DE102021109158A1 - Electrochemical reaction cell stack - Google Patents

Abstract

[Task] The task is to prevent gas flow in a fuel chamber from being obstructed while preventing an electrochemical reaction cell stack from deteriorating in performance due to deformation of a separator. [Solvent] An electrochemical reaction cell stack is composed of a plurality of electrochemical reaction units which are arranged side by side in a first direction. The unit comprises a single cell and a separator. The stack includes: a first manifold that introduces a gas into the fuel chamber; a second manifold that discharges a gas from the fuel chamber; a first connection channel connecting the first manifold to the fuel chamber; and a second connection channel connecting the second manifold to the fuel chamber. The unit is also provided with a gas flow element. The gas throughflow element is arranged between the individual cell and at least one of the first and second connecting channels, as seen from the first direction. The gas flow element has bores and / or grooves through which gas flows.

Description

[Technical area]

The technique disclosed by the present specification relates to an electrochemical reaction cell stack.

[Technical background]

Solid oxide fuel cells (hereinafter referred to as “SOFCs”) are known as a type of fuel cell that uses the electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. SOFCs are generally used in the form of a fuel cell stack, wherein a plurality of structural elements (hereinafter referred to as “power generation units”) are arranged side by side in a predetermined direction (hereinafter referred to as “first direction”). Each power generation unit includes a single cell of a fuel cell (hereinafter simply referred to as “single cell”) and a separator for a single cell. Each individual cell is provided with an electrolyte layer containing solid oxide, as well as a cathode and an anode, which are opposite each other in the predetermined direction along the electrolyte layer. The separator for a single cell has a through hole, a section of the separator for a single cell surrounding the through hole being connected to an edge region of the single cell. The thus formed separator for a single cell separates an air chamber, which faces the cathode of the single cell, and a fuel chamber, which faces the anode, from one another.

• - einen Manifold, der ein Gas (z. B. Gas, das Wasserstoff o. ä. enthält) in die Brennstoffkammer jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit einleitet (nachstehend als „erster Manifold“ bezeichnet);
• - einen weiteren Manifold, der ein Gas von der Brennstoffkammer jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit ableitet (nachstehend als „zweiter Manifold“ bezeichnet)
• - einen Verbindungskanal, der den ersten Manifold mit der Brennstoffkammer jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit verbindet (nachstehend als „erster Verbindungskanal“ bezeichnet); und
• - einen Verbindungskanal, der den zweiten Manifold mit der Brennstoffkammer jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit verbindet (nachstehend als „zweiter Verbindungskanal“ bezeichnet).

The fuel cell stack also has the following components:

• - a manifold that introduces a gas (e.g. gas containing hydrogen or the like) into the fuel chamber of each power generation unit (hereinafter referred to as the “first manifold”);
• - Another manifold that discharges a gas from the fuel chamber of each power generation unit (hereinafter referred to as the "second manifold")
• a connection duct connecting the first manifold to the fuel chamber of each power generation unit (hereinafter referred to as “first connection duct”); and
• - a connecting duct connecting the second manifold to the fuel chamber of each power generation unit (hereinafter referred to as the “second connecting duct”).

The gas introduced into the first manifold from outside the fuel cell stack is supplied to each power generation unit through the respective first connection channel of the fuel chamber and is made available for the power generation reaction in the individual cell. Thereafter, the gas in the fuel chamber of each power generation unit is discharged into the second manifold through the respective second connection passage and discharged to the outside of the fuel cell stack through the second manifold (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[Prior Art Document]

[Patent document]

[Patent Document 1]

JP 2016-062655 A

[Summary of the invention]

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the construction of the conventional fuel cell stack, there is a difference between the gas pressure in the fuel chamber and the gas pressure in the air chamber during power generation operation. For example, the gas pressure in the air chamber is higher than the gas pressure in the fuel chamber. In the construction of the conventional fuel cell stack, there is therefore a risk that the separator for a single cell, which separates the fuel chamber and the air chamber from each other, is subject to mechanical stress due to the gas pressure difference between the fuel chamber and the air chamber, and a section of the separator for a single cell that separates is not supported by the single cell or other structural elements (ie a portion that can be deformed relatively easily), is deformed. If such a deformation occurs at a point on the separator for a single cell between the first connection channel and the single cell or between the second connection channel and the single cell, viewed from the first direction, there is a risk that the gas flow between the respective manifold and the fuel chamber or the air chamber is obstructed and the performance of the fuel cell stack deteriorates.

This problem also occurs with electrolytic cell stacks with multiple electrolytic cell units, which are structural elements of a solid oxide electrolytic cell (hereinafter referred to as “SOECs”) that generates hydrogen using the electrolysis reaction of water. In the present description, the single cell of a fuel cell and the electrolytic single cell are collectively referred to as an electrochemical reaction single cell, the The power generation unit of a fuel cell and the electrolytic cell unit are collectively referred to as an electrochemical reaction unit, and the fuel cell stack and the electrolytic cell stack are collectively referred to as an electrochemical reaction cell stack. This problem occurs not only with SOFCs and SOECs, but also with other types of electrochemical reaction cell stacks.

The present specification discloses a technique that can achieve the above-mentioned object.

[Means of solving the task]

The technique disclosed in the present specification can e.g. B. can be carried out in the following forms.

• - eine Einzelzelle mit
  • - einer Elektrolytschicht,
  • - einer Kathode, die auf einer Seite in der ersten Richtung in Bezug auf die Elektrolytschicht angeordnet ist, und
  • - einer Anode, die auf einer anderen Seite in der ersten Richtung in Bezug auf die Elektrolytschicht angeordnet ist; sowie
• - einen ersten Separator mit einer Durchgangsbohrung, wobei ein die Durchgangsbohrung umgebender Abschnitt mit einem Randbereich der Einzelzelle verbunden ist, um eine der Kathode zugewandte Luftkammer und eine der Anode zugewandte Brennstoffkammer voneinander abzutrennen, wobei der elektrochemische Reaktionszellenstapel die folgenden Bauelemente aufweist:
• - einen ersten Manifold, der ein Gas in die Brennstoffkammer jeder elektrochemischen Reaktionseinheit einleitet;
• - einen zweiten Manifold, der ein Gas von der Brennstoffkammer jeder elektrochemischen Reaktionseinheit ableitet;
• - einen ersten Verbindungskanal, der den ersten Manifold mit der Brennstoffkammer jeder elektrochemischen Reaktionseinheit verbindet; und
• - einen zweiten Verbindungskanal, der den zweiten Manifold mit der Brennstoffkammer jeder elektrochemischen Reaktionseinheit verbindet.

(1) The electrochemical reaction cell stack disclosed in the present specification is provided with a plurality of electrochemical reaction units which are arranged next to one another in a first direction and each comprise:

• - a single cell with
  • - an electrolyte layer,
  • a cathode arranged on one side in the first direction with respect to the electrolyte layer, and
  • an anode arranged on a different side in the first direction with respect to the electrolyte layer; as
• - A first separator with a through hole, wherein a section surrounding the through hole is connected to an edge region of the individual cell in order to separate an air chamber facing the cathode and a fuel chamber facing the anode from one another, the electrochemical reaction cell stack having the following components:
• a first manifold that introduces a gas into the fuel chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit;
• a second manifold that discharges a gas from the fuel chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit;
• a first connection channel connecting the first manifold to the fuel chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit; and
• a second connecting channel connecting the second manifold to the fuel chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit.

In the present electrochemical reaction cell stack, a specific electrochemical reaction unit, which is the at least one electrochemical reaction unit, further comprises a gas flow element which is arranged in this way between the single cell and at least one of the first and second connecting channels in the fuel chamber, viewed from the first direction that it overlaps with the first separator and has bores and / or grooves through which gas flows.

The present electrochemical reaction cell stack is provided with the gas flow elements which are each arranged between the single cell and at least one of the first and second connecting channels in the fuel chamber, viewed from the first direction, in such a way that they overlap with the first separator. The presence of the gas flow elements can therefore prevent deformation of the first separator at a position between the single cell and at least one of the first and second connection channels, viewed from the first direction, compared to an embodiment in which no gas flow element is arranged. It can thus be prevented that the gas flow between the fuel chamber and the first manifold or the second manifold is hindered by a deformation of the first separator, so that the performance of the electrochemical reaction cell stack can be prevented from deteriorating. Since each gas flow element has bores and / or grooves through which gas flows, the gas flow in the fuel chamber can also be prevented from being hindered by the presence of the gas flow element, even if the gas flow element is in between the single cell and at least one of the first and second connecting channels of the fuel chamber as viewed from the first direction. From the above For reasons, according to the present electrochemical reaction cell stack, the gas flow in the fuel chamber can be prevented from being obstructed while at the same time the performance of the electrochemical reaction cell stack can be prevented from deteriorating due to deformation of the first separator.

• - einen elektrisch leitfähigen Interkonnektor, der auf der anderen Seite in der ersten Richtung in Bezug auf die Einzelzelle entlang der Brennstoffkammer angeordnet ist und elektrisch mit der Anode verbunden ist; und
• - einen zweiten Separator, der eine Durchgangsbohrung aufweist, wobei ein die Durchgangsbohrung umgebender Abschnitt mit einem Randbereich des Interkonnektors verbunden ist, um die Brennstoffkammer und die Luftkammer der anderen elektrochemischen Reaktionseinheit voneinander abzutrennen,

wobei das Gasdurchströmungselement zwischen dem Interkonnektor und mindestens einem der ersten und zweiten Verbindungskanäle in der Brennstoffkammer von der ersten Richtung aus gesehen derart angeordnet ist, dass es sich mit dem zweiten Separator überlappt.(2) In the above-mentioned electrochemical reaction cell stack, the specific electrochemical reaction unit may further be configured to include:

• an electrically conductive interconnector, which is arranged on the other side in the first direction with respect to the single cell along the fuel chamber and is electrically connected to the anode; and
• - A second separator, which has a through hole, wherein a The section surrounding the through-hole is connected to an edge region of the interconnector in order to separate the fuel chamber and the air chamber of the other electrochemical reaction unit from one another,

wherein the gas throughflow element is arranged between the interconnector and at least one of the first and second connection channels in the fuel chamber, viewed from the first direction, in such a way that it overlaps with the second separator.

