EP1950517A1 - Metering kiln with combined cleaning and charging aperture - Google Patents

Metering kiln with combined cleaning and charging aperture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1950517A1
EP1950517A1 EP07020760A EP07020760A EP1950517A1 EP 1950517 A1 EP1950517 A1 EP 1950517A1 EP 07020760 A EP07020760 A EP 07020760A EP 07020760 A EP07020760 A EP 07020760A EP 1950517 A1 EP1950517 A1 EP 1950517A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
opening
filling
furnace according
closing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07020760A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1950517B1 (en
Inventor
Otto Oischinger
Norbert Oischinger
Hans Walter Engel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oischinger Apparatebau GmbH
Strikowestofen GmbH
Original Assignee
Oischinger Apparatebau GmbH
Strikowestofen GmbH
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Publication of EP1950517A1 publication Critical patent/EP1950517A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
    • B22D39/06—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metering furnace for dispensing metered portions of a melt, in particular liquid metal, comprising an outer housing enclosing a housing interior, a refractory lining of the housing interior, which forms a trough for the molten material, a door having a door opening in Casing covers, an opening for the passage of a material discharge tube, which dips with its lower end in the melt, and at least one pressure feed opening to introduce gas pressure into the housing interior and each issue a liquefied portion of material through the discharge pipe.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a metering furnace.
  • Such known dosing furnaces have a box-like shape and are placed in foundries to successively fill molds.
  • the dosage of each delivered amount of melt is determined by the amount and duration of a supplied into the interior of the metering gas pressure surge, which is about 0.2 to 0.5 bar.
  • the surge results in deformation of the housing, which is minimized by reinforcing the outer walls of the housing by welded-on ribs and flanges.
  • the invention is based, to reduce the effort in a metering furnace the task. Furthermore, a low height of the filling opening of the metering furnace should be possible.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to a housing having curved side surfaces that tap towards a front end of the housing and toward a rear end. It can be achieved that the door opening, which is in known dosing in a vertical plane, is arranged obliquely in space.
  • the door of the metering furnace is fed to a double-use, namely as a cleaning opening at standstill of the operation of the metering furnace and as a filling opening during operation. It is advantageous to choose the shape of the metering furnace so that the door opening, which is used for cleaning purposes, is inclined in space, because this favors the attachment of the filling device to the door.
  • the door is designed pivotable together with the filling of the metering, in such a way that a filling tube of the filling, which extends far down into the trough of the metering during operation, far enough away from the door opening is moved so as not to disturb during cleaning of the interior of the metering furnace.
  • the door of the metering furnace is articulated on a pair of pivot lever, which is motor-actuated.
  • the door is guided by a pivot lever linkage which allows the door and a filling tube of the filling device to be moved completely away from the door opening of the dosing oven, thus providing convenient access to the door opening of the dosing oven is presented.
  • the door as such and / or a lid of the filling device can be hermetically closed.
  • a closing hook is pivotally mounted on the door or the lid and engages when closing in a housing-fixed counter-holder.
  • an eccentric is provided which attracts the closing hook transversely to the pivoting movement in the last phase of the closing operation.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 show a metering furnace in perspective views laterally from behind and front, which is adapted for the purposes of the invention.
  • the outer housing comprises a lower shell 1 and an upper shell 2.
  • an opening 3 for the passage of a material discharge pipe 35 shown in FIG. 7 is provided, which leads into the interior of the metering furnace and with its lower end immersed in a trough 30 , which is formed by a refractory lining of the lower shell 1.
  • a door mechanism 4 for sealing or releasing a door opening 40 ( Figures 6 and 8) for cleaning purposes.
  • the upper shell 2 has on both sides each have a number of openings 5, which are shown here closed by a lid.
  • Fig. 2 The openings 5 in Fig. 2 are used, for example, the inclusion of heating elements, while in Fig. 1, an opening for the supply of compressed air or gas is shown inside the metering furnace.
  • a filling opening 6 is further provided, which serves for refilling of liquid metal during the operation and which is shown here closed with a lid.
  • flange eyes 7 are still welded to the lower shell and the upper shell in order to transport the housing parts comfortably.
  • the lower shell 1 essentially comprises five welded together plates, namely two side plates 11 and 12, an outlet opening plate 13, a door opening plate 14 and a bottom plate 15.
  • the top shell 2 comprises side plates 21, 22 and a cover plate 23.
  • the basic shape of the housing can be described as a double-wedge, namely, starting from the central region of the metering furnace, the surfaces on the front end 16 (Fig. 2) and on the rear end in the door opening plate 14 towards running (Fig. 1).
  • the blank of the plates 11, 12, 13 and 23 is thereby approximately trapezoidal, but partially with curved edges.
  • the plates 21, 22 have a gusset shape. After the sheet metal plates have been bent, they can easily be joined together and welded together at the edges.
  • the lower and upper shell have free edges which are intended to sealingly interlock.
  • the free edges of the lower shell 1 are designed as spring folds 17 (FIGS. 3 and 4), while the free edges of the upper shell 2 are designed as a groove fold 27.
  • a sheet metal strip 19 (Fig. 6) is welded, to which the spring fold 17 is attached.
  • a flange 18 is welded, which serves to receive a bolt 24.
  • the threaded bolt 24 can be formed as a stud bolt (FIG. 3) or as a through bolt with a head (FIG. 4).
  • a two-legged bracket 25, which has a bore 26 for the bolt 24, used to press the spring fold 17 against the Nutfalz 27 with the interposition of a seal 29 to each other by the nut 28 of the bolt 24 is tightened.
  • Fig. 3 shows the engagement of the spring fold 17 in the Groove 27 without intermediate seal 29 and without the parts 25 and 28.
  • Fig. 4 parts of the refractory lining 31, 32 of the metering furnace are shown. As can be seen, the thickness of the sheet metal plates is small compared to the thickness of the refractory lining.
  • the door mechanism 4 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the door opening plate 14 has a door opening 40 which is covered by a curved door 41.
  • an actuating shaft 42 which is mounted in bearing blocks 43 which are welded to the plate 14.
  • a pivot lever pair 44 are rotatably connected, at the free ends of each bearing 45 is seated, which supports a pivot axis 46, in which the door 41 is pivotally suspended.
  • a pivot lever 47 is articulated, the lower end is connected via a pivot bearing 48 with the door 41, see Fig. 6.
  • the lever 44, 47 form a parallelogram and thus a parallel guide for the door 41, the upper position 41 'in Fig. 6 is indicated. In this upper position 41 'of the door, the levers 44 and 47 occupy the positions 44' and 47 '. As can be seen, while the door opening 40 is fully released.
  • a motor drive 50 This includes a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 51 and a piston rod 52, the end of which is pivotally connected to an arm 53 of the shaft 42 for the actuation thereof.
  • the piston rod 52 By retracting and retracting the piston rod 52, the lever arm 53 is pivoted back and forth and thus also the pivot lever pair 44, which leads to the arrival and removal of the door 41.
  • a hand-closing device 55 For firmly closing the door 41, a hand-closing device 55 is still provided.
  • two bearing blocks 56 are welded to the curved ends of the door 41, which support a closing shaft 57 to which a handle 58 is attached.
  • the shaft 57 is formed at its ends as an eccentric 59, on each of which an eccentric lever or locking lever 60 is seated, which is formed with a locking hook 61 (FIG. 6).
  • On the plate 14 each counter-holder 62 are attached, each having two welded blocks and a parallel to the plate 41 extending bolts, behind which the locking hook 61 engages.
  • the eccentric or locking lever 60 has a concentric to the shaft 57 bearing bore 63 in which a moon-shapedIförmiges bearing 64 is seated, which rests on the eccentric 59.
  • pins 65, 66 (Fig. 5) are mounted in order to adjust the position of the eccentric or closing lever correctly and to form stops for the pivoting of the shaft 57.
  • the opening and closing operation of the door is as follows: By raising the handle 58, the shaft 57 is pivoted so that the eccentric 59 loosens the locking lever 60 and moves out of engagement with the counter-holder pin 62. Now when the pneumatic cylinder 51 is actuated, this leads to the rotation of the shaft 42 and thus pivoting of the lever pair 44, whereby the door 41 is raised to the position 41 '(Fig. 6). To close the door, the motor drive 50 is controlled in the opposite direction, whereby the lever pair 44 lowers the door 41 in its closed position.
  • the closing lever 60 By depressing the handle 58, the closing lever 60 is brought to engage behind the counter-holder 62, wherein the closing lever 60 initially pivots and then moves transversely to its pivotal movement, because in the last phase of motion, the eccentric 59 pulls the locking lever 60 along the longitudinal axis of the lever 60, so that the door 41 as a result of the reaction force against the plate 14 and against there mounted seals 67th is pulled.
  • the shape of the metering furnace according to the second embodiment corresponds largely to the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the plane of the door opening plate 14 is less steep at about 45 ° to the horizontal than in the first embodiment, and the side plates 11 and 12 are accordingly slightly extended.
  • Another difference is the absence of the filling opening in the upper shell 2.
  • the filling opening 6 is now mounted in the door 41, as will be explained.
  • a filling device 8 which is missing in the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 6. Otherwise, the description of the jacket of the metering furnace of the first embodiment applies.
  • Fig. 7 is still the interior of the metering furnace with the refractory lining 31, 32 and the trough 30 indicated.
  • a riser 35 which is guided via the opening 3 into the trough 30 and serves to discharge the material (liquid metal) during operation, and also a filling tube 82 of the filling device 8.
  • the filling device 8 is integrated in the door mechanism 4.
  • the door 41 forms a cuboid body (see Fig. 10), through which the filling opening 6 passes.
  • the filling device 8 has a filling funnel 81, the lower end of which dips into the trough 30 as a filling tube 82.
  • the axes 81a, 82a of the hopper 81 and the stuffing tube 82 buckle against each other (multiple axis kinks are possible), ie they form an obtuse angle of about 135 ° to each other. This angle may be larger or smaller, depending on how the plate 14 is arranged in space.
  • the axis 81a of the funnel 81 should be vertical and the axis 82a of the filling tube 82 should be approximately perpendicular to the plane of the door opening 40.
  • a flange 83 (FIGS. 10 and 12) is provided so that the funnel 81 and the filling tube 82 move together with the door 81.
  • the drive of the door 41 between the closed position 41 'and the closed position 41 is similar to that discussed for Fig. 5 and 6, however, the door leaf is not pivoted parallel to itself, but rotated simultaneously. By this pivoting movement, it is possible to move the filling tube 82 from the filling position 82 'in the position shown 82 through the door opening 40 therethrough, without abutting the edge of the door opening.
  • the appropriate trajectory is generated by the first pair of pivot lever 44 is selected with a length L1 shorter than the second pivot lever pair 47 with a length L2, and that the distance a of the first, door-side ends of the pivot lever pairs is greater than the distance b of the second, housing-side pivot lever ends.
  • These second ends of the pivot levers 44, 47 are mounted in housing-fixed bearing blocks 43 (see Fig. 10).
  • the pivot lever 44 are rotatably connected to each other via a shaft 42 and can be driven together when the door 41 is to be opened or closed.
  • the drive of the shaft 42 can be done in a similar manner motor, as described with Fig. 5.
  • the (not shown) motor drive for example, a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 51 with piston rod 52, can attack via an arm on the shaft 42, but it is also possible to attach to one of the pivot lever a neck on which engages the motor drive.
  • the door 41 can be locked with a locking lever 60, which cooperates with a housing-fixed counter-holder 62.
  • a locking lever 60 which cooperates with a housing-fixed counter-holder 62.
  • a lid 84 is pivotally mounted to grant access to the interior 80 of the hopper 81 and to complete the interior pressure-tight.
  • a filter disk 85 made of ceramic to filter out impurities of the liquid metal.
  • the filter disk 85 can be easily removed and replaced in the position of Fig. 8 of the hopper 81 with the lid 84 open.
  • the cover 84 has two bearing blocks 86 for supporting a shaft 96, and the hopper comprises on its outer side counter-pins 87 and support arms 88th
  • Opening and closing of the lid 84 via a lid closing mechanism 90 This includes a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 91 and a piston rod 92, at the end hinged on the one hand a Deckelschwenkhebel 93 and on the other hand, a Sch Strukturtquestionedistsstange 94 are.
  • the Sch mecanicbet für Tosstange 94 is connected via a short operating lever 95 with the shaft 96 which is rotatably mounted in the bearing blocks 86 of the lid 84 and is provided at their ends with eccentric 97, on each of which are provided with hook closing lever 98, with the counter-holders 87 at the outer edge of the hopper 84 work together.
  • the parts 86, 87, 88, 93, 94, 95, 97 and 98 are duplicated for reasons of symmetry.
  • the door 41 is kept closed while the hopper 81 is opened to introduce liquid metal into the hopper.
  • the funnel filling opening 80 of the metering furnace can assume a low height relative to the floor bottom, due to the construction of the metering furnace according to FIGS. 7 to 10.
  • the liquid metal flows through the filter disk 85 and reaches the tub 30 via the filling pipe 82
  • the hopper 81 is hermetically closed, and it is a pressure surge of about 0.2 to 0.5 bar supplied to the interior of the metering furnace, which causes liquid metal from the tub in the riser 35 rises high and in metered portion is delivered to a mold.
  • the door 41 is pivoted away, as shown in Fig. 8.
  • the door opening 40 both for filling the metering furnace during operation as well as for cleaning the interior of the metering after Standstill can be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)

