EP1647769B1 - Evaporateur, en particulier pour un dispositif de chauffage de voiture ou pour un réformeur - Google Patents

Evaporateur, en particulier pour un dispositif de chauffage de voiture ou pour un réformeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1647769B1
EP1647769B1 EP05020241A EP05020241A EP1647769B1 EP 1647769 B1 EP1647769 B1 EP 1647769B1 EP 05020241 A EP05020241 A EP 05020241A EP 05020241 A EP05020241 A EP 05020241A EP 1647769 B1 EP1647769 B1 EP 1647769B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evaporator medium
evaporator
liquid
medium section
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP05020241A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1647769A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Pfister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority to PL05020241T priority Critical patent/PL1647769T3/pl
Publication of EP1647769A1 publication Critical patent/EP1647769A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1647769B1 publication Critical patent/EP1647769B1/fr
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
    • F23D3/40—Burners using capillary action the capillary action taking place in one or more rigid porous bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an evaporator arrangement, in particular for a vehicle heater or a reformer comprising an evaporator housing surrounding a evaporation chamber with a peripheral wall and a bottom wall, on a inside of the peripheral wall a porous evaporator medium and a liquid feed arrangement for introducing liquid to be evaporated in the evaporator medium according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • An evaporator arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 102 44 812 A1 known.
  • an influencing of the liquid flow within the porous medium is achieved in that at least one region of increased flow resistance is present.
  • capillary flow can be used to distribute the liquid and the fuel to be vaporized.
  • One from the DE 195 29 994 A1 known evaporator arrangement provides with its evaporation chamber a combustion chamber for a vehicle heater.
  • the evaporator medium is provided as a porous, cylindrical lining which covers the peripheral wall substantially at its entire inner surface.
  • the size of the evaporator medium and thus also the surface exposed to the evaporation chamber depend on the amount of liquid vapor to be supplied. For example, when used in a heater, this amount is determined by the required heating power. The higher this heating power, the greater the amount of fuel vapor to be provided per unit of time. Accordingly, the surface of the evaporator medium which is exposed to the evaporation chamber or combustion chamber in this case must also be selected such that the required amount of fuel vapor can be released in total per unit of time.
  • this amount of fuel is distributed in the inner volume region of the evaporator medium and is converted by heat absorption from the evaporator medium into the vapor phase. Since, however, less heat absorbed by the evaporator medium is withdrawn in order to vaporize a smaller quantity of fuel, overheating of the evaporator medium which is too large for this operating state may result in overheating thereof. This is particularly critical in the region in which the fuel or generally the liquid to be evaporated is introduced into the evaporator medium. As a result, the fuel distribution and the combustion are unbalanced.
  • an evaporator arrangement in particular for a vehicle heater or a reformer, according to claim 1.
  • This comprises an evaporation chamber surrounding an evaporator housing with a peripheral wall and a bottom wall, on an inner side of the peripheral wall, a porous evaporator medium and a liquid feed arrangement for introducing to evaporating liquid in the evaporator medium.
  • the evaporator medium has a first evaporator medium region and, separated therefrom by a flow barrier, a second evaporator medium region.
  • first evaporator medium region and the second evaporator medium region follow one another in the direction of a housing longitudinal axis surrounded by the circumferential wall.
  • the first evaporator medium region is closer to the bottom wall than the second evaporator medium region and that the liquid supply line arrangement opens into the first evaporator medium region.
  • the liquid supply line arrangement opens into the first evaporator medium region.
  • the first evaporator medium region or / and the second evaporator medium region can be of annular design, so that over the entire circumference a very uniform evaporation behavior can be achieved.
  • the first evaporator medium region and the second evaporator medium region have different thickness and / or different length with respect to a housing longitudinal axis surrounded by the peripheral wall and / or different material.
  • the flow barrier between the two evaporator medium regions is formed by a gap. In this intermediate space itself, there is no direct connection between the two evaporator medium regions, so that the capillary flow which promotes the liquid in the interior volume region of the evaporator medium is interrupted here.
  • the present invention further relates to a vehicle heater with an evaporator arrangement according to the invention for generating and combustion of a fuel / air mixture.
  • a vehicle heater can be used for example as a heater or heater.
  • the invention relates to a reformer with an evaporator arrangement according to the invention.
  • a reformer may then be provided a hydrocarbon / air mixture which is decomposed by a catalytic reaction and thus provides hydrogen by hydrogen abstraction.