In the present electrochemical reaction cell stack, the gas flow element is arranged between the interconnector and at least one of the first and second connecting channels in the fuel chamber, viewed from the first direction, in such a way that it overlaps with the second separator. Due to the presence of the gas flow elements, in comparison to an embodiment in which no gas flow element is arranged, deformation of the second separator at a position between the interconnector and at least one of the first and second connecting channels, viewed from the first direction, can be prevented. It can thus be prevented that the gas flow between the fuel chamber and the first manifold or the second manifold is hindered by a deformation of the second separator, so that the performance of the electrochemical reaction cell stack can be prevented from deteriorating.

• (3) In the above-mentioned electrochemical reaction cell stack, the gas flow member may include a plurality of first plate-shaped portions extending in a direction intersecting a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. According to the present electrochemical reaction cell stack, the first portions of the gas flow member function as struts that support the first separator that tends to deform in the first direction, thereby effectively preventing the first separator from being deformed in the first direction. Thus, the performance of the electrochemical reaction cell stack can be effectively prevented from deteriorating due to deformation of the first separator.
• (4) In the above-mentioned electrochemical reaction cell stack, the gas flow member may include a second plate-shaped portion that connects the ends of two of the first portions arranged side by side. According to the present electrochemical reaction cell stack, the gas flow element can be configured to prevent the gas flow in the fuel chamber from being obstructed, while at the same time having a relatively simple and easy-to-manufacture structure.
• (5) In the above-mentioned electrochemical reaction cell stack, the gas flow element may be a mesh-like component. According to the present electrochemical reaction cell stack, the gas flow element can be configured to prevent the gas flow in the fuel chamber from being obstructed, while at the same time having a relatively simple and easy-to-manufacture structure.
• (6) In the above-mentioned electrochemical reaction cell stack, the total length of the gas flow element along a direction parallel to a side facing at least one of the first and second connection channels in the single cell when viewed from the first direction can be at least half the length of the side. According to the present electrochemical reaction cell stack, the gas flow element can be sufficiently long so that a deformation of the first separator by the gas flow element along a large area of points at which there is a risk of the gas flow between the respective manifold and the occurrence of a deformation of the first separator the fuel chamber is obstructed can be prevented. Thus, the performance of the electrochemical reaction cell stack can be effectively prevented from deteriorating due to deformation of the first separator.
• (7) The electrochemical reaction cell stack can also have the following components:
  • a third manifold that introduces a gas into the air chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit;
  • a fourth manifold that evacuates a gas from the air chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit;
  • a third connection channel connecting the third manifold to the air chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit; and
  • - a fourth connecting channel connecting the fourth manifold to the air chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit,
  wherein one of the first and second connection channels and one of the third and fourth connection channels, viewed from the first direction, are arranged in such a way that they face one side of the individual cell, while the other of the first and second connection channels and the other of the third and fourth connection channels are arranged such that they face another side that is opposite the one side of the single cell along the center of the single cell, and wherein the gas flow element between the single cell and at least one of the third and fourth connection channels is arranged in the fuel chamber as viewed from the first direction.

A portion of the first separator, which is located between the single cell and one of the third and fourth connection channels as seen from the first direction, can be easily deformed in the first direction because it faces an area in which the pressure in the air chamber is local is high. As mentioned above, in the present electrochemical reaction cell stack, the gas flow element is arranged between the single cell and one of the third and fourth connecting channels in the fuel chamber, viewed from the first direction. According to the present electrochemical reaction cell stack, therefore, the presence of the gas flow member can prevent the above-mentioned portion of the first separator, which is easily deformed, from being deformed in the first direction. Thus, the performance of the electrochemical reaction cell stack can be effectively prevented from deteriorating due to deformation of the first separator.

In addition, the technique disclosed in the present specification can be embodied in various forms, e.g. B. in the form of an electrochemical reaction cell (single cell of the fuel cell or electrolytic single cell), an electrochemical reaction unit with electrochemical reaction single cells (power generation unit of the fuel cell or electrolytic cell unit), an electrochemical reaction cell stack with several electrochemical reaction units (fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell stack), a.

Figure list

• 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung, die die äußere Ansicht eines Brennstoffzellenstapels 100 in einer vorliegenden Ausführungsform zeigt;
• 2 ein Schaubild, das eine XZ-Querschnittskonstruktion des Brennstoffzellenstapels 100 an einer Position II-II in 1 zeigt;
• 3 ein Schaubild, das eine XZ-Querschnittskonstruktion des Brennstoffzellenstapels 100 an einer Position III-III in 1 zeigt;
• 4 ein Schaubild, das eine YZ-Querschnittskonstruktion des Brennstoffzellenstapels 100 an einer Position IV-IV in 1 zeigt;
• 5 ein Schaubild, das eine XZ-Querschnittskonstruktion von zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Stromerzeugungseinheiten 102 an der gleichen Position wie der im Querschnitt in 2 zeigt;
• 6 ein Schaubild, das eine XZ-Querschnittskonstruktion der zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Stromerzeugungseinheiten 102 an der gleichen Position wie der im Querschnitt in 3 zeigt;
• 7 ein Schaubild, das eine YZ-Querschnittskonstruktion der zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Stromerzeugungseinheiten 102 an der gleichen Position wie der im Querschnitt in 4 zeigt;
• 8 ein Schaubild, das eine XY-Querschnittskonstruktion der Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 an einer Position VIII-VIII in 5 bis 7 zeigt;
• 9 ein Schaubild, das eine XY-Querschnittskonstruktion der Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 an einer Position IX-IX in 5 bis 7 zeigt;
• 10 ein Schaubild, das schematisch die äußere Ansicht eines Gasdurchströmungselements 50 zeigt;
• 11 Schaubilder, die die äußeren Ansichten der Gasdurchströmungselemente 50 gemäß alternativen Beispielen zeigen;
• 12 Schaubilder, die die äußeren Ansichten der Gasdurchströmungselemente 50 gemäß alternativen Beispielen zeigen;
• 13 Schaubilder, die die äußeren Ansichten der Gasdurchströmungselemente 50 gemäß alternativen Beispielen zeigen;
• 14 ein Schaubild, das eine Querschnittskonstruktion von zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Stromerzeugungseinheiten 102 mit maschenartigen Bauelementen als Gasdurchströmungselemente 50 gemäß einem alternativen Beispiel zeigt;
• 15 ein Schaubild, das eine Querschnittskonstruktion der zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Stromerzeugungseinheiten 102 mit den maschenartigen Bauelementen als Gasdurchströmungselemente 50 gemäß dem alternativen Beispiel zeigt.

Show it:

• 1 Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the external view of a fuel cell stack 100 in a present embodiment;
• 2 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an XZ cross-sectional construction of the fuel cell stack 100 at a position II-II in 1 shows;
• 3 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an XZ cross-sectional construction of the fuel cell stack 100 at a position III-III in 1 shows;
• 4th FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a YZ cross-sectional construction of the fuel cell stack 100 at a position IV-IV in 1 shows;
• 5 a diagram showing an XZ cross-sectional construction of two side-by-side power generation units 102 at the same position as that in cross section in 2 shows;
• 6th Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an XZ cross-sectional construction of the two side-by-side power generation units 102 at the same position as that in cross section in 3 shows;
• 7th Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a YZ cross-sectional construction of the two side-by-side power generation units 102 at the same position as that in cross section in 4th shows;
• 8th FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an XY cross-sectional structure of the power generation unit 102 at a position VIII-VIII in 5 until 7th shows;
• 9 FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an XY cross-sectional structure of the power generation unit 102 at a position IX-IX in 5 until 7th shows;
• 10 a diagram schematically showing the external view of a gas flow element 50 shows;
• 11 Diagrams showing the external views of the gas flow elements 50 according to alternative examples;
• 12th Diagrams showing the external views of the gas flow elements 50 according to alternative examples;
• 13th Diagrams showing the external views of the gas flow elements 50 according to alternative examples;
• 14th Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional construction of two power generating units arranged side by side 102 with mesh-like components as gas flow elements 50 according to an alternative example;
• 15th FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional construction of the two power generation units arranged side by side 102 with the mesh-like components as gas flow elements 50 according to the alternative example.

[Embodiment of the invention]

A. Embodiment:

A-1. Construction:

(Construction of the fuel cell stack 100 )

1 Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing the external view of a fuel cell stack 100 in a present embodiment. 2 FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an XZ cross-sectional construction of the fuel cell stack 100 at a position II-II in 1 (as 8th and 9 which will be explained later) shows. 3 FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an XZ cross-sectional construction of the fuel cell stack 100 at a position III-III in 1 (as 8th and 9 which will be explained later) shows. 4th FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a YZ cross-sectional construction of the fuel cell stack 100 at a position IV-IV in 1 (as 8th and 9 which will be explained later) shows. Each figure shows mutually orthogonal XYZ axes to identify the directions. For ease of understanding, in the present specification, the positive Z-axis direction is referred to as the “upward direction” and the negative Z-axis direction is referred to as the “downward direction”. The fuel cell stack 100 however, in practice it can also be installed in a different orientation in addition to this orientation. The same applies to 5 ff.

The fuel cell stack 100 is with multiple (in the present embodiment seven) power generation units 102 the fuel cell (hereinafter referred to simply as “power generation units”), a separator 189 for a bottom end and a pair of end plates 104 , 106 Mistake. The seven power generation units 102 are arranged side by side in a predetermined orientation (upward and downward in the present embodiment). One of the paired end plates 104 , 106 (hereinafter referred to as "top end plate 104") is on top of an assembly made up of the seven power generation units 102 and a separator 189 for a lower end (hereinafter referred to as “power generation block 103”). The other of the paired end plates 104 , 106 (hereinafter referred to as “lower end plate 106”) is on the underside of the power generation block 103 arranged. The two end plates 104 , 106 are arranged in such a way that they form an assembly consisting of the seven power generation units 102 and the separator 189 for a lower end (hereinafter referred to as “power generation block 103”), pinching from above and below. The above-mentioned orientation (upward and downward direction) corresponds to the first direction in the claims.

As in 1 and 4th Shown are near four edges on the outer periphery of the respective layers that make up the fuel cell stack 100 form (upper end plate 104 ; each power generation unit 102 ; separator 189 for a lower end), holes are formed around the Z-axis direction penetrating each layer in the up and down directions. On the top face near four edges on the outer circumference of the bottom end plate 106 Bores (threaded holes) are formed around the Z-axis direction. The holes, which are formed in the respective layers and correspond to each other, are connected to each other in an upward and downward direction to form a bolt hole 109 to form, which extends in the upward and downward direction. In the following explanation, the holes that are used to form the bolt hole 109 on the respective layers of the fuel cell stack 100 are formed, possibly as a bolt hole 109 designated.