Abstract

The casing (1, 2) has curved side surfaces (11, 15, 21, 23). They curve in towards each other, to meet the rear- and front ends (14, 16). They are made of curved plates welded together, with their free edges designed to make tongued-and grooved joints which contain additional sealing material. Their flanged edges are clamped together to complete the assembly. The door mechanism is further detailed.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Dosierofen zur Abgabe von abgemessenen Portionen einer Schmelze, insbesondere flüssiges Metall, umfassend ein äußeres Gehäuse, das ein Gehäuseinneres umschließt, eine feuerfeste Auskleidung des Gehäuseinneren, die eine Wanne für die Materialschmelze bildet, eine Tür, die eine Türöffnung im Gehäuse abdeckt, eine Öffnung zum Durchtritt eines Materialabgaberohres, das mit seinem unteren Ende in die Schmelze eintaucht, und wenigstens eine Druckzuführungsöffnung, um Gasdruck ins Gehäuseinnere einzuführen und jeweils eine verflüssigte Materialportion durch das Abgaberohr auszugeben. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch auf ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Dosierofens.The invention relates to a metering furnace for dispensing metered portions of a melt, in particular liquid metal, comprising an outer housing enclosing a housing interior, a refractory lining of the housing interior, which forms a trough for the molten material, a door having a door opening in Casing covers, an opening for the passage of a material discharge tube, which dips with its lower end in the melt, and at least one pressure feed opening to introduce gas pressure into the housing interior and each issue a liquefied portion of material through the discharge pipe. The invention also relates to a method for operating a metering furnace.

Derartige bekannte Dosieröfen haben eine kastenförmige Gestalt und werden in Gießereien aufgestellt, um aufeinanderfolgend Gießformen zu füllen. Die Dosierung der jeweils abgegebenen Menge an Schmelze wird durch Höhe und Dauer eines ins Innere des Dosierofens zugeführten Gasdruckstoßes bestimmt, der etwa 0,2 bis 0,5 bar beträgt. Der Druckstoß führt zu einer Verformung des Gehäuses, die dadurch gering gehalten wird, dass die äußeren Wände des Gehäuses durch angeschweißte Rippen und Flansche verstärkt werden.Such known dosing furnaces have a box-like shape and are placed in foundries to successively fill molds. The dosage of each delivered amount of melt is determined by the amount and duration of a supplied into the interior of the metering gas pressure surge, which is about 0.2 to 0.5 bar. The surge results in deformation of the housing, which is minimized by reinforcing the outer walls of the housing by welded-on ribs and flanges.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Aufwand bei einem Dosierofen zu verkleinern. Ferner soll auch eine niedrige Höhe der Einfüllöffnung des Dosierofens ermöglicht werden.The invention is based, to reduce the effort in a metering furnace the task. Furthermore, a low height of the filling opening of the metering furnace should be possible.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 11 gelöst.The stated object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 11.

