EP1576331A1 - Systeme de desaeration/degazage pour condensateurs de centrale electrique - Google Patents

Systeme de desaeration/degazage pour condensateurs de centrale electrique

Info

Publication number
EP1576331A1
EP1576331A1 EP03798937A EP03798937A EP1576331A1 EP 1576331 A1 EP1576331 A1 EP 1576331A1 EP 03798937 A EP03798937 A EP 03798937A EP 03798937 A EP03798937 A EP 03798937A EP 1576331 A1 EP1576331 A1 EP 1576331A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
condensate
degassing system
venting
condenser
suction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03798937A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1576331B1 (fr
Inventor
Francisco Blangetti
Hartwig E. Wolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Publication of EP1576331A1 publication Critical patent/EP1576331A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1576331B1 publication Critical patent/EP1576331B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/10—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for extracting, cooling, and removing non-condensable gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of power plant technology. It concerns a vent. Degassing system for power plant capacitors according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Power plant capacitors are devices that reduce the back pressure by precipitating the exhaust steam from steam turbines. Their task is to dissipate the heat of the steam, which is not converted into electricity, to the environment.
  • the performance of the condenser significantly influences the efficiency of the overall system and thus the generator output via the turbine back pressure.
  • venting or degassing suction devices are used, which are connected to the condensers in such a way that they suck a gas / steam mixture out of the condensation space of the condensers at a point where the steam pressure and the gas concentration are as high as possible.
  • the reason for this measure is the deterioration in the condensation performance and thus the condensation pressure in power plants caused by the reduction in the heat transfer coefficient due to the presence of even low concentrations of non-condensable components, which are also referred to as inert gases.
  • so-called air coolers are installed in the condensation chamber.
  • Air coolers are funnel-shaped sheet metal constructions in a pipe structure. They bring about a spatial acceleration of the steam / inert gas mixture, so that the steam velocity at the tube web does not fall too low due to the self-sucking effect of the condensation and the suction system and remains in the range of 2-3 m / s. This partially reduces the negative effects of the non-condensable gases.
  • the air cooler arranged inside the condenser thus has the function of achieving the greatest possible enrichment of the inert gases (non-condensable gases) in the mixture, because the following advantages are to be achieved thereby:
  • the concentration of the non-condensable components is too small, the enthalpy input of the excess steam is subject to additional thermal stress, which causes cavitation problems when using water ring pumps and water jet suction devices, while steam jet suction devices are less sensitive to this phenomenon.
  • the loss of condensation through the presence of inert gases is massive.
  • the condensation output is typically 20-30 kW / m 2 in the main condenser bore, it can drop to 0.3-0.5 kW / m 2 in the pre-cooler and air cooler room. This corresponds to a reduction of the heat flow densities by one and a half orders of magnitude.
  • a disadvantage of this known prior art is that inadequate suction capacity often occurs in power plants, especially when retrofitting condensers in boiling water reactors with a simultaneous increase in output. Then the existing suction capacity is usually no longer sufficient for the newly set pressure and the current thermal output.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the invention is based on the task of developing a venting / degassing system for power plant condensers, with which it is possible, in the case of converted condensers, to provide adequate suction power with the original suction unit, that is to say without replacement / retrofitting, even under new pressure and increased thermal output of the original suction unit.
  • the pressure drop can be reduced via the suction line and cavitation problems, especially in suction units with water ring pumps and water jet pumps, can be avoided.
  • this object is achieved in a venting / degassing system for power plant condensers which have a condensate collector and optionally an air cooler, the venting.
  • Degassing system consists essentially of a suction unit and a suction line for a vapor / inert gas mixture and said suction line connects the condenser or, in the presence of an air cooler, the ventilator of the condenser to the suction unit, solved in that a device for direct contact condensation is arranged in said suction line , which can be flowed through by the steam / inert gas mixture in direct contact in countercurrent to the cooled condensate from the condensate collector.
