EP1598514A1 - Air extraction device - Google Patents

Abstract

The system, designed for use in an opening with a fixed (10) and opening (12) frame with a through cavity (18) above the fixed frame, consists of an air extractor (20) with a variable-speed fan (22) inside a housing with interior (24) and exterior (26) sections, and a power supply (32, 34, 37) for the fan. The housing sections can be dismantled, the inner one having an air intake, and the outer one a non-return system. A filter (28) can also be fitted inside the inner section.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to technical field of building ventilation, and especially in the case of rehabilitation of existing buildings to improve comfort thermal and indoor air quality.

The present invention is concerned with ventilation of a closed volume of a building, as example a dwelling that includes joinery such as a door and / or a window and / or an existing French window.

The present invention aims at a device extracting air to extract air from a volume closed a building to the outside.

The present invention also aims at a unit air extraction system with existing joinery or a new carpentry to replace a existing joinery, and an extraction device of air associated with this joinery.

The present invention also aims at a ventilation system comprising at least one such air extraction unit.

The ventilation system may include in addition to at least one air inlet unit having a existing carpentry or a new carpentry in replacement of an existing carpentry and a air intake device associated with this joinery.

The present invention finally aims at a use of the ventilation system.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

When you want to heat a building, it is preferable to provide adequate ventilation heated rooms, to improve comfort thermal and indoor air quality, and in order to to control the risks of condensation and mildew on the interior walls of the building, particularly presence of electric heating.

When it comes to a new building, all adaptations to standards and recommendations the most recent are planned as soon as the construction of the building. In particular, air extraction systems provided, such as ducts, appliances extractors, adjustable inlet vents and extraction.

On the other hand, when it is a building existing, it is often necessary to modify the existing structures, and to install a system of adapted ventilation, including means of entry of air and means for extracting air. To this end, is often required to pierce the building envelope, for example its facade, in order to install a device for ventilation that passes through this envelope. These measures ventilation can be for example a ventilation distributed mechanics (VMR). Document FR 2 783 946 describes a ventilation system for a building farm, which includes a battery of extractors mechanical devices, such as turbines and / or fans. Traditionally, means of entry of air consist of self-adjusting air inlet vents inserted into the opening windows.

However, in the case of a building existing, it is sometimes impossible to drill the building envelope, due to constraints architectural, technical or regulatory.

We also thought about installing a device ventilation directly on a window pane. The document FR 2 626 038 describes an aerator installed on a window, comprising a turbine of known type, and using natural convection.

But this solution is not always acceptable, in particular for reasons of aesthetics of facade and aeraulic efficiency of extraction.

In the absence of ventilation, we are then faced with poor aeration of parts, especially when the original windows have been replaced by new windows, which makes the envelope a lot more airtight. This often results in condensation and / or mold problems developing then in the humid rooms of the building.

STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to solve the problems mentioned above.

(i) une turbine d'extraction d'air,

(ii) un capot entourant ladite turbine, ledit capot comportant une partie intérieure de capot et une partie extérieure de capot, et

(iii) des moyens d'alimentation électrique de ladite turbine,

   lesdits moyens d'alimentation électrique comportant un contacteur électrique, pour couper l'alimentation de la turbine dès que l'ouvrant est ouvert.According to a first aspect, the invention relates to an air extraction device, intended to be arranged in the frame of a joinery having a frame and an opening, and comprising:

(i) an air extraction turbine,

(ii) a hood surrounding said turbine, said hood having an inner hood portion and an outer hood portion, and

(iii) power supply means for said turbine,

said power supply means comprising an electric contactor, to cut off the power supply to the turbine as soon as the opening is open.

Thus, when the door is open, a natural ventilation replaces the ventilation, thus avoiding the waste of energy consisting in introduce and extract the air into the same room when the opening.

Advantageously, the inner part of hood and the hood outer part are removable. This allows easy maintenance of parts of the device.

Advantageously, the inner part of hood has means of air intake, and the part hood exterior includes non-return means air. This avoids the aeraulic problems overpressure due to wind.

Advantageously, the extraction device of air has a filter placed in the hood, this filter optimizing the performance of the extraction device by limiting the dust of the turbine.

The air extraction turbine can be a tangential turbine or non-tangential turbine.

The air extraction turbine can be a turbine with one or more speed (s).

The air extraction turbine can be a turbine with one or more flow (s) of extracted air.