Die Erfindung ist insbesondere bei einem Gehäuse mit gewölbten Seitenflächen anwendbar, die zu einem vorderen Ende des Gehäuses hin und zu einem hinteren Ende hin zulaufen. Dabei kann erreicht werden, dass die Türöffnung, die bei bekannten Dosieröfen in einer senkrechten Ebene liegt, schräg im Raum angeordnet ist.The invention is particularly applicable to a housing having curved side surfaces that tap towards a front end of the housing and toward a rear end. It can be achieved that the door opening, which is in known dosing in a vertical plane, is arranged obliquely in space.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird die Tür des Dosierofens einem Doppelnutzen zugeführt, nämlich als Reinigungsöffnung beim Stillstand des Betriebs des Dosierofens und als Befüllöffnung während des laufenden Betriebs. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, die Form des Dosierofens so zu wählen, dass die Türöffnung, die zu Reinigungszwecken dient, schräg im Raum liegt, weil dies die Anbringung der Befülleinrichtung an der Tür begünstigt. Um den erwähnten Doppelnutzen zu ermöglichen, ist die Tür zusammen mit der Befülleinrichtung des Dosierofens wegschwenkbar gestaltet, und zwar derart, dass ein Füllrohr der Befülleinrichtung, das während des Betriebs weit nach unten in die Wanne des Dosierofens hinein reicht, ausreichend weit von der Türöffnung weg bewegt wird, um nicht während der Reinigung des Inneren des Dosierofens zu stören.According to the invention, the door of the metering furnace is fed to a double-use, namely as a cleaning opening at standstill of the operation of the metering furnace and as a filling opening during operation. It is advantageous to choose the shape of the metering furnace so that the door opening, which is used for cleaning purposes, is inclined in space, because this favors the attachment of the filling device to the door. In order to enable the mentioned double use, the door is designed pivotable together with the filling of the metering, in such a way that a filling tube of the filling, which extends far down into the trough of the metering during operation, far enough away from the door opening is moved so as not to disturb during cleaning of the interior of the metering furnace.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Tür des Dosierofens an einem Schwenkhebelpaar angelenkt, das motorisch betätigbar ist. Während der Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung wird die Tür durch ein Schwenkhebelgestänge geführt, das es ermöglicht, die Tür und ein Füllrohr der Befülleinrichtung ganz von der Türöffnung des Dosierofens weg zu bewegen, so dass ein bequemer Zugang zu der Türöffnung des Dosierofens dargeboten wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the door of the metering furnace is articulated on a pair of pivot lever, which is motor-actuated. During the opening and closing movement, the door is guided by a pivot lever linkage which allows the door and a filling tube of the filling device to be moved completely away from the door opening of the dosing oven, thus providing convenient access to the door opening of the dosing oven is presented.

Die Tür als solche und/oder ein Deckel der Befülleinrichtung kann hermetisch geschlossen werden. Hierzu ist ein Schließhaken schwenkbar an der Tür bzw. dem Deckel gelagert und greift beim Schließen in einen gehäusefesten Gegenhalter ein. Um die Tür bzw. den Deckel fest gegen den Rand der Türöffnung bzw. einer Trichteröffnung der Befülleinrichtung zu pressen und abzudichten, ist ein Exzenter vorgesehen, der in der letzten Phase des Schließvorganges den Schließhaken quer zur Schwenkbewegung anzieht.The door as such and / or a lid of the filling device can be hermetically closed. For this purpose, a closing hook is pivotally mounted on the door or the lid and engages when closing in a housing-fixed counter-holder. In order to press and seal the door or the lid firmly against the edge of the door opening or a funnel opening of the filling device, an eccentric is provided which attracts the closing hook transversely to the pivoting movement in the last phase of the closing operation.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben. Dabei zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausführungsform des Dosierofens, seitlich von hinten gesehen, der sich für einen Türmechanismus gemäß Erfindung eignet,
Fig. 2
den Dosierofen seitlich von vorne gesehen,
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch Eingriffsfalze,
Fig. 4
eine Klammerverbindung.
Fig. 5
einen Türschließmechanismus,
Fig. 6
eine Seitenansicht von Teilen des Türschließmechanismus, teilweise geschnitten,
Fig. 7
eine zweite Ausführungsform des Dosierofens in der Betriebsstellung, von der Seite gesehen,
Fig. 8
den Türmechanismus in der Reinigungsstellung des Dosierofens,
Fig. 9
den Dosierofen, von oben gesehen,
Fig. 10
den Dosierofen, von hinten gesehen,
Fig. 11
einen Fülltrichter, von oben gesehen,
Fig. 12
den Fülltrichter, teilweise geschnitten, in der Geschlossen-Stellung, und
Fig. 13
den Fülltrichter in der Offen-Stellung.
Embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawing. Showing:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of the metering furnace, seen from the rear side, which is suitable for a door mechanism according to the invention,
Fig. 2
seen the dosing furnace laterally from the front,
Fig. 3
a section through Eingriffsfalze,
Fig. 4
a clamp connection.
Fig. 5
a door closing mechanism,
Fig. 6
a side view of parts of the door closing mechanism, partially cut,
Fig. 7
A second embodiment of the metering furnace in the operating position, seen from the side,
Fig. 8
the door mechanism in the cleaning position of the metering furnace,
Fig. 9
the dosing oven, seen from above,
Fig. 10
the dosing oven, seen from behind,
Fig. 11
a hopper, seen from above,
Fig. 12
the hopper, partially cut, in the closed position, and
Fig. 13
the hopper in the open position.

Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen einen Dosierofen in perspektivischen Ansichten seitlich von hinten und vorne, der für die Zwecke der Erfindung angepasst ist. Das äußere Gehäuse umfasst eine Unterschale 1 und eine Oberschale 2. Am vorderen Ende des Gehäuses ist eine Öffnung 3 zum Durchtritt eines in Fig. 7 dargestellten Materialabgaberohres 35 vorgesehen, das ins Innere des Dosierofens hinein führt und mit seinem unteren Ende in eine Wanne 30 eintaucht, die durch eine feuerfeste Auskleidung der Unterschale 1 gebildet wird. Am hinteren Ende des Dosierofens befindet sich ein Türmechanismus 4, um eine für Reinigungszwecke vorgesehene Türöffnung 40 (Fig. 6 und 8) abdichtend abzudecken oder freizugeben. Die Oberschale 2 weist beidseits je eine Reihe von Öffnungen 5 auf, die hier durch Deckel verschlossen dargestellt sind. Die Öffnungen 5 in Fig. 2 dienen beispielsweise der Aufnahme von Heizelementen, während in Fig. 1 eine Öffnung zur Zufuhr von Druckluft oder -Gas ins Innere des Dosierofens dargestellt ist. In der Oberschale 2 ist ferner eine Füllöffnung 6 vorgesehen, die zum Nachfüllen von Flüssigmetall während des Betriebsablaufes dient und die hier mit einem Deckel verschlossen dargestellt ist. Schließlich sind an der Unterschale und der Oberschale noch Flanschösen 7 angeschweißt, um die Gehäuseteile bequem transportieren zu können.Fig. 1 and 2 show a metering furnace in perspective views laterally from behind and front, which is adapted for the purposes of the invention. The outer housing comprises a lower shell 1 and an upper shell 2. At the front end of the housing, an opening 3 for the passage of a material discharge pipe 35 shown in FIG. 7 is provided, which leads into the interior of the metering furnace and with its lower end immersed in a trough 30 , which is formed by a refractory lining of the lower shell 1. At the rear end of the metering furnace is a door mechanism 4 for sealing or releasing a door opening 40 (Figures 6 and 8) for cleaning purposes. The upper shell 2 has on both sides each have a number of openings 5, which are shown here closed by a lid. The openings 5 in Fig. 2 are used, for example, the inclusion of heating elements, while in Fig. 1, an opening for the supply of compressed air or gas is shown inside the metering furnace. In the upper shell 2, a filling opening 6 is further provided, which serves for refilling of liquid metal during the operation and which is shown here closed with a lid. Finally, flange eyes 7 are still welded to the lower shell and the upper shell in order to transport the housing parts comfortably.