  • the system according to the invention makes it possible to enrich the concentration of the non-condensable components while at the same time reducing the mass / volume flow of the suction mixture.
  • sufficient suction power can be achieved with the original suction unit, ie without replacing / retrofitting the original suction unit.
  • the pressure loss through the suction line is reduced because the volume flow is reduced.
  • Cavitation problems, especially in suction units with water ring pumps and water jet pumps, are avoided because the gas mixture is removed from the cavitation limit.
  • the direct contact condensation eliminates the resistance of the wall and fouling, which worsen the heat transfer coefficient. Due to the constant destruction / new formation of the material and temperature boundary layers in the device for direct contact condensation (Start-up conditions) good transport performance can be achieved in both phases by the flow deflection. '
  • the device for direct contact condensation consists of at least one packing column. Further advantageous alternatives are step / ground contact devices or spray devices.
  • the device for direct contact condensation is installed outside the capacitor. If there is sufficient space, the device can also be arranged inside the capacitor.
  • a first condensate line with a condensate pump arranged branches off from the condensate collection vessel
  • a second condensate line branches off downstream of the condensate pump from the first condensate line, which is connected to a tube or plate heat exchanger through which cooling water flows, in which the condensate is heated to a temperature is cooled near the cooling water inlet temperature, and when from the tube or plate heat exchanger a third condensate line for the cooled condensate to the device for direct contact condensation.
  • Liquid distribution devices for example a spray device, are arranged. If the condensate is guided in this way, that is to say branched off after the condensate pump and routed to the condenser using the recirculation line, this advantageously ensures that a minimum amount is also present when starting up or in part-load operation. In addition, the amount of condensate required is very small.
  • the cooling of the condensate from the condensation temperature down to about the cooling water inlet temperature can be implemented particularly well in tube or plate heat exchangers.
  • the device for direct contact condensation has a siphon for the condensate mixture the returned cold condensate and the newly formed condensate in the device and the siphon opens into the condenser in such a way that the condensate mixture is vented as a wet wall column.
  • composition of the mixture can be cleaned by changing the cold condensate flow and / or its temperature.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the circuit diagram of the vent according to the invention. Degassing system and
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail of Fig. 1, which the device for
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment and FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the circuit diagram of the vent according to the invention. Degassing system for one Power plant capacitor, while FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 1.
  • the condenser 1 has a condenser neck 2, a steam dome 3, condenser tubes 5 arranged in the condensation space 4 and an air cooler 6 as well as an inlet water chamber 7, an outlet water chamber 8 and a condensate collection container 9 (Hotwell).
  • a first condensate line 10 branches off from the condensate collecting container 9, in which a condensate pump 11 is arranged.
  • a second condensate line 12 branches off from the line 10, which leads to the entry of a plate heat exchanger 13.
  • a throttle device for regulating the mass flow of condensate and for reducing the pressure from approx. 40-50 bar to 2-3 bar is arranged in line 12, which is very important for the plate heat exchanger 13.
  • the outlet of the plate heat exchanger 13 is connected to a third condensate line 14, which leads to a device for direct condensation 15 consisting of at least one packing column 17 and opens into the part of the device 15 which is located above the packing column 17.
  • An orifice 27 is arranged in line 14, which serves to prevent two-phase flow from occurring in the water supply line.
  • a liquid distribution device 23 for the cold condensate 24 is arranged at the end of the condensate line 14. In this exemplary embodiment, the device 15 is arranged outside the capacitor 1.
  • the packing column 17 known per se consists of internals with a very large surface area. From the lower part of the device 15, which is located below the packing column 17, a siphon 18 branches off. The siphon 18 opens into the condenser 1 in such a way that the condensate mixture is vented as a wet wall column.
  • a suction line 19 coming from the air cooler 6 for the steam / inert gas mixture 20 opens into the lower part of the device 15.
  • a suction line 21 branches off from the upper part of the device 15 for the volume flow of the steam / inert gas mixture 20 which is reduced in the packing column 17.
  • the suction line 21 opens into the suction unit 22.
