EP1574782B1 - Brûleur à évaporation, en particulier pour un dispositif de chauffage de voiture - Google Patents

Brûleur à évaporation, en particulier pour un dispositif de chauffage de voiture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1574782B1
EP1574782B1 EP05001680.7A EP05001680A EP1574782B1 EP 1574782 B1 EP1574782 B1 EP 1574782B1 EP 05001680 A EP05001680 A EP 05001680A EP 1574782 B1 EP1574782 B1 EP 1574782B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
combustion chamber
fuel
air inlet
burner according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP05001680.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1574782A3 (fr
EP1574782A8 (fr
EP1574782A2 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Priority to PL05001680T priority Critical patent/PL1574782T3/pl
Publication of EP1574782A2 publication Critical patent/EP1574782A2/fr
Publication of EP1574782A8 publication Critical patent/EP1574782A8/fr
Publication of EP1574782A3 publication Critical patent/EP1574782A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1574782B1 publication Critical patent/EP1574782B1/fr
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
    • F23D3/40—Burners using capillary action the capillary action taking place in one or more rigid porous bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an evaporator burner, in particular for a vehicle heater, comprising a combustor housing providing a combustion chamber with a peripheral wall and a bottom wall according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • an air / fuel mixture to be combusted in the combustion chamber is produced by evaporation of the initially liquid supplied fuel.
  • the evaporation may be assisted by providing a porous evaporator medium to the inside of the combustor casing, through which porous evaporator medium the feed fuel is first distributed over a larger surface area and then evaporated towards the combustor.
  • a heating device to the porous evaporator medium, in order to be able to provide sufficient heat, in particular in the startup phase, in order to be able to convert even heavy-boiling or hardly evaporating fuels into the vapor phase in sufficient quantity.
  • the ignition of the air / fuel mixture generated in the combustion chamber is effected by an ignition element, generally a Glühzündux, which is arranged in the region of the porous evaporator medium and extends into the combustion chamber to produce locally very high temperatures.
  • an ignition element generally a Glühzündux
  • High-boiling fuels can lead to the problem that a supersaturation of the porous evaporator medium takes place, with the risk that due to the insufficient evaporation, a fuel sump in the region of the combustion chamber is formed, which can lead to deposits.
  • Excessive heating of such an evaporator burner in particular in the area of the fuel supply and in the area of the combustion air supply, may adversely affect the feed behavior, with the risk that unfavorable combustion conditions arise and thus, in particular, also the ignition behavior is impaired or the combustion can not proceed with the required emission of pollutants.
  • the DE 40 36 147 A1 discloses an evaporator burner according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • This evaporator burner is constructed in the region of a combustion chamber housing providing a combustion chamber with a double-walled peripheral wall having an inner wall and an outer wall.
  • peripheral combustion air inlet openings are provided, through which the air required for combustion from a combustion chamber housing in the region of its peripheral wall annular space is introduced into the combustion chamber.
  • this object is achieved by an evaporator burner, in particular for a vehicle heater, according to claim 1.
  • the combustion chamber housing Due to the at least partially double-walled design of the combustion chamber housing with provision of a gap between the two walls of a very good thermal insulation of that space is achieved in a very compact and stable structure in which arise during combustion very high temperatures. Through this improved insulation, both the combustion air supply and the Fuel supply take place at thermally much cheaper conditions. Also, the heat provided in the region of the combustion chamber can be used better for starting or also for supporting a suitable combustion.
  • the intermediate space between the outer wall and the inner wall it is further possible to adapt the insulation behavior of such a combustion chamber housing to the requirements by filling this intermediate space with suitably insulating materials.
  • the gap may be filled, for example, with air or with another thermally even better insulating gas or possibly also with a thermally insulating solid.
  • the inner wall is formed of metal material.
  • the inner wall of metal material ensures that in the combustion chamber immediately enclosing component, namely the component also providing the inner wall, a very good thermal conduction takes place, so that the heat generated during combustion in an optimal manner and also where it can be used for fuel evaporation.
  • the outer wall and the space between the inner wall and the outer wall is still provided for a sufficient thermal foreclosure to the environment out.
  • the combustion chamber housing has an inner housing with a peripheral wall and bottom wall providing the inner wall, and an outer housing with a peripheral wall and bottom wall providing the outer wall.
  • a porous evaporator medium can be provided, preferably in the region of the bottom wall.
  • a heating device can be assigned to the porous evaporator medium.
  • a fuel receiving nozzle extending further away from the combustion chamber can be provided further in the region of the bottom wall.
