EP1605182A1 - Unruh-Spiralfeder-Oszillator mit Temperaturkompensation - Google Patents

Unruh-Spiralfeder-Oszillator mit Temperaturkompensation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1605182A1
EP1605182A1 EP04405355A EP04405355A EP1605182A1 EP 1605182 A1 EP1605182 A1 EP 1605182A1 EP 04405355 A EP04405355 A EP 04405355A EP 04405355 A EP04405355 A EP 04405355A EP 1605182 A1 EP1605182 A1 EP 1605182A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spiral
balance
mechanical oscillator
oscillator according
angle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04405355A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1605182B1 (de
EP1605182B8 (de
Inventor
Claude Bourgeois
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre Suisse dElectronique et Microtechnique SA CSEM
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Centre Suisse dElectronique et Microtechnique SA CSEM
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Priority to EP04405355A priority Critical patent/EP1605182B8/de
Application filed by Centre Suisse dElectronique et Microtechnique SA CSEM filed Critical Centre Suisse dElectronique et Microtechnique SA CSEM
Priority to AT04405355T priority patent/ATE470086T1/de
Priority to DE602004027471T priority patent/DE602004027471D1/de
Priority to JP2007526416A priority patent/JP2008501967A/ja
Priority to CNB2005800233744A priority patent/CN100564927C/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2005/052520 priority patent/WO2005124184A1/fr
Priority to US11/628,831 priority patent/US7682068B2/en
Publication of EP1605182A1 publication Critical patent/EP1605182A1/de
Priority to HK07111842.0A priority patent/HK1106570A1/xx
Publication of EP1605182B1 publication Critical patent/EP1605182B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1605182B8 publication Critical patent/EP1605182B8/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mechanical oscillators in general and concerns, more particularly, oscillators mechanical watches which comprise a set consisting of a spiral and a balance, compensated in temperature.
  • the pendulum must also be compensated heat; what can be achieved, for example, by using a "glucydur” type alloy (alloy of copper and beryllium, also called “glucinium”) or other alloys having a very low coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • glucydur alloy of copper and beryllium, also called “glucinium”
  • This method is also complicated and no more than the others more traditional methods, does not allow to get rid of others isochronism defects such as those due, for example, to various friction in the oscillator, an imbalance of the balance, a offset of the center of mass of the spiral etc.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages previous techniques by proposing a hairspring, for oscillator timepiece, whose behavior with respect to variations thermal is such that it allows to maintain the balance-spiral assembly as little as possible of the said variations thermal. More specifically, the spiral of the invention is no only self-compensated but it can be realized in such a way also compensate for the heat drifts of the balance.
  • Another object of the invention is to be able to compensate also isochronism defects inherent in the construction the balance-spring.
  • the spiral of the invention is made in a crystalline quartz substrate whose cut is chosen so that the whole, constituted by the balance spring and the pendulum, is compensated thermally.
  • the shape of the spiral is chosen to compensate for the defects of anisochronism of the balance-spiral assembly.
  • the thermal behavior of the quartz spiral springs is essentially related to the inclination of the section with respect to the optical axis Z of the quartz crystal.
  • the plane of the hairspring can be identified by a double rotation ZY / ⁇ / ⁇ (notation according to the IEEE standards), where ⁇ is the longitude and ⁇ the colatitude (inclination of the axis of the hairspring relative to to the optical axis Z of the crystal).
  • the rigidities of the crystals usually have a nearby thermal inversion point 0 ° K with a negative curvature. They stiffen at low temperature. Their first temperature coefficient at temperature ambient temperature, ie 25 ° C, is therefore generally negative with a negative curvature. It varies from a few tens to a few hundreds of ppm / ° C. Quartz is one of the few crystals allowing, at room temperature, to cancel the first coefficient thermal rigidity by means of the cut, that is to say the orientation of the structure, and even, to make it positive a few tens of ppm / ° C.