  • the suction unit 22 is a vacuum pump, for example a water jet pump, a water ring pump or a steam jet suction device.
  • Turbine exhaust 25 flows through the condenser neck 2 and the steam dome 3 of the condenser 1 into the condensation space 4. Cooling water 26 is fed uniformly to the condenser tubes 5 via the inlet water chamber 7, flows through the condenser tubes 5 and leaves the condenser 1 via the outlet water chamber 8 On the outside of the condenser tubes 5, the turbine exhaust 25 condenses and gives off the heat of condensation to the cooling water 26 in the interior of the tubes 5. The resulting condensate is collected in the condensate collection container 9 and fed back to the water / steam circuit via line 10 by means of a condensate pump 11.
  • Part of the condensate is branched off from the line 10 after the condensate pump 11 and recirculated to the condenser 1, so that a minimum amount is available when starting up or under partial load.
  • the amount of condensate required for this is small. For example, it is approx. 3-5 kg for a ratio of 1 to 30-40 for suction mixture mass flow to cold condensate for a condenser of the 300 MWe class.
  • the condensate to be returned to the condenser 1 is fed to the plate heat exchanger 13 via the line 12. Since this is also fed with cold cooling water 25, heat exchange takes place there.
  • the condensate is cooled from the condensation temperature to approx. 1 K degree in relation to the cooling water inlet temperature.
  • a tubular heat exchanger can also be used instead of a plate heat exchanger. With these devices, however, 100% redundancy should be provided, since cleaning should alternatively be carried out.
  • the at least one packing column 17 consists of packing elements or structured packings with a very large surface area.
  • the volume-specific transfer area of the pack of a product available on the market is approximately 250 m 2 / m 3 .
  • a tube with an outer diameter of 24 mm and a web of 8 mm results in approximately 85 m 2 / m 3 .
  • the at least one packing column 17 is flowed through in direct contact in counterflow from cooled condensate 24 and the steam / inert gas mixture 20, which is introduced from the air cooler 6 via the suction line 19 into the lower part of the device 15. Due to the direct contact and the large surface of the pack, which lead to long dwell times and turbulence, the heat transfer is significantly improved. Therefore, part of the steam in the steam / inert gas mixture 20 is condensed. The reduction in the steam fraction reduces the total mass flow of the steam / inert gas mixture 20, which is fed to the suction unit 22 via the suction line 21.
  • the volume flow can be reduced by 35-45%, as a result of which the pressure loss in the suction line 21 is reduced by more than half.
  • the pressure drop across the packing is less than 1 mbar at a load factor of 1.72 at the bottom of the packing.
  • the volume reduction can be improved further by increasing the ratio of the liquid volume flow (cold condensate 24) to the counter volume flow (steam / inert gas mixture 24).
  • composition of the mixture can be controlled properly by changing the cold water flow and / or its temperature.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment described.
  • the device 15 can also be arranged inside the condenser 1 if there is enough space, or the device 15 can be dispensed with entirely on the internal air cooler 6 in the condenser 1.
  • packing columns 17, tray columns, step columns or simply spray devices can also advantageously be used as devices 15.
  • a tubular heat exchanger can also be arranged in the system instead of the plate heat exchanger.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de désaération/dégazage conçu pour un condensateur de centrale électrique (1) comprenant un collecteur de condensat (9) et éventuellement un refroidisseur à air (6). Selon l'invention, ledit système de désaération/dégazage est essentiellement constitué d'une unité d'aspiration (22) ainsi que d'une conduite d'aspiration (19, 21) conçues pour un mélange vapeur/gaz inerte (20). En outre, ladite conduite d'aspiration (19, 21) relie le condensateur (1), ou éventuellement le refroidisseur à air (6) du condensateur (1) lorsque ce dernier est pourvu d'un refroidisseur à air (6), à l'unité d'aspiration (22). La présente invention est caractérisée en ce qu'un dispositif (15) de condensation par contact direct tel qu'une colonne à garnissage (17) ou un appareil de contact au sol est disposé dans ladite conduite d'aspiration (19, 21) et peut être traversé par le mélange vapeur/gaz inerte (20) par contact direct à contre-courant du condensat refroidit (24) provenant du collecteur de condensat (9).
EP03798937A 2002-09-30 2003-09-25 Condenseur avec systeme de deaeration/degazage pour centrale thermique Expired - Fee Related EP1576331B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10245935 2002-09-30
DE10245935A DE10245935A1 (de) 2002-09-30 2002-09-30 Entlüftungs-/Entgasungssystem für Kraftwerkskondensatoren
PCT/EP2003/050658 WO2004031672A1 (fr) 2002-09-30 2003-09-25 Systeme de desaeration/degazage pour condensateurs de centrale electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1576331A1 true EP1576331A1 (fr) 2005-09-21
EP1576331B1 EP1576331B1 (fr) 2006-11-29