In every bolt hole 109 becomes a bolt 22nd introduced. The bottom of each bolt 22nd is screwed into the threaded hole on the lower end plate 106 is formed. At the top of each bolt 22nd attacks a mother 24 a. The lower face of the nut 24 stands along an insulating film 26th in contact with the top surface of the end plate 104 . With the bolts designed in this way 22nd and the nuts 24 become the respective layers of the fuel cell stack 100 screwed together in one piece. Also is the insulating film 26th z. B. formed from a mica film, a ceramic fiber film, a ceramic press powder film, a glass film, a glass-ceramic composite agent, among others.

Furthermore, as in 1 until 3 shown in the edge area of the respective layers that make up the fuel cell stack 100 form (each power generation unit 102 ; separator 189 for a lower end; lower end plate 106 ), four holes are formed around the Z-axis direction which penetrate the respective layers in the upward and downward directions. The holes formed on the respective layers and corresponding to each other are connected with each other in the upward and downward directions to form a communication hole 108 train up and down from the top power generating unit 102 to the lower end plate 106 extends towards. In the following explanation, the holes that are used to form the connecting hole 108 on the respective layers of the fuel cell stack 100 are formed, possibly as a connecting hole 108 designated.

As in 1 and 2 shown, acts a connecting hole 108 that is near a side (side on the X-axis positive direction side of two sides parallel to the Y-axis) that is a constituent part of the outer periphery of the fuel cell stack 100 around the Z Axis direction is, located, as a manifold 161 for introducing oxidizing gas which is a gas flow passage that is an oxidizing gas 1st floor from outside the fuel cell stack 100 conducts to this oxidizing gas 1st floor in an air chamber mentioned later 166 each power generation unit 102 initiate. A connecting hole 108 which is near a side opposite to said side (side on the negative X-axis direction side of two sides parallel to the Y-axis) functions as a manifold 162 for discharging oxidizing gas which is a gas flow passage which is an oxidizing exhaust gas OOG that from the air chamber 166 each power generation unit 102 was derived to the outside of the fuel cell stack 100 derives. As an oxidizing gas 1st floor is z. B. Air used. The manifold 161 for introducing oxidizing gas corresponds to the third manifold in the claims, and the manifold 162 for discharging oxidizing gas corresponds to the fourth manifold in the claims.

As in 1 and 3 shown, another connecting hole also functions 108 that extend from the sides that make up the outer periphery of the fuel cell stack 100 around the Z-axis direction, near one side that the one mentioned above, called a manifold 162 connecting hole functioning for the discharge of oxidizing gas 108 closest, is, as a manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas, which is a gas flow passage containing a fuel gas FG from outside the fuel cell stack 100 directs to this fuel gas FG into a later mentioned fuel chamber 176 each power generation unit 102 initiate. Another connecting hole 108 that are near a side similar to the one mentioned above, called a manifold 161 for the introduction of oxidizing gas functioning connecting hole 108 closest, acts as a manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas, which is a gas flow channel containing a fuel exhaust gas FOG that from the fuel chamber 176 each power generation unit 102 was derived to the outside of the fuel cell stack 100 derives. As fuel gas FG is z. B. a hydrogen-rich gas reformed from town gas is used. The manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas corresponds to the first manifold in the claims, and the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas corresponds to the second manifold in the claims.

As in 2 and 3 shown is the fuel cell stack 100 with four gas passage elements 27 Mistake. Any gas passage element 27 has a hollow tubular main body 28 and a hollow tubular branch section 29 on, from a side surface of the main body 28 branches off. The bore of the branch section 29 is with the bore of the main body 28 tied together. A gas line (not shown) is attached to the branch section 29 each gas passage element 27 tied together. As in 2 shown is the bore of the main body 28 of the gas passage member 27 , the one on the manifold 161 for introducing oxidizing gas is arranged with the manifold 161 connected to the introduction of oxidizing gas. The hole in the main body 28 of the gas passage member 27 , the one on the manifold 162 for the discharge of oxidizing gas is arranged with the manifold 162 connected to the discharge of oxidizing gas. As in 3 also shown is the bore of the main body 28 of the gas passage member 27 , the one on the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas is arranged with the manifold 171 connected to the introduction of fuel gas. The hole in the main body 28 of the gas passage member 27 , the one on the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas is arranged with the manifold 172 connected to the discharge of fuel gas. There is also an insulating film 26th between each gas passage element 27 and the surface of the lower end plate 106 .

(Construction of the end plates 104 , 106 )

The paired end plates 104 , 106 are plate-shaped components, the outer shape of which is seen from the Z-axis direction is substantially rectangular, and are made of an electrically conductive material such as. B. stainless steel. In the middle areas of the paired end plates 104 , 106 are each through holes in the Z-axis direction 32 , 34 educated. Seen from the Z-axis direction, enclose the inner circumferential lines of the bores 32 , 34 that are the respective end plates 104 , 106 have the respective individual cells mentioned later 110 . Therefore, the pressing force acts in the Z-axis direction, which is created by the screw connection with the respective bolts 22nd and nuts 24 is generated mainly on the periphery of each power generation unit 102 (Section on the outer peripheral side of each single cell mentioned later 110 ). In the present embodiment, the upper end plate also functions 104 as a positive output connection of the fuel cell stack 100 , and the lower end plate 106 acts as the negative output terminal of the fuel cell stack 100 .

(Construction of the separator 189 for a lower end)

The separator 189 for a lower end is a plate-shaped member whose outer shape is substantially rectangular as viewed from the Z-axis direction, and consists of e.g. B. made of metal. The edge area of the separator 189 for a lower end lies between the power generation block 103 and the lower end plate 106 and is z. B. by welding electrically to the lower end plate 106 tied together.

(Construction of the power generation unit 102 )

5 Fig. 13 is a diagram showing an XZ cross-sectional construction of two side-by-side power generation units 102 at the same position as that in cross section in 2 shows. 6th Fig. 13 is a diagram showing an XZ cross-sectional construction of the two side-by-side power generation units 102 at the same position as that in cross section in 3 shows. 7th Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a YZ cross-sectional construction of the two side-by-side power generation units 102 at the same position as that in cross section in 4th shows. Furthermore is 8th FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an XY cross-sectional structure of the power generation unit 102 at a position VIII-VIII in 5 until 7th shows. 9 Fig. 13 is a diagram showing an XY cross-sectional structure of the power generation unit 102 at a position IX-IX in 5 until 7th shows.

As in 5 until 7th each power generating unit is shown 102 with a single cell 110 the fuel cell (hereinafter referred to as “single cell”), a separator 120 for a single cell, a frame on the cathode side 130 , an anode-side frame 140 , anode-side current collectors 144 , a pair of interconnectors 190 that are the top and bottom layers of the power generation unit 102 form, and a pair of separators 180 for ICs. In the edge areas of the separator 120 for a single cell, the frame on the cathode side 130 , the frame on the anode side 140 and the separators 180 for ICs there are holes around the Z-axis direction that form the respective connecting holes 108 form that as the respective manifolds 161 , 162 , 171 , 172 act, and bores formed that the respective bolt holes 109 form.

The single cell 110 is with an electrolyte layer 112 , a cathode 114 that are on one side (above) of the electrolyte layer 112 is arranged in the Z-axis direction, an anode 116 that are on the other side (below) the electrolyte layer 112 is arranged in the Z-axis direction, and a reaction protective layer 118 provided between the electrolyte layer 112 and the cathode 114 is arranged. It is also the single cell 110 according to the present embodiment to an anode-supported single cell in which the anode 116 the other layers that make up the single cell 110 form (electrolyte layer 112 ; cathode 114 ; Reaction protection layer 118 ), supports.

The electrolyte layer 112 is a plate-shaped member that is substantially rectangular as viewed from the Z-axis direction and is formed to contain a solid oxide (e.g., YSZ (Yttria Stabilized Zirconia)). That is, the single cell 110 according to the present embodiment is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) that uses a solid oxide as an electrolyte. The cathode 114 is a plate-shaped member that is substantially rectangular as viewed from the Z-axis direction and is smaller than the electrolyte layer 112 . It is designed such that it can, for. B. contains an oxide of the perovskite type (e.g .: LSCF (Lanthanum Strontium Cobalt Iron Oxide)). The anode 116 is a plate-shaped component that is substantially rectangular as viewed from the Z-axis direction and is substantially the same size as the electrolyte layer 112 . It consists z. B. made of Ni (nickel), a cermet made of Ni and ceramic particles, or a Ni-based alloy or the like. The reaction protection layer 118 is a plate-shaped member that is substantially rectangular as viewed from the Z-axis direction and is substantially the same size as the cathode 114 . It is designed such that it can, for. B. GDC (gadolinium-doped cerium oxide) and YSZ contains. The reaction protection layer 118 has the function of preventing an element (ex .: Sr) from coming out of the cathode 114 diffuses, with an element (e.g .: Zr) that is present in the electrolyte layer 112 is contained, reacts and a high-resistance substance (e.g .: SrZrO ₃ ) is generated.

The separator 120 for a single cell is a frame-shaped component that has an essentially rectangular through-hole in the central area that extends upwards and downwards 121 has, and consists z. B. made of metal. The thickness of the separator 120 for a single cell is relatively small, e.g. B. approximately between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm. One area of the separator 120 for a single cell that has the through hole 121 surrounds (hereinafter referred to as “the circumferential area of the through hole”), the upper surface of the edge area of the single cell is located 110 (Electrolyte layer 112 ) opposite to. The separator 120 for a single cell is with the single cell 110 (Electrolyte layer 112 ) along a connecting part 124 from a soldering material (e.g .: Ag solder), which is arranged on the opposite portion. The separator 120 for a single cell the air chamber separates 166 that the cathode 114 facing, and the fuel chamber 176 who have favourited the anode 116 facing away from each other in order to prevent gas from one electrode side to the other in the edge area of the single cell 110 leakage (cross leak). The separator 120 for a single cell corresponds to the first separator in the claims.

The separator 120 for a single cell is with an inner section 126 , which covers the circumferential area of the through hole (section which the Through hole 121 surrounds) of the separator 120 for a single cell includes an outer section 127 located on the outer peripheral side of the inner section 126 and a connecting section 128 provided that the inner section 126 with the outer section 127 connects. In the present embodiment, the inner portion 126 and the outer section 127 a substantially flat plate shape extending substantially orthogonally to the Z-axis direction. Furthermore is the connecting section 128 curved so that it is both in relation to the inner section 126 as well as the outer section 127 protrudes downwards. The bottom of the connection section 128 (Side that of the fuel chamber 176 facing) is convex and the top of the connecting portion 128 (Side that of the air chamber 166 is facing) concave. The connecting section 128 that is, has a portion whose position in the Z-axis direction is different from the inner portion 126 and the outer section 127 differs.

