispielsweise in der gezeigten „Drei-Uhr"-Position. Solange die beiden Markierungen 1 0 zeitgleich von den Sensoren registriert werden, gibt es keine unterschiedlich lange Kettenglieder. Erst wenn zwischen die beiden Zahnräder eine Kettenglied gelangt, welches gegenüber den anderen bei- spielsweise gedehnt ist, werden die Markierungen zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten registriert. Anhand der Drehgeschwindigkeit der Zahnräder und der zeitlichen Differenz kann dann die Abweichung hinsichtlich der Länge des Kettenglieds ermittelt werden. Dies Information wird zur Steuerung der Ausrichtung der Rollstäbe genutzt,In order to be able to determine differences in the chain links of a chain 4, in one embodiment, for example, two toothed wheels 9 are arranged one behind the other and provided with markings or pulse generators 10. Sensors (not shown) register the markings, for example, in the “three o'clock” position shown. As long as the two markings 1 0 are registered by the sensors at the same time, there are no chain links of different lengths the other, for example, is stretched, the markings are registered at different points in time. The deviation in the length of the chain link can then be determined on the basis of the speed of rotation of the gear wheels and the time difference. This information is used to control the alignment of the roller bars,
Anhand der Figur 5 wird in einer Aufsicht verdeutlicht, wie der Verlauf des Pressbandes bzw. Abweichungen vom Sollverlauf ermittelt werden kann. Drehbar gelagerte Rädchen 1 1 werden mittels Federkraft in Richtung an den jeweiligen Rand des Pressbandes gedrückt, Sie können ferner ent- lang des Doppelpfeils 1 2 verschoben werden. Ein Wegaufnehmer 1 3 vermag diese Bewegung entlang des Doppelpfeils 1 2 zu erfassen.5 shows in a top view how the course of the press belt or deviations from the target course can be determined. Rotatable wheels 1 1 are pressed by spring force in the direction of the respective edge of the press belt. be moved along the double arrow 1 2. A displacement sensor 1 3 can detect this movement along the double arrow 1 2.
Weicht das Pressband 1 vom Sollverlauf ab, so bewegen sich die Räd- chen 1 1 entsprechend entlang des Doppelpfeils 12. Der jeweilige Wegaufnehmer 13 erfasst die Veränderung, Die Veränderung gibt unmittelbar die Abweichung vom Sollverlauf wieder,If the press belt 1 deviates from the target course, the wheels 11 move accordingly along the double arrow 12. The respective displacement sensor 13 detects the change. The change immediately reflects the deviation from the target course.
Der erfasste Veränderung wird an eine Elektronik übermittelt, Diese steu- ert nun in Reaktion hierauf die Schrägstellung entsprechender Rollstäbe, bis der Sollverlauf wieder hergestellt ist, The detected change is transmitted to electronics, which in response controls the inclination of the corresponding roller bars until the desired course is restored.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1 . Presse für das Verpressen eines Pressgutes zu einem Bauteil mit wenigstens einem umlaufenden Pressband sowie mit Steuerungsmitteln, mit den der Verlauf des Pressbandes gesteuert wird.1 . Press for pressing a material to be pressed into a component with at least one rotating press belt and with control means with which the course of the press belt is controlled.
2. Presse nach Anspruch 1 , bei der die Steuerungsmittel so angeordnet sind, dass der Verlauf des Pressbandes in dem Bereich gesteuert wird, der dem Verpressen des Pressgutes dient.2. Press according to claim 1, wherein the control means are arranged so that the course of the press belt is controlled in the area which serves to press the material to be pressed.
3. Presse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Steuerungsmittel Rollstäbe (3) umfassen, sowie Stellmittel, mit denen die Rollstäbe schräg zur Transportrichtung (7) des Pressbandes gestellt werden können.3. Press according to one of the preceding claims, in which the control means comprise roller bars (3), and adjusting means with which the roller bars can be placed obliquely to the transport direction (7) of the press belt.
4. Presse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Rollstäbe (3) ein umlaufendes Band bilden, welches um Wellen (5, 6) herum geführt wird, und bei der Stellmittel vorgesehen sind, mit denen Wellen (5, 6) schräg zur Transportrichtung (7) des Pressbandes gestellt werden können,4. Press according to one of the preceding claims, in which the roller bars (3) form a circumferential band which is guided around shafts (5, 6), and in which adjusting means are provided with which shafts (5, 6) are inclined Transport direction (7) of the press belt can be set,
■ ü' ι .ι■ ü 'ι .ι
5. Presse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der zwei umlaufende Bänder (1 ) um Walzen (2) herum geführt sind, und die in einem Bereich zwischen den Walzen (2)5. Press according to one of the preceding claims, in which two circulating belts (1) are guided around rollers (2), and in an area between the rollers (2)
' aufeinander zu gedrückt werden und zwar insbesondere durch drehbar gelagerte Rollstäbe (3). 'are pressed towards each other, in particular by rotatably mounted roller bars (3).
6. Presse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der ' Mittel (1 1 , 13) vorgesehen sind, mit denen eine Abweichung des Pressbandes (1 ) von einem vorgegebenen Sollverlauf erfasst werden können, und einer hiermit verbundenen Elektronik, die bei erfassten Abweichungen Stellmittel derart zu betätigen vermag, dass Rollstäbe (3) aus ihrer senkrechten Lage relativ zur Laufrichtung 7 des angrenzenden Bereiches des Pressbandes so ausgelenkt werden, dass die Abweichungen verkleinert werden.6. Press according to one of the preceding claims, in which 'means (1 1, 13) are provided, with which a deviation of the press belt (1) can be detected from a predetermined target course, and an associated electronics, the actuating means when detected deviations is able to be actuated in such a way that roller bars (3) are deflected from their vertical position relative to the running direction 7 of the adjacent region of the press belt in such a way that the deviations are reduced.
7. Presse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der Rollstäbe (3) seitlich an umlaufenden Ketten (4) befestigt sind.7. Press according to one of the preceding claims, in which the roller bars (3) are laterally attached to rotating chains (4).
8. Presse nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, bei der8. Press according to the preceding claim, in which
Zahnräder (9) mit Markierungen oder Impulsgebern (10) versehen sind, und Sensoren nebst einer Auswerteeinrichtung ,, derart angeordnet sind, dass gedehnte Kettenglieder einer Kette (4) ermittelt werden können,Gearwheels (9) are provided with markings or pulse generators (10), and sensors and an evaluation device are arranged in such a way that stretched chain links of a chain (4) can be determined,
9. Presse nach eitlem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Rollstäbe in Abhängigkeit von der Länge einzelner Kettenglieder gesteuert werden.9. Press according to the previous claims, in which the roller bars are controlled as a function of the length of individual chain links.
i θ. Verfahren für die Steuerung eines Pressbandes bei eineri θ. Process for controlling a press belt at a
Presse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der im Pressbereich der Verlauf des Pressbandes durch seitliches Abbremsen oder Beschleunigen des Pressbandes gesteuert * wird. Press according to one of the preceding claims, in which the course of the press belt in the press area is controlled * by lateral braking or acceleration of the press belt.
EP03732392A 2003-05-02 2003-05-16 Press comprising a correction of a press band course and method of controlling a press band Expired - Lifetime EP1620251B1 (en)

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DE20306758U DE20306758U1 (en) 2003-05-02 2003-05-02 Press with correction of a press belt course
PCT/EP2003/005140 WO2004096531A1 (en) 2003-05-02 2003-05-16 Press comprising a correction of a press band course

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RU2319613C2 (en) 2008-03-20
PL206191B1 (en) 2010-07-30

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