EP1576321A2 - Circuit de refrigerant et installation frigorifique - Google Patents

Circuit de refrigerant et installation frigorifique

Info

Publication number
EP1576321A2
EP1576321A2 EP03789276A EP03789276A EP1576321A2 EP 1576321 A2 EP1576321 A2 EP 1576321A2 EP 03789276 A EP03789276 A EP 03789276A EP 03789276 A EP03789276 A EP 03789276A EP 1576321 A2 EP1576321 A2 EP 1576321A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
refrigerant
refrigerant circuit
circuit according
emitter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03789276A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roland Burk
Peter Geskes
Conrad Pfender
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1576321A2 publication Critical patent/EP1576321A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00928—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/3298—Ejector-type refrigerant circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/044—Condensers with an integrated receiver
    • F25B2339/0444—Condensers with an integrated receiver where the flow of refrigerant through the condenser receiver is split into two or more flows, each flow following a different path through the condenser receiver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/044—Condensers with an integrated receiver
    • F25B2339/0445—Condensers with an integrated receiver with throttle portions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0012—Ejectors with the cooled primary flow at high pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0014—Ejectors with a high pressure hot primary flow from a compressor discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigerant circuit with heat sensors and heat emitters and a refrigeration system with a refrigerant circuit.
  • Such refrigerant circuits are used in refrigeration systems, such as air conditioning systems, to transport heat from at least a first spatial area to at least a second spatial area, in particular with a temperature level that is the same or higher than that of the first spatial area.
  • the refrigerant absorbs heat in a heat exchanger operated as a heat exchanger in the first spatial area, is conducted to a heat exchanger operated as a heat transmitter in the second spatial area in order to give off heat there.
  • the refrigerant is usually passed through the heat absorber in a relaxed state, i.e. at a reduced temperature, and in a compressed state, i.e. at an elevated temperature, through the heat emitter.
  • the refrigerant circuit comprises a compression element, such as one
  • BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE Compressor and a relaxation element, such as an expansion valve, so that the refrigerant flows through the circuit in the sequence compression element - heat emitter - relaxation element - heat absorber.
  • Condensers are often used as heat emitters, in which the refrigerant condenses by releasing heat energy, the temperature of the refrigerant changing only insignificantly during the phase transition condensation.
  • refrigerant evaporators are often used as heat absorbers, in which the refrigerant is evaporated, the temperature of the refrigerant likewise changing only insignificantly during the phase transition evaporation.
  • refrigerant circuits are sometimes operated without phase transitions of the refrigerant, the terms "condenser” and "evaporator” are sometimes misleading and, apart from specific examples, should not be used here.
  • the temperature levels of a refrigerant circuit mainly depend on the pressure levels, with higher temperatures prevailing on the high-pressure side of the circuit, ie in the direction of flow of the refrigerant after the compression element, than on the low-pressure side after the expansion element. If several heat sensors are to be used in a refrigerant circuit, the pressure conditions on the low-pressure side of the circuit must be adapted to the heat sensor with the lowest desired operating temperature, since this heat sensor could not absorb enough thermal energy at higher temperatures. If a higher temperature is desired or sufficient for a further heat sensor, it is thermodynamically uneconomical to operate this additional heat sensor at a low temperature. The corresponding consideration also applies analogously to heat emitters. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a refrigerant circuit and / or a refrigeration system in which a plurality of heat absorbers and / or a plurality of heat emitters can each be operated at different temperatures.
  • a refrigerant circuit has at least one heat receiver, in which heat can be absorbed by a refrigerant, and at least one heat emitter, in which heat can be released by the refrigerant.
  • the object of the invention is advantageously achieved in that a plurality of functionally identical heat exchangers, that is to say a plurality of heat absorbers or a plurality of heat emitters, can be operated at different refrigerant pressures.
  • the basic idea of the invention namely to adapt the operating temperatures of several functionally identical heat exchangers to different requirements, can be implemented in a simple manner.
