EP1613453A1

EP1613453A1 - Method for producing a shaft bottom

Info

Publication number: EP1613453A1
Application number: EP04723451A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Johann SCHLÜSSELBAUER
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-04-15
Filing date: 2004-03-26
Publication date: 2006-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2024-03-26
Also published as: SI1613453T1; ATE485929T1; WO2004091877A1; US20130059026A1; US8262977B2; US20060087056A1; CA2522196A1; DE502004011821D1; EP1613453B1; PL1613453T3; CA2522196C; DK1613453T3

Abstract

A method for producing a concrete shaft bottom which comprises a drain having a defined shape. Concrete is introduced into a bottom mold that comprises a mold jacket and a mold bottom. On the mold bottom, a molded body forming the negative shape of the drain is disposed to configure the drain. The invention allows for the inexpensive and mechanized production of a shaft bottom having an individual drain. For this purpose, the molded body is configured from at least one molded piece that is fixed on the bottom mold, especially on the mold bottom. The molded piece is adapted to the dimensions of the defined shape of the drain and is removed from the shaft bottom once or while the formwork is dismantled from the shaft bottom.

Description

Method for producing a shaft bottom

The invention relates to a method for producing a manhole having a predetermined shape concrete shaft floor, in which in a bottom mold with a mold shell and a mold bottom, at which mold bottom to form the channel a negative shape of the channel forming molding body is placed, concrete is introduced , And a device for producing such a shaft bottom, a shaped body for this purpose and a shaped piece for the production of the shaped body.

Manhole bottoms provide the bottom seal of generally vertical manholes that provide access to sewer systems, such as sewers, and underground pipe systems. Such wells are often located in interfaces of conduits, i. at channel branches or outlets and junctions of secondary channels, etc. The bottom of such shafts forming shaft bottoms are cup-shaped structures with a relatively thick-walled dense bottom and a mostly cylindrical side wall in which connection openings for the tubes and / or channels are formed. In the shaft bottom run open at the top, referred to as channels channels of mostly semi-circular or approximately U-shaped cross section between the respective provided in the side wall of a shaft bottom connection openings. In order to ensure a jam-free flow of the frequently contaminated with significant amounts of large-scale solids liquids, the channels have a certain slope and the bottom of the shaft called a berm appearance of low slope.

Although the shafts are constructed of standardized individual rings, the shaft bottoms are individually designed components which differ from one another with regard to the positioning of the connection openings acting as inlets and outlets, the cross-sectional shape of the channels and the pipes to be connected. In addition, only high-quality, liquid-tight concrete may be used for the production of manhole bases and in particular their channels.

From DE 36 11 394 AI it is known for producing a shaft bottom in a bottom mold, which has a set up on a base plate mold jacket to arrange a mold bottom, whose top is shaped according to the negative shape of the channel. Such a mold bottom is reusable - it is removed after sufficient hardening of the concrete from the mold shell, cleaned and can then be available for reuse. The disadvantage here is the very expensive Production of such a mold floor; For producing individually shaped shaft bottoms, it would also be necessary to have as many elaborate mold bottoms available, ie it would be necessary to have an individual mold bottom available almost for each shaft bottom. Since this is far too expensive, the device known from this document is used only for a few shaft bottoms, for example, when a channel passes straight through the shaft bottom or, for example, angled at 90 °.

For cost reasons, one has for shaft bottoms, the channels to two channels that run in different directions, connect or have other special features, shaft bottoms made with a flat bottom and on the flat bottom of the channel by manual introduction of concrete and molding of the channel by hand produced. Such manual work is cumbersome because it is necessary to think about the side wall of the shaft bottom in these. Furthermore, the shaping of the channel must be carried out with great care, so that both the gradient and the position of the branch channels coincide with the local conditions of the channel system or line system. This manual production of a channel requires qualified personnel and is therefore expensive. Furthermore, it also requires a considerable amount of time, in addition, the quality of the manually shaped concrete is not comparable to the quality of a machined production of a shaft bottom.

From DE 43 42 518 AI it is known to form the channel by inserting a clay shell element, which remains after completion of the shaft bottom in this and forms the bottom of the channel. Again, it is difficult to create individually designed channels, especially for each channel own Tonschalenelement would have to be prefabricated, which also requires a lot of effort.