  • the porous evaporator medium may extend into this fuel receiving stub and a fuel supply line may be provided for introducing fuel into the porous evaporator medium provided in the fuel stub. If it is further provided that the fuel supply takes place in a region of the porous evaporator medium which can not be heated by the heating device, the fuel is introduced into the porous evaporator medium at a comparatively low temperature. Thus, premature boiling of low-boiling fuels in the region of the fuel feed line is prevented, and the substantially cold introduction of the liquid fuel into the porous evaporator medium achieves a significantly better homogenization of the fuel flow with pulsed fuel feed.
  • the fuel receiving nozzle may further be provided in a central region of the bottom wall.
  • the centered arrangement of the Brennstoffaufnahemstutzens can take place via the provided there porous evaporator medium and taking advantage of the capillary action a very uniform distribution on the other used for Brennstoffabdampfung area of the porous evaporator medium.
  • an ignition device can be provided in the fuel intake nozzle.
  • a part of the combustion air introduction openings may have an air introduction projection projecting in the direction of the combustion chamber and surrounding the respective opening.
  • the preceding embodiment is particularly advantageous when at least a portion of the combustion air inlet openings is provided in the peripheral wall, if in the region of the bottom wall, a porous evaporator medium is provided and if at least at the bottom wall near-positioned combustion air inlet openings each an air inlet projection is provided. In this way it is ensured that, especially in the area in which the risk of leakage of liquid fuel is comparatively high, the accumulation of the fuel in those openings in which the air is to be introduced into the combustion chamber, is avoided.
  • an evaporator burner is generally designated 10.
  • This evaporator burner has a substantially cup-shaped combustion chamber housing 12.
  • This combustion chamber housing 12 defines with its pot-like shape a combustion chamber 14, which is open on one axial side - axially with respect to a longitudinal center axis L of the evaporator burner - via a so-called flame diaphragm 16 to a flame tube 18.
  • About the formed in the flame tube 18 Ausbrandsort the combustion gases flow toward a heat exchanger assembly to transfer heat there to a medium to be heated.
  • the combustion chamber housing 12 is basically designed with a peripheral wall 22 and a bottom wall 24.
  • the combustion chamber housing 12 with its cup-shaped and the peripheral wall 22 and the bottom wall 24 comprehensive design of two also for each cup-shaped housing parts 26, 28 constructed.
  • the housing part 26 forms an inner housing part
  • the housing part 28 forms an outer housing part.
  • Each of these housing parts in turn has a circumferential wall 30 and 32 and a bottom wall 34 and 36, respectively.
  • the peripheral wall 32 of the outer housing 28 rests on the peripheral wall 30 of the inner housing 26 and is fixedly connected thereto, for example, by soldering, welding or gluing.
  • the peripheral wall 30 of the inner housing 26 is guided radially inward in the region of this free end and thus also provides the flame cover 16 ready.
  • a plurality of air inlet openings 38 are provided, via which the combustion chamber 14, which is supplied in an annular manner around a combustion chamber housing 12, can enter the combustion chamber 14, for example, by a side channel blower.
  • the outer housing part 28 in its peripheral wall 32 where each combustion air inlet opening 38 is to be formed, inward, ie in the direction of Combustion chamber 14, formed to form a respective Heilteinleitstutzen 44.
  • These Heileinleitstutzen 44 on the peripheral wall 32 of the outer housing part 28 extend in openings 47 on the peripheral wall 30 of the inner housing part 26 and form with these a substantially tight seal to the gap 42 out.
  • the Luftteinleitstutzen are dimensioned such that they project beyond the inner surface of the peripheral wall 30 of the inner housing part in the direction of the combustion chamber and thus form a respective Heileinleitvorsrpung 46.
  • the fuel receiving connection 48 is preferably connected both to the bottom wall 34 and to the bottom wall 36, for example by soldering, welding, gluing or in some other way.
  • a surface-configured porous evaporator medium 50 is provided in the region of the bottom wall 24 of the combustion chamber housing 12.
  • This porous, for example, braid, knitted fabric, ceramic foam or other porous material provided porous evaporator medium 50 preferably covers substantially the entire bottom wall 24 and is in its radially inner, ie the longitudinal center axis L near range, out with a hose-like projection 52 in the fuel receiving port 48, and although preferably up to a bottom wall 54 thereof.
  • an ignition member 56 is further supported, for example, a Glühzündw which extends along the fuel receiving nozzle 48 and the hose-like projection 52 of the porous Verdampermediums 50 in the direction of the combustion chamber 14 out.
  • the end region of the ignition element 56 protrudes a small distance into the combustion chamber 14. In or near this end region, the ignition element is provided, for example, with an incandescent filament or the like in order to be able to generate high temperatures locally in this region.
  • a ring-like channel 58 is further formed, which is covered by the hose-like projection 52 of the porous evaporator medium 50 and in which a fuel supply line 60 opens.
  • the initially liquid fuel passes via line 60 into this annular channel 58, is pre-distributed in this and received in the hose-like projection 52 of the porous evaporator medium 50.
  • the liquid fuel then passes into the region of the porous evaporator medium 50 facing the combustion chamber 14, using the capillary action present due to the porosity.
  • the porous evaporator medium 50 is also associated with a generally designated 62 heater.
  • this comprises two radially staggered and electrically energizable heating elements 64, 66, each spirally or helically embedded in a good thermally conductive material 68, 70 between the bottom wall 34 of the inner housing part 26 and the near the bottom wall 34 area extensively spread of the porous evaporator medium 50 run.
