EP1590126B1 - Verfahren zum kalibrieren einer schleifmaschine - Google Patents

Verfahren zum kalibrieren einer schleifmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1590126B1
EP1590126B1 EP04706628A EP04706628A EP1590126B1 EP 1590126 B1 EP1590126 B1 EP 1590126B1 EP 04706628 A EP04706628 A EP 04706628A EP 04706628 A EP04706628 A EP 04706628A EP 1590126 B1 EP1590126 B1 EP 1590126B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
calibrating
grinding
blade
bar cutting
flank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04706628A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1590126A2 (de
Inventor
Gaetano Campisi
Manfred Knaden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Klingelnberg AG
Original Assignee
Klingelnberg AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Klingelnberg AG filed Critical Klingelnberg AG
Publication of EP1590126A2 publication Critical patent/EP1590126A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1590126B1 publication Critical patent/EP1590126B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
    • B24B3/02—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of milling cutters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
    • B24B3/34—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of turning or planing tools or tool bits, e.g. gear cutters

Definitions

  • the aforementioned calibration method has been developed for a 5 + 1 NC-axis grinder, as shown in BA, page 9, and, for ease of reference, in the appended FIGURE.
  • a grinding machine With such a grinding machine, cutting tools such as a bar blade 10 shown in the accompanying Figs. 2 and 3 are sharpened by means of a grinding wheel 12.
  • the grinding machine has a table 17 on which a carriage 18 is movable back and forth along an X-axis.
  • a column 19 is reciprocable along a Z-axis perpendicular to the X-axis.
  • a carriage 20 is further reciprocally movable along a Y-axis perpendicular to the X-axis and the Z-axis.
  • the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis form a rectangular coordinate system.
  • the grinding wheel 12 is rotatably mounted.
  • a tensioning device 21 for tensioning the blade 10 is attached.
  • the tensioning device 21 is mounted relative to the carriage 18 by a positioning axis CC and a positioning axis AA perpendicular to the positioning axis CC.
  • the X-axis, the Y-axis, the Z-axis, the positioning axis AA and the position axis CC can not only position but also drive CNC controlled trajectories.
  • the bar blade 10 has a rectangular cross-section shaft 2 and a longitudinally substantially trapezoidal end 3.
  • a rake face C At the end 3 are a rake face C, on a in Fig. 2 left flank 5 a from the rake face C to the rear side extending auxiliary free surface B, on a right in Fig. 2 flank 6 a of the rake face C to the rear extending main flank A and the top of the face a from the rake face C to the rear extending head face K formed.
  • a circumferential cutting edge 4 is formed between the secondary flank B, the top surface K, the main flank A and the rake face C a circumferential cutting edge 4 is formed.
  • shoulder surfaces A S and B S may be formed in the transition from the main flank A and the secondary flank B to the shaft 2, as shown here.
  • a curved shoulder surface C S be formed in the transition region of the rake surface C to the shaft 2, as shown here.
  • the main flank A, the side flank B and the rake face C each have a facet A F , B F and C F, respectively.
  • the facet angles are about 1 ° and are designated in the attached FIG. 3 with ⁇ AF , ⁇ BF and ⁇ CF (where ⁇ BF is not visible in FIG. 3).
  • a grinding wheel 12 is shown with which the bar blade 10 can be ground.
  • the grinding wheel 12 has an axis of rotation S, to which the grinding wheel is rotationally symmetrical.
  • the grinding wheel 12 has a circular clamping surface 13 at right angles to the rotation axis S on one end side. From the outer periphery of the clamping surface 13, there extends a tapered grinding surface Pp having a small diameter d1 and a large diameter d2, with the small diameter d1 the clamping surface 13 is located.
  • On the side with the large diameter d2 of the tapered grinding surface Pp is tangent to a radius Rs having curved grinding surface 14, which in turn merges tangentially into a cylindrical grinding surface Ps.
  • the cylindrical grinding surface Ps is adjoined tangentially by a toroidal grinding surface G, which has a circular arc-shaped cross section with a radius of curvature Rg.