According to a further method for producing a shaft bottom prefabricated plastic molded parts are used with a negative mold corresponding to the channel, wherein for each individual channel a separate molded part is to be made, which is to be fixed on the mold bottom. These moldings are made as plastic shells relatively expensive for each individual channel according to the respective course of the channel and remain as so-called. Lost form in the finished channel. A disadvantage of this method, in addition to the high price of designed as a high-quality plastic shells moldings and the necessary production of external suppliers, which significantly complicates the entire logistics of mechanical production of manhole bases. The invention aims to avoid these disadvantages and difficulties and has as its object to provide a method of the type described above and an apparatus for performing the method, which the formation of well bottoms with individually shaped channels in a simple manner and without much time and cost enable. The channel should also be made of high-quality concrete, namely a concrete that is equivalent to the shell or bottom of the shaft floor, be produced.

This object is achieved in a method of the type described above in that the molding is formed from at least one of the bottom mold, in particular on the mold bottom, attachable fitting, which mold is adapted to the dimensions of the predetermined shape of the channel and after or with the Stripping the shaft bottom is removed from the shaft bottom.

A particular advantage of the invention is the fact that the manufacturer of the shaft bottom can produce the shaped body itself according to the requirement of the produced channel, u.zw. by simply forming the shaped body from him ready prefabricated fittings, whose cross section corresponds to the cross section of Gerimies to be produced.

Preferably, the molding is formed of a lost core forming material so that it is not necessary to exercise particular care in removing the molding. In addition, the entire fitting will not be suitable for other shaft bottoms due to the individual shape, but possibly a part of the fitting.

Preferably, the shaped body is formed from two or more shaped pieces, wherein advantageously shaped pieces are kept in stock, namely shaped pieces of different shape, such as. Fittings with straight or curved longitudinal extension.

In order to produce a negative mold in the form of a shaped body corresponding to the desired channel, one or more fittings are cut to suitable lengths and assembled into a shaped body, whereby any shapes of shaped bodies can be produced by a combination of straight and curved shaped segments. The molded body is attached to the bottom mold, for example, clamped between opposite sides of the mold shell or attached directly to the mold bottom (glued and / or screwed), where it is possible to To connect individual fittings together, for example by gluing, or to attach individually to the mold bottom.

The invention makes use of the fact that the sewage pipes to be connected to a shaft bottom have standardized diameters on which the cross-section of the flumes depends, so that even with complicated shapes of the flute with a small number of fittings of different cross-section, the Auslangen is found to These fittings can produce a negative shape of the channel. For this purpose, it is only necessary to prefabricate fittings with a corresponding cross-section with straight and / or shaped according to a circular arc longitudinal axis, because with a corresponding choice of the radius of curvature, the form approaches of individual, cut-to-length fittings of the straight and / or circular arc shaped fittings always so can be joined together that the channel or sewage pipes predetermined in their position are fluidly brought together via the channels produced with the aid of such a shaped body.

According to a preferred embodiment, the shaped piece or the shaped pieces is made from a material which withstands the pressure during the filling of the concrete and is easy to process, such as foam, rigid foam plastic, in particular thermoplastic foam, such as EPS, where appropriate the foam formed moldings by cutting and subsequent assembly and optionally joining, for example by gluing, the shaped body is formed with the predetermined negative shape of the channel, wherein the cutting is preferably carried out by means of a heating wire.

A simple adaptation of the molded body to the mold bottom, in particular in the case of more complicated channels, is characterized in that the molded article formed from one or more moldings initially has a dimension exceeding the bottom surface of the mold bottom and is adapted to the circumference of the mold bottom after being mounted on the mold bottom , wherein the mold bottom is preferably separated during this process from the mold shell.

Since the channel slope also depends on the local conditions on a construction site, not only the channel course, but also the channel slope must be specified by the fittings. To cover the slope of the channel, it is advantageous that, in addition to a longitudinal adaptation, height adjustments are also carried out on the fittings in accordance with the depth and / or slope of the predetermined shape of the channel. This can be achieved in a simple manner in that the fittings are prefabricated with a correspondingly greater height than the required Gerinnetiefe, so that the cut pieces can be removed in the area of the support surface of the mold surface facing top surface according to the channel slope, for example, cut off. The predetermined by the mold bottom inclination of the tread surface (Berme) of the shaft bottom is taken into account by an additional processing of the attachment surface of the fittings.

To account for channel connections or pipe connections to the shaft bottom is expediently attached to the ends of the mandrel a radial distance between the mold shell and mold bottom bridging recess body, wherein advantageously the recess body also made of an easily workable material, such as foam, and further expedient the Aussparungskörper be adapted end to the slope of the channel.

In order to simplify the provision of a seal on the shaft bottom for the purpose of pipe connections to the flumes and to establish an always correct installation position of such a seal, the recess body are provided on the outside before the introduction of concrete with a circumferentially extending seal according to a preferred variant. When introducing the concrete, the part of the seal that protrudes beyond the circumference of the recess body is then anchored in the concrete, whereas the actual sealing lip, which was initially surrounded by the recess body, is exposed after removal of the recess body.

