EP1733857B1 - Method and apparatus for forming articles from a hydraulic binder, having at least one hollow section - Google Patents

Abstract

Process involves firstly treating a blank until the form body (2) takes on the negative shape of the shape to be made. A form coat (7) is put around the form body. At least one relief form body (8) is put between a part of the form body and the form coat. The interior (9) of the form coat is filled with hydraulic bonding agent until the form body is covered. After the hydraulic bonding agent has hardened, the assembly (2,7,8,9) is turned upside down. The form body is stripped out and the coat and relief form body both taken away. The device carries out this process.

Description

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a body of a hydraulic binder having at least one cavity of predetermined shape. The invention is particularly suitable for producing a manhole base made of concrete.

State of the art

With the international patent application WO 2004/091877 has already been proposed a method for producing a shaft floor made of concrete according to the preamble of Ansprüchs 1, and an apparatus according to the preamble of claim 7. In this process, several moldings must be glued together to form a molded article. The molded body is destroyed when stripping the shaft bottom or is lost, so that a new molded body must be formed for each individual shaft bottom. Moreover, this method is not environmentally friendly, since the moldings are made of plastic.

• nichts aus Einzelteilen zusammengeklebt wird,
• nach dem Ausschalen wieder verwendet werden kann,
• einfach herzustellen ist,
• nur mit einem Arbeitsvorgang gefertigt werden kann,
• umweltfreundlich ist, und
• vorzugsweise, aus einem kostengünstigen Material besteht.

Object of the present invention is therefore to develop a method of the type mentioned so that the molding

• nothing is stuck together from individual parts,
• can be reused after stripping
• easy to make,
• can only be manufactured with one operation,
• is environmentally friendly, and
• preferably, consists of a low-cost material.

Disclosure of the invention

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the processing of the blank takes place, for example, with the aid of a robot, a milling machine, a lathe and / or other machining centers.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the molded body has a hardness less than or equal to 4 on the Mohss scale.

Advantageously, the surfaces which are located in the interior of the mold shell, provided before filling with the hydraulic binder with a release agent.

According to one embodiment, the shaped body is arranged on a mandrel before the shaping shell is arranged.

According to another embodiment, a sleeve / Zapfenprofilformkörper is disposed between the mold shell and the mandrel.

Advantageously, the protective layer consists of a lacquer or resin.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic binder consists essentially of concrete.

The invention also provides a device according to claim 7 for carrying out the method according to the invention.

According to one embodiment, the device further comprises a mold core and optionally at least one sleeve / pin profile molding.

According to one embodiment, the molding shell is cylindrical.

According to a further embodiment, the mold jacket has a rectangular cross-section.

According to another embodiment, the molding shell has a square or oval cross-section.

Another object of the invention is the use of the inventive device for producing at least one channel having a predetermined shape shaft bottom made of concrete.

• Figur 1 eine Querschnittansicht eines Zusammenbaus (Formkern, Formmantel mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt, Formkörper, Aussparungsformkörper, Beton) vor dem Umkehren, gemäss der Linie X-X der Fig. 2;
• Figur 2 eine Untersicht des Zusammenbaus der Fig. 1;
• Figur 3 eine Querschnittansicht des nach dem Umkehren und dem Ausschalen des Zusammenbaus der Fig. 1 und 2 erhaltenen Schachtbodens;
• Figur 4 eine Querschnittansicht eines weiteren Zusammenbaus gemäss der Linie I-I der Fig. 5; und
• Figur 5 eine Draufsicht (Querschnitt) des Zusammenbaus der Fig. 4 gemäss der Linie II-II der Fig. 4.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments with reference to the drawings. They show schematically:

• FIG. 1 a cross-sectional view of an assembly (mold core, mold sheath with circular cross section, shaped body, Aussparungsformkörper, concrete) before reversing, according to the line XX of Fig. 2 ;
• FIG. 2 a bottom view of the assembly of the Fig. 1 ;
• FIG. 3 a cross-sectional view of the after reversing and stripping the assembly of the Fig. 1 and 2 obtained shaft bottom;
• FIG. 4 a cross-sectional view of another assembly according to the line II of Fig. 5 ; and
• FIG. 5 a plan view (cross section) of the assembly of Fig. 4 according to the line II-II of Fig. 4 ,

Embodiments of the invention Common features

An important step of the inventive method is to produce at least one shaped body.