  • The then can be used for example in a fuel cell.
  • evaporator arrangement according to the invention is generally designated 10.
  • this evaporator assembly 10 will be described with reference to use in a vehicle heater.
  • the liquid to be supplied and vaporized will be fuel, for example gasoline, diesel or vegetable methyl ester.
  • the same structural and functional measures can also be provided when the evaporator assembly 10 is used in a reformer to provide hydrogen gas.
  • the evaporator arrangement 10 comprises an evaporator housing 12 with a substantially cylindrical peripheral wall 14 provided with a circular cross-section and a bottom wall 16.
  • the circumferential wall 14 is elongate in the direction of a longitudinal axis A or surrounds it concentrically, for example.
  • an evaporation chamber 18 is limited, which is then effective as a combustion chamber in the case of a vehicle heater.
  • This evaporation chamber 18 is open via a flame cover 20 in the direction of a flame tube 22.
  • the combustion product or mixture of vaporized liquid and air flows in the evaporator housing 12 substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis A.
  • porous evaporator medium On an inner side 28 of the peripheral wall 14 is a generally designated 30 provided porous evaporator medium.
  • This porous evaporator medium can be formed, for example, from braided, knitted, foamy or other porous material. Porous here means that in the volume range of this evaporator medium 30 cavities are formed, whose cross-section is dimensioned such that, taking into account the physical properties of the liquid to be introduced and vaporized a Kapillar once bin is achieved. As a result of this capillary-conveying effect, the liquid fed once into the interior volume region of the evaporator medium 30 is conveyed forward and distributed more or less evenly.
  • the evaporator medium 30 is divided into two evaporator medium regions 32, 34.
  • the two evaporator medium regions 32, 34 are substantially ring-shaped and thus extend in the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis A substantially completely on the inner side 28 of the peripheral wall 14.
  • the two Evaporator medium regions 32, 34 are provided by cutting or punching the required material sections of a sheet-like blank and curved insertion into the evaporation chamber 18. It can of course be provided that the evaporator medium regions 32, 34 are locked on the inside 28 of the peripheral wall 14, for example by gluing or in any other way.
  • the first evaporator medium region 32 is arranged such that it lies, for example, directly in the region in which the peripheral wall 14 and the bottom wall 16 adjoin one another. That is, this first evaporator medium portion 32 may extend along a portion of the axial length of the evaporation chamber 18 from the bottom wall 16. In the example shown, this axial extent of the first evaporator medium region 32 is somewhat smaller than the axial extent of the air inlet nozzle 24, viewed in each case from the bottom wall 16. In the region of the first evaporator medium region 32 Furthermore, an ignition element 33, which is indicated only schematically, is provided, which serves to ignite a mixture of fuel and liquid generated in the evaporation chamber 18 by generating locally high temperatures.
  • a flow barrier formed in the form of a gap 36 is provided between the first evaporator medium region 32 and the second evaporator medium region 34. That There is no direct physical contact between the two evaporator medium regions 32, 34, so that no direct capillary flow transition between these two evaporator medium regions 32, 34 can take place.
  • the axial extent of this gap 36 may be in the range of 1 mm to 5 mm.
  • the second evaporator medium region 34 is then in the illustrated example in the length range of the evaporation chamber 18, which is located between the axial end of the air inlet nozzle 24 and the flame cover 20.
  • the two evaporator medium regions 32, 34 differ in terms of their axial extension length L 1 and L 2 and also in terms of their thickness D 1 and D 2 .
  • the first evaporator medium region 32 has a greater axial length L 1 , but is designed with a smaller thickness D 1 than the second evaporator medium region 34. This can of course also be reversed.
  • a portion of the liquid fuel must be supplied in the region of the ignition device 33 via a so-called candle neck.
  • the ignition element For example, a glow plug of metallic or ceramic design.
  • the supply line 38 can pass through the peripheral wall 14 and open, for example, in an annular groove which is provided on the inner side 28 of the peripheral wall 14.
  • the liquid fuel can then be distributed in the circumferential direction before it enters the interior volume region of the first evaporator medium region 32.
  • a very uniform distribution of the liquid to be evaporated is achieved.
  • evaporator assembly 10 In combustion operation or evaporation operation, the in Fig. 1 illustrated evaporator assembly 10 as follows:
  • first evaporator medium region 32 If only a comparatively small quantity of liquid or fuel is to be vaporized, then, after being introduced into the first evaporator medium region 32, it will be distributed under the capillary action in the first evaporator medium region and will also reach the surface exposed to the evaporation chamber 18. The entire fuel distributed by capillary action is transferred into the vapor phase in the region of the first evaporator medium region 32, namely by removing the required heat of vaporization from the first evaporator medium region 32. This heat of vaporization, in turn, is provided by the combustion taking place in the region of the evaporation chamber 18.