In order to enable a simple separation of a shaped body from the shaft bottom, this is provided before inserting the concrete with a release agent, this being suitably formed by at least one foil placed around the shaped body and / or at least one band placed around the shaped body, which band is preferably provided in a corresponding to the cross section of the band recess of the molding forming the form piece.

A variant is characterized in that the separation aid is formed by at least one heating element provided in the shaped body. This allows at least a simple division of the molding. Preferably, the removal of the shaped body takes place after stripping the shaft bottom in that a wedge-shaped piece is cut out of the molded body, whereupon the remaining molded body parts are folded under release of the contact with the concrete and easily lifted out of the channel.

A device for producing a manhole having a predetermined shape concrete shaft bottom by means of a bottom mold with a mold shell and a mold bottom, on which a negative mold of this coagulant forming molding body is arranged to form the channel, is characterized to solve the problem underlying the invention characterized in that the shaped body is formed from at least one shaped piece attached to the bottom mold, preferably to the mold bottom, and a core to be removed, preferably a lost core, which mold piece is adapted to the dimensions of the predetermined shape of the channel.

It should be mentioned for the sake of completeness that the device can be used both for shaking and for pouring the concrete.

The molded body is expediently composed of two or more prefabricated shaped pieces, wherein the prefabricated shaped pieces have a straight and / or arcuate longitudinal extent and a cross section corresponding to the shape of the cross section of the channel.

Furthermore, the fittings are advantageously formed from a pressure-resistant during filling of the concrete, easily workable material, preferably from a foam, such as a lightweight rigid foam plastic or thermoplastic foam, such as EPS.

A particularly simple consideration of the required slope of the channel can be accomplished that the mold bottom has a planar, but inclined to form a berm bottom and that the molded body has a planar with the mold bottom directly into contact base surface.

This particularly simple solution can also be obtained by virtue of the fact that the mold bottom has a slope which corresponds precisely to the slope of the channel. The measure to take into account the slump slope by the inclination of the berm allows a uniform over the clot length Gerinnetiefe what in terms of the production of such Shaft bottoms brings with it the advantage that the fittings do not have to be processed with respect to their height when they are cut from prefabricated fittings with a profile corresponding to the cross section of the channel profile. The work required for the preparation of the mold floor for juxtaposing the fittings are therefore less expensive.

If a mold bottom is used with an inclined to form the Gerinnegefälles landing surface, it is recommended that the mold bottom, in particular the inclined part of the same, to make interchangeable in order to consider by changing the mold bottom different inclinations of the channel slope.

To form the pipe connection openings to the flume, the radial distance from the mold bottom to the mold shell bridging recess body are preferably provided at the ends of the molded body, which are expediently also formed from a lost core-forming bodies, preferably on the outside with a circumferentially extending seal are provided, which seal projects with a foot radially beyond the recess body, the sealing part (sealing lip), however, is inserted into the recess body.

To ensure a gradient of the pipe connection openings, the recess bodies are adapted at their ends adjoining the molded body as well as at the ends reaching the mold jacket in accordance with the gradient of the channel.

A shaped body forming a negative mold of a channel bottom of a shaft bottom is characterized in that the shaped body is formed from at least one shaped part to be removed from the shaft bottom after production, preferably from a shaped core forming a shaped core adapted to the dimensions of the predetermined shape of the channel is, wherein the shaped body for the consideration of different channels is preferably composed of two or more moldings having a rectilinear and / or arcuate longitudinal extent.

The shaped body is preferably composed of molded pieces of a lightweight foam, such as a rigid foam plastic, or a thermoplastic material, such as EPS.

Preferably, the shaped body is supplemented at its ends with a respective negative mold of a pipe connection forming recess body, wherein the recess body Advantageously also from a lost core forming body, preferably also from a lightweight foam, such as rigid foam plastic, such as EPS, or a thermoplastic material, is formed.

A particularly simple way of attaching a seal on the shaft bottom for the connection of pipes on the flume can be accomplished, that the recess body is provided on the outside with a same over the circumference extending seal which protrudes radially with a foot part over the recess body whose seal However, sealing part is inserted in the recess body.

In order to adapt the openings of the shaft bottom for connecting pipes to the slope of the channels, the recess body are advantageously adapted at their ends in accordance with the predetermined gradient of the channel.

Fittings for forming the molded article are characterized by a pressure-resistant concrete, such as foam, in particular rigid foam plastic or thermoplastic foam, such as EPS and expediently have a straight or arcuate longitudinal extent, wherein the cross section corresponds to the cross section of the channel, and where appropriate, the height of the cross section of the fitting is sized larger than the height of the cross section of the channel.

