Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
  • B28B17/0063—Control arrangements
  • B28B17/0081—Process control

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for producing molded concrete blocks.
• Concrete blocks are typically produced in molding machines in which a mold insert with one or more mold nests is held over a mold frame and, after the mold nests have been filled with concrete, is pressed onto a vibrating base during a vibrating process.
• control signals for readjusting machine parameters can also be derived from deviations in the measured variables from setpoints.
• Such a scheme is also known from DE 199 21 145 A1, where, for. B. Piezo electronics can serve both as an actuator during the shaking movement and as a sensor for recording movement data.
• the invention has for its object to provide an advantageous device for the production of concrete blocks, an arrangement with such a device and a sensor and a method for determining a reference parameter.
• the insertion and non-destructive release of the sensor into or out of the receptacle, preferably via a screw connection, in particular a threaded hole in the receptacle, enables the user of the mold insert to use his own measuring system and / or to use the same sensors for several different uses. possibly also from different manufacturers and / or the measurement of movement variables at other positions of the molding machine.
• the sensor can also be glued onto a surface of the mold insert belonging to the receptacle directly or with the interposition of a connecting plate, in particular a connecting plate with a threaded bore or a threaded bolt.
• the receptacle for the sensor advantageously contains a recess between the facing surfaces of the mold insert and the mold frame, which are otherwise typically carried out close to each other.
• the recess is preferably delimited on at least four sides in the main direction of an orthogonal coordinate system by surfaces of the mold insert and the mold frame. Preferred are versions in which the recess is open to the side and / or downwards.
• the dimensions of such a recess between opposing delimiting surfaces are advantageously at least 10 mm in all directions.
• Damping means in particular rubber-elastic damping plates, are preferably inserted between the mold insert and the mold frame in a manner known per se.
• the damping means are particularly advantageous between vertically spaced opposite surfaces of the mold insert and mold frame, for. B. in the form of known from DE 195 08 152 A1, interlocking projections and depressions on the mold frame and mold insert.
• a plurality of sensor receptacles are preferably arranged distributed in a plane parallel to the support plane of the mold insert on the vibrating support.
• a plurality of receptacles can advantageously be provided in the edge region of the mold insert, in or near its lateral outer wall. Positions of the receptacles which lie at a corner of the mold insert or are offset from a corner along a side surface by a distance which is at most 100 mm, in particular at most 50 mm, are preferred.
• a plurality of receptacles are arranged along the circumference of the mold insert in its edge region in a symmetrical, in particular double mirror-symmetrical distribution. If the design of the mold insert permits, at least one sensor receptacle can advantageously be spaced from the edge of the mold insert, in particular in the Area from the center and / or between two adjacent mold nests can be provided.
• a sensor receptacle contains a projection which projects horizontally from an outer wall of the mold insert and which is designed to fasten a sensor element to this projection, in particular for screw fastening.
• the projection can be designed as an extension of the outer wall of the mold insert or fastened, in particular welded, to the outer wall.
• this can include a breakthrough in the wall of the mold frame facing the mold insert, preferably at a corner of the mold insert, in particular when the mold frame is designed with a wall designed as a plate or sheet.
• the mold insert is preferably held in the mold frame in such a way that a slight relative movement is possible during the shaking process, in particular by inserting elastic elements between the mold frame and the mold insert.
• at least one motion sensor can then additionally be attached to the mold frame and the evaluation device can be set up to determine relative movements between the mold frame and mold insert, for example by forming the difference between different sensor signals.
• FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a first embodiment of a sensor holder
• 3 shows the embodiment according to FIG. 2 in an oblique view from below
• FIG. 4 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 3,
• FIG. 5 shows an embodiment analogous to FIG. 2 with a different sensor orientation
• FIG. 6 is an oblique view from below of the embodiment of FIG. 5,
• FIG. 7 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 6,
• FIG. 9 is an oblique view of the embodiment of FIG. 8,
• FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of a receptacle in position III according to FIG. 1,
• FIG. 12 is an oblique view of the embodiment of FIG. 11th
• FIG. 1 schematically shows a device with a mold insert FE with an essentially rectangular outline and with a mold frame FR encircling the mold insert in the longitudinal direction LR with longitudinal strips LL and in the transverse direction QR with transverse strips QL.
