EP1576685A2 - High-temperature resistant seal - Google Patents
High-temperature resistant sealInfo
- Publication number
- EP1576685A2 EP1576685A2 EP02769929A EP02769929A EP1576685A2 EP 1576685 A2 EP1576685 A2 EP 1576685A2 EP 02769929 A EP02769929 A EP 02769929A EP 02769929 A EP02769929 A EP 02769929A EP 1576685 A2 EP1576685 A2 EP 1576685A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filler
- seal
- metallic layer
- temperature resistant
- resistant seal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
- F16J15/12—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
- F16J15/121—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement
- F16J15/122—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement generally parallel to the surfaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/028—Sealing means characterised by their material
- H01M8/0282—Inorganic material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high temperature resistant seal, in particular a seal for use in a high temperature fuel cell.
- Such high-temperature-resistant components include components for gas turbines or high-temperature fuel cells.
- High-temperature fuel cell is the high-temperature fuel cell with solid electrolyte (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)), whose operating temperature can be up to 1000 ° C. On the cathode one
- SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- High-temperature fuel cells form oxygen ions in the presence of the oxidizing agent.
- the oxygen ions diffuse through the electrolyte and recombine on the anode side with the hydrogen from the fuel to form water. With the recombination, electrons are released and electrical energy is generated from the fuel cell via this electrical current.
- Several fuel cells are usually electrically and mechanically connected to one another in order to achieve high electrical outputs by connecting elements, also called interconnectors or bipolar plates. Bipolar plates are used to create stacked fuel cells that are electrically connected in series. This arrangement is called a fuel cell stack.
- the fuel cell stacks consist of the interconnectors and the electrode-electrolyte units.
- This problem also affects the glass solders frequently used in fuel cells, which are intended to ensure the tightness of the fuel cells within a stack.
- the object of the invention is to provide a high-temperature-resistant seal that enables a long-term stable seal between components with different coefficients of thermal expansion and optionally also allows electrical contacting between the components.
- the seal according to claim 1 comprises a structured metallic layer with at least one area, on the surface of which a filler is arranged.
- the metallic structured layer forms the load-bearing structure of this seal and can consist, for example, of an embossed or stamped metal foil or else of embossed metal structures, in particular hollow profiles.
- high temperature-resistant, ie highly heat-resistant metallic alloys such as iron-chromium alloys, nickel-based alloys or also cobalt-based alloys can be used.
- alloys are suitable which are protected against corrosion by their aluminum content, ie lead to the formation of a thin, dense Al 2 O 3 oxide layer at high temperatures.
- the Al 2 O 3 layer formed is of sufficient thickness, it has an electrically insulating effect.
- austenitic materials are preferably used as the metallic layer since they have a sufficiently high creep resistance.
- the elastic behavior of this metallic layer is determined in particular by the profile geometry of the layer (flank angle, radius, number of waves,
- the metallic layer of the seal according to the invention has at least one area on which a filler is arranged.
- a filler is arranged.
- clay minerals or ceramic powders are used as fillers. Due to their plate-like structure, the clay minerals have elastic resilience when subjected to pressure. Suitable clay minerals are especially mica. These leaves often shimmer and shine silvery or golden, which is why they have often been mistaken for valuable minerals.
- mica is used as an insulating material. This property is advantageous here because the filler can also take over the electrical insulation. Its weathering products are found in the clay and are important for ceramic production.
- Suitable, non-conductive ceramic fillers are oxide ceramics based on Al 2 0 3 , Zr0 2 / MgO, Ti0 2 , Cr 2 0 3 or Si0 2 and their combination in composite materials.
- the filler advantageously has elastic high-temperature behavior below 1000 ° C. This means that the filler does not change its thermomechanical properties over a long period of time, even at operating temperatures.
- the seal according to the invention regularly fulfills its function with a suitable load even with thermal cycling in a temperature range from room temperature to 1000 ° C.
- Embodiments of the seal according to the invention provide fillers both only on one side and on both sides of the structured metallic layer. Depending on the amount of filler applied, the stiffness of the metallic layer or the film, and thus the entire seal, changes. An arrangement on both sides with filler regularly leads to a stiffer seal.
- the filler is advantageously arranged in the wave troughs. In this way, the sealing effect of the metallic is combined
- the filler itself is generally non-conductive. In the case of a seal with simultaneous electrical contact, care must therefore be taken that the filler is not arranged between the metallic layer and the component to be sealed, since otherwise the components to be sealed are insulated.
- a further embodiment of the seal according to the invention provides a hollow profile as a metallic layer, in the cavity of which the filler is arranged.