The prefabricated fittings ensure the mechanical production of shaft bottoms with channels of predetermined cross-section without elaborate molding work. It must be ensured only for a seamless transition between individual fittings. For this purpose, any joints between the fittings or between the fittings and the mold bottom or to the Aussparungsstücke be covered and / or filled with a joint filler.

Due to the thermoplastic properties of the foams used, the profile pieces can not only frontally, but also in the area of the tread of the mold bottom facing attachment surface in any way with the help of a heating wire in a relatively simple way cropped. The feed of the heating wire can be controlled mechanically depending on the respective required shape.

A preferred embodiment of a shaped piece is characterized in that the shaped piece on its surface forming the channel has a recess for inserting a strip provided as a separating aid. A suitable variant is characterized in that in the fitting at least one heating wire for the purpose of dividing and / or separating out a part thereof, preferably a wedge-shaped part, is provided.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which a plurality of embodiments are illustrated.

Show it:

1 shows a device according to the invention for producing a shaft floor made of concrete in a schematic axial section, Fig. 2 shows this device in a plan view, Fig. 3 is a plan view of a molded body with respect to FIGS. 1 and Fig. 2 modified molding, Fig. 4th an illustration corresponding to FIG. 3 of a further embodiment of a

Shaped body, Fig. 5 a prefabricated for the production of the molded body straight fitting in

6 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting according to the line VI - VI of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a circular arc-shaped molding having a cross section corresponding to FIG. 6 in a plan view, FIG. 8 is a molding according to FIG. 5 machined fitting in one

8 shows a cross-section of the shaped piece according to FIG. 8 according to the line IX-IX, FIG. 10 shows a representation of a further shaped piece corresponding to FIG. 8, FIG. 11 shows the shaped pieces according to FIGS 10 in oblique view, Fig. 12 shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention for

13 shows a design variant of a device according to the invention for producing a shaft bottom in a schematic axial section, FIG. 14 shows a cut-out body in section, FIG. 15 shows a detail A of FIGS. 14, 16 and 17 Method for easily removing a shaped piece from the channel and FIGS. 18 to 20 for separating pieces arranged on a shaped piece. According to Fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus for producing a shaft floor made of concrete on a bottom mold 1, which is composed of a mold shell 2 and a coaxial thereto mold bottom 3, which is pot-shaped and forms a bottom 4. This mold bottom 3 is arranged on a frame-like support frame 5, the coupling lugs 6 has. The mold shell 2 is provided with similar coupling tabs 7, so that the mold shell 2 with the mold bottom 3 via the coupling lugs 6 and the coupling tabs 7 not only coupled together, but also can be connected to a turning device to the shaft bottom after manufacture before curing to be able to demould. However, it is of course also possible to pour the shaft bottom and allow to harden before demoulding accordingly.

On the outer side of the bottom mold 4 of the mold bottom 3, a shaped body 8 is arranged to form a channel, which is composed of straight shaped pieces 9 and arcuate shaped pieces 10 (cf., Fig. 4) and detachably connected to the bottom 4. At the free end faces of these fittings 9 and 10 recess body 1 are connected to the inlets and outlets, which rest after assembly of the mold base 3 with the mold shell 2 on the mold shell 2. The bottom mold 1 can then be placed with upwardly facing bottom 4 on a vibrating table to shake the concrete 12 in the upwardly open bottom mold 1. When covering the bottom 4 and the molded body 8 constructed thereon with concrete, the channel of the shaft bottom is formed, in a uniform over the entire shaft bottom concrete quality.

After smoothing of the concrete, a bottom pallet 14 is placed on the bottom mold 1 and connected to the mold shell 2, so that the bottom mold 1 turned and the shaped manhole bottom can be deposited with down-facing shaft bottom on the bottom pallet before the chess bottom is removed from the mold. For demolding of the shaft bottom of the mold shell 2 and the mold bottom 3 are detached from each other, so that the mold bottom 3 can be deducted from the shaft bottom 2 in front of the mold jacket. The inserted between the mold shell 2 and the mold bottom 3 mold ring 13, by means of which a Randfalz is formed for placing manhole rings on the manhole base, however, remains on the front side of the peripheral wall of the shaft bottom to the Falzausbildung during the curing of the concrete 12 in this area to protect.

Irrespective of whether the concrete 12 is shaken into a bottom mold 1 that can be turned for demoulding or poured into a non-reversible bottom mold and partially cured in this, the moldings 8 must be adapted to the respective requirements of the channel guide in the bottom of the manhole for a mechanical production of manhole bottoms can. This is achieved by prefabricated moldings 14, 15, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7. These prefabricated shaped pieces 14, 15 correspond in their profile cross section the required cross section of the channel, which in turn must be adapted to the nominal diameter of the subsequent sewer pipes, so that with comparatively few cross-sectional shapes for the prefabricated fittings 14 and 15 Auslangen can be found.