  • the amount of liquid fuel supplied must also be increased accordingly.
  • the entire liquid fuel can no longer be transferred from the first evaporator medium region 32 into the vapor phase.
  • this is also in liquid form from the first evaporator medium region 32 emerging fuel through the flow barrier, ie in Fig. 1 the intermediate space 36, then promoted primarily by gravity, in the direction of the second evaporator medium region 34 and received or absorbed by this.
  • This suction effect results from the fact that the second evaporator medium region 34 also provides a capillary action for the liquid fuel to be delivered.
  • the evaporator arrangement 10 In order to achieve this transition between the two evaporator medium regions 32, 34, it is advantageous to arrange the evaporator arrangement 10 such that the longitudinal axis A is substantially horizontal or even inclined somewhat downwards starting from the bottom wall 16, so that the one from the first evaporator medium region 32 leaking liquid then gravity flow over the gap 36 away in the direction of the second evaporator medium region 34 will flow.
  • the dimensions of the various evaporator medium regions 32, 34 can be selected and optimized as a function of the specific requirements or also of the dimensions of the evaporator housing 12.
  • the material used can also differ in the two evaporator medium regions 32, 34, so that an optimization can also take place here. In particular, this selection of the dimensions and also of the material can be made depending on the type of fuel or for which type of liquid to be delivered the insert is provided.
  • an evaporator arrangement With the embodiment of an evaporator arrangement according to the invention, it is possible to provide a much longer service life with significantly lower deposition of combustion products by more uniform liquid or fuel evaporation and, in particular, avoidance of local overheating of the evaporator medium. Also, the adaptability of the volume used for evaporation as a function of the amount of liquid fed in a significantly better controllability of the evaporation behavior and thus a significantly better controllability of heating performance achieved in heaters.
  • supply lines are provided separately for each of the evaporator medium regions, so that activation or deactivation of the respective evaporator medium regions can be effected by directly feeding or not feeding fuel into them. This allows greater freedom in the installation position of the evaporator arrangement, since then the transition of the liquid between the two evaporator medium areas by gravity flow is no longer required.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Un arrangement d'évaporateur, en particulier pour un système de chauffage d'un véhicule ou pour un réformateur, comprenant un boîtier d'évaporateur (12) entourant une chambre d'évaporation (18) avec un paroi circonférentiel (14) et un paroi de fond (16), un médium d'évaporateur poreux (30) à une face intérieure (28) du paroi circonférentiel (14) et un arrangement d'insertion de liquide (38) pour insérer du liquide à être évaporé dans le médium d'évaporateur (30), le médium d'évaporateur (30) comprenant une première section de médium d'évaporateur (32) et, séparée de cette dernière par une barrière d'écoulement (36), une deuxième section de médium d'évaporateur (34), la deuxième section de médium d'évaporateur (32) faisant suite à la première section de médium d'évaporateur (34) dans le sens de l'axe longitudinal (A) entouré par le paroi circonférentiel (14),
    caractérisé par la barrière d'écoulement (36) étant formée par un espace (36) entre la première section de médium d'évaporateur (32) et la deuxième section de médium d'évaporateur (34), de sorte qu'il n'y a pas de connexion capillaire entre la première section de médium d'évaporateur (32) et la deuxième section de médium d'évaporateur (34).
  2. Un arrangement d'évaporateur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par la première section de médium d'évaporateur (32) étant plus proche du paroi de fond (16) que la deuxième section de médium d'évaporateur (34) et par l'arrangement de conduit d'insertion de liquide (38) débouchant dans la première section de médium d'évaporateur (32).
  3. Un médium d'évaporateur selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé par la première section de médium d'évaporateur (32) ou/et la deuxième section de médium d'évaporateur (34) ayant une forme annulaire.
  4. Un médium d'évaporateur selon une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé par la première section de médium d'évaporateur (32) et la deuxième section de médium d'évaporateur (34) ayant des épaisseurs (D) différentes ou/et une longeur (L) différente relative à l'axe longitudinal (A) du boîtier entouré du paroi circonférentiel (14) ou/et prévoyant des matériaux différents.
  5. Un système de chauffage d'un véhicule, comprenant un arrangement d'évaporateur selon une des revendications 1 à 4 pour produire et brûler un mélange combustible/air.
  6. Un réformateur, comprenant un arrangement d'évaporateur selon une des revendications 1 à 4 pour produire un mélange hydrocarbure/air utilisable pour séparer de l'hydrogène.
EP05020241A 2004-10-15 2005-09-16 Evaporateur, en particulier pour un dispositif de chauffage de voiture ou pour un réformeur Expired - Fee Related EP1647769B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05020241T PL1647769T3 (pl) 2004-10-15 2005-09-16 Układ do odparowywania, zwłaszcza do samochodowego urządzenia grzewczego lub reaktora do reformowania