- Fig. 1 Embodiment of the seal with a corrugated metal foil and filler arranged on both sides.
- Fig. 2 Embodiment of the seal with a corrugated metal foil and filler arranged on one side.
- Fig. 4 embodiment of the seal with two metallic layers that form a hollow profile, and filler arranged therein
- thermomechanical properties of this seal are influenced by the height of the seal, the number of shafts and the inclination of the flanks. At least one shaft with two contact lines (wave troughs) on the first component and one contact line (wave crest) on the second component is necessary for a seal between two components 3. The higher the number of contact lines, the better the seal. On the other hand, the elasticity of the seal is regularly reduced by a large number of contact lines and by steeper flanks in a shaft. A person skilled in the art will therefore select a suitable selection of the profile geometry parameters for a given problem.
- FIG. 2 shows a similar embodiment of the seal according to the invention.
- this has the filler applied only on one side of the metallic layer.
- the rigidity of the seal can be reduced, and the elasticity can thereby advantageously be increased.
- the metallic layer of the seal forms a sufficiently thick Al 2 0 3 layer, electrical insulation of the components to be sealed can be achieved at the same time. This is regularly the case, in particular, when the seal is used in a high-temperature fuel cell. With a suitable choice of material for the metallic layer, however, electrical conduction can also be effected via the seal. Further configurations of the seal according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- Corrugated profile made of an embossed metal foil made of an austenitic nickel-based alloy
- Film thickness 0.030 to 0.6 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.2 mm,
- Flank angle 20 to 50 °, preferably 30 °
- profile height 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 1 mm
- Number of wave profiles 1 to 4, preferably 2.
- Film thickness 0.030 to 0.6 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.2 mm, Flank angle: 30 to 50 °, preferably 45 °, profile height: 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 1 mm, number of corrugated profiles: 1 to 2, preferably 1
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10148141 | 2001-09-28 | ||
DE10148141 | 2001-09-28 | ||
DE10236731 | 2002-08-09 | ||
DE10236731A DE10236731A1 (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2002-08-09 | High temperature resistant seal |
PCT/DE2002/003323 WO2003032420A2 (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2002-09-07 | High-temperature resistant seal |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1576685A2 true EP1576685A2 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
Family
ID=26010257
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02769929A Withdrawn EP1576685A2 (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2002-09-07 | High-temperature resistant seal |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7252902B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1576685A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005511795A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002336055B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10236731A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003032420A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7222406B2 (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2007-05-29 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Methods for making a multi-layer seal for electrochemical devices |
WO2004010523A2 (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2004-01-29 | Global Thermoelectric Inc. | High temperature gas seals |
DE10358458B4 (en) * | 2003-12-13 | 2010-03-18 | Elringklinger Ag | Fuel cell stack and method of manufacturing a fuel cell stack |
FR2867903B1 (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2008-10-03 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | SOLID ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL WITH SEALED STRUCTURE |
JP4389718B2 (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2009-12-24 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Insulating seal structure and fuel cell |
NL1026861C2 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-02-24 | Stichting Energie | SOFC stack concept. |
US8672330B2 (en) | 2006-01-17 | 2014-03-18 | Alfred Jung | Sealing arrangement |
US7708842B2 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2010-05-04 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Metal gasket |
KR101466044B1 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2014-11-27 | 페더럴-모걸 코오포레이숀 | Metal gasket |
US20080260455A1 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-23 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Composite Seal |
JP4918462B2 (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2012-04-18 | 日本ピラー工業株式会社 | gasket |
JP4918460B2 (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2012-04-18 | 日本ピラー工業株式会社 | gasket |
JP4918461B2 (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2012-04-18 | 日本ピラー工業株式会社 | gasket |
US8382122B2 (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2013-02-26 | Nippon Pillar Packing Co., Ltd. | Gasket |
FR2925140B1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2010-02-19 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | SUPERPLASTIC SEAL, PREFERABLY FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL SYSTEM |
US8206087B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2012-06-26 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Sealing arrangement for turbine engine having ceramic components |
US20090311570A1 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2009-12-17 | Battelle Memorial Institute | SOFC Double Seal with Dimensional Control for Superior Thermal Cycle Stability |
US8268504B2 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2012-09-18 | General Electric Company | Thermomechanical sealing of interconnect manifolds in fuel cell stacks |
