EP1607705A2 - Dosing furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The casing (1, 2) has curved side surfaces (11, 15, 21, 23). They curve in towards each other, to meet the rear- and front ends (14, 16). They are made of curved plates welded together, with their free edges designed to make tongued-and grooved joints which contain additional sealing material. Their flanged edges are clamped together to complete the assembly. The door mechanism is further detailed.

Description

The invention relates to a metering furnace for delivery of measured portions of a melt, in particular liquid metal, comprising an outer casing, the one Housing interior encloses a refractory lining of the Housing interior, which is a tray for the molten material forms a door that covers a door opening in the housing, an opening for the passage of a material delivery tube, the with its lower end immersed in the melt, and at least one pressure feed opening to gas pressure into Insert housing interior and one liquefied each Dispensing material portion through the dispensing tube. The The invention also relates to a method of operation a dosing oven.

Such known metering furnaces have a box-shaped Build and are set up in foundries to to successively fill molds. The dosage of each discharged amount of melt is determined by height and Duration of a fed into the interior of the metering furnace Gas pressure surge determined, which is about 0.2 to 0.5 bar. The pressure surge leads to a deformation of the housing, the is kept low, that the outer walls of the Housing reinforced by welded ribs and flanges become.

The invention is based on the object at the expense to reduce a metering furnace. Furthermore, should also the Seal the metering furnace can be improved. After all should a low height of the filling opening of the metering furnace be enabled.

The stated object is achieved by the features of the claims 1, 7 and 17 solved.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the housing arched side surfaces leading to a front end of the Casing towards and towards a rear end. The Housing of the dosing furnace is so by curved plates with formed curved edges, resulting in a shell shape results, which occur without reinforcing ribs Inner pressures withstands.

For easier assembly of the metering is a Upper shell and a lower shell from the curved Metal sheets welded together and the two shells are placed on each other and sealed. After a Development of the invention, the free edges of two shells for forming a respective tongue and groove engagement folded. This represents an economic Type of connection that can be easily sealed, by inserting sealing material between tongue and groove becomes. Conveniently, to the metal sheet, which the Has a spring fold welded, a flange, the Edition of one end of brackets serves, the other Ends abut at the top of the groove fold. The Clamps can by means of screws and the like traction means pulled in the direction of the welded flange edge be, which inserted between the tongue and groove Sealant material is compressed and a safe Seal the inside of the dosing furnace.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the door of the Dosing furnace fed to a double benefit, namely as Cleaning opening at standstill of the operation of Dosing furnace and as a filling opening during the current Operation. The shape of the dosing furnace causes the Cleaning opening is located obliquely in the room, and this favors the attachment of the filling device to the door of the Cleaning opening. To the mentioned double benefit is possible, the door is together with the filling device designed to pivot away from the metering furnace, in such a way that a filling tube of the filling, which during the Run far down into the tub of the dosing oven extends into it, sufficiently far away from the door opening is moved to not while cleaning the inside of the Disturb dosing furnace.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the door of the dosing furnace on a pair of swivel levers articulated, which is motorized. During the Opening and closing movement will enter the door Swing lever rod led, which allows the door and a filling tube of the filling completely from the Door opening of the dosing oven to move away, leaving a convenient access to the door opening of the dosing oven is presented.

The door as such and / or a lid of the Filling device can be hermetically closed. For this purpose, a locking hook is pivotally mounted on the door or the Lid stored and engages when closing in one housing-fixed counterholder. Around the door or the lid firmly against the edge of the door opening or a To press funnel opening of the filling and To seal, an eccentric is provided in the last phase of the closing process, the locking hook across attracts to the pivoting movement.

Fig. 1

eine erste Ausführungsform des Dosierofens, seitlich von hinten gesehen,

Fig. 2

den Dosierofen seitlich von vorne gesehen,

Fig. 3

einen Schnitt durch Eingriffsfalze,

Fig. 4

eine Klammerverbindung.

Fig. 5

einen Türschließmechanismus,

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht von Teilen des Türschließmechanismus, teilweise geschnitten,

Fig. 7

eine zweite Ausführungsform des Dosierofens in der Betriebsstellung, von der Seite gesehen,

Fig. 8

den Türmechanismus in der Reinigungsstellung des Dosierofens,

Fig. 9

den Dosierofen, von oben gesehen,

Fig. 10

den Dosierofen, von hinten gesehen,

Fig. 11

einen Fülltrichter, von oben gesehen,

Fig. 12

den Fülltrichter, teilweise geschnitten, in der Geschlossen-Stellung, und

Fig. 13

den Fülltrichter in der Offen-Stellung.

Embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawing. Showing:

Fig. 1

a first embodiment of the metering furnace, seen from the side,

Fig. 2

seen the dosing furnace laterally from the front,

Fig. 3

a section through Eingriffsfalze,

Fig. 4

a clamp connection.

Fig. 5

a door closing mechanism,

Fig. 6

a side view of parts of the door closing mechanism, partially cut,

Fig. 7

A second embodiment of the metering furnace in the operating position, seen from the side,

Fig. 8

the door mechanism in the cleaning position of the metering furnace,

Fig. 9

the dosing oven, seen from above,

Fig. 10

the dosing oven, seen from behind,

Fig. 11

a hopper, seen from above,

Fig. 12

the hopper, partially cut, in the closed position, and

Fig. 13

the hopper in the open position.

Fig. 1 and 2 show the metering in perspective Side views from the back and front. The outer case includes a lower shell 1 and an upper shell 2. Am front end of the housing is an opening 3 for Passage of a material delivery tube, not shown provided, which leads into the interior of the metering into and with its lower end immersed in a tub passing through a refractory lining of the lower shell 1 is formed becomes. At the rear end of the dosing oven is a Door mechanism 4, intended for cleaning purposes Door opening 40 (Fig. 6) sealingly cover or release. The upper shell 2 has a row on both sides of openings 5, which are closed by a lid are shown. The openings 5 in Fig. 2 are used for example, the inclusion of heating elements while in Fig. 1 an opening for the supply of compressed air or gas into Interior of the metering furnace is shown. In the upper shell 2 Furthermore, a filling opening 6 is provided, which for Refilling liquid metal during operation serves and closed here with a lid is shown. Finally, on the lower shell and the upper shell still welded eyelets 7 to the To be able to transport housing parts comfortably.

The lower shell 1 essentially comprises five Welded plates, namely two side plates 11 and 12, an outlet port plate 13, a Door opening plate 14 and a bottom plate 15. Die Upper shell 2 includes side plates 21, 22 and a Cover plate 23. As seen in the drawings As can be seen, all the plates are more or less curved, except for the door-opening plate 14, which, moreover, also thicker material compared to the other plates has, as shown in Fig. 5 can be seen. The basic form of Housing can be described as a double wedge, namely, starting from the middle area of the Dosing oven, the surfaces on the front end 16 (Fig. 2) or on the rear end of the door opening plate 14 run (Fig. 1). The blank of the plates 11, 12, 13 and 23 becomes approximately trapezoidal, but partially with curved edges. The plates 21, 22 have a gusset shape. After the sheet metal plates have been bent, they let join together easily and at the edges weld together.

The lower and upper shell have free edges on top of that are intended to sealingly interlock. To this Purpose are the free edges of the lower shell 1 as Federfalz 17 (Fig. 3 and 4) formed while the free Edges of the upper shell 2 are designed as a groove fold 27. At the door-opening plate 14 is a sheet-metal strip 19 (FIG. 6) welded, on which the spring fold 17 is attached.

Near each Federfalzes 17 is a flange edge 18th welded, for receiving a bolt 24th serves. The threaded bolt 24 can be used as a stud bolt (FIG. 3). or formed as a through-bolt with a head (Fig. 4) be. In both cases, a two-leg bracket 25, which has a bore 26 for the bolt 24, to used, the spring fold 17 against the Groove 27 under Interposition of a seal 29 to press each other, by tightening the nut 28 of the bolt 24. Fig. 3 shows the engagement of the spring fold 17 in the Nutfalz 27 without intermediate seal 29 and without the parts 25th and 28. When the nut 28 is in the inward direction of the bolt is screwed, presses the horizontal leg of the Clamp 25 on top of Nutfalz 27, so that Uncovering the tongue and groove connection is avoided when the inside of the housing experiences a blast of compressed air. Anyway the seal 29 because of the weight of the upper shell. 2 compressed.

In Fig. 4 are parts of the refractory lining 31, 32 of the Dosing furnace shown. As can be seen, the thickness of the Sheet metal opposite the thickness of the refractory Lining small.