  • an annular insulation 72 is provided between these two radially staggered heating elements 64, 66.
  • This is for example provided by a ceramic ring or a ring made of other thermally well insulating material, but may also be formed by an air gap.
  • the fuel receiving port 48 is preferably formed of thermally good insulating material, such as zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) and / or PTFE. In this way it is achieved that even upon energization of the heater 62 and concomitant heating of the porous evaporator medium 50 in its combustion chamber 14 opposite area a heat transfer to the fuel receiving nozzle 48 and thus a heat transfer to the hose-like projection 52 of the porous evaporator medium 50 is largely excluded.
  • thermally good insulating material such as zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) and / or PTFE.
  • the two heating elements 64, 66 are controlled separately from each other, so that depending on the heat demand only one of the heating elements or both can be energized to provide even under the influence of ambient temperature and taking into account the fuel to be evaporated, the appropriate amount of heat, especially in the startup phase the evaporator burner 10 is required to the ignitable air / fuel mixture to create.
  • an evaporator burner 10 as described above with regard to its structural design, various advantages in operation are achieved.
  • a very good thermal insulation of that volume region, which is heated by the running combustion or the excitation of the heater can be obtained to the environment by the double-walled design of the combustion chamber.
  • the heat present in the region of the combustion chamber can be used efficiently, in particular in order to evaporate heavily evaporating fuels to a sufficient degree, so that a liquid accumulation of unvaporized fuel can be avoided.
  • the gap between the outer wall and the inner wall of the double-walled configuration of the combustion chamber housing which can be filled with a suitable thermally insulating material, also contributes to this purpose.
  • This material may be, for example, air, but may also be another, even better thermally insulating gas or a thermally insulating solid material. Further contributes to the improved thermal insulation in that the fuel receiving nozzle is also formed from thermally well insulating material, so that in particular in the field of fuel supply no risk of too early evaporation of the fuel is given.
  • a further advantage of the double-walled embodiment is that, in particular, the inner housing part can be formed from metal, that is, for example, from cast material or from a sheet metal material, as well as, of course, the outer housing part, and nevertheless a suitable thermal insulation can be obtained.
  • the provision of the inner housing part of metal material, that is, a thermally highly conductive material has the advantage that the resulting heat during combustion in the combustion chamber 14 is very evenly distributed over this inner housing part and well directed towards the evaporator medium, so that in Combustion operation an improved Brennstoffabdampfung can be obtained, which is particularly advantageous when used with heavy evaporating fuels.
  • Another advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that the fuel supply takes place in the region of the fuel intake nozzle in a region which is shielded with respect to the running in the combustion chamber combustion and also with respect to the heating of the evaporator medium by the electrically operable heater. That the fuel is introduced into the porous evaporator medium in a comparatively cool region, with the result that a better homogenization of the generally pulsating fuel can be achieved in the delivery or forwarding in the direction of the combustion chamber. That is, the protruding into the fuel receiving nozzle portion of the United steamer fleece, which of course also separated from the remaining portion, but can be arranged in contact with this, is used essentially for fuel transfer, but not for Brennstoffabdampfung.
  • the fuel evaporation will take place mainly in that area in which the porous evaporator medium covers the heating device, whereby, due to the two-stage configuration of this heating device, especially in the start phase, it is possible to proceed in such a way that initially only in the vicinity of the ignition element lying area is heated, the porous evaporator medium, especially in order to create the most efficient use of electrical energy an atmosphere that is favorable for the ignition.
  • the ignition element still engages with its free end region in the combustion chamber and, above all, can be heated by excitation in this free end region, so that the ignition can take place there. Nevertheless, an impairment of the flow conditions in the combustion air is largely avoided by the centered positioning of the ignition and the only short projection into the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion air inlet openings which are close to the porous evaporator medium are formed with a projection or projection with respect to the inner surface of the combustion chamber housing.
  • the evaporator burner shown in the figure can be varied in different areas.
  • the porous evaporator medium in the region of the peripheral wall and provide, for example, on the bottom wall a centrally arranged and substantially projecting into the combustion chamber projecting combustion air inlet nozzle with inlet slots for the combustion air.
  • the fuel receiving nozzle could then be moved from its centric positioning radially outward into the still existing annular region of the bottom wall.
  • suitable materials can be selected for the various components.
  • the thermally conductive material 68 or 70 of the electric heater 62 may be a good heat conductive ceramic material.