  • heat exchangers with the same function are to be regarded as those heat exchangers which simultaneously perform the same function during operation of the refrigerant circuit, ie either heat transfer from a medium to the refrigerant or from the refrigerant to a medium.
  • a medium for example, a liquid, gaseous, supercritical or any other fluid can be considered, such as, for example, a solid or a device, in particular a heat-generating device or combinations thereof.
  • the functional equality of two heat exchangers is not affected by possibly different functions that two or more heat exchangers fulfill carriers at different times, for example in different operating modes of the refrigerant circuit.
  • Two refrigerant pressure levels are different from one another in the context of the present invention if the difference between the pressure amounts of the individual levels is greater than a pressure drop which usually occurs, for example, along refrigerant lines or heat exchangers.
  • a pressure drop which usually occurs, for example, along refrigerant lines or heat exchangers.
  • two hydraulically connected heat exchangers cannot be operated at different refrigerant pressure levels, provided that no conveying or throttling means for the refrigerant are provided in or between the two heat exchangers.
  • a pressure difference caused by a compression element or a relaxation element is very well suited to generating two different refrigerant pressure levels within the scope of the invention.
  • compression element Any device that is suitable for conveying refrigerant from one location of a circuit to another location of the circuit with higher pressure, that is to say compressing refrigerant, is referred to as a compression element.
  • Compressors and pumps are examples of compression elements.
  • any device that is suitable for generating a pressure drop between one location of a refrigerant circuit and another location of the circuit, that is to say refrigerant, is referred to as a relaxation element.
  • Externally controllable and non-controllable expansion valves and throttles are examples of expansion elements, with each constriction in the refrigerant circuit, for example a tube of small diameter between two heat exchangers, possibly being suitable as a throttle.
  • a desired constriction that is to say in this sense suitable as a throttle, a flow diameter reduced by half may be sufficient.
  • a throttle can be easily integrated into a heat exchanger.
  • a throttle integrated in the heat exchanger can also be realized by a reduced number of flow channels which form the first or last flow path of the heat exchanger and are hydraulically parallel to one another.
  • a first heat sensor, a second heat sensor and a heat emitter can be operated at three different pressure levels, the first heat sensor being able to be operated at higher pressure than the second heat sensor.
  • the first and second heat sensors are connected hydraulically in parallel, each of the two heat sensors having its own expansion element connected upstream and / or downstream, so that the heat sensor can be acted on with refrigerant at different pressure levels. Under certain circumstances, it is sufficient if a relaxation element is connected upstream or downstream of only the first or only the second heat receiver.
  • a first and a second heat absorber are hydraulically connected in series, a pressure difference being able to be achieved by an intermediate relaxation element.
  • a first heat sensor and a heat emitter can be operated at a common pressure level.
  • additional compression and / or relaxation elements and an associated manufacturing, assembly and cost expenditure are saved wall.
  • the operating temperature of the first heat sensor corresponds at least approximately to the operating temperature of the heat emitter.
  • a compensation element for the refrigerant such as a collecting container, in which a filter element and / or a dryer can optionally be accommodated, is particularly preferably arranged downstream of the first heat receiver.
  • the compensating element is essentially constructed in the same way as a compensating element usually connected downstream of a heat emitter and is used for collection and, if necessary, phase separation of the refrigerant, so that only liquid refrigerant is supplied to an expansion element.
  • the first heat receiver is arranged hydraulically between two sections of the heat emitter. This means that, after flowing through a first section of the heat transmitter, refrigerant is passed through the first heat receiver and then returned to the heat transmitter, where it subsequently flows through a second section.
  • the entire refrigerant flow is conducted through the first heat sensor.
  • only a part of the refrigerant flow is led through the first heat receiver, while another part of the refrigerant flow is conducted from the first to the second section of the heat transmitter through a bypass connection.
  • the bypass connection particularly preferably comprises a third section of the heat transmitter, so that after the first section the refrigerant flows through either the first heat receiver or the third section of the heat transmitter and finally through the second section.