Die Unterschale 1 umfasst im Wesentlichen fünf zusammengeschweißte Platten, nämlich zwei Seitenplatten 11 und 12, eine Auslassöffnungsplatte 13, eine Türöffnungsplatte 14 und eine Bodenplatte 15. Die Oberschale 2 umfasst Seitenplatten 21, 22 sowie eine Deckplatte 23. Wie aus den zeichnerischen Darstellungen ersichtlich, sind alle Platten mehr oder weniger gekrümmt, bis auf die Türöffnungsplatte 14, die im übrigen auch dickeres Material im Vergleich zu den anderen Platten aufweist, wie aus Fig. 5 ersichtlich. Die Grundform des Gehäuses kann als doppelkeilförmig beschrieben werden, indem nämlich, ausgehend vom mittleren Bereich des Dosierofens, die Flächen auf das vordere Ende 16 (Fig. 2) bzw. auf das hintere Ende bei der Türöffnungsplatte 14 hin zulaufen (Fig. 1). Der Zuschnitt der Platten 11, 12, 13 und 23 wird dadurch annähernd trapezförmig, jedoch teilweise mit gebogenen Kanten. Die Platten 21, 22 haben Zwickelform. Nachdem die Blechplatten gekrümmt worden sind, lassen sie sich leicht zusammenfügen und an den Kanten zusammenschweißen.The lower shell 1 essentially comprises five welded together plates, namely two side plates 11 and 12, an outlet opening plate 13, a door opening plate 14 and a bottom plate 15. The top shell 2 comprises side plates 21, 22 and a cover plate 23. As can be seen from the drawings all plates more or less curved, except for the door opening plate 14, the rest, too Has thicker material compared to the other plates, as shown in Fig. 5 can be seen. The basic shape of the housing can be described as a double-wedge, namely, starting from the central region of the metering furnace, the surfaces on the front end 16 (Fig. 2) and on the rear end in the door opening plate 14 towards running (Fig. 1). The blank of the plates 11, 12, 13 and 23 is thereby approximately trapezoidal, but partially with curved edges. The plates 21, 22 have a gusset shape. After the sheet metal plates have been bent, they can easily be joined together and welded together at the edges.

Die Unter- und Oberschale weisen freie Kanten auf, die dazu bestimmt sind, abdichtend ineinander zu greifen. Zu diesem Zweck sind die freien Kanten der Unterschale 1 als Federfalz 17 (Fig. 3 und 4) ausgebildet, während die freien Kanten der Oberschale 2 als Nutfalz 27 gestaltet sind. An der Türöffnungsplatte 14 ist ein Blechstreifen 19 (Fig. 6) angeschweißt, an dem der Federfalz 17 angebracht ist.The lower and upper shell have free edges which are intended to sealingly interlock. For this purpose, the free edges of the lower shell 1 are designed as spring folds 17 (FIGS. 3 and 4), while the free edges of the upper shell 2 are designed as a groove fold 27. On the door opening plate 14, a sheet metal strip 19 (Fig. 6) is welded, to which the spring fold 17 is attached.

Nahe jedes Federfalzes 17 ist ein Flanschrand 18 angeschweißt, der zur Aufnahme eines Schraubbolzens 24 dient. Der Schraubbolzen 24 kann als Stehbolzen (Fig. 3) oder als Durchsteckbolzen mit Kopf (Fig. 4) ausgebildet sein. In beiden Fällen wird eine zweischenklige Klammer 25, die eine Bohrung 26 für den Schraubbolzen 24 aufweist, dazu benutzt, den Federfalz 17 gegen den Nutfalz 27 unter Zwischenfügung einer Dichtung 29 aufeinander zu pressen, indem die Mutter 28 des Schraubbolzens 24 angezogen wird. Fig. 3 zeigt den Eingriff der Federfalz 17 in die Nutfalz 27 ohne zwischengefügte Dichtung 29 und ohne die Teile 25 und 28. Wenn die Mutter 28 in Einwärtsrichtung des Bolzens verschraubt wird, drückt der horizontale Schenkel der Klammer 25 auf die Oberseite der Nutfalz 27, so dass Aufklaffen der Nut-Feder-Verbindung vermieden wird, wenn das Gehäuseinnere einen Druckluftstoß erfährt. Ohnehin wird die Dichtung 29 wegen des Gewichtes der Oberschale 2 zusammengepresst.Near each Federfalzes 17, a flange 18 is welded, which serves to receive a bolt 24. The threaded bolt 24 can be formed as a stud bolt (FIG. 3) or as a through bolt with a head (FIG. 4). In both cases, a two-legged bracket 25, which has a bore 26 for the bolt 24, used to press the spring fold 17 against the Nutfalz 27 with the interposition of a seal 29 to each other by the nut 28 of the bolt 24 is tightened. Fig. 3 shows the engagement of the spring fold 17 in the Groove 27 without intermediate seal 29 and without the parts 25 and 28. When the nut 28 is screwed in the inward direction of the bolt, presses the horizontal leg of the clip 25 on top of Nutfalz 27, so that Uncovering the tongue and groove connection is avoided when the inside of the housing experiences a blast of compressed air. In any case, the seal 29 is compressed because of the weight of the upper shell 2.

In Fig. 4 sind Teile der feuerfesten Auskleidung 31, 32 des Dosierofens dargestellt. Wie ersichtlich, ist die Dicke der Blechplatten gegenüber der Dicke der feuerfesten Auskleidung klein.In Fig. 4, parts of the refractory lining 31, 32 of the metering furnace are shown. As can be seen, the thickness of the sheet metal plates is small compared to the thickness of the refractory lining.

Der Türmechanismus 4 wird anhand der Fig. 5 und 6 erklärt. Die Türöffnungsplatte 14 weist eine Türöffnung 40 auf, die von einer gewölbten Tür 41 abgedeckt wird. Oberhalb der Tür erstreckt sich eine Betätigungswelle 42, die in Lagerböcken 43 gelagert ist, welche an der Platte 14 angeschweißt sind. Mit der Welle 42 sind ein Schwenkhebelpaar 44 drehfest verbunden, an deren freien Enden jeweils ein Lager 45 sitzt, das eine Schwenkachse 46 lagert, an denen die Tür 41 schwenkbar aufgehängt ist. Am unteren Ende wenigstens eines Lagerbockes 43 ist ein Schwenkhebel 47 angelenkt, dessen unteres Ende über ein Schwenklager 48 mit der Tür 41 verbunden ist, siehe Fig. 6. Die Hebel 44, 47 bilden ein Parallelogramm und damit eine Parallelführung für die Tür 41, deren obere Stellung 41' in Fig. 6 angedeutet ist. In dieser oberen Stellung 41' der Tür nehmen die Hebel 44 und 47 die Stellungen 44' und 47' ein. Wie ersichtlich, wird dabei die Türöffnung 40 völlig freigegeben.The door mechanism 4 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. The door opening plate 14 has a door opening 40 which is covered by a curved door 41. Above the door extends an actuating shaft 42 which is mounted in bearing blocks 43 which are welded to the plate 14. With the shaft 42, a pivot lever pair 44 are rotatably connected, at the free ends of each bearing 45 is seated, which supports a pivot axis 46, in which the door 41 is pivotally suspended. At the lower end of at least one bearing block 43, a pivot lever 47 is articulated, the lower end is connected via a pivot bearing 48 with the door 41, see Fig. 6. The lever 44, 47 form a parallelogram and thus a parallel guide for the door 41, the upper position 41 'in Fig. 6 is indicated. In this upper position 41 'of the door, the levers 44 and 47 occupy the positions 44' and 47 '. As can be seen, while the door opening 40 is fully released.