  • the toroidal grinding surface G extends radially inwards and merges tangentially into a second conical surface 15 which is undercut relative to the toroidal grinding surface G.
  • the grinding wheel 12 is a diamond wheel with galvanic bonding of the diamond abrasive grains.
  • the position of the grinding wheel 12 (more precisely, its finishing edge) in the direction of the Y and Z axes are indicated in FIG. 4 by pY or by pZ.
  • the attached Figs. 5 and 6 show the tensioning device 21 in front view and in plan view, respectively.
  • the tensioning device 21 is rotatable about the positioning axis C-C and pivotable about the positioning axis A-A.
  • a left bar blade 10 is clamped, as shown, or a right bar knife.
  • the tensioning device 21 has two stop surfaces 23, 24 for left and right bar blades.
  • the described grinding wheel 12 also allows shaping grinding (roughing) and subsequent generating grinding (finishing) of the surfaces of the bar blade 10, without this having to be re-clamped.
  • the grinding wheel 12 expediently rotates about the stationary axis of rotation S, and the bar knife to be sharpened is guided under adjustment to corresponding angles on the grinding wheel 12.
  • the dual-grinding method for bar knives and a grinding wheel for carrying out the method are described in WO 02/058888 A1, to which reference is made in order to avoid repetition.
  • the purpose of the above-mentioned calibration is to determine after a change of the clamping device 21 or the grinding wheel 12 occurring deviations due to manufacturing and assembly inaccuracies and in the sharpening of bar knives both for the calculation based on nominal data and the current lstschreib the grinding machine to take into account the calibration. Calibration is also recommended after prolonged use of the grinding wheel in order to compensate for wear-related displacements (due to increased grinding forces).
  • a calibration gauge with fixed geometry is made on three surfaces for the grinding machine and delivered with the grinding machine.
  • the three surfaces are the main flank A, the minor flank B and the top surface K.
  • a calibrating blade is ground in three steps or grinding phases in the machine, in accordance with the calibration gauge.
  • the knife is clamped in the clamping device 21 with the aid of a gauge block. Then the clamping height is measured in the machine (BA, page 100, point 6).
  • the top surface K is ground and measured in the clamped state of the knife in the machine (page 103).
  • the measured value is input to the controller. It causes a correction in the Y axis (BA, page 104, point 11).
  • the bar knife 10 is ground in a horizontal position (BA, page 104, point 14).
  • the knife height is again measured in the machine (BA, page 105, item 17). Again, the measured value is entered into the control (BA, page 105, point 19).
  • the machine grinds the main flank A or flank 6 and the secondary flank B or flank 5 (BA, page 106, point 21).
  • the process is time consuming. Measuring in the machine is difficult and requires a lot of practice.
  • the grinding wheel oscillates over the top surface, representing a grinding process involved in the production process, i. does not occur when sharpening bar knives on the grinder.
  • the known method requires three steps or grinding phases, namely the first and the second grinding phase in which the top surface is ground twice to detect the Y and Z components of a defect, and a third grinding phase in which the two flanks once sanded to determine the fixture position to the CC axis.
  • the knife can not be removed from the machine during the first two steps of the measurement, as it is measured relative to the machine in these steps.
  • a jig error can therefore be determined in the known calibration method only in the third grinding phase. This means that the first and the second grinding phase can subsequently prove to be superfluous because their results can not be used at all due to an initially unrecognized clamping device error. Finally, the previous dual process calibration procedure is either too inaccurate or requires additional machinery.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned in such a way that it is easier to carry out and provides better results.
  • the procedure for calibrating a grinding machine is carried out by means of a calibrating knife, which, unlike the known method, is ground in fixed positions and subsequently measured outside the machine.