  • the first heat absorber forms a closed partial circuit with a section of the heat emitter.
  • the refrigerant is then removed from a main circuit downstream of the heat transmitter section, passed through the first heat receiver and fed back to the main circuit upstream of the heat transmitter section.
  • the partial circuit contains a compression and a relaxation element, for example the compression element also serving as a compression element of the main circuit.
  • the closed sub-circuit is preferably within a pressure level, ie no compression or expansion elements are contained in the sub-circuit.
  • the first heat absorber is arranged geodetically lower than the heat emitting section of the partial circuit.
  • Refrigerant which absorbs heat in the first heat receiver, that is to say is heated, rises upward, enters the heat emitting section in order to give off heat there, that is to say to be cooled, and to sink down again to the first heat receiver.
  • No compression element is required for such a so-called natural circulation, which is why this heat transport also takes place when a compression element is either switched off or is not present at all. It can therefore be heated or cooled to save energy.
  • an additional refrigerant delivery device such as a liquid pump, is particularly preferably provided, with which a pressure drop along the partial refrigerant circuit can be compensated.
  • suction element to maintain a refrigerant flow in the partial circuit, via which the first heat sensor communicates with the main circuit.
  • the suction element which is designed, for example, as a so-called Venturi nozzle or the like, sucks refrigerant out of the first heat absorber and feeds it to the main circuit. This also causes a pressure drop compensated or overcompensated along the partial refrigerant circuit.
  • the suction element can advantageously be integrated into a heat emitter.
  • At least one heat sensor with at least one heat emitter forms a structural unit.
  • a simplified assembly in a given installation space can be realized with such a combined component.
  • At least one heat absorber can also be cooled. This means that only part of the heat energy absorbed is transferred to the refrigerant and transported away, and part is given off directly to a cooling medium, such as air flowing past.
  • At least one heat sensor which can be operated in particular at a higher refrigerant pressure than at least one other heat sensor, absorbs heat energy from a medium of a secondary circuit, the secondary circuit being particularly preferably a coolant circuit. This enables indirect cooling of one or more heat-generating components.
  • a first heat sensor is designed as a cooler for electronic components.
  • a second heat absorber is particularly preferably designed as a cold generator of an air conditioning system, in particular for motor vehicles.
  • the idea of the invention is particularly noticeable here, since air conditioning refrigerators are usually operated at significantly lower temperatures than refrigerators. electronic components. It is therefore particularly advantageous in this case to operate two heat sensors at different pressure levels.
  • the refrigerant circuit according to the invention is used in a refrigeration system in order to cool or heat several components at different temperature levels.
  • Fig. 9 a schematic view of a secondary circuit.
  • a refrigerant circuit 10 is shown in a schematic view in FIG. 1.
  • a compression element 20 and a relaxation element 30 delimit a high-pressure side 40 and a low-pressure side 50 of the circuit 10.
  • refrigerant therefore flows counterclockwise through the circuit 10, by compression in the compression element 20, which is designed, for example, as a compressor the temperature of the refrigerant increases, whereupon heat of the refrigerant is dissipated in a heat emitter 60 to air flowing past, indicated by arrows 70.
  • the refrigerant then flows through a first heat receiver 80, in which it contains heat from a component, not shown, to be cooled, such as an electronic control device or the like.
  • the refrigerant is then collected in a compensating or collecting tank 90 and fed to the expansion element 30, where it enters the low-pressure side 50.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant drops significantly, so that a further component, not shown, such as an air flow or the like, can be cooled in a second heat receiver 100 while absorbing thermal energy.
  • the cooling temperature of the component cooled by the low-pressure side heat sensor 100 is significantly lower than the cooling temperature of the component cooled by the high-pressure side heat sensor 80, since the heat sensor can be operated at the pressure level of the heat emitter.
  • the refrigerant circuit 10 is closed by forwarding the refrigerant to the compression element 20.