Das Anheben und Absenken der Tür 41 erfolgt über einen motorischen Antrieb 50. Dieser enthält einen doppelwirkenden Pneumatikzylinder 51 und eine Kolbenstange 52, deren Ende gelenkig mit einem Arm 53 der Welle 42 zu deren Betätigung verbunden ist. Durch Herausfahren und Zurückziehen der Kolbenstange 52 wird der Hebelarm 53 hin-und hergeschwenkt und damit auch das Schwenkhebelpaar 44, was zum An- und Abheben der Tür 41 führt.The raising and lowering of the door 41 via a motor drive 50. This includes a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 51 and a piston rod 52, the end of which is pivotally connected to an arm 53 of the shaft 42 for the actuation thereof. By retracting and retracting the piston rod 52, the lever arm 53 is pivoted back and forth and thus also the pivot lever pair 44, which leads to the arrival and removal of the door 41.

Zum festen Verschließen der Tür 41 ist noch eine Handschließeinrichtung 55 vorgesehen. Zu diesem Zweck sind zwei Lagerböcke 56 an den gewölbten Enden der Tür 41 angeschweißt, die eine Schließwelle 57 lagern, an der ein Handgriff 58 angebracht ist. Die Welle 57 ist an ihren Enden als Exzenter 59 ausgebildet, auf denen jeweils ein Exzenterhebel oder Schließhebel 60 sitzt, der mit einem Schließhaken 61 (Fig. 6) ausgebildet ist. An der Platte 14 sind jeweils Gegenhalter 62 angebracht, die jeweils zwei angeschweißte Böcke und einen parallel zur Platte 41 verlaufenden Bolzen aufweisen, hinter den der Schließhaken 61 eingreift. Der Exzenter- oder Schließhebel 60 weist eine zur Welle 57 konzentrische Lagerbohrung 63 auf, in der ein mondsicheIförmiges Lager 64 sitzt, das auf dem Exzenter 59 lagert. An den äußersten Enden der Welle 57 und an den Hebeln 60 sind Stifte 65, 66 (Fig. 5) angebracht, um die Stellung des Exzenter- oder Schließhebels richtig einstellen zu können und um Anschläge für die Schwenkung der Welle 57 zu bilden.For firmly closing the door 41, a hand-closing device 55 is still provided. For this purpose, two bearing blocks 56 are welded to the curved ends of the door 41, which support a closing shaft 57 to which a handle 58 is attached. The shaft 57 is formed at its ends as an eccentric 59, on each of which an eccentric lever or locking lever 60 is seated, which is formed with a locking hook 61 (FIG. 6). On the plate 14 each counter-holder 62 are attached, each having two welded blocks and a parallel to the plate 41 extending bolts, behind which the locking hook 61 engages. The eccentric or locking lever 60 has a concentric to the shaft 57 bearing bore 63 in which a moon-shapedIförmiges bearing 64 is seated, which rests on the eccentric 59. At the extreme ends of the shaft 57 and the levers 60 pins 65, 66 (Fig. 5) are mounted in order to adjust the position of the eccentric or closing lever correctly and to form stops for the pivoting of the shaft 57.

Der Öffnungs- und Schließvorgang der Tür geht wie folgt vor sich: Durch Anheben des Handgriffes 58 wird die Welle 57 so geschwenkt, dass der Exzenter 59 den Schließhebel 60 lockert und außer Eingriff mit dem Gegenhalterbolzen 62 bewegt. Wenn nunmehr der Pneumatikzylinder 51 betätigt wird, führt dies zur Drehung der Welle 42 und damit Schwenkung des Hebelpaares 44, wodurch die Tür 41 in die Stellung 41' (Fig. 6) angehoben wird. Zum Schließen der Tür wird der motorische Antrieb 50 in der Gegenrichtung gesteuert, wodurch das Hebelpaar 44 die Tür 41 in ihre Schließstellung absenkt. Durch Niederdrücken des Handgriffs 58 wird der Schließhebel 60 zum Hintergreifen des Gegenhalters 62 gebracht, wobei der Schließhebel 60 zunächst schwenkt und sich dann quer zu seiner Schwenkbewegung bewegt, weil in der letzten Bewegungsphase der Exzenter 59 den Schließhebel 60 entlang der Längsachse des Hebels 60 zieht, so das die Tür 41 in Folge der Reaktionskraft gegen die Platte 14 bzw. gegen dort angebrachte Dichtungen 67 gezogen wird.The opening and closing operation of the door is as follows: By raising the handle 58, the shaft 57 is pivoted so that the eccentric 59 loosens the locking lever 60 and moves out of engagement with the counter-holder pin 62. Now when the pneumatic cylinder 51 is actuated, this leads to the rotation of the shaft 42 and thus pivoting of the lever pair 44, whereby the door 41 is raised to the position 41 '(Fig. 6). To close the door, the motor drive 50 is controlled in the opposite direction, whereby the lever pair 44 lowers the door 41 in its closed position. By depressing the handle 58, the closing lever 60 is brought to engage behind the counter-holder 62, wherein the closing lever 60 initially pivots and then moves transversely to its pivotal movement, because in the last phase of motion, the eccentric 59 pulls the locking lever 60 along the longitudinal axis of the lever 60, so that the door 41 as a result of the reaction force against the plate 14 and against there mounted seals 67th is pulled.

Es ist somit verständlich, dass mit einfachen Mitteln eine stabile Konstruktion und gute Abdichtung des Dosierofens erzielt wird, was Voraussetzung für exaktes Arbeiten bei der dosierten Abgabe der Materialschmelze ist.It is thus understandable that a stable construction and good sealing of the metering furnace is achieved with simple means, which is a prerequisite for accurate work in the metered delivery of the molten material.

Die Form des Dosierofens nach der zweiten Ausführungsform (Fig. 7 bis 13) entspricht weitgehend der ersten Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 und 2. Jedoch verläuft die Ebene der Türöffnungsplatte 14 mit etwa 45° zur Horizontalen weniger steil als im ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, und die Seitenplatten 11 und 12 sind demgemäß etwas verlängert. Als weiterer Unterschied ist das Fehlen der Füllöffnung in der Oberschale 2 anzumerken. Die Füllöffnung 6 ist nunmehr in der Tür 41 angebracht, wie noch erläutert wird. Auch ist eine Befülleinrichtung 8 dargestellt, die in der ersten Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 bis 6 fehlt. Ansonsten gilt die Beschreibung des Mantels des Dosierofens der ersten Ausführungsform. In Fig. 7 ist noch das Innere des Dosierofens mit der feuerfesten Auskleidung 31, 32 und der Wanne 30 angedeutet. Angedeutet ist auch ein Steigrohr 35, das über die Öffnung 3 in die Wanne 30 geführt ist und zur Abgabe des Materials (flüssiges Metall) während des Betriebs dient, ferner ein Füllrohr 82 der Befülleinrichtung 8.The shape of the metering furnace according to the second embodiment (FIGS. 7 to 13) corresponds largely to the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2. However, the plane of the door opening plate 14 is less steep at about 45 ° to the horizontal than in the first embodiment, and the side plates 11 and 12 are accordingly slightly extended. Another difference is the absence of the filling opening in the upper shell 2. The filling opening 6 is now mounted in the door 41, as will be explained. Also shown is a filling device 8, which is missing in the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 6. Otherwise, the description of the jacket of the metering furnace of the first embodiment applies. In Fig. 7 is still the interior of the metering furnace with the refractory lining 31, 32 and the trough 30 indicated. Also indicated is a riser 35, which is guided via the opening 3 into the trough 30 and serves to discharge the material (liquid metal) during operation, and also a filling tube 82 of the filling device 8.