Since the merging of provided in their location sewers in the shaft bottom can always be ensured via the channels with straight and circular channel sections, it is sufficient to provide for the formation of these channels straight fittings 14 and fittings 15 with a circular arc-shaped axis corresponding to the respective requirements are cut to length. According to FIG. 2, only a straight shaped piece 14 is required for the production of a T-shaped channel, wherein the shaped piece 9b perpendicular to the base 4 has to be adjusted at the front side by cutting the end face in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the continuous shaped piece 9a What can be done with molded pieces 14 of thermoplastic foam simply by means of a heating wire.

In addition to the course of the channel, however, care must also be taken to adapt to a channel gradient adapted to the particular conditions of a construction site. For this purpose, the shaped pieces 14 and 15 can be prefabricated with a height h exceeding the Gerinnetiefe, so that the shaped pieces 14 and 15 can preferably be removed or cut in a wedge shape after being cut to length on the side facing the bottom 4, as shown in FIG 8 for the in Fig. 2 diametrically continuous molding 9a through the separation surface 16 can be seen. Since the berm of a shaft bottom has a slope sloping towards the channel, the bottom 4 is provided, for example, with roof surfaces 17 sloping from one diameter to both sides, wherein the section line 18 of the two roof surfaces 17 running along a diameter is aligned in the direction of the channel course. This means that the predetermined by the separation surface 16 in its course attachment surface 19 must be additionally trimmed according to the inclination of the roof surfaces 17, which, however, because of the flat roof surfaces 17 is not difficult. The processed with respect to its attachment surface 19 fitting 9a is shown in Fig. 9 in cross section.

The mold piece 9b which is perpendicular to the mold piece 9a is likewise to be machined with respect to the required slope for this chute portion. Because of its arrangement on only One of the two roof surfaces 17 can be taken into account via the inclination of the separating surface 16 at the same time the inclination of the berm, as can be seen in FIG. 10. In this case, the separating surface 16 already forms the attachment surface 19. As has already been stated, the end face of the molding 9b facing the molding 9a is to be trimmed in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the profile piece 9a. In Fig. 10, the relevant sectional area is denoted by 20.

The molded pieces 9a and 9b can now be assembled according to the diagram of FIG. 11 and cut at the free end faces corresponding to the cylinder jacket of the cup-shaped mold bottom 3, to be subsequently placed on this and connected to this. The attachment of the machined fittings 9 a and 9 b on the floor 4 can be done in different ways, because it is only about the fittings 9 and 10 to secure against displacement on the floor 4. For this purpose, the fittings 9a and 9b can be screwed through the bottom 4 therethrough.

According to FIG. 3, which shows the mold bottom 3 without mold jacket 2, it is intended to produce a channel with a radially continuous section and two sections which open at an acute angle. For this purpose, in turn, only straight fittings 14 are required, which must be cut to length and trimmed accordingly. As can be seen in FIG. 3, it is by no means necessary to specify uniform cross-sectional dimensions for the slug parts. In order to avoid joints between the individual fittings 9 and 9 allow rounding in the area of the intersections between the individual fittings, the joints or intersections can be filled with a joint filler and / or covered accordingly, as shown in Fig. 3 in the transition region between the fittings 9 is indicated by the reference numeral 21.

Fig. 4 shows a shaped body 8 for a channel course, which contains a bow. For this purpose, in addition to the straight fittings 14 a circular arc-shaped fitting 15 is required, which is cut to length according to the required length on the fitting 10 between the two straight fittings 9. Because of the frontal juxtaposition of these fittings 9 and 10, only an axis normal shock is provided, which creates simple manufacturing conditions.

In Fig. 12, a bottom mold 1 for casting a shaft bottom is shown schematically. This bottom mold 1 in turn has one of a mold shell 2 enclosed Mold bottom 3, which is pot-shaped and carries on its bottom 22 a replaceable bottom 4, which has a continuous, adapted to the inclination of the Gerinnegefälles inclination. Since thus the channel slope is already taken into account by the inclination of the bottom 4, the fittings 9 need not be circumcised to form the Gerineverile with respect to their height. Accordingly, shaped pieces can be prefabricated with a profile cross-section which corresponds exactly to the channel cross-section, the shaped pieces 9 only having to be cut to length accordingly. After attaching the Aussparungsköφer 11 for the inlet and outlet of the provided with the thus prepared bottom 4 Formköφer used in the mold shell 2 and the bottom mold 1 are poured with concrete 12. To form a Randfalzes a mold ring 13 is placed on the poured concrete 12. After an at least partial curing of the concrete, the finished manhole base can be removed from the mold.