  • the measured deviations from the nominal dimensions are entered into the NC control of the grinding machine and taken into account there in a suitable manner. While grinding a production knife, this is also measured outside the machine, but a correction is made only for one axle assembly (by moving the knife). The grinding machine itself could not be calibrated by such a single correction.
  • the Kalibriermesser that is produced consists of a rectangular rod on which a top surface K and two open spaces A, B are sanded. They form with the front bar surface the knife edges, the intersections of the top edge with the flanks the knife tips.
  • the normal grinding process for making a production knife involves grinding a bar knife on the flanks and head face once completely.
  • a bar knife is completely ground at least twice and measured outside the machine after each of these two calibration cuts. Deviations are entered into the machine control, as in the known method also.
  • the grinding process of the calibrating blade is the same in the method according to the invention as in a production knife. This is why technological features in the machine are included in the grinding result.
  • the measuring process can be adapted more closely to a production process of bar knives, which is also measured on a measuring device outside the grinding machine.
  • each calibration cut contains two finishing passes, the calibrating knife is finished after two complete calibration cuts.
  • the bar blade is aligned in two axial directions forming an angle of 70 ° - 90 ° and preferably 90 ° to each other, the position of a working surface of a grinding wheel of the grinding machine with respect to these two Axial directions and the orientation of the bar blade to determine a positioning axis, so can be easily eliminated three errors in two steps.
  • the top surface, a first transition radius to the first flank and the first flank are ground, then the bar blade is rotated through 180 ° about the positioning axis and subsequently in the second sizing pass the head surface, a second transition radius to the second flank and the second flank are ground, obtained advantageously when grinding each flank at each calibration cut the bar knife a different arrangement in the grinding machine, so that a clear inference of the measured values on the calibration values is possible, and This results in a symmetrical geometry of the Kalibriermessers for calibrating. Since it is possible to change between right and left stop from the first to the second calibration cut, a total of four errors can be eliminated in two steps.
  • the bar blade is arranged to the end face of the grinding wheel, can easily determine a fault in the direction of the Y-axis, if in this embodiment, the knife is arranged frontally to the grinding wheel so that the AA axis is as parallel as possible to the Y axis and that the stop surface of the clamping device is exactly parallel to the X axis.
  • the knife is rotated by 180 ° about the CC axis with the clamping device and the same grinding process is repeated, the head face, transition radius and the second flank are now ground.
  • the grinding wheel is thereby guided rectilinearly along the edges so that the head surface is perpendicular, both flanks opposite at a predetermined angle (preferably 20 °) to the C-C axis and the blade tips receive the distances to be tested (mA and mB) to the stop surface.
  • the bar blade is rotated by 90 ° and arranged to the cylinder side of the grinding wheel by the device is rotated 90 ° about the AA axis, so that the CC axis is now parallel to the Z Axis, it is possible to determine an error in the direction of the Z-axis, otherwise the procedure is exactly the same as for the first calibration cut.
  • the positioning axis of the bar blade is inclined by the flank angle and the bar blade is completely ground in a third calibration cut on the flanks and the top surface, the measured deviation gives a third Circle point from which a deviation of the rounding radius Rg can be calculated via a program.
  • the distance to the roughing surface Ps by the further step determine by just roughing the second flank without facet angle.
  • the first flank serves as a control.
  • the evaluation is again via a program.
  • an absolutely measuring measuring device is used for measuring the geometry of the calibrating blade
  • the measurement can be tactile or optical in order to measure the deviations of the flanks or tip distances (fmA and fmB) after each grinding.
  • the evaluation can be carried out again via a program in the computer of the grinding machine.