In der zweiten Ausführungsform des Dosierofens ist die Befülleinrichtung 8 in dem Türmechanismus 4 integriert. Zu diesem Zweck bildet die Tür 41 einen quaderförmigen Körper (s. Fig. 10), durch den die Befüllöffnung 6 hindurch führt. Die Befülleinrichtung 8 weist einen Fülltrichter 81 auf, dessen unteres Ende als Füllrohr 82 in die Wanne 30 eintaucht. Wie am besten aus Fig. 7 ersichtlich, knicken die Achsen 81a, 82a des Fülltrichters 81 und des Füllrohres 82 gegeneinander ab (auch mehrere Achsknickstellen sind möglich), d. h. sie bilden einen stumpfen Winkel von etwa 135° zueinander. Dieser Winkel kann größer oder kleiner sein, je nachdem, wie die Platte 14 im Raum angeordnet ist. Die Achse 81a des Trichters 81 sollte vertikal verlaufen und die Achse 82a des Füllrohres 82 in etwa senkrecht auf die Ebene der Türöffnung 40 angeordnet sein. Zur Befestigung des Trichters 81 an der Tür 41 ist ein Flansch 83 (Fig. 10 und 12) vorgesehen, so dass der Trichter 81 und das Füllrohr 82 sich zusammen mit der Tür 81 bewegen.In the second embodiment of the metering furnace, the filling device 8 is integrated in the door mechanism 4. For this purpose, the door 41 forms a cuboid body (see Fig. 10), through which the filling opening 6 passes. The filling device 8 has a filling funnel 81, the lower end of which dips into the trough 30 as a filling tube 82. As best seen in Fig. 7, the axes 81a, 82a of the hopper 81 and the stuffing tube 82 buckle against each other (multiple axis kinks are possible), ie they form an obtuse angle of about 135 ° to each other. This angle may be larger or smaller, depending on how the plate 14 is arranged in space. The axis 81a of the funnel 81 should be vertical and the axis 82a of the filling tube 82 should be approximately perpendicular to the plane of the door opening 40. For fixing the funnel 81 to the door 41, a flange 83 (FIGS. 10 and 12) is provided so that the funnel 81 and the filling tube 82 move together with the door 81.

In Fig. 8 ist das Prinzip des Türmechanismus 4 dargestellt.In Fig. 8, the principle of the door mechanism 4 is shown.

Der Antrieb der Tür 41 zwischen der Schließstellung 41' und der Geschlossen-Stellung 41 erfolgt ähnlich wie zu Fig. 5 und 6 besprochen, jedoch wird das Türblatt nicht parallel zu sich selbst verschwenkt, sondern gleichzeitig gedreht. Durch diese Schwenkbewegung gelingt es, das Füllrohr 82 aus der Einfüllstellung 82' in die dargestellte Position 82 durch die Türöffnung 40 hindurch zu bewegen, ohne an den Rand der Türöffnung anzustoßen. Die passende Bewegungsbahn wird dadurch erzeugt, dass das erste Schwenkhebelpaar 44 mit einer Länge L1 kürzer als das zweite Schwenkhebelpaar 47 mit einer Länge L2 gewählt wird, und dass der Abstand a der ersten, türseitigen Enden der Schwenkhebelpaare größer ist als der Abstand b der zweiten, gehäuseseitigen Schwenkhebelenden. Diese zweiten Enden der Schwenkhebel 44, 47 sind in gehäusefesten Lagerböcken 43 gelagert (s. Fig. 10). Die Schwenkhebel 44 sind über eine Welle 42 drehfest miteinander verbunden und können so gemeinsam angetrieben werden, wenn die Tür 41 geöffnet oder geschlossen werden soll.The drive of the door 41 between the closed position 41 'and the closed position 41 is similar to that discussed for Fig. 5 and 6, however, the door leaf is not pivoted parallel to itself, but rotated simultaneously. By this pivoting movement, it is possible to move the filling tube 82 from the filling position 82 'in the position shown 82 through the door opening 40 therethrough, without abutting the edge of the door opening. The appropriate trajectory is generated by the first pair of pivot lever 44 is selected with a length L1 shorter than the second pivot lever pair 47 with a length L2, and that the distance a of the first, door-side ends of the pivot lever pairs is greater than the distance b of the second, housing-side pivot lever ends. These second ends of the pivot levers 44, 47 are mounted in housing-fixed bearing blocks 43 (see Fig. 10). The pivot lever 44 are rotatably connected to each other via a shaft 42 and can be driven together when the door 41 is to be opened or closed.

Der Antrieb der Welle 42 kann in ähnlicher Weise motorisch erfolgen, wie mit Fig. 5 beschrieben. Der (nicht dargestellte) motorische Antrieb, beispielsweise ein doppelwirkender Pneumatikzylinder 51 mit Kolbenstange 52, kann über einen Arm an der Welle 42 angreifen, es ist aber auch möglich, an einem der Schwenkhebel einen Ansatz anzubringen, an welchem der motorische Antrieb angreift.The drive of the shaft 42 can be done in a similar manner motor, as described with Fig. 5. The (not shown) motor drive, for example, a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 51 with piston rod 52, can attack via an arm on the shaft 42, but it is also possible to attach to one of the pivot lever a neck on which engages the motor drive.

Wie mit Fig. 5 und 6 beschrieben, kann die Tür 41 mit einem Schließhebel 60 verriegelt werden, der mit einem gehäusefesten Gegenhalter 62 zusammen arbeitet. Aus Gründen der Klarheit der Zeichnung sind diese Einzelheiten der Vorrichtung in den Fig. 7 bis 10 nicht dargestellt worden.As described with Figs. 5 and 6, the door 41 can be locked with a locking lever 60, which cooperates with a housing-fixed counter-holder 62. For the sake of clarity of the drawing, these details of the device in Figs. 7 to 10 have not been shown.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Befülleinrichtung 8 werden anhand der Fig. 11 bis 13 beschrieben. An dem Fülltrichter 81 ist ein Deckel 84 schwenkbar befestigt, um Zugang ins Innere 80 des Trichters 81 zu gewähren bzw. das Innere druckdicht abzuschließen. Im Inneren 80 des Trichters 81 sitzt eine Filterscheibe 85 aus Keramik, um Verunreinigungen des flüssigen Metalls abzufiltern. Die Filterscheibe 85 kann in der Stellung der Fig. 8 des Trichters 81 bei geöffnetem Deckel 84 leicht entfernt und ausgetauscht werden. Der Deckel 84 weist zwei Lagerböcke 86 zur Lagerung einer Welle 96 auf, und der Trichter umfasst auf seiner Außenseite Gegenhalterstifte 87 sowie Trägerarme 88.Further details of the filling device 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13. At the hopper 81, a lid 84 is pivotally mounted to grant access to the interior 80 of the hopper 81 and to complete the interior pressure-tight. In the interior 80 of the hopper 81 sits a filter disk 85 made of ceramic to filter out impurities of the liquid metal. The filter disk 85 can be easily removed and replaced in the position of Fig. 8 of the hopper 81 with the lid 84 open. The cover 84 has two bearing blocks 86 for supporting a shaft 96, and the hopper comprises on its outer side counter-pins 87 and support arms 88th

Öffnen und Schließen des Deckels 84 erfolgt über einen Deckelschließmechanismus 90. Dieser enthält einen doppelwirkenden Pneumatikzylinder 91 und eine Kolbenstange 92, an deren Ende einerseits ein Deckelschwenkhebel 93 und andererseits eine Schließbetätigungsstange 94 angelenkt sind. Die Schließbetätigungsstange 94 ist über einen kurzen Betätigungshebel 95 mit der Welle 96 verbunden, die in den Lagerböcken 86 des Deckels 84 drehbar gelagert ist und an ihren Enden mit Exzenter 97 versehen ist, auf denen jeweils mit Haken versehene Schließhebel 98 sitzen, die mit den Gegenhaltern 87 am äußeren Rand des Fülltrichters 84 zusammen arbeiten. Wie am Besten aus Fig. 11 ersichtlich, sind die Teile 86, 87, 88, 93, 94, 95, 97 und 98 aus Symmetriegründen doppelt vorhanden.Opening and closing of the lid 84 via a lid closing mechanism 90. This includes a double-acting pneumatic cylinder 91 and a piston rod 92, at the end hinged on the one hand a Deckelschwenkhebel 93 and on the other hand, a Schließbetätigungsstange 94 are. The Schließbetätigungsstange 94 is connected via a short operating lever 95 with the shaft 96 which is rotatably mounted in the bearing blocks 86 of the lid 84 and is provided at their ends with eccentric 97, on each of which are provided with hook closing lever 98, with the counter-holders 87 at the outer edge of the hopper 84 work together. As best seen in Fig. 11, the parts 86, 87, 88, 93, 94, 95, 97 and 98 are duplicated for reasons of symmetry.

