EP1596012A3 - Fluid pressure operated arrangement - Google Patents
Fluid pressure operated arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1596012A3 EP1596012A3 EP05103295A EP05103295A EP1596012A3 EP 1596012 A3 EP1596012 A3 EP 1596012A3 EP 05103295 A EP05103295 A EP 05103295A EP 05103295 A EP05103295 A EP 05103295A EP 1596012 A3 EP1596012 A3 EP 1596012A3
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- line
- connection
- fluid pressure
- pressure operated
- operated arrangement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
- E02F9/2267—Valves or distributors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/422—Drive systems for bucket-arms, front-end loaders, dumpers or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
- E02F9/2271—Actuators and supports therefor and protection therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
- E02F9/2275—Hoses and supports therefor and protection therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
- F15B1/021—Installations or systems with accumulators used for damping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/003—Systems with load-holding valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/149—Fluid interconnections, e.g. fluid connectors, passages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
- F15B2211/20538—Type of pump constant capacity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
- F15B2211/3105—Neutral or centre positions
- F15B2211/3111—Neutral or centre positions the pump port being closed in the centre position, e.g. so-called closed centre
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
- F15B2211/3144—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element the positions being continuously variable, e.g. as realised by proportional valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/315—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit
- F15B2211/3157—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to a pressure source, an output member and a return line
- F15B2211/31576—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to a pressure source, an output member and a return line having a single pressure source and a single output member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
- F15B2211/327—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation electrically or electronically
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/40—Flow control
- F15B2211/45—Control of bleed-off flow, e.g. control of bypass flow to the return line
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/50—Pressure control
- F15B2211/505—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
- F15B2211/50563—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a differential pressure
- F15B2211/50581—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a differential pressure using counterbalance valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/50—Pressure control
- F15B2211/515—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit
- F15B2211/5153—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit being connected to an output member and a directional control valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/50—Pressure control
- F15B2211/52—Pressure control characterised by the type of actuation
- F15B2211/528—Pressure control characterised by the type of actuation actuated by fluid pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/50—Pressure control
- F15B2211/55—Pressure control for limiting a pressure up to a maximum pressure, e.g. by using a pressure relief valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/625—Accumulators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
Es wird eine druckmittelbetriebene Anordnung mit wenigstens einem um eine Schwenkachse (46) schwenkbar angelenkten Aktuator (36, 37), wenigstens einer Leitung (64) und wenigstens einem mit dem Aktuator (36, 37) verbundenen oder verbindbaren Anschlussteil (66) vorgeschlagen. Um auf flexible Leitungen verzichten zu können, wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Leitung (64) und das Anschlussteil (66) um die Schwenkachse (46) zueinander verschwenkbar verbindbar sind. Die Verbindung erfolgt mit einem Verbindungsmittel (68) welches zwischen Leitung (64) und Anschlussteil (66) angeordnet ist, wobei das Anschlussteil (66) und/oder die Leitung (64) als starres Bauteil oder als starre Leitung, insbesondere als Rohr ausgebildet sind. Vorzugsweise ist das Verbindungsmittel (68) als Schwenkverbindung ausgebildet. A pressure-medium-operated arrangement with at least one actuator (36, 37) pivotable about a pivot axis (46), at least one line (64) and at least one connection part (66) connected or connectable to the actuator (36, 37) is proposed. In order to dispense with flexible lines, it is proposed that the line (64) and the connecting part (66) about the pivot axis (46) are pivotally connected to each other. The connection is made with a connection means (68) which is arranged between line (64) and connection part (66), wherein the connection part (66) and / or the line (64) are formed as a rigid component or as a rigid line, in particular as a tube , Preferably, the connecting means (68) is designed as a pivot connection.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004023102A DE102004023102A1 (en) | 2004-05-11 | 2004-05-11 | Pressure medium operated arrangement |
DE102004023102 | 2004-05-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1596012A2 EP1596012A2 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
EP1596012A3 true EP1596012A3 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
Family
ID=34939462
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05103295A Withdrawn EP1596012A3 (en) | 2004-05-11 | 2005-04-22 | Fluid pressure operated arrangement |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7275475B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1596012A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102004023102A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE533414C2 (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2010-09-21 | Parker Hannifin Ab | Trunk sensor for a hydraulic device |