In the area of the through hole 121 of the separator 120 for a single cell is a glass seal 125 arranged, which contains glass. The glass seal 125 is located on the top of the air chamber 166 facing side in relation to the connecting part 124 and is formed so as to be connected to both the surface of the peripheral portion of the through hole of the separator 120 for a single cell as well as with the surface of the single cell 110 (Electrolyte layer 112 in the present embodiment) is in contact. Through the glass seal 125 this effectively prevents gas from moving from one electrode side to the other in the edge area of the individual cell 110 leakage (cross leak).

Any interconnector 190 is an electrically conductive component with a plate part 150 in the form of a substantially rectangular flat plate and a plurality of substantially columnar cathode-side current collectors 134 that from the plate part 150 to the side of the cathode 114 protrude, and is made of metal (e.g. ferrite-based stainless steel). In the present embodiment is on a surface of the interconnector 190 (Surface that of the air chamber 166 facing) an electrically conductive coating layer 194 formed, the z. B. consists of an oxide with a spinel structure. The following is that by the coating layer 194 covered interconnector 190 simply as an interconnector 190 designated. At every power generation unit 102 is the upper interconnector 190 (Plate part 150 of the interconnector 190 ) above the single cell 110 along the air chamber 166 arranged. The upper interconnector 190 (every cathode-side current collector 134 of the upper interconnector 190 ) is along an electrically conductive connecting material 196 , the Z. B. consists of an oxide with a spinel structure, with the cathode 114 the single cell 110 connected and thereby electrically connected to the cathode 114 the single cell 110 tied together. At every power generation unit 102 is the lower interconnector 190 below the single cell 110 along the fuel chamber 176 arranged and along the anode-side current collectors mentioned later 144 electrically with the anode 116 the single cell 110 tied together. The interconnector 190 ensures electrical conductivity between the power generation units 102 and prevents the reaction gases between the power generation units 102 mix. In the present embodiment, an interconnector 190 by two mutually arranged power generation units 102 shared when the two power generating units 102 are arranged side by side. In other words, at the upper interconnector 190 for a power generation unit 102 it is the same component as the lower interconnector 190 for one at the top of this power generation unit 102 adjacent other generating unit 102 . Because the fuel cell stack 100 with the separator 189 is provided for a lower end, further comprises the lowermost power generation unit 102 of the fuel cell stack 100 no lower interconnector 190 on (cf. 2 until 4th ).

Any separator 180 for ICs is a frame-shaped component that has an essentially rectangular through-hole in the central area that extends upwards and downwards 181 has, and consists z. B. made of metal. The thickness of the separator 180 for ICs is relatively small, e.g. B. approximately between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm. A section of the separator 180 for ICs that have the through hole 181 surrounds (hereinafter referred to as the "circumferential region of the through hole"), z. By welding to the upper surface of the edge region of the plate part 150 of the interconnector 190 tied together. From the separators arranged in pairs 180 for ICs that are in a power generation unit 102 are contained, the upper separator separates 180 for ICs the air chamber 166 the power generation unit 102 and the fuel chamber 176 one at the top of the power generation unit 102 adjacent other power generation unit 102 from each other. From the separators arranged in pairs 180 for ICs that are in a power generation unit 102 are contained, also separates the lower separator 180 for ICs the fuel chamber 176 the power generation unit 102 and the air chamber 166 one at the bottom of the power generation unit 102 adjacent other power generation unit 102 from each other. This is done through the separators 180 for ICs, the leakage of gas between the power generation units 102 in the edge area of the power generation units 102 prevented. The separator 180 for ICs, the one with the upper interconnector 190 the top one Power generation unit 102 in the fuel cell stack 100 is electrically connected to the top end plate 104 tied together. The separators 180 for ICs correspond to the second separators in the claims.

The separators 180 for ICs each come with an inner section 186 that is the circumferential area of the through hole (section that the through hole 181 surrounds) of the separator 180 for ICs includes an outer section 187 located on the outer peripheral side of the inner section 186 and a connecting section 188 provided that the inner section 186 with the outer section 187 connects. In the present embodiment, the inner portion 186 and the outer section 187 a substantially flat plate shape extending substantially orthogonally to the Z-axis direction. Furthermore is the connecting section 188 curved so that it is both in relation to the inner section 186 as well as the outer section 187 protrudes downwards. The underside (side that the air can 166 facing) of the connecting section 188 is convex and the top (side facing the fuel chamber 176 facing) of the connecting section 188 concave. The connecting section 188 that is, has a portion whose position in the Z-axis direction is different from the inner portion 186 and the outer section 187 differs.

As in 5 until 8th shown is the frame on the cathode side 130 a frame-shaped component, which in the central area has a substantially rectangular bore that is continuous in the Z-axis direction 131 has, and consists z. B. from an isolator such. B. mica or the like. The hole 131 of the frame on the cathode side 130 forms the air chamber 166 that the cathode 114 is facing. The frame on the cathode side 130 stands with the upper surface of the edge area of the separator 120 for a single cell and the lower surface of the edge area of the upper separator 180 for ICs in contact and acts as a sealing member to increase the gas seal ability between the two separators (ie, the gas seal ability of the air chamber 166 ) to ensure. Furthermore, the in the power generation unit 102 contained separators arranged in pairs 180 for ICs (ie between the interconnectors arranged in pairs 190 ) through the frame on the cathode side 130 electrically isolated from each other. On the frame on the cathode side 130 are also a connecting channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas and a connecting channel 133 designed to discharge oxidizing gas, the former being the manifold 161 for introducing oxidizing gas with the air chamber 166 connects and the latter the air chamber 166 with the manifold 162 for discharging oxidizing gas connects. The connecting channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas corresponds to the third connection channel in the claims and the connection channel 133 for discharging oxidizing gas corresponds to the fourth connecting channel in the claims.

As in 5 until 7th and 9 shown is the anode-side frame 140 a frame-shaped component, which in the central area has a substantially rectangular bore that is continuous in the Z-axis direction 141 has, and consists z. B. made of metal. The hole 141 of the anode-side frame 140 forms the fuel chamber 176 who have favourited the anode 116 is facing. The frame on the anode side 140 stands with the lower surface of the edge area of the separator 120 for a single cell and with the upper surface of the edge area of the lower separator 180 for ICs in contact. There are also on the anode-side frame 140 a connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas and a connecting channel 143 designed for discharging fuel gas, the former being the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas with the fuel chamber 176 connects and the latter the fuel chamber 176 with the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas connects. The connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas corresponds to the first connection channel in the claims and the connection channel 143 for discharging fuel gas corresponds to the second connecting channel in the claims.

As in 5 until 7th shown are the anode-side current collectors 144 in the fuel chamber 176 arranged. Any anode-side current collector 144 is with a section facing the interconnector 146 , a section facing the electrode 145 and a linking section 147 , the section facing the electrode 145 with the section facing the interconnector 146 linked, provided and consists z. B. made of nickel, a nickel alloy, stainless steel or the like. The section facing the electrode 145 is in contact with the lower surface of the anode 116 , and the section facing the interconnector 146 is in contact with the upper surface of the interconnector 190 (Plate part 150 of the interconnector 190 ). However, as mentioned above, is the lowest power generation unit 102 of the fuel cell stack 100 not with the lower interconnector 190 provided, so that the section facing the interconnector 146 of the anode-side current collector 144 this power generation unit 102 in contact with the separator 189 stands for a lower end. The anode-side current collector 144 is designed so that it is the anode 116 electrically with the interconnector 190 (or the separator 189 for a lower end) connects. There is also a spacer 149 , the z. B. consists of mica, between the portion facing the electrode 145 and the section facing the interconnector 146 of the anode side Current collector 144 arranged. Therefore, the anode-side current collector follows 144 deformation of the power generation unit 102 that occurs due to temperature cycles or fluctuations in the reaction gas pressure, thereby creating the electrical connection between the anode 116 and the interconnector 190 (or the separator 189 for a lower end) along the anode-side current collector 144 is effectively maintained.

• Wird das Oxidationsgas OG, wie in 2 und 5 gezeigt, durch eine Gasleitung (nicht dargestellt), die mit dem Zweigabschnitt 29 des Gasdurchgangselements 27 am Manifold 161 zum Einleiten von Oxidationsgas verbunden ist, hindurch zugeführt, wird das Oxidationsgas OG durch die Bohrungen des Zweigabschnitts 29 und des Hauptkörpers 28 des Gasdurchgangselements 27 hindurch in den Manifold 161 zum Einleiten von Oxidationsgas eingeleitet und vom Manifold 161 zum Einleiten von Oxidationsgas durch den Verbindungskanal 132 zum Einleiten von Oxidationsgas jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 hindurch in die Luftkammer 166 eingeleitet. Wird ferner das Brenngas FG, wie in 3 und 6 gezeigt, durch eine Gasleitung (nicht dargestellt), die mit dem Zweigabschnitt 29 des Gasdurchgangselements 27 am Manifold 171 zum Einleiten von Brenngas verbunden ist, hindurch zugeführt, wird das Brenngas FG durch die Bohrungen des Zweigabschnitts 29 und des Hauptkörpers 28 des Gasdurchgangselements 27 hindurch in den Manifold 171 zum Einleiten von Brenngas eingeleitet und vom Manifold 171 zum Einleiten von Brenngas durch den Verbindungskanal 142 zum Einleiten von Brenngas jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 in die Brennstoffkammer 176 eingeleitet.

A-2. Operation of the fuel cell stack 100 :

• Will the oxidizing gas 1st floor , as in 2 and 5 shown by a gas line (not shown) connected to the branch section 29 of the gas passage member 27 on the manifold 161 is connected for introducing oxidizing gas is supplied through, the oxidizing gas 1st floor through the bores of the branch section 29 and the main body 28 of the gas passage member 27 through into the manifold 161 for the introduction of oxidizing gas and initiated from the manifold 161 for introducing oxidizing gas through the connecting channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas to each power generation unit 102 through into the air chamber 166 initiated. Will also be the fuel gas FG , as in 3 and 6th shown by a gas line (not shown) connected to the branch section 29 of the gas passage member 27 on the manifold 171 is connected to the introduction of fuel gas, supplied through it, the fuel gas is FG through the bores of the branch section 29 and the main body 28 of the gas passage member 27 through into the manifold 171 for the introduction of fuel gas and initiated from the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas through the connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas to each power generation unit 102 into the fuel chamber 176 initiated.