Family

ID=32049187

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03798937A Expired - Fee Related EP1576331B1 (fr) 2002-09-30 2003-09-25 Condenseur avec systeme de deaeration/degazage pour centrale thermique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7540905B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1576331B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003299148A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10245935A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004031672A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100199670A1 (en) 2009-02-06 2010-08-12 Siemens Energy, Inc. Power Generation Plant Having Inert Gas Deaerator and Associated Methods
DE102012108992A1 (de) * 2012-09-24 2014-06-12 Clyde Bergemann TERMOTEC GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betrieb eines luftgekühlten Kondensationsapparates
EP3015660B1 (fr) * 2014-10-31 2018-12-05 Orcan Energy AG Procédé pour le fonctionnement d'un cycle thermodynamique
KR102216364B1 (ko) * 2017-04-11 2021-02-17 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트 보존 방법
JP7384771B2 (ja) * 2020-09-18 2023-11-21 三菱重工業株式会社 蒸気タービンプラント、及びそのクリーニング方法

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1353855A (en) * 1915-11-01 1920-09-28 British Westinghouse Electric Steam-condenser apparatus
US1542544A (en) * 1920-11-26 1925-06-16 William S Elliott Separation of air and dissolved gases from liquids
FR948379A (fr) * 1947-06-04 1949-07-29 Delas Condenseurs Perfectionnements apportés à la séparation des gaz incondensables dans les condenseurs
US2626005A (en) * 1949-01-08 1953-01-20 Worthington Corp Method and apparatus for removal of ammonia in boiler feedwater systems
FR1085112A (fr) * 1953-06-18 1955-01-27 Procédé et dispositifs de désaération complémentaire pour ?seurs principaux de centrales électriques et de navires
CH640598A5 (en) 1979-09-06 1984-01-13 Sulzer Ag Steam power plant with air-cooled steam condenser
JPS58106108A (ja) * 1981-12-18 1983-06-24 Hitachi Ltd バイナリ発電プラント凝縮器の抽気装置
US5165237A (en) * 1991-03-08 1992-11-24 Graham Corporation Method and apparatus for maintaining a required temperature differential in vacuum deaerators
DE19506757A1 (de) 1995-02-27 1996-08-29 Abb Management Ag Kombikraftwerk
DE19549139A1 (de) * 1995-12-29 1997-07-03 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren und Apparateanordnung zur Aufwärmung und mehrstufigen Entgasung von Wasser
DE19924853A1 (de) * 1999-05-31 2000-12-07 Asea Brown Boveri Kondensatormodul-System mit einer Apparateanordnung zum Aufwärmen und Entgasen von Zusatzwasser
EP1093836A1 (fr) * 1999-10-21 2001-04-25 ABB (Schweiz) AG Système de dégazage pour une centrale

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004031672A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7540905B2 (en) 2009-06-02
AU2003299148A1 (en) 2004-04-23
DE50305876D1 (de) 2007-01-11
DE10245935A1 (de) 2004-05-19
EP1576331B1 (fr) 2006-11-29
WO2004031672A1 (fr) 2004-04-15
US20060010869A1 (en) 2006-01-19

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