The power supply means have a connection box. They include also a switch.

According to a preferred variant, the means power supply comprise a contactor intended to cut off power to the turbine as soon as the opening is open.

Advantageously, the extraction device The air barrier has a limiting flap to limit spurious air intake from the outside.

Advantageously, the extraction device In addition, there is a safety system, which turns off the power to the turbine as soon as less of the two hood parts is removed.

The air extraction device according to the invention has the advantage of being able to be installed in a new frame completely replacing an existing frame, or in an existing frame which is preserved during the rehabilitation.

• une menuiserie d'extraction d'air, du type comportant un ouvrant et un dormant, ledit dormant comportant une chambre traversante, et
• un dispositif d'extraction d'air selon le premier aspect, disposé dans ladite chambre traversante.

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to an air extraction unit for all or part of an existing building rehabilitated, which comprises:

• an air extraction joinery, of the type comprising an opening and a frame, said frame comprising a through chamber, and
• an air extraction device according to the first aspect, disposed in said through chamber.

According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a ventilation system, for all or part of an existing building which has been rehabilitated minus one air extraction unit according to the second aspect.

Additionally, the system of ventilation according to the third aspect of the invention may have at least one air intake unit having an air intake carpentry and a air intake device, said device (s) air intake being adapted (s) to the extracted air flow.

According to a fourth aspect, the invention is relates to a use of the ventilation system according to the third aspect, in which one installs an air extraction unit in at least one room wet of a closed volume of a building.

Additionally, in the use according to the fourth aspect of the invention, an air intake unit can be installed in at less a dry room of the closed volume of the building.

Air extraction unit and / or system ventilation device according to the invention also the advantage of dealing with the issue of ventilation of a building at the same time as the question of rehabilitation of joinery, that is to say the total or partial replacement of doors, windows, and / or French windows. This is the case when the bad state of existing joinery requires their replacement, or when one wishes to improve the thermal and / or acoustic insulation of the closed volume of the building.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will be better understood in reading of the following detailed description of a embodiment of the ventilation system according to the invention, provided for illustrative purposes and in no way limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which the single figure is a cross-sectional view an air extraction unit according to the invention.

DETAILED PRESENTATION OF A PARTICULAR EMBODIMENT

Referring to the figure, there is shown in cross-sectional view a wall 2 separating the interior 4 of a building and the environment outside 6, at an opening made in this wall. An air extraction unit 8, 20, comprising an air extraction carpentry 8 and a device air extraction 20 is incorporated in this wall. In the illustrated example, the air extraction carpentry is a window 8.

In a manner known per se, the window 8 can be made of wood, aluminum or PVC (polyvinyl chloride) vinyl), or steel. It can also be mixed type, that is to say achieved by combining two or three of these materials, such as: wood and aluminum, or wood and PVC, or wood and steel, or aluminum and PVC, or aluminum and steel, or PVC and steel, or wood, aluminum and PVC, or wood, aluminum and steel, or wood, PVC and steel, or aluminum, PVC and steel, or wood, aluminum, PVC and steel. It can also be in any other material suitable for be used to make an exterior carpentry, such as a door and / or a window, and / or a French window, and / or by combining this material with wood and / or aluminum and / or PVC and / or steel.

The window 8 has a frame 10, which is a part, secured to the wall 2 by being riveted to this one, and an opening 12, which is a part that opens. The opening 12 has wings 14 horizontal and / or vertical and one or more window (s) forming a leaf or several leaves (no represented on the frame. These wings allow opening of the window type swinging French, or sliding, or tilt-and-turn or tilting.

In the frame 10, for example in its upper part, is practiced a room through 18 in which is installed the device air extraction 20.

The air extraction device 20 comprises a turbine 22, which serves to extract the air from interior 4 of the building to the outside 6 of the building. The turbine 22 may be a turbine tangential or non-tangential. She can be a single-speed or dual-speed turbine, or multiple speed. It can be a turbine capable of generate one or more extracted airflow (s).

The air extraction device 20 also has a protective cover that surrounds the turbine 22. The hood is composed of a part inside hood 24 and an outer part of hood 26 which are both removable and removable, to allow access to the turbine 22 for perform maintenance operations or for the possibly remove.