US8304122B2 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2012-11-06 | Protonex Technology Corporation | Solid oxide fuel cell systems with hot zones having improved reactant distribution |
FR2951517B1 (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-12-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | SEAL SEAL BETWEEN TWO ELEMENTS WITH DIFFERENT THERMAL EXPANSION COEFFICIENTS |
US20130101915A1 (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2013-04-25 | Utc Power Corporation | Composite seal for fuel cells, process of manufacture, and fuel cell stack using same |
CN102537345B (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2015-09-09 | 秦皇岛秦冶重工有限公司 | A kind of metal-coated sealing ring |
US8678754B2 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2014-03-25 | General Electric Company | Assembly for preventing fluid flow |
US20120211943A1 (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-08-23 | General Electric Company | Sealing device and method for providing a seal in a turbine system |
FR2974401B1 (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2013-06-14 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METALLIC SEAL SEAL WITH CERAMIC WAVE |
EP2733777B1 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2014-12-17 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Seal between metal and ceramic conduits |
US10109867B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2018-10-23 | Upstart Power, Inc. | Solid oxide fuel cell with flexible fuel rod support structure |
US9416675B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2016-08-16 | General Electric Company | Sealing device for providing a seal in a turbomachine |
EP3204975A4 (en) | 2014-10-07 | 2018-11-21 | Protonex Technology Corporation | Sofc-conduction |
US10099290B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2018-10-16 | General Electric Company | Hybrid additive manufacturing methods using hybrid additively manufactured features for hybrid components |
JP2017078437A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-27 | ニッタ株式会社 | Foreign matter invasion preventing wall |
CA3040431C (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2023-02-28 | Upstart Power, Inc. | Fuel reformer system |
US10790523B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2020-09-29 | Upstart Power, Inc. | CPOX reactor control system and method |
WO2018031742A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2018-02-15 | Protonex Technology Corporation | Planar solid oxide fuel unit cell and stack |
Family Cites Families (18)
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JPS63125861A (en) * | 1986-11-14 | 1988-05-30 | Koichi Maruyama | Seal structure |
US4830698A (en) * | 1988-04-20 | 1989-05-16 | Fel-Pro Incorporated | Method of forming a gasket with enhanced sealing characteristics |
US5080934A (en) * | 1990-01-19 | 1992-01-14 | Avco Corporation | Process for making abradable hybrid ceramic wall structures |
JPH06231784A (en) * | 1992-09-01 | 1994-08-19 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Solid electrolyte type fuel cell |
DE4325224A1 (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1995-02-02 | Goetze Ag | Spiral-ring gasket |
DE4335224A1 (en) | 1993-10-15 | 1995-04-20 | Leybold Ag | Process for the production of optical layers |
BE1006102A6 (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1994-05-10 | Royale Asturienne Des Mines S | Spiral joint |
US5532073A (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1996-07-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Fuel cell |
US6092811A (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 2000-07-25 | Jamco Products, Llc | Hybrid gasket |
DE19735854C2 (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 2002-08-01 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Current collector for a fuel cell and method for its production |
JP3809491B2 (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 2006-08-16 | アイシン高丘株式会社 | Fuel cell separator |
DE69940420D1 (en) * | 1998-12-15 | 2009-04-02 | Topsoe Fuel Cell As | Heat-resistant sealing material |
US6302402B1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-10-16 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Compliant high temperature seals for dissimilar materials |
US6777126B1 (en) * | 1999-11-16 | 2004-08-17 | Gencell Corporation | Fuel cell bipolar separator plate and current collector assembly and method of manufacture |
JP2001271937A (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-10-05 | Nippon Gasket Co Ltd | Metal gasket |
JP2002013640A (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-18 | Uchiyama Mfg Corp | Cylinder head gasket |
DE10044703B4 (en) * | 2000-09-09 | 2013-10-17 | Elringklinger Ag | Fuel cell unit, fuel cell block assembly and method for producing a fuel cell block assembly |
US6852439B2 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2005-02-08 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Apparatus for and method of forming seals in fuel cells and fuel cell stacks |
-
2002
- 2002-08-09 DE DE10236731A patent/DE10236731A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-09-07 AU AU2002336055A patent/AU2002336055B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-09-07 US US10/490,662 patent/US7252902B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-07 EP EP02769929A patent/EP1576685A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-09-07 WO PCT/DE2002/003323 patent/WO2003032420A2/en active Application Filing
- 2002-09-07 JP JP2003535280A patent/JP2005511795A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03032420A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005511795A (en) | 2005-04-28 |
US7252902B2 (en) | 2007-08-07 |
WO2003032420A2 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
WO2003032420A3 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
AU2002336055B2 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
DE10236731A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 |
US20040195782A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
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