JP5167054B2 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2013-03-21 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Electric motorcycle |
US20120306195A1 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-06 | Caterpillar, Inc. | High Rotation Linkage Attachment for Hydraulic Lines |
CN111059093A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-24 | 湖北三江航天万山特种车辆有限公司 | Compact type vehicle-mounted oil cylinder rotating device |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3678810A (en) * | 1970-06-04 | 1972-07-25 | Ltv Electrosystems Inc | Rotational coupling |
US4767257A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1988-08-30 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Industrial robot |
JPH01177985A (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-07-14 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Multi-articulated mechanism |
DE9420227U1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-04-25 | Freimuth, Ulrich, 32549 Bad Oeynhausen | Sequence control of hydraulic cylinders |
JPH08109654A (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-04-30 | Sumitomo Constr Mach Co Ltd | Piping device for working machine of construction equipment |
WO1999039127A1 (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 1999-08-05 | Tore Wiklund | Pressurized, closed lubrication and hydraulic oil system |
JP2000170197A (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2000-06-20 | Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd | Front loader |
US20010024003A1 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-09-27 | Gerhard Huber | Actuation arrangement for movable components on vehicles |
US20020062587A1 (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2002-05-30 | Komatsu Ltd. | Hydraulically driven type working machine |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3327880A (en) * | 1965-08-09 | 1967-06-27 | Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp | Front end loader |
DE2042437A1 (en) * | 1970-08-27 | 1972-04-06 | Carl Metz GmbH, 7500 Karlruhe West | Device for supplying flussi gene and / or gaseous working media and electrical current through a rotary leadthrough |
DE2600459B2 (en) * | 1976-01-08 | 1978-04-27 | Hermann 8952 Marktoberdorf Steinbach | Pressure medium operated device for pivoting and / or lifting an output element |
DE8214246U1 (en) * | 1982-05-15 | 1983-02-17 | Lindner, Johann, 8882 Lauingen | Rotary distributor for the rotary feed-through of flowing media |
DE8702088U1 (en) * | 1987-02-11 | 1987-04-02 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG Zweigniederlassung Fahr, 7702 Gottmadingen | Loading wagon |
DE3812363C2 (en) * | 1987-04-28 | 1994-07-28 | Glyco Antriebstechnik Gmbh | Hydrostatic rotary union |
DE3725222A1 (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-02-09 | Hausherr & Soehne Rudolf | Rotary lead-through |
DE3900939A1 (en) * | 1989-01-14 | 1990-07-19 | Siegfried Pirags | Device for supplying air to air-operated units, in particular an air drive for a rail-mounted tractive machine with an air motor |
DE4111116C2 (en) * | 1991-04-03 | 1994-11-03 | Mannesmann Ag | Fluid operated rotary actuator |
DE29608422U1 (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1996-08-01 | Hut, Reinhard, 46539 Dinslaken | Pressure medium line system for pressure medium-operated, in particular hydraulic, construction machinery |
DE19648737C1 (en) | 1996-11-25 | 1998-04-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Steering device with hydraulic coupling, in particular for a motor vehicle |
DE19732868A1 (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 1999-02-04 | Linde Ag | Rotary seal for hydrostatic drive |
DE10119356B4 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2009-12-31 | Schunk Gmbh & Co. Kg Spann- Und Greiftechnik | Media feed device and swivel unit |
DE10225272B4 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2005-05-04 | Ott-Jakob Gmbh & Co Spanntechnik Kg | Rotary union |
DE10227966A1 (en) * | 2002-06-22 | 2004-01-08 | Deere & Company, Moline | Hydraulic control arrangement for a mobile machine |
-
2004
- 2004-05-11 DE DE102004023102A patent/DE102004023102A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-04-22 EP EP05103295A patent/EP1596012A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-05-05 US US11/122,503 patent/US7275475B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3678810A (en) * | 1970-06-04 | 1972-07-25 | Ltv Electrosystems Inc | Rotational coupling |
US4767257A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1988-08-30 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Industrial robot |
JPH01177985A (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-07-14 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Multi-articulated mechanism |
JPH08109654A (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-04-30 | Sumitomo Constr Mach Co Ltd | Piping device for working machine of construction equipment |
DE9420227U1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-04-25 | Freimuth, Ulrich, 32549 Bad Oeynhausen | Sequence control of hydraulic cylinders |
WO1999039127A1 (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 1999-08-05 | Tore Wiklund | Pressurized, closed lubrication and hydraulic oil system |
JP2000170197A (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2000-06-20 | Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd | Front loader |
US20010024003A1 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-09-27 | Gerhard Huber | Actuation arrangement for movable components on vehicles |
US20020062587A1 (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2002-05-30 | Komatsu Ltd. | Hydraulically driven type working machine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004023102A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
US7275475B2 (en) | 2007-10-02 |
EP1596012A2 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
US20050254933A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20080404 |