When the oxidizing gas 1st floor into the air chamber 166 each power generation unit 102 and the fuel gas FG into the fuel chamber 176 is initiated, takes place in the single cell 110 a power generation by means of the electrochemical reaction between the oxidizing gas 1st floor and the fuel gas FG . This power generation reaction is an exothermic reaction. At every power generation unit 102 is the cathode 114 the single cell 110 electrically with the upper interconnector 190 connected, and the anode 116 is along the anode-side current collectors 144 electrically with the lower interconnector 190 (or the separator 189 for a lower end). That is, the ones in the fuel cell stack 100 included power generation units 102 are electrically connected in series. The upper interconnector 190 and the separator 180 for ICs of the top power generation unit 102 are electrical with the top end plate 104 connected, and the separator 189 for a lower end that is electrically connected to the anode-side current collectors 144 the lowest power generation unit 102 is electrically connected to the lower end plate 106 tied together. Hence, the in every power generation unit 102 generated electrical energy from the end plates 104 , 106 taken as the output terminals of the fuel cell stack 100 act. In addition, since the SOFC generates electricity at a relatively high temperature (e.g. 700 ° C to 1000 ° C), the fuel cell stack can 100 after activation, can be heated by using a heater (not shown) until a state is reached in which the high temperature caused by the heat generated in the generation of electricity can be maintained.

As in 2 and 5 shown is the oxidation off-gas OOG that from the air chamber 166 each power generation unit 102 through the connecting channel 133 for discharging oxidizing gas through into the manifold 162 for discharging oxidizing gas was discharged through the bores of the main body 28 and the branch section 29 of the gas passage member 27 on the manifold 162 for discharging oxidizing gas and through the with the branch section 29 connected gas line (not shown) through to the outside of the fuel cell stack 100 derived. As also in 3 and 6th shown is the exhaust gas FOG that from the fuel chamber 176 each power generation unit 102 through the connecting channel 143 for discharging fuel gas through into the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas has been discharged through the holes of the main body 28 and the branch section 29 of the gas passage member 27 on the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas and through the with the branch section 29 connected gas line (not shown) through to the outside of the fuel cell stack 100 derived.

With the fuel cell stack 100 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG 8th and 9 shown the connecting channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas that comes with the manifold 161 for introducing oxidizing gas is connected, and the connecting channel 143 for discharging fuel gas that comes with the manifold 172 is connected for discharging fuel gas, as viewed from the Z-axis direction, arranged such that they (in the same direction) one side of the single cell (second side SI2 in 8th and 9 ) are facing. The connecting channel 133 for discharging oxidizing gas that comes with the manifold 162 for discharging oxidizing gas is connected, and the connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas that comes with the manifold 171 connected to the introduction of fuel gas, are arranged such that they are a different side of the single cell (first side SI1 in 8th and 9 ) facing along the center of the single cell 110 (in the same direction) the second page SI2 facing the single cell. That is, the power generation unit 102 (Fuel cell stack 100 ) According to the present embodiment, it is an SOFC of the counter-flow type, in which the main flow direction of the oxidizing gas 1st floor in the air chamber 166 (from the X-axis positive direction to the X-axis negative direction) and the main flow direction of the fuel gas FG in the fuel chamber 176 (from the X-axis negative direction to the X-axis positive direction) are substantially in opposite directions (opposite directions).

• Der Brennstoffzellenstapel 100 gemäß der vorliegenden Ausführungsform ist ferner mit den Gasdurchströmungselementen 50 versehen. Im Folgenden wird die Konstruktion jedes Gasdurchströmungselements 50 erläutert. 10 ist ein Schaubild, das schematisch die äußere Ansicht des Gasdurchströmungselements 50 zeigt.

A-3. Construction of the gas flow element 50 :

• The fuel cell stack 100 according to the present embodiment is also with the gas flow elements 50 Mistake. The following is the construction of each gas flow element 50 explained. 10 Fig. 13 is a diagram schematically showing the external view of the gas flow member 50 shows.

As in 10 shown is the gas flow element 50 an elongated member which extends as a whole in a predetermined direction (in the Y-axis direction in the present embodiment), and consists of e.g. B. made of metal. In 10 is a representation of the two ends of the gas flow element 50 waived in the direction of extent. The gas flow element 50 is made by bending a plate material so that its cross section has a wave shape. That is, the gas flow element 50 is formed such that a plurality of plate-shaped portions (hereinafter referred to as “first portions 51”) extending in a direction (direction in the XZ plane) orthogonal to the extension direction (Y-axis direction) of the entire gas flow element 50 extend, and a plurality of second plate-shaped sections 52 each the ends of two of the first sections 51 , which are arranged side by side, connect alternately in the extension direction (Y-axis direction) of the entire gas flow element 50 are aligned. As the gas flow element 50 Having this construction, it can be said that the gas flow element 50 several grooves on the top and bottom CH which extends in a direction (X-axis direction in the present embodiment) orthogonal to the extending direction (Y-axis direction) of the entire gas flow element 50 extend. The direction of extension (direction in the XZ plane) of the first sections 51 is not parallel to the direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction (direction in the XY plane). In other words, the direction of extent intersects the first sections 51 the direction (direction in the XY plane) orthogonal to the Z-axis direction. The direction in the XY plane corresponds to the second direction in the claims. In the present embodiment, the respective second section also has 52 has a shape of a flat plate extending in the direction (direction in the XY plane) orthogonal to the up and down direction (Z-axis direction).

The thickness t1 of the gas flow element 50 is approximately between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm, e.g. B. 0.1 mm. The height h1 (size in the Z-axis direction) of the gas flow element 50 is approximately between 0.4 mm and 1.0 mm, e.g. B. 0.7 mm. The depth d1 each in the gas flow element 50 formed groove CH corresponds to a difference (h1-t1) between the height h1 and the plate thickness t1 of the gas flow element 50 . The width W1 (size in the X-axis direction) of the gas flow element 50 is approximately between 1 mm and 7 mm, e.g. B. 4 mm. The distance 11 between two adjacent first sections 51 of the gas flow element 50 is approximately between 5 mm and 15 mm, e.g. B. 10 mm.

As in 5 , 6th and 9 shown are the gas flow elements 50 inside the fuel chamber 176 the power generation unit 102 arranged. In the present embodiment there are two gas flow elements 50 (a first gas flow element 50a and a second gas flow element 50b) in the fuel chamber 176 each power generation unit 102 in the fuel cell stack 100 arranged.

As in 5 and 6th are shown at each power generation unit 102 the two gas flow elements 50 arranged at positions where they meet with the separator when viewed from the Z-axis direction 120 for a single cell and the separator 180 for ICs overlap. Specifically, this means the two gas flow elements 50 are arranged at positions where they meet with the respective connection portions as viewed from the Z-axis direction 128 , 188 of the separator 120 for a single cell and the separator 180 for ICs overlap.

As in 6th and 9 Also shown is the first gas throughflow element 50a between the connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas and the single cell 110 or the interconnector 190 is arranged as viewed from the Z-axis direction, and the second gas flow member 50b is between the communication channel 143 for discharging fuel gas and the single cell 110 or the interconnector 190 arranged from the Z-axis direction. Since the fuel cell stack 100 According to the present embodiment, as mentioned above, is an SOFC of the counter-flow type, it can also be said that the first gas flow element 50a is between the connection channel 133 for discharging oxidizing gas and the single cell 110 or the interconnector 190 is arranged as seen from the Z-axis direction and the second gas flow element 50b between the connection channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas and the single cell 110 or the interconnector 190 is arranged as seen from the Z-axis direction (see 5 ).

As in 9 As shown, in the present embodiment, the extending direction (Y-axis direction) of the entire first gas flow member 50a is parallel to the first side SI1 that the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas into the single cell 110 is facing. The length L0 of the first gas flow element 50a along the direction parallel to the first side SI1 (Y-axis direction) is at least half the length L1 of the first side SI1 . Specifically, this means that the length L0 of the first gas flow element 50a is greater than or equal to the length L1 of the first side SI1 . Likewise, the direction of extension (Y-axis direction) of the entire second gas flow element 50b is parallel to the second side SI2 that the connection channel 143 for discharging fuel gas in the single cell 110 is facing. The length L0 of the second gas flow element 50b along the direction parallel to the second side SI2 (Y-axis direction) is at least half the length L1 of the second side SI2 . Specifically, this means that the length L0 of the second gas flow element 50b is greater than or equal to the length L1 of the second side SI2 .

As mentioned above, each gas flow element 50 several grooves CH which extend in the X-axis direction. The direction of extension (X-axis direction) of each groove CH agrees with the main flow direction of the fuel gas FG in the fuel chamber 176 match. At least part of the fuel gas FG that from the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas through the connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas through into the fuel chamber 176 was initiated, passes through each groove CH of the first gas flow element 50a through to one of the individual cells 110 (Anode 116 ) facing position and comes from that of the single cell 110 facing position through each groove CH of the second gas flow element 50b through to one of the connecting channel 143 for diverting fuel gas facing position, and is through the connecting channel 143 for discharging fuel gas through into the manifold 172 derived for discharging fuel gas. That is, through the presence of the grooves CH can prevent the flow of fuel gas FG in the fuel chamber 176 is hindered even if the gas flow elements 50 in the fuel chamber 176 to be ordered.

In the present embodiment, each is a gas flow element 50 not on another component (separator 180 for ICs or separators 120 for a single cell), but on the separator 180 for ICs. However, it is also possible that each gas flow element 50 is connected and fixed to another component by a specified process (e.g. soldering, welding, etc.). In the present embodiment, further considering the change (decrease) in the height of the fuel chamber 176 during assembly of the fuel cell stack 100 , the height h1 of each gas flow element 50 less than the structural height of the fuel chamber 176 set. Therefore none of the gas flow elements is standing 50 that are on the separator 180 for ICs are placed in contact with the separator 120 for a single cell.