As can be seen in FIG. 13, the shaft bottom can also be produced separately from the pot-shaped shaft with a flat bottom and subsequently be inserted into the pot-like shaft. For this purpose, a bottom mold is required, which has a corresponding bottom 4 within a mold shell 23. On the bottom 4 cut pieces 9 are cut to the required for the channel negative mold in the manner already described in order to then pour the concrete 12 on the bottom mold 4 can. After at least partial curing of the shaped shaft bottom, this can be removed from the mold.

Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15, a seal 24 is provided at a recess body 11 which protrudes with its base 25 over the surface 26 of the recess body 11 and is anchored to the base portion 1 in the concrete with this base portion 25 during filling of the concrete. The seal 24 protrudes with a sealing lip 27 in the Aussparungsköφer 11, which sealing lip 27 protrudes after the forming of the shaft bottom and removing the Aussparungsköφers 11 in the opening formed by Aussparungsköφer. This makes it possible to prevent inadvertent wrong insertion of the seal 24 in the concrete, also the seal 24 is reliably anchored in the concrete, so that when inserting a pipe end into the opening of the shaft bottom, a displacement of the seal or an inadmissible deformation of the seal 24th can not take place anymore.

For the simple provision of a seal 24 in the recess body 11, it is formed in two parts, for example composed of two pipe sections 11 'and 11 ". The recess body 11, as shown in FIG Material as the molded body 8 made. It can be screwed or glued to the front sides of the molded body 8.

To accomplish a simple release of the molded body 8 or a fitting 9 of concrete when stripping, is useful from the Formköφer 8 or fitting 9 by means of a cutting device, a wedge-shaped member 28 longitudinally and / or transversely cut out, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 is illustrated. Thereafter, the molded body 8 or the fitting 9 can be folded and easily removed from the flume. As a cutting device here in the Formköφer 8 already provided before its attachment in the bottom mold 1 heating wires 29 are used, which are connected to a power source when stripping and then a simple cutting out of a wedge-shaped part allow (see Fig. 18 and 19) - by moving out in each different directions 29 'and 29 ".

Another variant which facilitates the removal of the molded body 8 or shaped piece 9 from the channel during stripping is illustrated in FIG. Here, a strip 30 is provided as a separating aid, for example a tear-resistant adhesive tape which surrounds the shaped body 8 or the shaped piece 9 at least at one point of its longitudinal extent. This band 30 then allows easy gripping and pulling out of the shaped body 8 or shaped piece 9 from the channel.

If this tape 30 has a greater thickness, the band 30 is expediently used in a provided from the outset on Formköφer 8 and extending around the circumference of Formköφers 8 depression, the depth of this recess is dimensioned such that when applied tape 30 a completely smooth surface 31 of the molded body is given.

The invention is of course not limited to the illustrated embodiments, which merely serve to illustrate the concept of the invention, which consists in the provision of prefabricated fittings 9 with adapted to the respective channel cross-section profile cross-section of various channels courses by a suitable assembly of the separated pieces 9 of the pieces to be able to realize without having to do without a mechanical production.

As a particularly suitable material for the Formköφer 8 and its individual fittings 9, a matte foam, in particular the well-known under the brand "Styrofoam" rigid foam plastic, has proven to be in a simple manner in molds to the Fittings 9 can be foamed, after foaming has a sufficiently high compressive strength and dimensional stability, can be easily cut by suitable cutting tools, such as hot wire, saws, knives, and ultimately represents a very cheap product.

Although fittings made of polystyrene Styrofoam 8 can be made in a concrete plant by foaming in various forms, it is usually appropriate prefabricate fittings 9 in different dimensions, cross-sections and radii of curvature, which may provide price advantages and consistent properties or quality guaranteed. From different fittings 9 then suitable for the individual channels to be produced specimens are selected and cut to predetermined final dimensions. For this purpose, especially heating wire cutting devices with adjustable linear and arcuate Schnittfühiτing are. The die segments cut to final dimensions are then joined together to form the respective molded article, e.g. glued together. The one-piece molding 8 thus formed is finished after finishing, e.g. with respect to its height on the mold bottom 3, positioned in a predetermined position and e.g. fixed by releasable fasteners. However, the cut fittings 9 can also be individually releasably fastened to the mold bottom 3 in virtually seamless joint system. The material and manufacturing costs of molded articles made of styrofoam 8 are so small that a single use is economically justifiable and the molded body 8 is removed from the already hardened channels even if the molded articles 8 are damaged, e.g. can be knocked out. Compared to conventional production of individual channels by walling by hand, there are serious cost advantages of the cheap Formköφer 8 and the possibility of automated production of the shaft bottoms with individual channels.