  • a comparatively measuring device which compares the measured geometry of the Kalibriermessers with the dimensions of a Kalibrierlehre
  • the process can be accelerated because the comparison measurement usually faster and more accurate than an absolute measurement is, however requires a calibration gauge, which was previously measured accurately via an absolute measurement.
  • the calibration in the steps in which the bar knife is ground in a complete calibration grinding, the grinding is carried out under the same conditions under which bar blades are sharpened on the grinding machine, the calibration can be with the same method as grind a production knife, so that also process-related influences, in particular with the grinding forces associated displacements, are taken into account.
  • Calibration over three axes (Y, Z, C) not only adjusts the position and symmetry of the flanks on the knife, but also the grinding rate. This makes the knife insensitive to directional variations of the C-C axis. This also avoids form errors in the tip radius (due to offset of the top edges) and differences in the facet removal
  • the measured deviation (fm) is equal to the Z component (fpZ), when aligned with the Z axis it is equal to the Y component (fpY) of the position deviation.
  • fpZ the Z component
  • fpY the Y component of the position deviation.
  • the knife For the second position component, the knife must be ground again. This can also be changed to the second stop surface. Although the knife has to be ground and measured twice, this results in a very simple and effective calibration method.
  • Z position (Average) fpZ (fsB + fsA) / 2 for Y alignment (front side)
  • Y position (Average) fpY (fsB + fsA) / 2 for Z registration (Cylinder side)
  • the bar blades 10 are ground completely at least twice.
  • Each calibration cut contains two finishing passes, which will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • the bar blade 10 is arranged on the front side of the grinding wheel 12 so that the A-A axis is as parallel as possible to the Y axis and that the stop surface 23 of the clamping device 21 is exactly parallel to the X axis.
  • the head face K, a transition radius and the first flank are ground in one go.
  • the bar cutter is rotated by 180 ° about the C-C axis by means of the tensioning device 21, and the same grinding operation is repeated, so that again the head face K, another transition radius and the second flank are ground.
  • the grinding wheel 12 is thereby guided along the edges so that the head face K is perpendicular, that both flanks 5, 6 opposite to each other at a predetermined angle, preferably 20 ° to the CC axis and that the blade tips to be tested distances mA and mB to Stop surface 23 or 24 obtained.
  • the C-C axis When using a dual grinding wheel, the C-C axis must be inclined by a small angle in the inventive method for design reasons. Together with the facet removal deviation, the first calibration step produces a feedback between the Y and Z components, which can lead to a residual error (between 5% and 20% of the second component). For larger deviations, therefore, a check should be carried out with a possible recalibration. An offset of the top edges is avoided by both flanks are ground with the same axis arrangement.
  • the edges preferably receive the same facet as the production knives.
  • the fact that the top surface is ground twice with every complete cut is geometrically meaningless, but technologically necessary.
  • a large oversize must be ground off, which can lead to a form error of the head edge.
  • this error is eliminated.
  • the bar knife 10 is ground a third time, the C-C axis is inclined by the flank angle, so that the flank is now vertical.
  • the measured deviation results in a third circle point from which the radius deviation can be calculated via a program.
  • the second flank is only roughed without facet angle.
  • the first flank is for control.
  • the evaluation is again via a program.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
EP04706628A 2003-02-04 2004-01-30 Verfahren zum kalibrieren einer schleifmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP1590126B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10304430A DE10304430B3 (de) 2003-02-04 2003-02-04 Verfahren zum Kalibrieren einer Schleifmaschine
DE10304430 2003-02-04
PCT/EP2004/000887 WO2004069471A2 (de) 2003-02-04 2004-01-30 Verfahren zum kalibrieren einer schleifmaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1590126A2 EP1590126A2 (de) 2005-11-02
EP1590126B1 true EP1590126B1 (de) 2006-10-18