  • the refrigerant circuit 10 is operated with a two-phase refrigerant, such as R134a, the difference in the temperature levels on the high-pressure side 40 or on the low-pressure side 50 is particularly pronounced.
  • the temperature of the two-phase range of the refrigerant on the high pressure side is generally in the range from 40 ° C. to 70 ° C., on the other hand in the range of 0 ° C.
  • the heat absorber 100 then operated as an evaporator on the low-pressure side is suitable for cooling air to air-condition a room, for example an interior in a motor vehicle, and the heat absorber 80 on the high-pressure side is at a preferred cooling temperature for electronic components such as control units and adapted similar.
  • the refrigerant expanded in the expansion element 30 is thus evaporated in the evaporator 100, compressed in the compressor 20, condensed in the heat emitter 60, which then acts as a condenser, in the heat absorber.
  • mer 80 at least partially evaporated and / or heated and finally collected in the compensating element 90, where the gaseous fraction is separated.
  • FIG. 2 shows a refrigerant circuit 110 with a compression element 120, a heat emitter 130, a first heat absorber 140, a compensating element 150, a relaxation element 160 and a second heat absorber 170.
  • Refrigerant flows here through a first section 180 of the heat emitter 130, then through the first Heat absorber 170 and then through a second section 190 of heat emitter 130.
  • the first heat absorber 170 is flowed through by the entire refrigerant.
  • the pressure level of the first heat absorber and thus also of the second section 190 of the heat emitter 130 may be reduced with the aid of a relaxation element 200.
  • the expansion element 200 is formed as a throttle through a small opening through which the refrigerant has to pass, the opening being able to be arranged, for example, in a partition of a header box of the heat emitter 130.
  • the compensating element for example in the form of a collecting container and optionally equipped with a filter and / or dryer unit, forms with the heat emitter. a structural unit, wherein the refrigerant is passed through a so-called sub-cooling section of the heat emitter after flowing through the compensating element.
  • a first heat absorber 220 is only detected by a part 230 of the refrigerant flow, whereas another part 240 of the refrigerant flow flows through a third section 250 of the heat exchanger 260, the third section 250 between a first section 270 and a second section 280 of the heat emitter 260 is arranged.
  • Refrigerant 1 coming from the compression element 290 therefore flows through the first section 270 of the heat emitter 260, is then divided between the third section 250 and the first heat absorber 220 and is then combined again in the third section 280 of the heat emitter 260.
  • the refrigerant is then again collected in a compensating element 300 so that a gaseous portion of the refrigerant can be separated if necessary.
  • the refrigerant circuit 310 in FIG. 4 differs in principle from the circuit 210 known from FIG. 3 in that the first heat absorber 320 is arranged geodetically lower than the heat emitter 360, in particular as its middle section 350, with which the first heat absorber is combined forms a closed sub-circuit.
  • the refrigerant circuit 410 shown in FIG. 5 enables heat to be transported from the first heat absorber 420 to the heat emitter 460 or its central section 450 even when the compression element 490 is switched off.
  • Such natural circulation cooling runs by itself, because the refrigerant through a.
  • Heat absorption in the first heat absorber 420 is heated - and / or possibly partially evaporated, rises to the top and is cooled and / or condensed again in the central section 450 of the heat emitter 460, after which the refrigerant sinks again and arrives at the first heat absorber.
  • the transported thermal energy is released to an air stream 470, for example.
  • a cooling effect of the first heat absorber 420 is therefore retained even when the compression element 490 is switched off, for example in the winter operation of an air conditioning system. The associated saving in energy is evident.
  • the direction of flow of the refrigerant through the first heat absorber 420 has been reversed.
  • the natural circulation is supported by a small refrigerant delivery device, such as a liquid pump, the.
  • Refrig 'ittel basicvoriques may be located either before or after the first heat receiver.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further refrigerant circuit 510 with a heat transmitter 540 consisting of a first section 520 and a second section 530, in which a first heat receiver 550 forms a closed circuit with the second section 530 of the heat transmitter 540.