The door mechanism 4 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. The door opening plate 14 has a door opening 40 which is covered by a curved door 41. Above the door extends an actuating shaft 42 which is in bearing blocks 43 is mounted, which are welded to the plate 14. With the shaft 42 a pivot lever pair 44 are rotatably connected, at the free ends of each bearing 45th sits, which supports a pivot axis 46, where the door 41st is hung pivotally. At least one at the bottom Bearing 43 is a pivot lever 47 articulated, whose lower end via a pivot bearing 48 with the door 41st see Fig. 6. The levers 44, 47 form a Parallelogram and thus a parallel guide for the door 41, the upper position 41 'in Fig. 6 is indicated. In this upper position 41 'of the door take the lever 44 and 47, the positions 44 'and 47' a. As can be seen, will while the door opening 40 fully released.

The raising and lowering of the door 41 via a motor drive 50th This contains a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 51 and a piston rod 52, whose end hinged to an arm 53 of the shaft 42 to whose operation is connected. By going out and Retraction of the piston rod 52 is the lever arm 53 hin- and pivoted and thus also the pivot lever pair 44, which leads to the arrival and removal of the door 41.

For firmly closing the door 41 is still one Manual closing device 55 is provided. For this purpose are two bearing blocks 56 at the curved ends of the door 41st welded, which store a closing shaft 57, at the one Handle 58 is attached. The shaft 57 is at her Ends designed as eccentric 59, on each of which a Eccentric lever or locking lever 60 is seated, with a Locking hook 61 (Fig. 6) is formed. At the plate 14 each counter-holder 62 are attached, each two welded blocks and one parallel to the plate 41st extending bolt behind which the catch 61 engages. The eccentric or locking lever 60 has a to the shaft 57 concentric bearing bore 63, in the one The moon-shaped bearing 64 is seated on the eccentric 59 outsourced. At the extreme ends of the shaft 57 and to the Levers 60 are pins 65, 66 (Fig. 5) attached to the Position of the eccentric or closing lever correctly to be able to adjust and stops for the swing to form the shaft 57.

The opening and closing process of the door is as follows itself: By raising the handle 58, the shaft 57 is so pivoted that the eccentric 59, the closing lever 60th loosens and disengages with the mating pin 62 emotional. Now when the pneumatic cylinder 51 is actuated is, this leads to the rotation of the shaft 42 and thus Pivoting the lever pair 44, whereby the door 41 in the Position 41 '(Fig. 6) is raised. To close the door the motor drive 50 is in the opposite direction controlled, whereby the lever pair 44, the door 41 in their Lowered position. By depressing the handle 58, the locking lever 60 for engaging behind the Counter-holder 62 brought, wherein the closing lever 60th first pans and then across to his Pivoting movement moves because in the last movement phase the eccentric 59 the locking lever 60 along the longitudinal axis of the lever 60 pulls, so the door 41 in consequence of Reaction force against the plate 14 and against there attached seals 67 is pulled.

It is therefore understandable that with simple means a stable construction and good sealing of the dosing furnace achieved, which is a prerequisite for accurate work the metered delivery of the molten material is.

The shape of the metering furnace according to the second embodiment (Fig. 7 to 13) corresponds largely to the first Embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. However, the runs Level of the door opening plate 14 at about 45 ° to Horizontal less steep than the first Embodiment, and the side plates 11 and 12 are accordingly somewhat extended. Another difference is that Lack of filling opening in the upper shell 2 to note. The Filling opening 6 is now mounted in the door 41, as will be explained. Also, a filling device 8 shown in the first embodiment of FIG. 1 until 6 is missing. Otherwise, the description of the coat applies the metering furnace of the first embodiment. In Fig. 7 is still the inside of the dosing furnace with the refractory Lining 31, 32 and the trough 30 indicated. implied is also a riser 35, via the opening 3 in the Tray 30 is guided and the delivery of the material (liquid metal) during operation, also a Filling tube 82 of the filling device 8.

In the second embodiment of the invention is the Filling device 8 integrated in the door mechanism 4. To For this purpose, the door 41 forms a cuboid body (see Fig. 10), through which the filling opening 6 passes. The filling device 8 has a hopper 81, whose lower end as a filling tube 82 in the tub 30th dips. As best seen in Fig. 7, kink the axes 81a, 82a of the hopper 81 and the filling tube 82 against each other (also several Achsknickstellen are possible), d. H. they form an obtuse angle of about 135 ° to each other. This angle can be bigger or smaller be, depending on how the plate 14 is arranged in space. The axis 81a of the funnel 81 should be vertical and the axis 82a of the filling tube 82 approximately perpendicular to the plane of the door opening 40 may be arranged. to Attachment of the funnel 81 to the door 41 is a flange 83 (FIGS. 10 and 12), so that the funnels 81 and the filling tube 82 move together with the door 81.