• Longitudinal strips and transverse strips of the mold frame can be designed as a one-piece mold frame or connected to one another as a built mold frame, in particular welded or screwed together.
• Flange strips MF are attached to the cross bars QL and point outwards, by means of which the mold insert in the molding machine is hold, moves and is pressed in particular on a vibrating pad during a vibrating process.
• the structure of the mold frame in detail is of secondary importance for the present invention and various designs known per se to the person skilled in the art can be used.
• the molding frame can also be provided by two cross bars without connecting longitudinal bars.
• the mold insert is typically a one-piece mold block with a substantially rectangular shape of the outer wall in plan view and with a plurality of mold nests FN separated by vertical partition walls TW.
• Different special forms are known.
• mold frame, mold insert and their releasable connection can be in different combinations.
• the following exemplary embodiments are merely to be understood as a selection from the possible and known variants.
• receptacles for sensor elements for detecting movement variables are prepared on the mold insert.
• Sensors can advantageously be detachably fastened in the receptacles, preferably by screwing and / or gluing.
• the prepared recordings make it easy for the customer or the service staff of the machine manufacturer or in particular also the manufacturer of the mold inserts and, if applicable, the mold frame, the machine is set and / or the mold insert is checked on site and in the operation of the concrete block production.
• the mold inserts are typically delivered with prepared sensor mounts, but without sensors, but can also be equipped with sensors.
• the sensor receptacles provided on the mold insert according to the invention are particularly advantageous in arrangements in which the mold insert within the mold frame can be deflected dynamically to a small extent from a rest position, in particular during the shaking process.
• elastic, in particular rubber-elastic damping means are preferably inserted between the mold frame and the mold insert.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically preferred positions of the sensor receptacles provided according to the invention on the mold insert.
• a first group of such positions marked with I is provided in the region of the outer wall of the mold insert on the long sides.
• at least two sensor receptacles are provided spatially distributed at positions symmetrically located with respect to a central plane parallel to the longitudinal direction LR or transverse direction QR, preferably four receptacles in positions symmetrical to both central planes.
• the recordings of such a group are preferably all in one plane.
• the horizontal distances DL of the sensor positions from the corners EE of the mold insert in the longitudinal direction LR are advantageously a maximum of 100 mm, in particular a maximum of 50 mm.
• Another, second group of positions marked II for sensor receptacles is provided in the area of the outer wall of the mold insert on the transverse sides. Particularly advantageous configurations can be found here the first group of positions I can be provided in an analogous manner. Reference is made to the above explanations regarding items I.
• the first group of positions I and the second group of positions II are typically prepared alternatively or occupied by sensor receptacles.
• sensor receptacles can also be provided both at positions I and II at one and the same mold insert.
• sensor receptacles can also be formed at other positions in the region of the outer wall, in particular in the center of the side. Positions close to the corner are preferred.
• Sensor recordings of a group are preferably within a horizontal plane, i. H. arranged at the same distance from the lower support level of the mold insert.
• sensor receptacles can also be provided within the enclosed field between adjacent mold nests, which are exemplified in FIG. 1 as positions III, in particular a position at the intersection of the central plane parallel to LR and QR or at the intersection the diagonal of the mold insert is preferred.
• a conduit leading from the sensor receptacle to the outer wall of the mold insert e.g. B. in the form of double-walled partitions.
• the conduit can be prepared for the insertion of an electrical connection line as required, but can also permanently contain such a connection line between a receptacle-side and an outer-wall connection.
