Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
  • F16J15/00—Sealings
  • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
  • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
  • F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
  • F16J15/12—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
  • F16J15/121—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement
  • F16J15/122—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement generally parallel to the surfaces
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/02—Details
  • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
  • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
  • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
  • H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
  • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
  • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/02—Details
  • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
  • H01M8/028—Sealing means characterised by their material
  • H01M8/0282—Inorganic material
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

• the invention relates to a high temperature resistant seal, in particular a seal for use in a high temperature fuel cell.
• Such high-temperature-resistant components include components for gas turbines or high-temperature fuel cells.
• High-temperature fuel cell is the high-temperature fuel cell with solid electrolyte (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)), whose operating temperature can be up to 1000 ° C. On the cathode one
• SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
• High-temperature fuel cells form oxygen ions in the presence of the oxidizing agent.
• the oxygen ions diffuse through the electrolyte and recombine on the anode side with the hydrogen from the fuel to form water. With the recombination, electrons are released and electrical energy is generated from the fuel cell via this electrical current.
• Several fuel cells are usually electrically and mechanically connected to one another in order to achieve high electrical outputs by connecting elements, also called interconnectors or bipolar plates. Bipolar plates are used to create stacked fuel cells that are electrically connected in series. This arrangement is called a fuel cell stack.
• the fuel cell stacks consist of the interconnectors and the electrode-electrolyte units.
• This problem also affects the glass solders frequently used in fuel cells, which are intended to ensure the tightness of the fuel cells within a stack.
• the object of the invention is to provide a high-temperature-resistant seal that enables a long-term stable seal between components with different coefficients of thermal expansion and optionally also allows electrical contacting between the components.
• the seal according to claim 1 comprises a structured metallic layer with at least one area, on the surface of which a filler is arranged.
• the metallic structured layer forms the load-bearing structure of this seal and can consist, for example, of an embossed or stamped metal foil or else of embossed metal structures, in particular hollow profiles.
• high temperature-resistant, ie highly heat-resistant metallic alloys such as iron-chromium alloys, nickel-based alloys or also cobalt-based alloys can be used.
• alloys are suitable which are protected against corrosion by their aluminum content, ie lead to the formation of a thin, dense Al 2 O 3 oxide layer at high temperatures.
• the Al 2 O 3 layer formed is of sufficient thickness, it has an electrically insulating effect.
• austenitic materials are preferably used as the metallic layer since they have a sufficiently high creep resistance.
• the elastic behavior of this metallic layer is determined in particular by the profile geometry of the layer (flank angle, radius, number of waves,
• the metallic layer of the seal according to the invention has at least one area on which a filler is arranged.
• a filler is arranged.
• clay minerals or ceramic powders are used as fillers. Due to their plate-like structure, the clay minerals have elastic resilience when subjected to pressure. Suitable clay minerals are especially mica. These leaves often shimmer and shine silvery or golden, which is why they have often been mistaken for valuable minerals.
• mica is used as an insulating material. This property is advantageous here because the filler can also take over the electrical insulation. Its weathering products are found in the clay and are important for ceramic production.
• Suitable, non-conductive ceramic fillers are oxide ceramics based on Al 2 0 3 , Zr0 2 / MgO, Ti0 2 , Cr 2 0 3 or Si0 2 and their combination in composite materials.
• the filler advantageously has elastic high-temperature behavior below 1000 ° C. This means that the filler does not change its thermomechanical properties over a long period of time, even at operating temperatures.
• the seal according to the invention regularly fulfills its function with a suitable load even with thermal cycling in a temperature range from room temperature to 1000 ° C.
• Embodiments of the seal according to the invention provide fillers both only on one side and on both sides of the structured metallic layer. Depending on the amount of filler applied, the stiffness of the metallic layer or the film, and thus the entire seal, changes. An arrangement on both sides with filler regularly leads to a stiffer seal.
• the filler is advantageously arranged in the wave troughs. In this way, the sealing effect of the metallic is combined
• the filler itself is generally non-conductive. In the case of a seal with simultaneous electrical contact, care must therefore be taken that the filler is not arranged between the metallic layer and the component to be sealed, since otherwise the components to be sealed are insulated.
• a further embodiment of the seal according to the invention provides a hollow profile as a metallic layer, in the cavity of which the filler is arranged.
• Fig. 1 Embodiment of the seal with a corrugated metal foil and filler arranged on both sides.
• Fig. 2 Embodiment of the seal with a corrugated metal foil and filler arranged on one side.
• Fig. 4 embodiment of the seal with two metallic layers that form a hollow profile, and filler arranged therein
• thermomechanical properties of this seal are influenced by the height of the seal, the number of shafts and the inclination of the flanks. At least one shaft with two contact lines (wave troughs) on the first component and one contact line (wave crest) on the second component is necessary for a seal between two components 3. The higher the number of contact lines, the better the seal. On the other hand, the elasticity of the seal is regularly reduced by a large number of contact lines and by steeper flanks in a shaft. A person skilled in the art will therefore select a suitable selection of the profile geometry parameters for a given problem.
• FIG. 2 shows a similar embodiment of the seal according to the invention.
• this has the filler applied only on one side of the metallic layer.
• the rigidity of the seal can be reduced, and the elasticity can thereby advantageously be increased.
• the metallic layer of the seal forms a sufficiently thick Al 2 0 3 layer, electrical insulation of the components to be sealed can be achieved at the same time. This is regularly the case, in particular, when the seal is used in a high-temperature fuel cell. With a suitable choice of material for the metallic layer, however, electrical conduction can also be effected via the seal. Further configurations of the seal according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
• Corrugated profile made of an embossed metal foil made of an austenitic nickel-based alloy
• Film thickness 0.030 to 0.6 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.2 mm,
• Flank angle 20 to 50 °, preferably 30 °
• profile height 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 1 mm
• Number of wave profiles 1 to 4, preferably 2.
• Film thickness 0.030 to 0.6 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.2 mm, Flank angle: 30 to 50 °, preferably 45 °, profile height: 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 1 mm, number of corrugated profiles: 1 to 2, preferably 1

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Fuel Cell (AREA)
• Gasket Seals (AREA)
• Sealing Material Composition (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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• 2002
  • 2002-08-09 DE DE10236731A patent/DE10236731A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-09-07 AU AU2002336055A patent/AU2002336055B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2002-09-07 JP JP2003535280A patent/JP2005511795A/ja active Pending
  • 2002-09-07 WO PCT/DE2002/003323 patent/WO2003032420A2/de not_active Ceased
  • 2002-09-07 EP EP02769929A patent/EP1576685A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-09-07 US US10/490,662 patent/US7252902B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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