In Fig. 8, the principle of the door mechanism 4 is shown.

The drive of the door 41 between the closed position 41 'and the closed position 41 is similar to FIG. 5 and 6, but the door leaf does not become parallel pivoted to himself, but at the same time turned. By this pivoting movement, it is possible, the filling tube 82 from the filling position 82 'in the position shown 82nd through the door opening 40 to move through without the Edge of the door opening to push. The appropriate trajectory is generated by the first pivot lever pair 44 with a length L1 shorter than the second pair of pivot levers 47 is selected with a length L2, and that the distance a the first, door-side ends of the pivot lever pairs larger is the distance b of the second, housing-side Pivoting lever ends. These second ends of the pivot levers 44, 47 are mounted in housing-fixed bearing blocks 43 (see FIG. 10). The pivot lever 44 are non-rotatably via a shaft 42 interconnected and can be driven together when the door 41 is opened or closed should.

The drive of the shaft 42 can be motorized in a similar manner take place as described with Fig. 5. The (not shown) motor drive, for example a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 51 with piston rod 52, can attack via an arm on the shaft 42, but it is also possible, on one of the pivot lever an approach to attach to which the motor drive attacks.

As described with Figs. 5 and 6, the door 41 with a Locking lever 60 are locked, which with a housing-fixed counter-holder 62 works together. For reasons the clarity of the drawing, these details are the Device in Figs. 7 to 10 has not been shown.

Further details of the filling device 8 are based on of Fig. 11 to 13 described. At the hopper 81 is a lid 84 pivotally mounted to access the interior 80th grant the funnel 81 and the interior pressure-tight complete. Inside 80 of the funnel 81 sits one Filter disc 85 made of ceramic, to prevent contamination of the filter off liquid metal. The filter disk 85 can in the position of Fig. 8 of the funnel 81 when open Cover 84 easily removed and replaced. Of the Cover 84 has two bearing blocks 86 for supporting a shaft 96 on, and the funnel covers on its outside Contra-pins 87 and support arms 88.

Opening and closing the lid 84 via a Lid closure mechanism 90. This contains a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 91 and a piston rod 92, at the end on the one hand a Deckelschwenkhebel 93 and on the other hand, a Schließbetätigungsstange 94 hinged are. The Schließbetätigungsstange 94 is over a short Operating lever 95 connected to the shaft 96, which in the Bearing blocks 86 of the lid 84 is rotatably mounted and to their ends is provided with eccentric 97, on each of which with hook provided locking lever 98 sit with the Counters 87 on the outer edge of the hopper 84th work together. As best seen in FIG. 11, the parts 86, 87, 88, 93, 94, 95, 97 and 98 are off Symmetry reasons duplicated.

To operate the metering furnace, the door 41 is closed held while the hopper 81 is opened to to add liquid metal to the funnel. Remarkable is that the funnel-filling opening 80 of the metering here can occupy a low height opposite the ground floor, due to the construction of the metering furnace according to FIGS. 7 to 10. The liquid metal flows through the filter disc 85 and passes through the filling tube 82 in the tub 30th Subsequently, the hopper 81 becomes hermetic closed, and there will be a pressure surge of about 0.2 to 0.5 bar fed to the interior of the metering furnace, resulting in that liquid metal from the tub in the riser 35th rises high and in dosed portion to a mold is delivered.

When the level of filled liquid metal below falls below a predetermined level, the process of Filling the dosing furnace repeated.

After standstill, the inside of the dosing furnace of Cleaned slag residues and adhering metal, and this the door 41 is pivoted away, as shown in Fig. 8. Thus, the door opening 40 both for filling the Dosing furnace during operation as well as for Clean the interior of the dosing oven Standstill can be used. By discontinuation of a Separate filling opening in the upper area of the dosing oven and double use of the door opening will reduce the effort Dosierofen undoubtedly reduced.