  • the first heat sensor communicates 550 via a suction element 560 with the heat emitter 540, the suction element 560 being designed, for example, as a so-called venturi nozzle, in which the pressure in the line 570 coming from the first heat absorber 550 is reduced within the heat emitter 540 by means of refrigerant flowing past.
  • FIG. 7 shows a refrigerant circuit 610 with a suction element 660.
  • the suction element 660 is between the Compression element 680 and the heat emitter 640 arranged.
  • the direction of flow of the refrigerant is also indicated by arrows in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 8 shows a refrigerant circuit 710 as a further variant, in which a high-pressure side 720 and a low-pressure side 730 are separated from one another by a compression element 740 and two expansion elements 750, 760.
  • a partial circuit 800 formed by a first heat absorber 770 and a section 780 of a heat emitter 790 extends on both sides 720, 730.
  • the refrigerant from the first heat absorber 770 is released into the low-pressure side 730 by the expansion element 750, which is designed, for example, as a throttle dissipated to be finally compressed by the compression element 740 and supplied to the heat emitter 790.
  • the refrigerant is divided into the sub-circuit 800 and a main circuit 810 of the refrigerant circuit 710.
  • a second section 820 of the heat emitter 790, a compensating element 830, the relaxation element 760 and a second heat absorber 840 on the low pressure side 730 are located in the main circuit 810.
  • the partial circuit 800 is located between the heat emitter 790 and the first heat absorber 770 a further relaxation element, so that the pressure and / or the temperature of the heat absorber 770 compared to the heat emitter 790 can, if necessary, be reduced to a reduced level.
  • the second section 820 of the heat emitter 790 is omitted, so that the branch point of the partial circuit 800 from the main circuit 810 is hydraulically arranged between the heat emitter 790 and the relaxation element 760 and before or after the compensating element 830.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a section of a refrigerant circuit 910 according to the present invention.
  • a heat receiver 920 is arranged on a high-pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 910 to receive thermal energy from a secondary cooling circuit 930.
  • the secondary cooling circuit 930 is used to transport heat from several components 940, 950 and 960 connected in series or in parallel to one another to the heat exchanger 920, which from the perspective of the cooling circuit 930 is a heat emitter.
  • a coolant circulation through the cooling circuit 930 is ensured by a compression element 970, which is designed, for example, as a coolant pump.
  • the components 940, 950 and 960 to be cooled are, for example, electronic assemblies or controls or other heat-generating devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit de réfrigérant comprenant au moins un élément d'absorption de chaleur et au moins un élément de dissipation de chaleur. L'invention se caractérise en ce que des éléments de transfert de chaleur remplissant la même fonction peuvent être actionnés dans ce circuit de réfrigérant en présence de niveaux de pression de réfrigérant différents. L'invention concerne également une installation frigorifique pourvue d'un tel circuit de réfrigérant.
EP03789276A 2002-12-16 2003-12-15 Circuit de refrigerant et installation frigorifique Withdrawn EP1576321A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10258966 2002-12-16
DE10258966 2002-12-16
PCT/EP2003/014232 WO2004055450A2 (fr) 2002-12-16 2003-12-15 Circuit de refrigerant et installation frigorifique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1576321A2 true EP1576321A2 (fr) 2005-09-21

Family

ID=32519016

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03789276A Withdrawn EP1576321A2 (fr) 2002-12-16 2003-12-15 Circuit de refrigerant et installation frigorifique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20050229629A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1576321A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006509991A (fr)
AU (1) AU2003293880A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10358944A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004055450A2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006509991A (ja) 2006-03-23
DE10358944A1 (de) 2004-07-15
AU2003293880A8 (en) 2004-07-09
WO2004055450A2 (fr) 2004-07-01
AU2003293880A1 (en) 2004-07-09
WO2004055450A3 (fr) 2004-11-11
US20050229629A1 (en) 2005-10-20

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