Family

ID=32841592

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04706628A Expired - Lifetime EP1590126B1 (de) 2003-02-04 2004-01-30 Verfahren zum kalibrieren einer schleifmaschine

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7172490B2 (es)
EP (1) EP1590126B1 (es)
JP (1) JP4857105B2 (es)
CN (1) CN1747811B (es)
AT (1) ATE342788T1 (es)
DE (2) DE10304430B3 (es)
ES (1) ES2273213T3 (es)
MX (1) MXPA05008268A (es)
WO (1) WO2004069471A2 (es)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7103441B2 (en) 2004-10-05 2006-09-05 Walter Maschinenbau Gmbh Calibration procedures and such using an erosion and grinding machine
EP1671748B1 (de) * 2004-12-16 2013-05-22 Walter Maschinenbau GmbH Kalibrierverfahren und solches nutzende Erodier- und Schleifmaschinen
JP5500579B2 (ja) * 2009-09-30 2014-05-21 株式会社ニデック 眼鏡レンズ加工装置の較正用センサユニット
KR20140017268A (ko) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-11 차인선 엔드밀 공구 제조방법
TWI681835B (zh) 2018-04-09 2020-01-11 瑞士商瑞士路勞曼迪有限公司 用於製造包含螺旋槽的工件之方法及研磨機及用於控制研磨機之程式
CN109202547B (zh) * 2018-10-10 2020-11-03 哈尔滨工业大学 一种用于大长径比内螺纹平行轴磨削的砂轮磨削方法
CN112757119A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-05-07 厦门达科塔机械有限公司 一种全自动叶片打磨机
EP4349527A1 (en) * 2022-10-06 2024-04-10 Rollomatic S.A. Method for grinding small rotary cutting tools by a grinding machine

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3881889A (en) 1973-12-27 1975-05-06 Gleason Works Method for resharpening cutting blades and cutter
DE2946648C2 (de) * 1979-11-19 1983-12-08 Klingelnberg Söhne, 5630 Remscheid Verfahren zum Profilieren und Scharfschleifen von Stabmessern
JPS6033006A (ja) * 1983-08-02 1985-02-20 Toyoda Mach Works Ltd 円筒型砥石車のツル−イング装置
JP2706420B2 (ja) * 1993-12-27 1998-01-28 村田機械株式会社 Ｎｃ工作機械の工具刃先位置補正方法及びその装置
FR2784919B1 (fr) * 1998-10-22 2001-02-09 Essilor Int Procede pour l'etalonnage d'une meuleuse pour lentille ophtalmique, et calibre d'etalonnage propre a sa mise en oeuvre
US6601434B2 (en) * 1999-12-02 2003-08-05 Thermwood Corporation System and method of calibrating a multi-toolhead machine
DE10103121A1 (de) * 2000-01-27 2001-08-02 Oerlikon Geartec Ag Zuerich Verfahren zum Schleifen von wenigstens einer Fläche an einem in der Zerspantechnik eingesetzten Schneidmesser
DE10103755C1 (de) * 2001-01-27 2002-05-16 Oerlikon Geartec Ag Zuerich Schleifscheibe zum Schleifen von stabförmigen Messern für die Herstellung von bogenverzahnten Kegel- und Hypoidrädern und zugehöriges Verfahren zum Schleifen
DE10208165C1 (de) * 2002-02-26 2003-10-02 Advanced Micro Devices Inc Verfahren, Steuerung und Vorrichtung zum Steuern des chemisch-mechanischen Polierens von Substraten
US7103441B2 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-09-05 Walter Maschinenbau Gmbh Calibration procedures and such using an erosion and grinding machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1747811A (zh) 2006-03-15
JP2006517150A (ja) 2006-07-20
WO2004069471A2 (de) 2004-08-19
DE502004001799D1 (de) 2006-11-30
DE10304430B3 (de) 2004-09-23
MXPA05008268A (es) 2006-03-21
ATE342788T1 (de) 2006-11-15
EP1590126A2 (de) 2005-11-02
US7172490B2 (en) 2007-02-06
ES2273213T3 (es) 2007-05-01
US20060240744A1 (en) 2006-10-26
CN1747811B (zh) 2010-12-01
WO2004069471A3 (de) 2004-10-21
JP4857105B2 (ja) 2012-01-18

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