  • the quartz spiral does not require a pendulum compensated glucydur type. It compensates for the drift thermal of most low-end current balances in stainless steel and, even, to make it, in some ways, more favorable than that of the 32 kHz quartz tuning fork.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3.c show the level lines of the graphs of FIG. 2. Considering, in particular, FIG.
  • the spirals made in a plate of this type will have maximum elastic symmetry, namely a symmetry with respect to the X plane and a symmetry with respect to the axis of the spiral (Z axis after rotation). These spirals will therefore be better balanced elastically than those made in a double rotation plate and without having a limitation of their heat compensation capacity. It should be noted that the simple rotation can also be performed around the Y axis.
  • Figures 5.a to 5.b show the variation, as a function of the angle ⁇ , of the thermal coefficients ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ of the stiffness, respectively, for a hairspring having a single rotation cut X / ⁇ .
  • the thermal drift of the pendulum depends on the material in which it is made.
  • common stainless steels have a thermal coefficient of expansion varying typically between 10 and 15 ppm / ° C, whereas for brass the value of this coefficient is 17 ppm / ° C.
  • Figure 6 shows some examples of achievable thermal compensation, for different balance materials, with X / ⁇ single-turn cutting spirals .
  • the curves C1 to C3 show the thermal drifts of the frequency of oscillators comprising steel rockers of different types, while the curve C4 corresponds to that of an oscillator with a brass balance.
  • the quartz hairspring also makes it possible to compensate for isochronism defects of the oscillator.
  • One of the main sources of anisochronism is the variation in the amplitude of the oscillations of the pendulum.
  • the variation of the anisochronism can be of the order of several ppm / degree of angle, typically 2 ppm / degree of angle with a typical angle variation of ⁇ 25%.
  • a known method to compensate for anisochronism is to act on the curvature of the end of the hairspring near the peak P. This method requires an adjustment step by specially trained persons; which is not optimal in terms of industrialization.
  • it is proposed to act on the local stiffness of the turn by modulating the width of its section.
  • the modulation has the effect of reinforcing the inertia and the local rigidity of the coil in the opposite sector to the peak.
  • the width modulation function of the section is, for example, of the type k .cos ( ⁇ m - ⁇ ), where k is a coefficient of proportionality, ⁇ represents the polar angle in the section considered and ⁇ m the value from the polar angle to the peak.
  • k a coefficient of proportionality
  • ⁇ represents the polar angle in the section considered
  • ⁇ m the value from the polar angle to the peak.
  • the anisochronism compensation is about 1 ppm / degree of angle.
  • Figure 7 shows a spiral having such a modulation of the width of its section.
  • the modulation of the width of the section of the turns may be accompanied by a modulation of the pitch between the turns so that the interval between them at rest remains constant. This last modulation, not shown, avoids sticking between turns during large amplitudes of oscillation.
  • the spiral described above may be manufactured by any means known to those skilled in the art for the machining of quartz, such as wet attack means (chemical etching) or dry (plasma attack).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
EP04405355A 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 Unruh-Spiralfeder-Oszillator mit Temperaturkompensation Expired - Lifetime EP1605182B8 (de)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04405355T ATE470086T1 (de) 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 Unruh-spiralfeder-oszillator mit temperaturkompensation
DE602004027471T DE602004027471D1 (de) 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 Unruh-Spiralfeder-Oszillator mit Temperaturkompensation
EP04405355A EP1605182B8 (de) 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 Unruh-Spiralfeder-Oszillator mit Temperaturkompensation
CNB2005800233744A CN100564927C (zh) 2004-06-08 2005-06-02 带温度补偿的摆轮/游丝振荡器
JP2007526416A JP2008501967A (ja) 2004-06-08 2005-06-02 温度補償天輪／ヒゲゼンマイ発振器
PCT/EP2005/052520 WO2005124184A1 (fr) 2004-06-08 2005-06-02 Oscillateur balancier-spiral compense en temperature
US11/628,831 US7682068B2 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-06-02 Temperature-compensated balance wheel/hairspring oscillator
HK07111842.0A HK1106570A1 (en) 2004-06-08 2007-11-01 Temperature compensated balance-spiral oscillator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04405355A EP1605182B8 (de) 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 Unruh-Spiralfeder-Oszillator mit Temperaturkompensation