The molded body consists essentially of wood or gypsum, which are easy to work with and because gypsum is very soft and easily available on the market. Furthermore, the plaster is inexpensive. Hardness less than or equal to 4 on the Mohss scale.

The working of the shaped body is carried out in any suitable manner and with any suitable machine until substantially the negative mold of the cavity to be formed is obtained. "Substantially" means here that the exact negative mold of the cavity is completely formed only with the help of recess moldings.

Preferably, the molding is processed by means of a robot, a milling machine, a lathe and / or other machining centers.

It is also possible to process either several moldings from the same blank or several moldings from several blanks.

Of course, the skilled person will give the molded body an embodiment (shapes) which is suitable for stripping as simply as possible without the mold body having to be broken or broken. For example, it can be provided that the edges are rounded.

The molded body is provided after its production with an outer hard protective layer (not shown). In this way, damage to the surface of the shaped body is avoided. The protective layer also allows the molding to be less abrasive and thus reused more often.

The protective layer may consist of a suitable lacquer or resin.

First embodiment

The first embodiment of the invention is in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown. It corresponds to the production of a gutter having a predetermined shape shaft bottom made of concrete.

A molded body 2 made of gypsum is produced as previously mentioned. The crude gypsum is stirred and poured into a round mold, corresponding to the inside diameter of the manhole base. Subsequently, the molded body is milled from this gypsum blank by means of a robot system. This system is controlled via 3D software, which reads in the data directly from the customer. The details of the customer can be entered directly into the 3D software.

The molded body essentially has
at least one main main channel 3 with a tunnel-shaped cross-section and possibly one or more lateral channel connections 4 with tunnel-shaped cross-section, and
a substantially disk-shaped plate 11 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) to which the main channel 3 and the channel port 4 are connected.

Before, during or after the machining of the molded body 2, a mold jacket 7 is placed around a disk-shaped mold core 6. As in Fig. 2 it can be seen, the mold jacket 7 is cylindrical. The mold core 6 and the mold jacket 7 are both located on a suitable flat surface F.

Advantageously, a sleeve shaped profile body or journal shaped body (or lower sleeve) 10 is arranged between the molding shell 7 and the mold core 6 on the surface F. This socket / Zapfenprofilformkörper 10 is used for later preservation, on the upper side of the (in the normal position) shaft bottom 1, a certain shape that allows easy connection with attachment tubes or cones.

Then, the molded body 2 is placed on the upper surface 5 of the mandrel 6.

Aussparungsformkörper 8 are then arranged between the mold shell 7 and the mandrel 6. Each recess molding 8 serves to form an opening in the wall of the shaft bottom, which opening will later enable the insertion of a pipe or conduit.

The recess moldings 8 are generally suspended and e.g. by vertical rail (not shown) fixed on the inner surface of the mold shell 7. They are oriented so that they come into contact with the end sides 2 a, 2 b and 2 c of the shaped body 2. That is, the axes of the recess moldings 8 are respectively aligned with the corresponding axes or center lines of the end faces 2a, 2b, 2c.

Advantageously, all surfaces which are located in the interior 9, that is, between the walls of the mold shell 7, provided with a release agent. As the release agent, any suitable release agent can be used. For example, the release agent may consist of mineral oil, silicone oil or potassium soap.

The device according to the invention thus obtained is now ready to be filled with liquid concrete consisting of cement, water with optionally the customary additives (dispersing agents, plasticizers, Concrete sealants, setting or curing retardants or accelerators, defoamers, etc.).

The interior 9 is filled with self-compacting concrete (SVB) until the molded body 2 is completely covered by the concrete. The concrete layer over the molded body 2 may be, for example, 10 to 20 cm thick.

After the concrete has hardened, the assembly comprising the concrete, the molded body 2, the mold core 6, the mold jacket 7 and the recess moldings 8 is reversed.