• Wie oben erläutert, ist der Brennstoffzellenstapel 100 gemäß der vorliegenden Ausführungsform mit den Stromerzeugungseinheiten 102 versehen, die in Z-Achsenrichtung nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Jede Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 weist die Einzelzelle 110 und den Separator 120 für eine Einzelzelle auf. Jede Einzelzelle 110 umfasst die Elektrolytschicht 112, die Kathode 114, die oberhalb der Elektrolytschicht 112 angeordnet ist, und die Anode 116, die unterhalb der Elektrolytschicht 112 angeordnet ist. Jeder Separator 120 für eine Einzelzelle weist die Durchgangsbohrung 121 auf, wobei der die Durchgangsbohrung 121 umgebende Abschnitt mit dem Randbereich der Einzelzelle 110 verbunden ist, um die Luftkammer 166, die der Kathode 114 zugewandt ist, und die Brennstoffkammer 176, die der Anode 116 zugewandt ist, voneinander abzutrennen. Der Brennstoffzellenstapel 100 weist ferner die folgenden Bauelemente auf:
  • - den Manifold 171 zum Einleiten von Brenngas, der ein Gas in die Brennstoffkammer 176 jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 einleitet;
  • - den Manifold 172 zum Ableiten von Brenngas, der ein Gas von der Brennstoffkammer 176 jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 ableitet;
  • - den Verbindungskanal 142 zum Einleiten von Brenngas, der den Manifold 171 zum Einleiten von Brenngas mit der Brennstoffkammer 176 jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 verbindet; und
  • - den Verbindungskanal 143 zum Ableiten von Brenngas, der den Manifold 172 zum Ableiten von Brenngas mit der Brennstoffkammer 176 jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 verbindet.

A-4. Advantages of the present embodiment:

• As explained above, the fuel cell stack is 100 according to the present embodiment with the power generation units 102 which are arranged side by side in the Z-axis direction. Any power generation unit 102 indicates the single cell 110 and the separator 120 for a single cell. Every single cell 110 includes the electrolyte layer 112 who have favourited cathode 114 that is above the electrolyte layer 112 is arranged, and the anode 116 that is below the electrolyte layer 112 is arranged. Any separator 120 for a single cell, the through hole has 121 on, which is the through hole 121 surrounding section with the edge area of the single cell 110 connected to the air chamber 166 that the cathode 114 facing, and the fuel chamber 176 who have favourited the anode 116 facing to separate from each other. The fuel cell stack 100 also has the following components:
  • - the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas, which is a gas into the fuel chamber 176 each power generation unit 102 initiates;
  • - the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas, which is a gas from the fuel chamber 176 each power generation unit 102 derives;
  • - the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas into the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas with the fuel chamber 176 each power generation unit 102 connects; and
  • - the connection channel 143 for discharging fuel gas from the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas with the fuel chamber 176 each power generation unit 102 connects.

Besides, every power generating unit is 102 with the gas flow elements 50 Mistake. Any gas flow element 50 shows the grooves CH through which gas flows. The gas flow elements 50 are between the single cell 110 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas in the fuel chamber 176 arranged so as to coincide with the separator as viewed from the Z-axis direction 120 overlap for a single cell.

This is where every power generation unit occurs 102 a difference between the gas pressure in the fuel chamber 176 and the gas pressure in the air chamber 166 during power generation operation of the fuel cell stack 100 . The gas pressure in the air chamber is concrete 166 higher than the gas pressure in the fuel chamber 176 . There is therefore a risk that due to the gas pressure difference between the fuel chamber 176 and the air chamber 166 mechanical tension on the separator 120 for a single cell that is the fuel chamber 176 and the air chamber 166 separates from each other, arises and a section of the separator 120 for a single cell that is not different from the single cell 110 or other structural elements is supported, is deformed (deformed so that the height of the fuel chamber 176 decreased). Furthermore, a section of the separator 120 for a single cell that is between the single cell 110 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas from the Z-axis direction is the performance of the fuel cell stack 100 can negatively affect the gas flow between the fuel chamber 176 and the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas or the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas is hindered if the above-mentioned deformation occurs.

As mentioned above, however, is the fuel cell stack 100 according to the present embodiment with the gas flow elements 50 provided, each between the single cell 110 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas in the fuel chamber 176 when viewed from the Z-axis direction are arranged so as to coincide with the separator 120 overlap for a single cell. By the presence of the gas flow elements 50 can therefore compared to an embodiment in which no gas flow element 50 is arranged, the above-mentioned deformation of the first separator 120 for a single cell at a position between the single cell 110 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas viewed from the Z-axis direction can be prevented. Thus, the gas flow between the fuel chamber can be prevented 176 and the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas or the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas by deforming the separator 120 for a single cell is hindered, so that the performance of the fuel cell stack can be prevented 100 worsened.

As the gas flow element 50 the grooves CH through which gas flows, the gas flow in the fuel chamber can also be prevented 176 by the presence of the gas flow element 50 is hindered even if the gas flow element 50 between the single cell 110 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas in the fuel chamber 176 is arranged as viewed from the Z-axis direction.

For the reasons mentioned above, according to the fuel cell stack 100 The present embodiment prevents the flow of gas in the fuel chamber 176 is hindered while at the same time the performance of the fuel cell stack can be prevented 100 by deformation of the separator 120 deteriorated for a single cell.

As in the present embodiment, all in the fuel cell stack 100 included power generation units 102 with the gas flow elements 50 are provided, it can be prevented that due to deformation of the separator 120 for a single cell of a power generation unit 102 a difference in pressure loss in flow channels for the fuel gas FG at each power generation unit 102 arises and, due to the difference in pressure loss, a difference in the supply amount of the fuel gas FG at each power generation unit 102 arises. As a result, the performance of the entire fuel cell stack can be prevented from deteriorating 100 worsened.

With the fuel cell stack 100 According to the present embodiment, each power generation unit has 102 also the interconnector 190 and the separators 180 for ICs. The interconnector 190 is an electrically conductive component that is located below the single cell 110 along the fuel chamber 176 is arranged and electrically connected to the anode 116 connected is. Any separator 180 for ICs the through hole has 181 on, which is the through hole 181 surrounding section with the edge area of the interconnector 190 connected to the fuel chamber 176 and the air chamber 166 another power generation unit 102 separate from each other. Furthermore, the gas flow elements are 50 between the Interconnector 190 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas in the fuel chamber 176 arranged so as to coincide with the separator as viewed from the Z-axis direction 180 for ICs overlap.

As mentioned above, occurs during the power generation operation of the fuel cell stack 100 at each power generation unit 102 a difference between the gas pressure in the fuel chamber 176 and the gas pressure in the air chamber 166 . Therefore, there is also a difference between the gas pressure in the fuel chamber 176 a power generation unit 102 and the gas pressure in the air chamber 166 one to the power generation unit 102 neighboring further power generation unit 102 . The gas pressure in the air chamber is concrete 166 the further power generation unit 102 higher than the gas pressure in the fuel chamber 176 the one power generation unit 102 . There is therefore a risk that due to the gas pressure difference between the fuel chamber 176 and the air chamber 166 mechanical tension on the separator 180 for ICs, which is the fuel chamber 176 the one power generation unit 102 and the air chamber 166 the further power generation unit 102 separates from each other, arises and a section of the separator 180 for ICs that are not connected to the interconnector 190 or other structural elements is supported, is deformed (deformed so that the height of the fuel chamber 176 decreased). Furthermore, a section of the separator 180 for ICs that are between the interconnector 190 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas from the Z-axis direction is the performance of the fuel cell stack 100 can negatively affect the gas flow between the fuel chamber 176 and the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas or the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas is hindered if the above-mentioned deformation occurs.

As mentioned above, however, are with the fuel cell stack 100 according to the present embodiment, the gas flow elements 50 between the interconnector 190 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas in the fuel chamber 176 arranged so as to coincide with the separator as viewed from the Z-axis direction 180 for ICs overlap. By the presence of the gas flow elements 50 can therefore compared to an embodiment in which no gas flow element 50 is arranged, the above-mentioned deformation of the separator 180 for ICs at positions between the interconnector 190 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas viewed from the Z-axis direction can be prevented. Thus, the gas flow between the fuel chamber can be prevented 176 and the manifold 171 for introducing fuel gas or the manifold 172 for discharging fuel gas by deforming the separator 180 for ICs is hindered, so that the performance of the fuel cell stack can be prevented 100 worsened.

With the fuel cell stack 100 according to the present embodiment each comprises gas flow element 50 the first plate-shaped sections 51 extending in the direction intersecting the direction (direction in the XY plane) orthogonal to the Z-axis direction. According to the fuel cell stack 100 In the present embodiment, therefore, the first sections function 51 of the gas flow element 50 as struts that hold the separator 120 for a single cell which tends to deform in the Z-axis direction, which can effectively prevent the separator from breaking 120 is deformed in the Z-axis direction for a single cell. Thus, the performance of the fuel cell stack can be effectively prevented from deteriorating 100 by deformation of the separator 120 deteriorated for a single cell.

With the fuel cell stack 100 According to the present embodiment, the gas flow element comprises 50 furthermore the second plate-shaped section 52 holding the ends of two of the first sections 51 , which are arranged side by side, connects. According to the Fuel cell stack 100 of the present embodiment, therefore, the gas flow element 50 be designed to prevent gas flow in the fuel chamber 176 is hindered, while at the same time it has a relatively simple and easily manufactured construction.

With the fuel cell stack 100 according to the present embodiment, the length (total length) of the gas flow element is furthermore 50 (first gas flow element 50a) along the direction parallel to the first side SI1 that the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas into the single cell 110 facing from the Z-axis direction is at least half the length of the first side SI1 . The length (total length) of the gas through-flow element is also equal to 50 (second gas flow element 50b) along the direction parallel to the second side SI2 that the connection channel 143 for discharging fuel gas from the single cell 110 facing from the Z-axis direction is at least half the length of the second side SI2 . According to the fuel cell stack 100 of the present embodiment, therefore, the gas flow element 50 be sufficiently long so that by the presence of the gas flow element 50 can effectively prevent the separator 120 for a single cell is deformed along a large area in the Z-axis direction. Thus, the performance of the fuel cell stack can be effectively prevented from deteriorating 100 by deformation of the separator 120 deteriorated for a single cell.

• - den Manifold 161 zum Einleiten von Oxidationsgas, der ein Gas in die Luftkammer 166 jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 einleitet;
• - den Manifold 162 zum Ableiten von Oxidationsgas, der ein Gas von der Luftkammer 166 jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 ableitet;
• - den Verbindungskanal 132 zum Einleiten von Oxidationsgas, der den Manifold 161 zum Einleiten von Oxidationsgas mit der Luftkammer 166 jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 verbindet; und
• - den Verbindungskanal 133 zum Ableiten von Oxidationsgas, der den Manifold 162 zum Ableiten von Oxidationsgas mit der Luftkammer 166 jeder Stromerzeugungseinheit 102 verbindet.