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004050361A DE102004050361B3 (de) 2004-10-15 2004-10-15 Verdampferanordnung, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät oder einen Reformer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1647769A1 EP1647769A1 (fr) 2006-04-19
EP1647769B1 true EP1647769B1 (fr) 2009-12-02

Family

ID=35058520

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05020241A Expired - Fee Related EP1647769B1 (fr) 2004-10-15 2005-09-16 Evaporateur, en particulier pour un dispositif de chauffage de voiture ou pour un réformeur

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EP (1) EP1647769B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004050361B3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1647769T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006024221A1 (de) 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferbaugruppe, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät oder eine Reformeranordnung eines Brennstoffzellensystems
DE102013200016A1 (de) 2013-01-02 2014-07-03 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Katalytischer Brenner, insbesondere für eine Fahrzeugheizung

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3900438A1 (de) * 1989-01-10 1990-07-12 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik Heizgeraet, insbesondere fahrzeugheizgeraet
DE19529994C2 (de) * 1994-11-10 2003-06-26 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Verdampferbrenner für ein Heizgerät
DE10244812B4 (de) * 2002-09-27 2004-08-05 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Auskleidung für die Brennkammer eines Heizgerätes, insbesondere Fahrzeugheizgerätes
DE10255361B3 (de) * 2002-11-27 2004-06-17 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Brennkammerbaugruppe für ein Heizgerät, insbesondere Fahrzeugheizgerät

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102004050361B3 (de) 2006-03-30
EP1647769A1 (fr) 2006-04-19
PL1647769T3 (pl) 2010-05-31

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