Zum Betrieb des Dosierofens wird die Tür 41 geschlossen gehalten, während der Fülltrichter 81 geöffnet wird, um flüssiges Metall in den Trichter einzugeben. Bemerkenswert ist, dass die Trichterfüllöffnung 80 des Dosierofens dabei eine niedrige Höhe gegenüber dem Flurboden einnehmen kann, bedingt durch die Bauweise des Dosierofens nach den Fig. 7 bis 10. Das flüssige Metall durchströmt die Filterscheibe 85 und gelangt über das Füllrohr 82 in die Wanne 30. Anschließend wird der Fülltrichter 81 hermetisch geschlossen, und es wird ein Druckstoß von etwa 0,2 bis 0,5 bar dem Inneren des Dosierofens zugeführt, was dazu führt, dass flüssiges Metall aus der Wanne in dem Steigrohr 35 hoch steigt und in dosierter Portion an eine Gießform abgegeben wird.To operate the metering furnace, the door 41 is kept closed while the hopper 81 is opened to introduce liquid metal into the hopper. It is noteworthy that the funnel filling opening 80 of the metering furnace can assume a low height relative to the floor bottom, due to the construction of the metering furnace according to FIGS. 7 to 10. The liquid metal flows through the filter disk 85 and reaches the tub 30 via the filling pipe 82 Thereafter, the hopper 81 is hermetically closed, and it is a pressure surge of about 0.2 to 0.5 bar supplied to the interior of the metering furnace, which causes liquid metal from the tub in the riser 35 rises high and in metered portion is delivered to a mold.

Wenn der Pegel des eingefüllten flüssigen Metalls unterhalb einer vorgegebenen Höhe absinkt, wird der Vorgang des Befüllens des Dosierofens wiederholt.When the level of the filled liquid metal falls below a predetermined level, the process of filling the metering furnace is repeated.

Nach Betriebsstillstand wird das Innere des Dosierofens von Schlackeresten und anhaftendem Metall gereinigt, und hierzu wird die Tür 41 weggeschwenkt, wie in Fig. 8 dargestellt. Somit kann die Türöffnung 40 sowohl zum Befüllen des Dosierofens während des laufenden Betriebs als auch zum Reinigen des Inneren des Dosierofens nach Betriebsstillstand benutzt werden. Durch Fortfall einer gesonderten Füllöffnung im oberen Bereich des Dosierofens und Doppelnutzung der Türöffnung wird der Aufwand beim Dosierofen zweifelsohne verkleinert.After the operation has stopped, the interior of the dosing oven is cleaned of slag residues and adhering metal, and for this purpose the door 41 is pivoted away, as shown in Fig. 8. Thus, the door opening 40 both for filling the metering furnace during operation as well as for cleaning the interior of the metering after Standstill can be used. By eliminating a separate filling opening in the upper region of the metering furnace and double use of the door opening the effort in dispensing oven is undoubtedly reduced.

Claims (12)