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1605182A1 true EP1605182A1 (de) 2005-12-14
EP1605182B1 EP1605182B1 (de) 2010-06-02
EP1605182B8 EP1605182B8 (de) 2010-07-14

Family

ID=34932141

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04405355A Expired - Lifetime EP1605182B8 (de) 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 Unruh-Spiralfeder-Oszillator mit Temperaturkompensation

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7682068B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1605182B8 (de)
JP (1) JP2008501967A (de)
CN (1) CN100564927C (de)
AT (1) ATE470086T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004027471D1 (de)
HK (1) HK1106570A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005124184A1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2154583A1 (de) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-17 Rolex Sa Spiralfeder für Unruh-Spiralfeder
CH701846A1 (fr) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-31 Rolex Sa Spiral plat pour balancier d'horlogerie et ensemble balancier-spiral.
CH706087A1 (fr) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-15 Piguet & Co Horlogerie Spiral plat pour organe régulateur d'un mouvement d'horlogerie.
EP2703909A1 (de) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-05 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Gepaarter Spiralunruh-Schwinger
EP2717103A1 (de) * 2012-10-04 2014-04-09 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Leuchtende Spiralfeder
CN105738034A (zh) * 2014-12-12 2016-07-06 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 激光校正摆轮重心偏移的平衡测量方法及测量切削装置
EP3056948B1 (de) 2015-02-17 2019-02-20 Master Dynamic Limited Siliciumspiralfeder

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1818736A1 (de) * 2006-02-09 2007-08-15 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Stossfeste Spiralrolle
CH699882A2 (fr) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-14 Montres Breguet Sa Spiral à élévation de courbe en matériau micro-usinable.
US10324419B2 (en) 2009-02-06 2019-06-18 Domasko GmbH Mechanical oscillating system for a clock and functional element for a clock
EP2284629A1 (de) * 2009-08-13 2011-02-16 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Thermokompensierter mechanischer Resonator
EP2337221A1 (de) * 2009-12-15 2011-06-22 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Thermokompensierter Resonator mindestens ersten und zweiten Grades
GB201001897D0 (en) * 2010-02-05 2010-03-24 Levingston Gideon Non magnetic mateial additives and processes for controling the thermoelastic modulus and spring stiffness within springs for precision instruments
US8777195B2 (en) * 2011-09-23 2014-07-15 Adicep Technologies, Inc. Non-linear torsion spring assembly
EP2590325A1 (de) * 2011-11-04 2013-05-08 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Thermokompensierter Resonator aus Keramik
EP2597536A1 (de) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-29 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Verbesserte Spiralfeder, und Herstellungsverfahren dieser Spiralfeder
US9188956B2 (en) * 2012-12-28 2015-11-17 Seiko Instruments Inc. Balance, timepiece movement, timepiece and manufacturing method of balance
DE102013106505B8 (de) * 2013-06-21 2014-08-21 Damasko Uhrenmanufaktur KG Schwingsystem für mechanische Uhrwerke
WO2014203086A1 (de) 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Damasko Uhrenmanufaktur KG Schwingsystem für mechanische uhrwerke, spiralfeder und verfahren zu deren herstellung
DE102013110090A1 (de) * 2013-09-13 2015-03-19 Damasko Uhrenmanufaktur KG Schwingsystem für mechanische Uhrwerke
EP3159746B1 (de) * 2015-10-19 2018-06-06 Rolex Sa Hochdotierte siliziumfeder für uhr
EP3214506B1 (de) * 2016-03-04 2019-01-30 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Kompakte spiralfeder mit konstantem doppelquerschnitt
CN108885426B (zh) * 2016-03-23 2020-10-27 百达翡丽日内瓦公司 用于钟表的摆轮-游丝振荡器
TWI796444B (zh) * 2018-03-20 2023-03-21 瑞士商百達翡麗日內瓦股份有限公司 用於製造精確剛度之時計熱補償游絲的方法
EP3667433B1 (de) * 2018-12-12 2023-02-01 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Spiralfeder und ihr herstellungsverfahren

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US209642A (en) * 1878-11-05 Improvement in balance-springs for time-keepers
EP0732635A1 (de) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-18 C.S.E.M. Centre Suisse D'electronique Et De Microtechnique Sa Mikromechanischer Teil und Verfahren zur dessen Herstellung
US20030011119A1 (en) * 2000-02-07 2003-01-16 Masato Imai Quartz coil spring and method of producing the same
EP1422436A1 (de) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-26 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA Spiraluhrwerkfeder und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