The reversing or turning operation may be performed in any suitable manner, e.g. B. as in the Fig. 2a and 2b the patent application DE 43 42 518 shown.

Then, the mandrel 6 and the sleeve / journal molded bodies 10 can be removed.

Subsequently, the mold shell 7, the molded body 2 and the recess molding 8 can be removed.

The obtained manhole bottom made of concrete is in the Fig. 3 shown.

According to the invention, the molded body 2 can be reused, i. All steps of the inventive method - except for the production of the molding - can be repeated several times.

For this purpose, the sentence, or the device according to the invention, that is, the mandrel 6, the molded body 2, the mold shell 7, the or the recess moldings 8 placed in their appropriate places and positions so that the concrete can be poured again and a further shaft bottom can be produced.

Second embodiment

In 4 and 5 a second embodiment of the invention is shown. Here also a channel with predetermined shape having shaft bottom made of concrete is produced. But in contrast to the first embodiment, the mandrel 6 ', the mold shell 7' and the sleeve / journal molded body 10 'have a square outline.

The process is performed as in the first embodiment.

The in Fig. 4 illustrated cross-section of the obtained shaft bottom corresponds to the cross section of the in Fig. 3 Shaft bottom shown.

Very many shaft bottoms can be produced with the previously described methods and devices.

The person skilled in the art will also use other bodies with a different cavity, e.g. Plant troughs or weirstones, can produce. He will even be able to produce bodies with several identical or different cavities by using several moldings in the process.

The person skilled in the art will simply adapt the shape of the shaped body and / or insert one or more additional cut-out shaped bodies with suitable shapes in a suitable manner within the molded shell. He can use any technique known in the field of body formation.

Claims (15)

1. Method for producing a body (1, 1') having at least one cavity with a predetermined shape from a hydraulic binder, with the following steps:

   - machining a blank until at least a mould body (2) having substantially the negative shape of the shape to be made is obtained;

   - disposing a mould jacket (7,7') around the mould body (2);

   - disposing at least one recess mould body (8) between a part of the mould body (2) and the mould jacket (7,7');

   - filling the interior (9) of the mould jacket (7,7') with a hydraulic binder until the mould body (2) is covered;

   - after hardening of the hydraulic binder, reversal of the assembling (2; 7,7'; 8; 9) ; and

   - stripping out of the mould body (2) and removal of the mould jacket (7,7') and of the recess mould body (8),

   characterized in that a blank is used composed substantially of gypsum or wood, the machining of which takes place through a chip removal process and in that the mould body (2) is provided with an outer protective coating after its machining.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mould body (2) has a hardness of less than or equal to 4 according to the Mohs scale.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the surfaces which <sic.> in the interior (9) of the mould jacket (7,7') are provided with a separating agent before filling with the hydraulic binder.
4. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mould body (2) is disposed on a mould core (6, 6') before the mould jacket (7, 7') is put on.
5. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a sleeve-/peg-shaped mould (10,10') is disposed between the mould jacket (7,7') and the mould core (6,6').
6. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hydraulic binder is composed substantially of concrete.
7. Device for carrying out the method according to one of the claims 1 to 6, with

   - at least one mould body (2) having substantially the negative shape of the shape to be formed and obtained through machining of a blank;

   - a mould jacket (7,7'); and

   - at least one recess mould body (8),

   characterized in that a mould body (2) is used composed substantially of gypsum or wood and obtained through a cutting process which mould body has an outer protective coating.
8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the mould body (2) has a hardness of less than or equal to 4 according to the Mohs scale.
9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it is able to further comprise a mould core (6,6') and a sleeve-/peg-shaped mould (10,10').
10. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the protective coating consists of a lacquer or resin.
11. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the mould jacket (7) is cylindrical.
12. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the mould jacket (7') has a rectangular cross section.
13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the mould jacket (7') has a square cross section.
14. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the hydraulic binder is composed substantially of concrete.
15. Use of an device according to one of the claims 7 to 14 for producing at least one shaft bottom (1, 1') of concrete having a channel with predetermined shape (1,1').

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