• FIG. 2 shows a sensor receptacle in a particularly advantageous manner in a horizontal viewing direction along a long side or in particular a transverse side.
• the detachable connection between a mold insert FED and a mold frame FRD An oblique view from below of FIG. 2 is sketched in FIG. 3.
• a relief structure HR is formed on an outer wall of the mold insert FED in the form of a projection horizontally directed away from the mold nests FN over at least part of the length of the side wall.
• the protrusion forms a horizontal profile along the outer wall.
• the relief has, in particular, an upward-facing contact surface, preferably tilted obliquely against the horizontal, which is opposed by a parallel, downward-facing counter surface of a counter-relief GR in the form frame FRD.
• the counter-relief forms a recess in the mold frame, which can run back onto the mold insert below the counter surface.
• the projection HR in the sketched example is approximately triangular in cross section and the counter-relief follows this contour in the form of a recess in the mold frame which is also approximately triangular in cross section.
• Damping means DM preferably made of elastic, in particular rubber-elastic material, can advantageously be inserted between mutually opposing surfaces of projection and depression.
• the mold insert FED projects downward beyond the mold frame and can be pressed onto the support surface AF of a vibrating plate or the like by means of the mold frame.
• a holding projection HV which is preferably part of the holding profile HR and in particular can be formed on a longitudinal end of this profile, also protrudes from the outer wall of the mold insert into the recess of the mold frame, but does not fill it.
• the holding projection contains a sensor contact surface SF, which preferably points downward, and a receiving bore GB, which can also be a threaded bore, for releasably fastening a sensor element SE in a rigid mechanical connection with the mold insert.
• the holding projection HV is shown in the example savings AR on the profile HR at one corner EE end of this profile made from this.
• the holding projection HV can also be designed to be detached from the profile HR.
• a recess AG can advantageously be provided in the lower part of the counter-relief below the holding projection HV, which space for the housing of the sensor element attached to the mold insert and / or for an electrical connecting cable between the sensor and the measuring or evaluation device.
• the receptacle for the sensor element SE contains both the receptacle bore GB and the insert-side recess AR and the frame-side recess AG, which together form a recess AU between the mold frame and the mold insert.
• the cutout AU is limited in an orthogonal coordinate system, in particular with axes in the longitudinal direction LR, transverse direction QR and in the normal direction ZR of the support surface AF, in five main directions by surfaces of the mold insert FED and the mold frame FRD, the dimensions of the mount AU delimiting between opposing ones Areas in all directions, in the example horizontally, is at least 10 mm.
• the cutout AU is limited at the top by the sensor contact surface of the projection HV and open at the bottom.
• An electrical lead ZL to the sensor element SE can, for. B. below the mold frame to the outside to an evaluation device not shown.
• the feed line can also advantageously be routed through a cable duct KK of the mold frame as outlined, which, deviating from the sketch, can also be led downward can be open in the form of a groove.
• a hole SB is also advantageously provided in the extension of the mounting hole GB, through which a screw, nut or the like can be inserted and tightened for fastening the sensor element without the mold insert and the frame having to be detached from one another.
• FIGS. 5 to 7 a variant is sketched in views analogous to FIGS. 2 to 4, which differs from the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 4 essentially by a different fastening of the sensor element to the mold insert FED and otherwise largely adopted the design features of the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 4.
• the sensor element SE is inserted here rotated by 90 ° relative to FIG. 2 and fastened to a vertical surface of the mold insert, an embodiment being selected for the fastening in which a connecting plate VP is fastened, in particular glued, to the surface of the mold insert and one Threaded bolt carries, on which the sensor element is screwed.
• the 90 °. rotated alignment enables the detection of other directional components of the movement of the mold insert, in particular in the preferred sensor elements with one-dimensional movement detection.
• FIG. 8 shows a side view of a section of a side wall of a mold frame FRN, over which a mold insert FEN projects downwards and lies on the contact surface AF of a vibrating table or the like.