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ES2171872T3 (es) * 1997-06-20 2002-09-16 Rolex Montres Espiral autocompensadora para oscilador mecanico de balancin-espiral para dispositivo de movimiento de relojeria y procedimiento de fabricacion de la espiral.
US6536472B2 (en) * 2001-05-07 2003-03-25 Fisher Controls International, Inc. High performance fluid control valve
EP1302821A3 (de) * 2001-10-10 2010-05-05 Franck Muller-Watchland SA Spiralfeder für Zeitmessgerät
JP2004007420A (ja) * 2002-03-26 2004-01-08 Seiko Epson Corp 圧電振動片、圧電振動子および圧電デバイス
EP1445670A1 (de) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-11 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh und Fabrikationsmethode
EP1519250B1 (de) * 2003-09-26 2010-06-30 Asulab S.A. Spiralfeder-Unruh-Resonator mit Thermokompensation

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US209642A (en) * 1878-11-05 Improvement in balance-springs for time-keepers
EP0732635A1 (de) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-18 C.S.E.M. Centre Suisse D'electronique Et De Microtechnique Sa Mikromechanischer Teil und Verfahren zur dessen Herstellung
US20030011119A1 (en) * 2000-02-07 2003-01-16 Masato Imai Quartz coil spring and method of producing the same
EP1422436A1 (de) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-26 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA Spiraluhrwerkfeder und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

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ANONYMOUS: ""Good" Fundamental Material Constants for Chrystalline Quartz", INTERNET ARTICLE, 11 August 2003 (2003-08-11), XP002311434, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://web.archive.org/web/20030811155745/www.sawyerresearch.com/Misc/Qtz_Constants.pdf> [retrieved on 20041220] *

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2154583A1 (de) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-17 Rolex Sa Spiralfeder für Unruh-Spiralfeder
EP2523053A1 (de) * 2008-07-29 2012-11-14 Rolex S.A. Spiralfeder für Unruh-Spiralfeder
CH701846A1 (fr) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-31 Rolex Sa Spiral plat pour balancier d'horlogerie et ensemble balancier-spiral.
US8348497B2 (en) 2009-09-21 2013-01-08 Rolex S.A. Flat balance spring for horological balance and balance wheel/balance spring assembly
CH706087A1 (fr) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-15 Piguet & Co Horlogerie Spiral plat pour organe régulateur d'un mouvement d'horlogerie.
EP2703910A3 (de) * 2012-09-04 2014-05-14 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Gepaarter Spiralunruh-Schwinger
EP2703909A1 (de) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-05 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Gepaarter Spiralunruh-Schwinger
US9030920B2 (en) 2012-09-04 2015-05-12 The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd. Resonator with matched balance spring and balance
EP2717103A1 (de) * 2012-10-04 2014-04-09 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Leuchtende Spiralfeder
WO2014053336A1 (fr) * 2012-10-04 2014-04-10 The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd Spiral lumineux
CN104704431A (zh) * 2012-10-04 2015-06-10 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 发光游丝
US9188958B2 (en) 2012-10-04 2015-11-17 The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd Illuminated balance spring
JP2015534071A (ja) * 2012-10-04 2015-11-26 ザ・スウォッチ・グループ・リサーチ・アンド・ディベロップメント・リミテッド 照明されるバランスばね
RU2596097C1 (ru) * 2012-10-04 2016-08-27 Те Свотч Груп Рисерч Энд Дивелопмент Лтд Подсвечиваемая балансирная пружина
CN105738034A (zh) * 2014-12-12 2016-07-06 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 激光校正摆轮重心偏移的平衡测量方法及测量切削装置
CN105738034B (zh) * 2014-12-12 2018-05-22 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 激光校正摆轮重心偏移的平衡测量方法及测量切削装置
EP3056948B1 (de) 2015-02-17 2019-02-20 Master Dynamic Limited Siliciumspiralfeder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1106570A1 (en) 2008-03-14
US7682068B2 (en) 2010-03-23
EP1605182B1 (de) 2010-06-02
EP1605182B8 (de) 2010-07-14
WO2005124184A1 (fr) 2005-12-29
DE602004027471D1 (de) 2010-07-15
ATE470086T1 (de) 2010-06-15
CN100564927C (zh) 2009-12-02
CN1985103A (zh) 2007-06-20
JP2008501967A (ja) 2008-01-24
US20080008050A1 (en) 2008-01-10

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