For the production of the molded body and its fittings, other materials are conceivable that can be brought in a simple manner in the respective form, are inexpensive and have the necessary compressive strength for the molding process of the shaft bottom. In addition, the molded body 8 can also be made of hollow moldings 9, for example of plastic pipe blanks, which are connected at their butt ends thermally or by gluing together and / or with the core bottom.

The Formköφer 8 should have smooth smooth outer surfaces throughout, so that the molded channels are smooth-walled. When using rigid foam, the desired smooth surfaces already result from the foaming process. Anchored open-pore areas of such fittings 9 and also Formköφer 8 with relatively rough surface can be covered, for example by applying cut films or liquid or pasty substances before the concrete pouring takes place. The covers of films or other substances or formed by release agents, such as wax or oil, can prevent caking of the concrete and facilitate the removal of the molded body 8.

In summary, it should be noted that the invention provides over the prior art, a number of significant advantages: The fittings 9, 10, 14, 15 are made of inexpensive materials and can be processed by simple technical means, such as knives, saws, cutting wires. The assembly of the fittings 9, 10, 14, 15 to the molding 8 and also the fixing of the individual fittings 9 or the molded body 8 on the mold bottom 3 is also carried out in a technically simple manner, e.g. by gluing or by means of suitable fasteners, such as screws, dowels, etc. It is essential that all these measures be carried out by the manufacturer of the manhole bottoms on site, i. in the concrete plant, can be made. The simple production and the low price of a complete, possibly complicated shaped molded article 8 makes it possible for the first time to machine series production of manhole bottoms with individual channels, the term "individual channel" meaning that each channel has the same dimensions as e.g. Its channel management differs from other channels. For mass production of such manhole bases with repeated use of the normal bottom molds 1, i. Always the same mold coats and mold floors, it is only necessary to solve the Formköφer 8 of an already manufactured manhole base before or after removal from the mold bottom 3 and placed on this mold bottom 3 a new prefabricated Formköφer 8, whereupon another shaft bottom are made with individual flume can.

Claims

claims:

1. A method for producing a channel having a predetermined shape having a concrete floor in which in a bottom mold (1) with a mold shell (2) and a mold bottom (3), at which mold bottom (3) for forming the channel a negative mold concrete is introduced, characterized in that the Formköφer (8) of at least one on the bottom mold (1), in particular on the mold bottom (3), attachable fitting (9, 10, 14, 15 ) is formed, which fitting (9, 10, 14, 15) is adapted to the dimensions of the predetermined shape of the channel and is removed after or with stripping the shaft bottom of the shaft bottom.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaped piece (9, 14, 15) is formed from a lost core forming material.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the molded body (8) of two or more fittings (9, 10, 14, 15) is formed.

4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the molded body (8) of two or more stockpiled held pieces (9, 10, 14, 15) of different shape, such as. Formed pieces (9, 10, 14, 15) with rectilinear and / or arcuate longitudinal extent is formed.

5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shaped piece or the fittings (9, 10, 14, 15) from a pressure during filling of the concrete and easily editable material, such as foam, hard foam Plastic, in particular thermoplastic foam, such as EPS, is (are).

6. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that from the shaped pieces of foam (9, 10, 14, 15) by cutting and subsequent assembly, for example by gluing, the shaped body (8) with the predetermined Negative form of the channel is formed, wherein the cutting is preferably carried out by means of a heating wire.

7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the one or more molded pieces (9, 10, 14, 15) formed moldings (8) initially has a bottom surface of the mold bottom (3) exceeding dimension and after fixing on the mold bottom (3) on the circumference of the mold base (3) is adjusted, the mold bottom (3) during this process preferably from the mold shell (2) is disconnected.

8. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that performed on the fittings (9, 10, 14, 15) in addition to a longitudinal adjustment and a height adjustment according to the depth and / or the slope of the predetermined shape of the channel becomes.

9. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at the ends of the mold core (8) in each case a radial distance between the mold shell (2) and mold bottom (3) bridging Aussparungsköφer (11) is recognized.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the Aussparungsköφer (11) are also formed from an easily workable material, such as foam.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the Aussparungsköφer (11) are adapted to the end of the slope of the channel.

12. The method according to one or more of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the Aussparungsköφer (11) before the introduction of concrete on the outside with a circumferentially extending seal (24) are provided.

13. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the Formköφer (8) prior to the introduction of the concrete with a release agent (29, 30) is provided.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the release agent of at least one to the shaped body (8) laid film and / or at least one of the Formköφer (8) laid band (30) is formed, which band (30) preferably in a recess of a Formköφer (8) forming the shaped piece (9, 10, 14, 15) is provided.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the separating aid of at least one in Formköφer (8) provided heating wire (29) is formed.

16. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the removal of the Formköφers (8) after stripping of the shaft bottom takes place in that from the Formköφer (8) a wedge-shaped piece (28) is cut out, whereupon the remaining mold parts are folded under release of the contact with the concrete and easily lifted out of the channel.

17. An apparatus for producing a manhole having a predetermined shape concrete shaft bottom by means of a bottom mold (1) with a mold shell (2) and a mold bottom (3) on which the formation of the channel a negative form of this channel forming molding body (8) is arranged, characterized in that the Formköφer (8) of at least one on the bottom mold (1), preferably on the mold bottom (3), and fixed to be removed from the shaft bottom core, preferably a lost core forming molding (9, 10, 14, 15) is formed, which fitting (9, 10, 14, 15) is adapted to the dimensions of the predetermined shape of the channel.

18. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the Formköφer (8) of two or more prefabricated fittings (9, 10, 14, 15) is composed, wherein the prefabricated fittings (9, 10, 14, 15) a rectilinear and or have arcuate longitudinal extent and a cross section corresponding to the shape of the cross section of the channel.

19. The apparatus of claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the or the shaped piece (s) (9, 10, 14, 15) of a pressure during the filling of the concrete holding, easily editable material, preferably of a foam, such as a lightweight rigid foam plastic or thermoplastic foam, such as EPS is (are).

20. The device according to one or more of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the mold bottom (3) has a planar, but inclined to form a berm bottom (4) and that the Formköφer (8) has a planar with the mold bottom (3 ) has directly contacting basal surface.

21. The device according to one or more of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that at the ends of the Formköφers (8) the radial distance from the mold bottom (3) to the mold shell (2) bridging Aussparungsköφer (11) are provided.

22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the Aussparungsköφer (11) are also formed from a lost core forming Köφern, which are preferably provided on the outside with a circumferentially extending seal (24), which seal (24) with a Foot part (25) projects radially beyond the Aussparungsköφer (11), the sealing part (27) but in the Aussparungsköφer (11) is inserted.

23. The apparatus according to claim 22, characterized in that the Aussparungsköφer (11) at their to the Formköφer (8) adjoining ends and to the mold shell (2) reaching the ends are adjusted according to the slope of the channel.

24. A negative mold of Gerimies a shaft bottom forming molding body (8), characterized in that the Formköφer (8) from at least one of the shaft bottom after manufacture to be removed molding (9, 10, 14, 15), preferably from a lost one Core forming fitting is formed, which is adapted to the dimensions of the predetermined shape of the channel.

25. molded body according to claim 24, characterized in that the Formköφer (8) of two or more fittings (9, 10, 14, 15) is composed, which have a straight and / or arcuate longitudinal extent.

26. molded body according to any one of claims 24 or 25, characterized in that the molding or pieces (9, 10, 14, 15) made of a lightweight foam, such as a rigid foam plastic, or a thermoplastic material, such as EPS, is made ( are).

27. Shaped body according to one or more of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that the shaped body (8) is supplemented at its ends in each case with a negative mold of a pipe connection forming recess body (11).

28. molded body according to claim 27, characterized in that the Aussparungsköφer (11) is also formed from a lost core forming Köφer, preferably also from a lightweight foam, such as rigid foam plastic, or a thermoplastic material, such as EPS, is formed.

29. Formköφer according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the Aussparungsköφer (11) on the outside with the same over the circumference extending seal (24) is provided, which seal (24) with a foot part (25) projects radially beyond the Aussparungsköφer (11), the sealing part (27) but in the Aussparungsköφer (11) is inserted.

30. Formköφer according to one or more of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the Aussparungsköφer (11) are adapted at their ends according to the predetermined gradient of the channel.

31, molded piece for producing a molded body (8) according to one or more of claims 24 to 30, characterized by the pressure of the concrete-resistant material, such as foam, in particular rigid foam plastic or thermoplastic foam, such as EPS, and with rectilinear or arcuate Longitudinal extent, wherein the cross section corresponds to the cross section of the channel.

32. Shaped piece according to claim 31, characterized in that the height of the cross section of the shaped piece (9, 10, 14, 15) is dimensioned larger than the height of the cross section of the channel.

33. A fitting according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that it has on its surface forming the channel a recess for insertion of a stripper provided as Trennliilfsmittel (30).

34. A fitting according to one or more of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that in the fitting (9, 10, 14, 15) at least one heating wire (29) for the purpose of dividing and / or separating out a part thereof, preferably a wedge-shaped part, is provided.