• FIG. 9 shows a view of FIG. 8 obliquely from below
• FIG. 10 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 9.
• the molding frame can contain, for example, a horizontal upper plate OP and a vertical side plate SP, which, for. B. welded together or, as outlined, can be made in one piece as a folded plate and in the sketched example also by a horizontal lower plate section UP can be added.
• a cover sheet DB is additionally attached to the molding frame in the customary manner.
• An opening AN is left in the side wall.
• a holding projection which is firmly connected to the outer wall of the mold insert FEN, projects through this opening, for example as sketched here in the form of a holding body AH welded to the outer wall of the mold insert FEN, which in the sketched example is designed as a hollow body open at the bottom and has both horizontal and vertical contact surfaces for the attachment of a sensor element in different orientations.
• the hollow body shape is particularly inherently rigid, so that the sensor element reliably detects the movement behavior of the mold insert.
• the holding body can also be designed as an angle or plate projecting from the outer wall surface of the mold insert FEN.
• the attachment of a sensor element can be inside or outside the hollow body, eg. B.
• the holding body can also be designed in the manner of the connecting plate VP according to FIG. 5.
• the opening AN in the side wall SP of the molding frame FRN can also be open at the bottom in the form of an incision from the lower edge of the side wall panel, in particular when the molding frame is constructed without a bottom panel.
• the mold insert and the mold frame are detachably coupled in the sketches according to FIGS. 8 to 10 by means of a tongue and groove connection, grooves NE and NF being milled into the mutually facing vertical surfaces of the mold insert and the mold frame, and a tongue EF, preferably made of metal or is made of an elastic material.
• FIG. 11 shows an embodiment for attaching a sensor element between adjacent form nests FNA, FNB.
• the partition between the two Mold nests are designed here with two shells with partial walls TWA, TWB, which are predominantly close to one another, but have a cutout AUT in a receiving area, into which a sensor element can be inserted and fastened.
• the attachment can e.g. B. according to one of the types described, in particular using an adhesive.
• An electrical lead ZL to the sensor element SE can, for. B. advantageously be guided by a cable channel KT designed as a groove in one of the two part walls.
• the cutout AUT can be open at the bottom, in which case a one-piece partition can also be provided instead of the partial walls TWA, TWB, but is preferably closed on all sides for protection against contamination.
• a sensor receptacle between adjacent mold nests can also advantageously be designed in such a way that the cross sections of the mold nests do not add up to a surface that extends through to partitions, and in a section with surface sections with horizontally further spaced boundary walls of adjacent mold nests, as in FIG a cavity FZ in which a sensor element SE can be arranged is recessed in two adjacent mold nests FNC, FND and boundary walls TWC, TWD.
• the cavity FZ is protected at the top by a cover DP against the penetration of concrete mass.
• cable routing devices KF, z. B. in the form of wall openings, recesses, holes, grooves etc. provided.
• Cable guides or cable holders for the connecting cables to the sensor elements can advantageously be provided on the molding frame in order to protect them against damage by means of defined guidance.
• Sensors can also be provided on the mold frame, preferably at positions corresponding to FIG. 1, which advantageously makes differential measurements can be made between the movements of the mold frame and mold insert with the mold insert elastically mounted in the mold frame.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
• Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
• Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
• Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
• Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
• Revetment (AREA)
• Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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Family Cites Families (17)

• 2002
  • 2002-12-20 DE DE20219768U patent/DE20219768U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2003
  • 2003-11-20 US US10/538,996 patent/US7293977B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-11-20 EP EP03789060A patent/EP1578573B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-11-20 AT AT03789060T patent/ATE406987T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-11-20 DE DE50310452T patent/DE50310452D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-11-20 CA CA2508201A patent/CA2508201C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-11-20 AU AU2003293706A patent/AU2003293706A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-11-20 WO PCT/EP2003/012978 patent/WO2004058468A1/fr active IP Right Grant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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