The fuel cell stack 100 according to the present embodiment also has the following components:

• - the manifold 161 for introducing oxidizing gas, which is a gas into the air chamber 166 each power generation unit 102 initiates;
• - the manifold 162 for evacuating oxidizing gas, which is a gas from the air chamber 166 each power generation unit 102 derives;
• - the connection channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas into the manifold 161 for introducing oxidizing gas with the air chamber 166 each power generation unit 102 connects; and
• - the connection channel 133 for discharging oxidizing gas from the manifold 162 for discharging oxidizing gas with the air chamber 166 each power generation unit 102 connects.

The connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas and the connecting channel 133 for exhausting oxidizing gas are arranged so as to face the first side as viewed from the Z-axis direction SI1 the single cell 110 are facing while the connecting channel 143 for discharging fuel gas and the connecting duct 132 for introducing oxidizing gas are arranged such that they are the second side SI2 facing those of the first page SI1 the single cell 110 along the center of the single cell 110 opposite. Furthermore, the gas flow element is 50 between the single cell 110 and the connection channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas or the connecting channel 133 for discharging oxidizing gas in the fuel chamber 176 arranged from the Z-axis direction.

This can be done with every power generation unit 102 the section of the separator 120 for a single cell that is between the single cell 110 and the connection channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas or the connecting channel 133 for discharging oxidizing gas when viewed from the Z-axis direction is easily deformed in the Z-axis direction because it faces a region where the pressure in the air chamber 166 is locally high. As mentioned above, is with the fuel cell stack 100 according to the present embodiment, the gas flow element 50 between the single cell 110 and the connection channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas or the connecting channel 133 for discharging oxidizing gas in the fuel chamber 176 arranged from the Z-axis direction. According to the fuel cell stack 100 of the present embodiment can therefore by the presence of the gas flow element 50 prevented the above-mentioned portion of the separator 120 for a single cell that can easily deform is deformed in the Z-axis direction. Thus, the performance of the fuel cell stack can be effectively prevented from deteriorating 100 by deformation of the separator 120 deteriorated for a single cell.

• Die in der vorliegenden Beschreibung offenbarte Technik ist nicht auf die oben erwähnte Ausführungsform beschränkt, sondern kann in vielfacher Form modifiziert werden, solange nicht vom Rahmen des Grundgedankens der Erfindung abgewichen wird. Z. B. sind auch die folgenden Varianten möglich.

B. Alternative examples:

• The technique disclosed in the present specification is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but can be modified in various ways as long as the scope of the gist of the invention is not departed from. For example, the following variants are also possible.

The constructions of the fuel cell stack 100 and the respective components of the fuel cell stack 100 in the above-mentioned embodiment serve only as examples and can be variously modified. In the above-mentioned embodiment, e.g. B. the two gas flow elements 50 are arranged at the positions where they meet with the respective connecting portions as viewed from the Z-axis direction 128 , 188 of the separator 120 for a single cell and the separator 180 for ICs overlap. The two gas flow elements 50 however, they may also be arranged at positions where they interfere with portions other than the respective connection portions as viewed from the Z-axis direction 128 , 188 of the separator 120 for a single cell and the separator 180 for ICs overlap. In the above-mentioned embodiment, furthermore, the separator 120 for a single cell and the separator 180 for ICs the connection sections 128 , 188 on. The separator 120 for a single cell and the separator 180 however, the connection sections do not have to be used for ICs 128 , 188 exhibit.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, there is also a gas flow element 50 (first gas flow element 50a) between the connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas and the single cell 110 in the fuel chamber 176 arranged from the Z-axis direction. However, several gas flow elements can also be used 50 at this position be arranged. Also in the embodiment mentioned above is a gas flow element 50 (second gas flow element 50b) between the connecting channel 143 for discharging fuel gas and the single cell 110 in the fuel chamber 176 arranged from the Z-axis direction. However, several gas flow elements can also be used 50 be arranged at this position.

In the present embodiment, the length of the gas flow element is also 50 (first gas flow element 50a) along the direction parallel to the first side SI1 that the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas into the single cell 110 facing from the Z-axis direction is at least half the length of the first side SI1 while the length of the gas flow element 50 (second gas flow element 50b) along the direction parallel to the second side SI2 that the connection channel 143 for discharging fuel gas in the single cell 110 facing from the Z-axis direction is at least half the length of the second side SI2 amounts to. However, it is also possible for the length of the first gas throughflow element 50a and / or of the second gas throughflow element 50b to be smaller.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, there is also the gas flow-through element 50 between the single cell 110 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas in the fuel chamber 176 arranged from the Z-axis direction. However, it is also possible that the gas flow element 50 between the single cell 110 and either the connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas in the fuel chamber 176 is arranged as viewed from the Z-axis direction.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, they are all in the fuel cell stack 100 included power generation units 102 with the gas flow element 50 Mistake. However, it is not absolutely necessary that they all be in the fuel cell stack 100 included power generation units 102 with the gas flow element 50 are provided, but it is sufficient if at least one of the power generation units 102 with the gas flow element 50 is provided. The one with the gas flow element 50 provided power generation unit 102 corresponds to the specific electrochemical reaction unit in the claims.

In the embodiment mentioned above, the gas flow element is 50 between the interconnector 190 and the connection channel 142 for introducing fuel gas or the connecting duct 143 for discharging fuel gas in the fuel chamber 176 arranged so as to coincide with the separator as viewed from the Z-axis direction 180 for ICs overlapped. However, it does not necessarily have to be designed in this way. It is also not necessary that the fuel cell stack 100 with the separator 180 for ICs is provided. The interconnector 190 can also extend to the edge of the fuel cell stack 100 (ie a section that communicates with the cathode-side frame 130 or the frame on the anode side 140 overlapped when viewed from the Z-axis direction).

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the gas flow element is also used 50 produced by a plate material is bent in such a way that its cross section has a wave shape, wherein the gas flow element 50 has the construction in which the first plate-shaped portions 51 extending in a direction (direction in the XZ plane) orthogonal to the extending direction (Y-axis direction) of the entire gas flow element 50 extend, and the second plate-shaped portions 52 each the ends of two of the first sections 51 , which are arranged side by side, connect alternately in the extension direction (Y-axis direction) of the entire gas flow element 50 are aligned. The construction of the gas flow element 50 however, it can be modified in many ways. For example, the direction of extension of the first sections 51 not limited to the direction in the XZ plane, but may be any other direction as long as it is a direction that intersects the direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction (direction in the XY plane) (in other words, a direction that is not parallel to the direction in the XY plane). Furthermore, as an alternative example in 11A shows the number of second sections 52 that is the gas flow element 50 has, also be one. That is, the gas flow element 50 can have a second section 52 and several first sections 51 have extending from the second section 52 extend to one side (e.g. a bottom).

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the gas flow element also has 50 the grooves CH through which gas flows. Such as B. an alternative example in 11B shows, the gas flow element 50 instead of the grooves CH or drilling together with them HO have through which gas flows.

As also an alternative example in 11C shows, the gas flow element 50 a wave shape (mountain shape) in cross section have, in which the first plate-shaped sections 51 non-parallel to the direction (direction in the XZ plane) orthogonal to the direction of extension (Y-axis direction) of the entire gas flow element 50 are aligned. In this construction, too, is the direction of extension of the first sections 51 not parallel to the direction (direction in the XY plane) orthogonal to the Z-axis direction. In other words, the direction of extent intersects the first sections 51 the direction (direction in the XY plane) orthogonal to the Z-axis direction.

As also alternative examples in 12th and 13th can show the gas flow element 50 be designed such that several hollow or solid convex sections 55 from a substantially plate-shaped base plate which is substantially orthogonal in the Z-axis direction 54 protrude in the Z-axis direction. With the gas flow element 50 with this construction are between the respective convex sections 55 Grooves CH formed in a direction (X-axis direction in the present alternative examples) orthogonal to the extending direction (Y-axis direction) of the entire gas flow element 50 extend. The alternative examples in 12A-C is any convex section 55 essentially cuboid, in the alternative example in 13A is any convex section 55 essentially cylindrical, and in the alternative example in 13B is any convex section 55 essentially hemispherical. In the alternative examples in 12th and 13th can be the shape of the convex section 55 have a different shape. The gas flow element 50 with this construction z. B. be made by pressing or bending.

In the alternative example in 12A consists of every convex section 55 from two plate-shaped sections 56 that stand out from the base plate 54 extend in a direction in the XZ plane, and a plate-shaped portion 57 showing the front ends of the two plate-shaped sections 56 connects and extends in one direction in the XY plane. In this alternative example, therefore, are at the positions of the respective convex sections 55 Drilling HO formed, which extend in a direction (X-axis direction in the present alternative example) orthogonal to the direction of extension (Y-axis direction) of the entire gas flow element 50 extend. In the alternative example in 12A corresponds to each plate-shaped section 56 of each convex section 55 the said first section 51 , and the plate-shaped section 57 of each convex section 55 and the base plate 54 correspond to said second section 52 . In the alternative example in 12B consists of every convex section 55 from a plate-shaped section 56 that stands out from the base plate 54 extends in a direction in the XZ plane, and a plate-shaped portion 57 extending from a front end of the plate-shaped portion 56 extends in one direction in the XY plane. In this alternative example there are therefore also at the positions of the respective convex sections 55 Grooves CH formed, which extend in a direction (X-axis direction in the present alternative example) orthogonal to the direction of extension (Y-axis direction) of the entire gas flow element 50 extend. In the alternative example in 12B corresponds to the plate-shaped section 56 of each convex section 55 the said first section 51 , and the base plate 54 corresponds to said second section 52 . In the alternative example in 12C there is also each convex portion 55 from two plate-shaped sections 56 that stand out from the base plate 54 extending in one direction in the XZ plane, two plate-shaped sections 58 that stand out from the base plate 54 from extending in one direction in the YZ plane, and a plate-shaped portion 57 , the front ends of the two plate-shaped sections 56 with front ends of the two plate-shaped sections 58 connects and extends in one direction in the XY plane. In the alternative example in 12C corresponds to each plate-shaped section 56 of each convex section 55 the said first section 51 , and the plate-shaped section 57 of each convex section 55 and the base plate 54 correspond to said second section 52 .