Claims (13)

  1. Brûleur d'évaporation, en particulier pour un dispositif de chauffage pour véhicule, comprenant un boîtier de chambre de combustion (12) qui met en place une chambre de combustion (14) avec une paroi circonférentielle (22) et une paroi de fond (24), le boîtier de chambre de combustion (12) étant, dans la région de la paroi circonférentielle (22), formé au moins par endroits à double paroi avec une paroi intérieure (30) et une paroi extérieure (32), des ouvertures d'entrée d'air de combustion (38) pour insérer de l'air de combustion en provenance d'un espace (40) entourant le boîtier de chambre de combustion (12) sous forme annulaire dans la chambre de combustion (14) étant prévues dans la région de la paroi circonférentielle (22),
    caractérisé par un espace intermédiaire (42) étant formé entre la paroi intérieure (30) et la paroi extérieure (32) de la paroi circonférentielle (22), et par des connexions d'entrée d'air (44) qui s'étendent dans des ouvertures (47) de la paroi intérieure (30) étant formées dans la région des ouvertures d'entrée d'air de combustion (38) à la paroi extérieure (32) pour prévoir une fermeture étanche de l'espace intermédiaire (42).
  2. Brûleur d'évaporation selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par la paroi intérieure (30, 34) étant formée par du matériau métallique.
  3. Brûleur d'évaporation selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé par le boîtier de chambre de combustion (12) comprenant un boîtier interne (26) avec une paroi circonférentielle (30) et une paroi de fond (34) qui forment la paroi intérieure (30, 34) ainsi qu'un boîtier externe (28) avec une paroi circonférentielle (32) et une paroi de fond (36) qui forment la paroi extérieure (32, 36).
  4. Brûleur d'évaporation selon une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé par un médium d'évaporation poreux (50, 52) étant prévu dans la région de la paroi de fond (24) du boîtier de chambre de combustion (12).
  5. Brûleur d'évaporation selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé par un dispositif de chauffage (62) étant associé au médium d'évaporation poreux (50, 52).
  6. Brûleur d'évaporation selon une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé par une connexion d'approvisionnement en combustible (48) qui s'éloigne de la chambre de combustion (14) étant prévue dans la région de la paroi de fond (24).
  7. Brûleur d'évaporation selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé par le médium d'évaporation poreux (50, 52) s'étendant dans la connexion d'approvisionnement en combustible (48).
  8. Brûleur d'évaporation selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé par un conduit de combustible (60) étant prévu pour insérer le combustible dans le médium d'évaporation poreux (50) prévu dans la connexion d'approvisionnement en combustible (48).
  9. Brûleur d'évaporation selon la revendication 5 et une des revendications 7 ou 8,
    caractérisé par l'alimentation en combustible étant réalisée dans une région (52) du médium d'évaporation poreux (50, 52) qui substantiellement ne peut pas être chauffée par le dispositif de chauffage (62).
  10. Brûleur d'évaporation selon une des revendications 6 à 9,
    caractérisé par la connexion d'approvisionnement en combustible (48) étant prévue dans une région centrale de la paroi de fond (24).
  11. Brûleur d'évaporation selon une des revendications 6 à 10,
    caractérisé par un élément d'allumage (56) étant prévu dans la connexion d'approvisionnement en combustible (48).
  12. Brûleur d'évaporation selon une des revendications 1 à 11,
    caractérisé par une saillie d'insertion d'air (46) qui fait saillie dans la direction de la chambre de combustion (14) et entoure l'ouverture respective (38) étant prévue au moins pour une partie des ouvertures d'entrée d'air de combustion (38), et par une connexion d'entrée d'air (44) prévue à la paroi extérieure (32) pour former une saillie d'insertion d'air (46) s'étendant dans la direction de la chambre de combustion (14) et à travers une ouverture (47) dans la paroi intérieure (30).
  13. Brûleur d'évaporation selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisé par au moins une partie des ouvertures d'entrée d'air de combustion (38) étant prévues dans la paroi circonférentielle (22), par un médium d'évaporation poreux (50, 52) étant prévu dans la région de la paroi de fond (24) et par une saillie d'insertion d'air (46) respective étant prévue au moins à la paroi de fond (24) proche des ouvertures d'entrée d'air de combustion (38) positionnées.
EP05001680.7A 2004-02-03 2005-01-27 Brûleur à évaporation, en particulier pour un dispositif de chauffage de voiture Expired - Fee Related EP1574782B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05001680T PL1574782T3 (pl) 2004-02-03 2005-01-27 Palnik wyparny, zwłaszcza dla urządzenia grzewczego pojazdu