The hood parts 24, 26 comprise air circulation means. The inner part of hood 24 comprises an air inlet means, such as a air passage adapted to minimize the pressure loss. The outer hood portion 26 has a means anti-return air to protect the opening of wind overpressure effects. According to the example illustrated, the non-return means includes one or more limitation component (s) 30. It limits possible parasitic air intake that could penetrate from the outside 6 to the inside 4 of the building, particularly in strong winds or when the ventilation system is stopped. Her presence avoids changes in the performance of the air extraction device 20 as well as the related acoustic problems.

Optionally, an anti-fouling filter It can be provided in the 24. This filter limits clogging of the turbine by the extracted interior air. Her presence therefore reduces the number of maintenance.

The air extraction device comprises electrical supply means 32, 34, 37 of the turbine 22.

The power supply means 32, 34, 37 comprise a connection box 32, which allows to connect the turbine 22 to cables electrical devices that are brought to the window. preferably, the connection box 32 is integrated to the frame 10.

In the case of a twin turbine 22 speed or multiple speeds, the means power supply 32, 34, 37 comprise also a switch 34, which can be put in a "on" position or in a "off" position to authorize or interrupt the operation of the turbine 22. The switch 34 also allows select one of the speeds of the turbine 22, this which adjusts the air extraction rate. The switch 34 is preferably placed on the part inside hood 24, to be easily accessible from inside 4 of the building. When the system of ventilation involves, for purely aesthetic purposes, a joint cover 40 which covers the junction between the wall 2 and the frame 10, the switch 34 can, in Alternatively, be placed over the joint cover.

The power supply means 32, 34, 37 further comprise an electric contactor 37. This includes a sleeping contactor part 36, disposed in the frame 10, and a portion of opening switch 38, arranged in the opening 12.

Preferably, the contactor portion of frame 36 is a switch-type contactor flexible blade arranged in the frame 10.

According to a first variant, the contactor of dormant 36 is implemented by a trigger magnetic. For this purpose, the contactor part opening 38 is a magnetic opening trigger, passive, arranged in the opening 12. In this case, the two contactor parts 36, 38 are arranged in look at each other. Optionally, the two parts of contactor 36, 38 are integrated respectively in the frame 36 and in the opening 38. This configuration has the advantage of making them not visible, which improves the overall aesthetics and avoids inappropriate manipulation.

When the window 8 is closed, the two parts of contactors 36, 38 are opposite one with the other, so that the contactor part of frame 36 is in the closed position. The turbine 22 is then powered and can work, subject that the switch 34 is in the "on" position. On the other hand, when the window 8 is open, the two parts of contactors 36, 38 are no longer facing with each other, so that the part of frame contactor 36 is in the open position. The turbine 22 is not powered, and does not work not. It is thus possible to interrupt the operation of the air extraction device 20 when the window 8 is open. This avoids that the extraction of air and the entry of air are done in the same room, to the detriment of other rooms. It also reduces the costs of power consumption and equipment wear.

According to a second variant, the contactor of frame 36 and the opening switch 38 are not implemented magnetically but in a way mechanical. In this case, they are not only in look at each other but they are in contact one with the other.

Preferably, the opening switch 38 is arranged in a rabbet of a leaf 14 of the opening 12, and the frame contactor 36 is arranged in a rabbet of the frame 10.

The power supply means 32, 34, 37 which have just been described fulfill the class II safety conditions that are generally required. They are associated for this purpose with a safety device, which allows cutting the power supply of the turbine 22 when at least one hood portions 24, 26 are removed for maintenance operations, such as a electrical connection or cleaning operation of filter.

The ventilation system according to the invention has at least one such air extraction unit 8, 20 having an air extraction carpentry 8 and a air extraction device, installed in at least a damp room of a closed volume of a building.

The ventilation system according to the invention may also include at least one air intake unit, having an air intake carpentry and a air intake device, installed in at least one dry room of the closed volume of the building. Woodwork air intake can be a window, a door, or a French window.

Such an air inlet unit is known in itself. She is not represented. It can be by example a self-adjusting air inlet, designed to accommodate a volume of incoming air compatible with the air extraction device, in particular with the extracted air flow.

• de l'air provenant de l'extérieur pénètre dans au moins une pièce sèche au moyen d'une unité d'entrée d'air comportant un dispositif d'entrée d'air disposé sur une menuiserie d'entrée d'air ;
• l'air circule de la pièce sèche vers une pièce humide, par exemple en passant sous les portes de communication ;
• puis l'air est extrait de la pièce humide au moyen d'une unité d'extraction d'air comportant un dispositif d'extraction d'air disposé sur une menuiserie d'extraction d'air.