In the embodiment mentioned above, the gas flow element is 50 designed such that a plate-shaped component is processed. The gas flow element 50 however, it can also be a mesh-like component on which several bores are formed through which gas flows. 14th and 15th are diagrams showing a cross-sectional construction of two power generating units arranged side by side 102 with mesh-like components as gas flow elements 50 show in the alternative example. As such a mesh-like component, for. B. a nickel mesh can be used. In this construction, the gas flow element 50 be designed to prevent gas flow in the fuel chamber 176 is hindered, while at the same time it has a relatively simple and easily manufactured construction. The diameter of the mesh fiber of the mesh-like component can, for. B. be about 0.03-0.06 mm.

In the embodiment mentioned above, the bores are 32 , 34 on the pair of end plates 104 , 106 educated. What at least one of the paired end plates 104 , 106 However, it is also possible that there are no holes 32 , 34 are trained. In the above-mentioned embodiment, the pair of end plates function 104 , 106 as a connection plate. However, it is also possible to have a connection plate separate from the pair of end plates 104 , 106 to be provided.

In the embodiment mentioned above, the interconnector comprises 190 the electrically conductive coating layer 194 . The interconnector 190 however, it does not have to be the coating layer 194 include. In the above-mentioned embodiment, the single cell 110 the reaction protective layer 118 on. The single cell 110 however, it does not have to be the reaction protective layer 118 exhibit. The number of individual cells is also used 110 (Number of power generation units 102 ) in the fuel cell stack 100 in the above-mentioned embodiment only as an example. The number of single cells 110 may vary depending on the fuel cell stack 100 required output voltage, among other things. The materials for the respective components in the above-mentioned embodiment are also given as examples only. The respective components can also consist of other materials.

The fuel cell stack 100 according to the above-mentioned embodiment is a counter-flow type SOFC. However, the technique disclosed in the present specification is equally applicable to a co-flow type SOFC. In addition, in the SOFC, the co-flow type is the connecting channel 142 for introducing fuel gas and the connecting channel 132 for introducing oxidizing gas, viewed from the Z-axis direction, arranged to face one side of the single cell 110 are facing while the connecting channel 143 for discharging fuel gas and the connecting duct 133 for discharging oxidizing gas are arranged in such a way that they face another side, the one side of the single cell 110 along the center of the single cell 110 opposite. The technique disclosed in the present specification is also equally applicable to a cross-flow type SOFC.

Furthermore, the embodiment mentioned above relates to a fuel cell stack 100 , which generates electricity by means of the electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen contained in the fuel gas and the oxygen contained in the oxidizing gas. However, the technique disclosed in the present specification is equally applicable to an electrolytic cell stack provided with a plurality of single electrolytic cells, which are structural elements of a solid oxide electrolytic cell (SOEC) that generates hydrogen using the electrolytic reaction of water. The basic structure of the electrolytic cell stack is already known, e.g. Am JP 2016-081813 A and is formed approximately as follows. Namely, the construction of the electrolytic cell stack can be obtained in that
the "generating unit" in the construction of the fuel cell stack 100 read as "electrolytic cell unit" according to the above-mentioned embodiment,
the "single cell" read as "electrolytic single cell",
the "Manifold for introducing oxidizing gas" read as "Manifold for discharging air",
the "Manifold for discharging oxidizing gas" read as "Manifold for introducing air",
the "Manifold for introducing fuel gas" read as "Manifold for discharging hydrogen",
the "Manifold for discharging fuel gas" read as "Manifold for introducing water vapor",
the "connecting channel for introducing oxidizing gas" read as "connecting channel for discharging air",
the "connecting channel for discharging oxidizing gas" read as "connecting channel for introducing air",
the “connecting channel for introducing fuel gas” is read as “connecting channel for discharging hydrogen” and the “connecting channel for discharging fuel gas” is read as “connecting channel for introducing water vapor”.

During the operation of the electrolytic cell stack, a voltage is applied to the electrolytic cell stack, so that the cathode 114 positive (anode) and the anode (hydrogen electrode) 116 is negative (cathode). Furthermore, water vapor is passed through the gas passage element as a raw gas 27 passed through into the manifold for introducing water vapor. Hydrogen gas can be contained in the water vapor supplied. The water vapor introduced into the manifold for introducing water vapor is fed into the fuel chamber by the manifold for introducing water vapor through the connecting duct for introducing water vapor of each electrolytic cell unit 176 initiated and made available for the electrolysis reaction of water in each individual electrolytic cell. That in the fuel chamber 176 Hydrogen gas generated by the electrolysis reaction of water in each single electrolytic cell is discharged together with the excess water vapor through the connecting passage for discharging hydrogen into the manifold for discharging hydrogen and from the manifold for discharging hydrogen through the gas passage member 27 taken through from the electrolytic cell stack.

During the operation of the electrolytic cell stack, the interior of the electrolytic cell stack is supplied with air as required in order to control the temperature of the electrolytic cell stack, among other things. In in this case, that is through the gas passage member 27 air introduced through the manifold for introducing air from the manifold for introducing air through the connecting duct for introducing air of each electrolytic cell unit through into the air chamber 166 initiated. The one in the air chamber 166 Introduced air is together with that in the cathode 114 generated oxygen is discharged through the connecting duct for discharging air into the manifold for discharging air and from the manifold for discharging air through the gas passage member 27 derived through to the outside of the electrolytic cell stack.

The electrolytic cell stack with this construction also has the same effect as the fuel cell stack 100 in the above-mentioned embodiment by having the same construction as the fuel cell stack 100 used in the above-mentioned embodiment.

Although the above-mentioned embodiment was explained using the example of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), the technique disclosed in the present specification is also applicable to other types of fuel cells (or electrolysis cells), such as e.g. B. Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFCs).

List of reference symbols

22nd

bolt

24

mother

26th

Insulating film

27

Gas passage element

28

Main body

29

Branch section

32, 34

Drilling

50

Gas flow element

51

first section

52

second part

54

Base plate

55

convex section

56

plate-shaped section

57

plate-shaped section

58

plate-shaped section

100

Fuel cell stack

102

Power generation unit

103

Power generation block

104, 106

End plates

108

Connecting hole

109

Bolt hole

110

Single cell

112

Electrolyte layer

114

cathode

116

anode

118

Reaction protection layer

120

Separator for a single cell

121

Through hole

124

Connecting part

125

Glass seal

126

inner section

127

outer section

128

Connection section

130

cathode-side frame

131

drilling

132

Connection channel for introducing oxidizing gas

133

Connection channel for discharging oxidizing gas

134

cathode-side current collector

140

anode-side frame

141

drilling

142

Connection channel for introducing fuel gas

143

Connection channel for discharging fuel gas

144

anode-side current collector

145

the section facing the electrode

146

the section facing the interconnector

147

Linking section

149

Spacers

150

Plate part

161

Manifold for introducing oxidizing gas

162

Manifold for discharging oxidizing gas

166

Air chamber

171

Manifold for introducing fuel gas

172

Manifold for discharging fuel gas

176

Fuel chamber

180

Separator for ICs

181

Through hole

186

inner section

187

outer section

188

Connection section

189

Separator for a lower end

190

Interconnector

194

Coating layer

196

electrically conductive connecting material

CH

Groove

FG

Fuel gas

FOG

Fuel exhaust

HO

drilling

1st floor

Oxidizing gas

OOG

Oxidation off-gas

SI1

first page

SI2

second page

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• JP 2016062655 A [0005]
• JP 2016081813 A [0086]

Claims (7)

Electrochemical reaction cell stack which is provided with a plurality of electrochemical reaction units which are arranged next to one another in a first direction and each comprise: - a single cell with - an electrolyte layer, - a cathode which is arranged on one side in the first direction with respect to the electrolyte layer , and an anode arranged on a different side in the first direction with respect to the electrolyte layer; and a first separator with a through hole, a section surrounding the through hole being connected to an edge region of the individual cell in order to separate an air chamber facing the cathode and a fuel chamber facing the anode from one another, the electrochemical reaction cell stack having the following components: a first Manifold that introduces a gas into the fuel chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit; a second manifold that discharges a gas from the fuel chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit; a first connection channel connecting the first manifold to the fuel chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit; and a second connection channel which connects the second manifold to the fuel chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit, characterized in that a specific electrochemical reaction unit, which is the at least one electrochemical reaction unit, further comprises a gas flow element which is between the single cell and at least one of the first and second connection channels in the fuel chamber, viewed from the first direction, is arranged in such a way that it overlaps with the first separator and has bores and / or grooves through which gas flows. Electrochemical reaction cell stack according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the particular electrochemical reaction unit further comprises: an electrically conductive interconnector arranged on the other side in the first direction with respect to the single cell along the fuel chamber and electrically connected to the anode; and a second separator having a through-hole, wherein a section surrounding the through-hole is connected to an edge region of the interconnector in order to separate the fuel chamber and the air chamber of the other electrochemical reaction unit from one another, and that the gas flow element is between the interconnector and at least one of the first and second connection passages are arranged in the fuel chamber as viewed from the first direction so as to overlap with the second separator. Electrochemical reaction cell stack according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the gas through- flow element comprises a plurality of first plate-shaped sections which extend in a direction which intersects a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. Electrochemical reaction cell stack according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the gas through- flow element comprises a second plate-shaped section which connects the ends of two of the first sections which are arranged next to one another. Electrochemical reaction cell stack according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the gas flow element is a mesh-like component. Electrochemical reaction cell stack according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the total length of the gas through-flow element along a direction parallel to a side facing at least one of the first and second connecting channels in the single cell viewed from the first direction is at least half the length of the side. Electrochemical reaction cell stack according to one of the Claims 1 until 6th , characterized in that the electrochemical reaction cell stack comprises the following components: a third manifold which introduces a gas into the air chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit; a fourth manifold that evacuates a gas from the air chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit; a third connection channel connecting the third manifold to the air chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit; and a fourth connection channel, which connects the fourth manifold to the air chamber of each electrochemical reaction unit, and that one of the first and second connection channels and one of the third and fourth connection channels, viewed from the first direction, are arranged in such a way that they face one side of the single cell are, while the other of the first and second communication channels and the other of the third and fourth communication channels are arranged to be facing another side, which is opposite the one side of the single cell along the center point of the single cell, and that the gas flow element is arranged between the single cell and at least one of the third and fourth connecting channels in the fuel chamber, viewed from the first direction.

Images