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004005267 2004-02-03
DE102004005267A DE102004005267A1 (de) 2004-02-03 2004-02-03 Verdampferbrenner, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1574782A2 EP1574782A2 (fr) 2005-09-14
EP1574782A8 EP1574782A8 (fr) 2005-12-14
EP1574782A3 EP1574782A3 (fr) 2008-04-16
EP1574782B1 true EP1574782B1 (fr) 2015-06-24

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EP (1) EP1574782B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004005267A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL1574782T3 (fr)

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DE102005020148A1 (de) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferanordnung, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät oder einen Reformer
DE102006019061B4 (de) 2006-04-25 2018-11-29 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferbaugruppe zur Erzeugung von Brennstoffdampf
DE102007053488A1 (de) 2007-11-09 2009-05-14 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferbaugruppe, insbesondere für einen Verdampferbrenner eines Fahrzeugheizgeräts, und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102011050025A1 (de) * 2011-04-30 2012-10-31 Webasto Ag Verdampferbrenner für ein mobiles Heizgerät
DE102011077891B3 (de) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-06 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferbaugruppe, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät
DE102011084868C5 (de) * 2011-10-20 2020-07-23 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferbrenner, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät
CN102393016B (zh) * 2011-11-10 2013-12-04 山东大学 一种吸油衬易更换的蒸发式燃烧器
DE102012224327A1 (de) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Webasto SE Fahrzeug-Vebrennungsheizgerät
DE102013214387B4 (de) * 2013-07-23 2020-10-22 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH Einströmelement, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsluftströmungsweg im Fahrzeugheizgerät
DE102013220653B4 (de) * 2013-10-14 2019-12-05 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Brennkammerbaugruppe, insbesondere für einen Verdampferbrenner
KR20180014712A (ko) * 2015-06-02 2018-02-09 가부시키가이샤 산고 증발식 버너
DE102017123046A1 (de) 2017-10-05 2019-04-11 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Kraftstoffanschlusseinheit
DE102020100403B4 (de) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-22 Webasto SE Brenner, mobile Heizvorrichtung und Verfahren
DE102020100402B4 (de) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-22 Webasto SE Brenner, mobile Heizvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Brenners
DE102020134333B4 (de) * 2020-12-21 2023-09-14 Webasto SE Strömungsleiteinsatz, Befestigungselement, Strömungsleitsystem und Heizvorrichtung
DE102021112549A1 (de) * 2021-05-14 2022-11-17 Webasto SE Mobile heizvorrichtung mit einer brennstoffzuleitung und verfahren zum betrieb einer mobilen heizvorrichtung

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DE10219633C1 (de) * 2002-05-02 2003-12-04 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Verdampferbrenner

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Publication number Publication date
DE102004005267A1 (de) 2005-08-25
EP1574782A3 (fr) 2008-04-16
EP1574782A8 (fr) 2005-12-14
PL1574782T3 (pl) 2015-11-30
EP1574782A2 (fr) 2005-09-14

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