The operation of the ventilation system according to the invention in a closed volume of a building comprising at least one damp room and at least one dry room is as follows:

• air from the outside enters at least one dry room by means of an air intake unit having an air inlet device disposed on an air inlet joinery;
• air flows from the dry room to a damp room, for example passing under the communication doors;
• then the air is extracted from the wet room by means of an air extraction unit having an air extraction device disposed on an air extraction joinery.

In this way, a ventilation is created of the closed volume of the building.

Of course all the constituent elements of the air extraction device, the unit air extraction and ventilation system according to the invention also have high performance, particularly as regards the sound and thermal insulation of glazing and the whole carpentry.

The air extraction device, the unit air extraction and ventilation system that have been described in detail and which are illustrated in the figure have been described as being applied to a rehabilitation window. They could just as easily be applied to others renovation carpentry, such as a door or French window.

The air extraction unit and the system of breakdown that have just been described are particularly suitable for the rehabilitation of existing buildings, where it is not possible or easy to install air extraction devices to through an existing facade or a sheath network of ventilation, for example in the case of a facade common or classified facade or lack of space. In the case of a new construction, it is often preferred, for reasons of use and cost, install a centralized air extraction device hidden in the attic for example to evacuate air extracted on the roof, through a wall. In this case, the air extraction device is connected to the extraction zones by ventilation ducts. However, when technical constraints of construction require it, the ventilation system of the invention can be used for the construction of a new building or a new part contiguous to a existing building.

Claims (19)

Air extraction device (20), intended to be arranged in the frame (10) of a joinery (8) having a frame (10) and an opening (12), and comprising: (i) an exhaust turbine (22), (ii) a hood surrounding said turbine (22), said hood having an inner hood portion (24) and an outer hood portion (26), and (iii) power supply means (32, 34, 37) of said turbine (22), characterized in that the power supply means (32, 34, 37) comprise an electric contactor (37), to cut off the power supply to the turbine (22) as soon as the opening (12) is open. Air extraction device (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover parts (24, 26) are removable. Air extraction device (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner hood portion (24) has air intake means, and the outer hood portion (26) comprises anti-return air means. Air extraction device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises a filter (28) placed in the inner hood portion (24). Air extraction device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the air extraction turbine (22) is a tangential turbine. Air extraction device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the air extraction turbine (22) is a multi-speed turbine. Air extraction device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the power supply means (32, 34, 37) comprise a connecting housing (32). Air extraction device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the power supply means (32, 34, 37) comprise a switch (34). Air extraction device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it further comprises a limiting flap (30) to limit the entry of extraneous air from outside (6). Air extraction device (20) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electric contactor (37) has a frame contactor part (36) arranged in the frame (10) and a part of the opening contactor (38) disposed in the opening (12), the two contactor parts (36, 38) facing each other when the joinery (8) is closed. Air extraction device (20) according to claim 10, characterized in that the frame contacting part (36) is installed in a recess of the frame (10) and the opening contactor part (38) is installed in a rabbet of the opening (12). Air extracting device (20) according to claim 10, characterized in that the frame contacting part (36) is integrated in the frame (10) and the opening contactor part (38) is integrated in the opening (12). Air extraction device (20) according to one of Claims 1 to 12,
characterized in that it further comprises a safety system, which cuts off the power supply to the turbine (22) as soon as at least one of the two hood parts (24, 26) is removed. Extraction unit (8, 20) for all or part of an existing building rehabilitated, characterized in that it comprises: an air extraction joinery (8), of the type comprising an opening (12) and a frame (10), said frame (10) comprising a through chamber (18), and an air extraction device (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 disposed in said through chamber (18). Air extraction unit (8, 20) according to claim 14, characterized in that the air extraction joinery (8) is made of one or more material (s) selected from the group consisting of by wood, aluminum, PVC and steel. Ventilation system, for all or part of an existing building rehabilitated, characterized in that it comprises at least one air extraction unit (8, 20) according to claim 14 or 15. Ventilation system according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises at least one air inlet unit having an air inlet joinery and an air inlet device. Use of the ventilation system according to claim 16, characterized in that an air extraction unit (8, 20) is installed in at least one wet room. Use of the ventilation system according to claim 17, characterized in that an air inlet unit is installed in at least one wet room and an air inlet unit in at least one dry room.

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