Claims (17)

Dosing furnace for dispensing measured portions of a molten material, in particular liquid metal
an outer casing (1, 2) enclosing a casing interior;
a refractory lining (31, 32) of the interior of the housing forming a pool for molten material;
a door (41) covering a door opening (40) of the housing;
an opening (3) for the passage of a material discharge tube, which dips with its lower end in the tub;
at least one pressure feed opening (5) for introducing gas pressure into the housing interior and for dispensing a liquefied portion of material through the dispensing tube;
characterized in that the housing (1, 2) has curved side surfaces (11, 12, 13, 15, 21, 22, 23) which run towards a front end (16) and towards a rear end (14). Dosing furnace according to claim 1,
characterized in that the housing comprises an upper shell (2) and a lower shell (1) whose curved side surfaces are welded together from bent metal sheets whose free edges are folded to form a respective tongue and groove engagement (17, 27). Dosing furnace according to claim 2,
characterized in that between the groove fold (27) and spring fold (17) sealing material (29) is inserted. Dosing furnace according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized in that the respective metal sheets with attached thereto Federfalz (17) have a welded flange edge (18), which serves to attack of brackets (25), which are supported on the outside of the Nutfalz (27). Dosing furnace according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the door (41) is articulated to a pair of pivot levers (44) operable by a motor drive (50), guide means (47) are provided for guiding the door (41) during the opening and closing movement, and at least one eccentric locking lever (60) is pivotally mounted on the door (41) to engage in a housing-fixed counter-holder (62) during the closing operation. Dosing furnace according to claim 5,
characterized in that a closing shaft (57) comprises an eccentric (59) for supporting the eccentric locking lever (60), and in that the eccentric (59) in the last phase of the closing operation engages the eccentric locking lever (60) transversely to the engaging pivoting movement to press the door (41) against the edge of the door opening (40). Dosing furnace for dispensing measured portions of a molten material, in particular liquid metal
an outer casing (1, 2) enclosing a casing interior;
a refractory lining (31, 32) of the interior of the housing forming a pool (30) for molten material;
a door (41) covering a door opening (40) of the housing;
an opening (3) for the passage of a material discharge tube (35), which dips with its lower end in the trough (30);
at least one pressure feed opening (5) for introducing gas pressure into the housing interior and for dispensing a liquefied material portion through the dispensing tube (35) in each case,
in particular according to one of claims 1 to 4;
characterized in that the door (41) has a filling opening (6) in which a filling device (8) is arranged, which contains a filling tube (82) for filling the trough (30), and that the door (41) at the opening - And closing operation is performed in a pivoting arc, wherein the filling tube (82) of the filling device (8) the door opening (40) passes, so that when the door is fully open (41) the door opening (40) is free for cleaning purposes of the housing interior. Dosing furnace according to claim 7,
characterized in that the door opening (40) is arranged in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal at the rear end of the housing (1, 2). Dosing furnace according to claim 7 or 8,
characterized in that the door (41) on a first pivot lever pair (44) of the first length (L1) and on a second pair of pivot lever (47) second length (L2) is articulated, which are pivotally mounted even on housing-fixed bearing blocks (43), and that the second length (L2) is greater than the first length (L1) .. Dosing furnace according to claim 9,
characterized in that the distance (a) of the articulation points of the first and second pivot lever pair (44, 47) from each other is greater than the distance (b) of the bearing points on the bearing blocks (43). Dosing furnace according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized in that at least one (44) of the pivot lever pairs via a shaft (42) connected to each other and motor (50) is driven. Dosing furnace according to one of claims 7 to 11,
characterized in that a closing shaft (57) with eccentric (59) for supporting an eccentric locking lever (60) is provided, which is pivotally mounted on the door (41) and cooperate with a housing-fixed counter-holder (62) during the closing operation of the door can, and that in the last phase of the closing operation, the eccentric (59) the eccentric locking lever (60) attracts transversely to the engagement pivoting movement to press the door (41) against the edge of the door opening (40). Dosing furnace according to one of claims 7 to 12,
characterized in that the filling device (8) has a filling funnel (81) which can be closed by means of a cover (84) and whose lower end is formed by the filling tube (82). Dosing furnace according to claim 13,
characterized in that the hopper (81) has a mounting flange (83) with which it is fastened to the filling opening (6) of the door (41), the hopper axis (81a) being inclined with respect to the plane of the door opening (40). Dosing furnace according to claim 13 or 14,
characterized in that there is provided a lid closing mechanism (90) comprising a drive (91, 92) and intermediate levers (93-95) with a lid pivoting lever (93) and a closing actuating rod (94) having a shaft (96) Drive eccentric (97), on each of which an eccentric locking lever (98) sits. Dosing furnace according to one of claims 7-15,
characterized in that the filling means (8) comprises a filter (85) for the liquid metal which is interchangeably seated in the hopper (81). Method for operating a metering furnace according to one of claims 7 to 16,
characterized in that the door opening (40) is used both for filling the metering furnace during operation as well as for cleaning the interior of the metering furnace after operation standstill.

Images