Dosierofen zur Abgabe von abgemessenen Portionen einer Materialschmelze, insbesondere flüssiges Metall, umfassend
ein äußeres Gehäuse (1, 2), das ein Gehäuseinneres umschließt;
eine feuerfeste Auskleidung (31, 32) des Gehäuseinneren, die eine Wanne (30) für die Materialschmelze bildet;
ein Türmechanismus (4) für eine Tür (41), die eine Türöffnung (40) des Gehäuses abdeckt, die als Zugang zu Reinigungszwecken dient;
eine Öffnung (3) zum Durchtritt eines Materialabgaberohres (35), das mit seinem unteren Ende in die Wanne (30) eintaucht;
wenigstens eine Druckzuführungsöffnung (5), um Gasdruck ins Gehäuseinnere einzuführen und jeweils eine verflüssigte Materialportion durch das Abgaberohr (35) abzugeben,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Tür (41) eine Befüllöffnung (6) aufweist, in der eine Befülleinrichtung (8) angeordnet ist, die ein Füllrohr (82) zum Befüllen der Wanne (30) enthält, und
dass der Türmechanismus (4) die Tür (41) beim Öffnungs-und Schließvorgang in einem Schwenkbogen führt, wobei das Füllrohr (82) der Befülleinrichtung (8) die Türöffnung (40) passiert, so dass bei voll geöffneter Tür (41) die Türöffnung (40) zu Reinigungszwecken des Gehäuseinneren frei ist.Dosing furnace for dispensing measured portions of a molten material, in particular liquid metal
an outer casing (1, 2) enclosing a casing interior;
a refractory lining (31, 32) of the interior of the housing forming a pool (30) for molten material;
a door mechanism (4) for a door (41) covering a door opening (40) of the housing serving as access for cleaning purposes;
an opening (3) for the passage of a material discharge tube (35), which dips with its lower end in the trough (30);
at least one pressure feed opening (5) for introducing gas pressure into the housing interior and for dispensing a liquefied material portion through the dispensing tube (35) in each case,
characterized,
in that the door (41) has a filling opening (6) in which a filling device (8) is arranged, which contains a filling tube (82) for filling the trough (30), and
in that the door mechanism (4) guides the door (41) in a pivoting arc during the opening and closing operation, wherein the filling tube (82) of the filling device (8) passes through the door opening (40) so that when the door (41) is fully open the door opening (40) is free for cleaning purposes of the housing interior. Dosierofen nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Türöffnung (40) in einer gegenüber der Horizontalen schrägen Ebene am hinteren Ende des Gehäuses (1, 2) angeordnet ist.Dosing furnace according to claim 1,
characterized in that the door opening (40) is arranged in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal at the rear end of the housing (1, 2). Dosierofen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Türmechanismus (4) ein Schwenkhebelpaar (44) enthält, das über eine Betätigungswelle (42) motorisch (50) antreibbar ist.Dosing furnace according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the door mechanism (4) comprises a pair of pivot levers (44), which via a control shaft (42) is motor-driven (50). Dosierofen nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Türmechanismus (4) ein Hebelgestänge (44, 47) mit einem ersten Schwenkhebelpaar (44) erster Länge (L1) und einem zweiten Schwenkhebelpaar (47) zweiter Länge (L2) aufweist, die einerseits an der Tür (41) und andererseits an gehäusefesten Lagerböcken (43) schwenkbar gelagert sind, wobei die zweite Länge (L2) größer ist als die erste Länge (L1), und der Abstand (a) der Türanlenkstellen des ersten und zweiten Schwenkhebelpaares (44, 47) voneinander größer ist als der Abstand (b) der Lagerstellen an den Lagerböcken (43).Dosing furnace according to claim 3,
characterized in that the door mechanism (4) comprises a lever linkage (44, 47) with a first pivot lever pair (44) of first length (L1) and a second pivot lever pair (47) of second length (L2), which on the one hand on the door (41) and on the other hand to housing-fixed bearing blocks (43) are pivotally mounted, wherein the second length (L2) is greater than the first length (L1), and the distance (a) of Türanlenkstellen the first and second pivot lever pair (44, 47) of each other is greater as the distance (b) of the bearings on the bearing blocks (43). Dosierofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1-4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Türmechanismus (4) eine Türschließeinrichtung (55) enthält, die nach Anlage der Tür (41) an der Türöffnung (40) wirksam gemacht werden kann.Dosing furnace according to one of claims 1-4,
characterized in that the door mechanism (4) includes a door closing means (55) which can be made operative upon engagement of the door (41) with the door opening (40). Dosierofen nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Führungsmittel (47) zur Führung der Tür (41) während der Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung vorgesehen sind und dass wenigstens ein Exzenter-Schließhebel (60) an der Tür (41) schwenkbar gelagert ist, um in einem gehäusefesten Gegenhalter (62) beim Schließvorgang einzugreifen.Dosing furnace according to claim 5,
characterized in that guide means (47) for guiding the door (41) are provided during the opening and closing movement and that at least one eccentric locking lever (60) is pivotally mounted on the door (41) to move in a fixed housing (62 ) intervene during the closing process. Dosierofen nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Schließwelle (57) einen Exzenter (59) umfasst, um den Exzenter-Schließhebel (60) zu lagern, und
dass der Exzenter (59) in der letzten Phase des Schließvorganges den Exzenter-Schließhebel (60) quer zur Eingriffsschwenkbewegung anzieht, um die Tür (41) gegen den Rand der Türöffnung (40) zu pressen.Dosing furnace according to claim 6,
characterized,
that a closing shaft (57) comprises an eccentric (59) for supporting the eccentric locking lever (60), and
that the eccentric (59) in the last phase of the closing process attracts transversely to the engagement pivoting movement of the eccentric clamping lever (60) to press the door (41) against the edge of the door opening (40). Dosierofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befülleinrichtung (8) einen Fülltrichter (81) aufweist, der mittels Deckel (84) verschließbar ist und dessen unteres Ende durch das Füllrohr (82) gebildet wird.Dosing furnace according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that the filling device (8) has a filling funnel (81) which can be closed by means of a cover (84) and whose lower end is formed by the filling tube (82). Dosierofen nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Fülltrichter (81) einen Befestigungsflansch (83) aufweist, mit dem er an der Befüllöffnung (6) der Tür (41) befestigt ist, wobei die Trichterachse (81a) gegenüber der Ebene der Türöffnung (40) geneigt ist.Dosing furnace according to claim 8,
characterized in that the hopper (81) has a mounting flange (83) with which it is fastened to the filling opening (6) of the door (41), the hopper axis (81a) being inclined with respect to the plane of the door opening (40). Dosierofen nach Anspruch 8 oder 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Deckelschließmechanismus (90) vorgesehen ist, der einen Antrieb (91, 92) und Zwischenhebel (93-95) mit einem Deckel-Schwenkhebel (93) und einer Schließbetätigungsstange (94) umfasst, die eine Welle (96) mit Exzenter (97) antreiben, auf denen jeweils ein Exzenter-Schließhebel (98) sitzt.Dosing furnace according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized in that there is provided a lid closing mechanism (90) comprising a drive (91, 92) and intermediate levers (93-95) with a lid pivoting lever (93) and a closing actuating rod (94) having a shaft (96) Drive eccentric (97), on each of which an eccentric locking lever (98) sits. Dosierofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1-10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befülleinrichtung (8) einen Filter (85) für das flüssige Metall aufweist, der austauschbar in dem Fülltrichter (81) sitzt.Dosing furnace according to one of claims 1-10,
characterized in that the filling device (8) a liquid metal filter (85) interchangeably seated in the hopper (81). Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Dosierofens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Türöffnung (40) sowohl zum Befüllen des Dosierofens während des laufenden Betriebs als auch zum Reinigen des Inneren des Dosierofens nach Betriebsstillstand benutzt wird.Method for operating a metering furnace according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized in that the door opening (40) is used both for filling the metering furnace during operation as well as for cleaning the interior of the metering furnace after operation standstill.
EP07020760.0A 2004-02-28 2005-02-28 Metering kiln with combined cleaning and charging aperture and Process of using it Active EP1950517B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202004003098U DE202004003098U1 (en) 2004-02-28 2004-02-28 dosing
EP05004278A EP1607705B1 (en) 2004-02-28 2005-02-28 Dosing furnace

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05004278A Division EP1607705B1 (en) 2004-02-28 2005-02-28 Dosing furnace
EP05004278.7 Division 2005-02-28

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EP1950517A1 true EP1950517A1 (en) 2008-07-30
EP1950517B1 EP1950517B1 (en) 2013-12-25

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ID=34802054

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EP07020760.0A Active EP1950517B1 (en) 2004-02-28 2005-02-28 Metering kiln with combined cleaning and charging aperture and Process of using it
EP05004278A Active EP1607705B1 (en) 2004-02-28 2005-02-28 Dosing furnace

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EP05004278A Active EP1607705B1 (en) 2004-02-28 2005-02-28 Dosing furnace

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EP (2) EP1950517B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE416353T1 (en)
DE (2) DE202004003098U1 (en)
DK (1) DK1607705T3 (en)
ES (2) ES2318374T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1607705T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1607705E (en)
SI (1) SI1607705T1 (en)

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DE102010018895A1 (en) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-03 Thermat Industrieofen Gmbh Spout useful as support and platform in compressed gas-operated dosing furnaces for emptying and cleaning, comprises compressed gas-operated dosing furnace with non-ferrous metals and a conical U-shaped bent plate
DE102011014249A1 (en) 2011-03-17 2012-09-20 Feuerungsbau Bachmeier GmbH & Co. KG Industrial furnace, preferably dosing- or holding furnace, useful for material melt, preferably for liquid aluminum alloy, comprises housing exhibiting bottom region, wall region, and heating element
CN106225493B (en) * 2016-07-26 2018-07-06 河南天利热工装备股份有限公司 A kind of structure on heat treatment trolley

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05293634A (en) * 1992-04-23 1993-11-09 S A Koosan Kk Molten metal carrying furnace for casting and the like
EP0627274A1 (en) * 1993-06-01 1994-12-07 INDUSTRIETECHNIK ALSDORF GmbH Metering device for non-ferrous metal melts and method to control the release of a melt volume
WO2000058680A1 (en) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-05 Norsk Hydro Asa A method and device for transferring metal

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE578927C (en) * 1931-10-25 1933-06-23 Friedrich Schinke Tiltable cupola front hearth
DE638866C (en) * 1933-06-03 1937-01-20 Friedrich Schinke Tiltable cupola front hearth
GB623314A (en) * 1947-04-29 1949-05-16 United Steel Companies Ltd Improvements in and relating to furnace roofs or arches

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05293634A (en) * 1992-04-23 1993-11-09 S A Koosan Kk Molten metal carrying furnace for casting and the like
EP0627274A1 (en) * 1993-06-01 1994-12-07 INDUSTRIETECHNIK ALSDORF GmbH Metering device for non-ferrous metal melts and method to control the release of a melt volume
WO2000058680A1 (en) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-05 Norsk Hydro Asa A method and device for transferring metal

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 079 (M - 1557) 9 February 1994 (1994-02-09) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL1607705T3 (en) 2009-05-29
EP1607705A2 (en) 2005-12-21
ES2447433T3 (en) 2014-03-12
DK1607705T3 (en) 2009-03-30
ES2318374T3 (en) 2009-05-01
EP1607705B1 (en) 2008-12-03
ATE416353T1 (en) 2008-12-15
EP1950517B1 (en) 2013-12-25
SI1607705T1 (en) 2009-04-30
PT1607705E (en) 2009-01-20
EP1607705A3 (en) 2006-05-24
DE502005006118D1 (en) 2009-01-15
DE202004003098U1 (en) 2005-07-14

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