EP1484552B1 - Chambre de combustion pour un brûleur à vaporisation, en particulier pour le chauffage d'un véhicule - Google Patents

Chambre de combustion pour un brûleur à vaporisation, en particulier pour le chauffage d'un véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1484552B1
EP1484552B1 EP20040013162 EP04013162A EP1484552B1 EP 1484552 B1 EP1484552 B1 EP 1484552B1 EP 20040013162 EP20040013162 EP 20040013162 EP 04013162 A EP04013162 A EP 04013162A EP 1484552 B1 EP1484552 B1 EP 1484552B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
arrangement according
heat transmission
chamber arrangement
transmission element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20040013162
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1484552A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Humburg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
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J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1484552A1 publication Critical patent/EP1484552A1/fr
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Publication of EP1484552B1 publication Critical patent/EP1484552B1/fr
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
    • F23D3/40—Burners using capillary action the capillary action taking place in one or more rigid porous bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion chamber arrangement for an evaporator burner, in particular for a vehicle heater.
  • a combustion chamber arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 is made EP 127 5 901 A2 known.
  • a combustion chamber arrangement for a vehicle heater in which a porous evaporator medium is provided in the region of a bottom wall of a cup-shaped combustion chamber, into which the combustion liquid to be burned with liquid fuel is fed and from which this liquid fuel then evaporates towards the combustion chamber.
  • this porous evaporator medium is associated with an electrically energizable heating element to heat it faster and thus to increase the rate of evaporation can.
  • Glühzündux ignition At a distance from the porous evaporator medium designed as Glühzündux ignition is provided which projects with its effective for generating the sufficiently high temperature portion substantially radially into the combustion chamber.
  • a combustion chamber arrangement for an evaporator burner in particular for a vehicle heater, comprising a combustion chamber Vor Fixdes combustion chamber housing and provided in the region of a wall of the combustion chamber housing heating / ignition device with an electrically energizable heating element and with the heating element in heat transfer contact Heat transfer element, wherein the heat transfer element has at least one in the direction of the combustion chamber projecting Zündvorsprung.
  • the electrically energizable heating element performs two functions. On the one hand it serves by its excitation to increase the rate of evaporation of the fuel, on the other hand it forms together with the at least one Zündvorsprung a local region of high temperature in the combustion chamber, so that provided by the electrically energizable heating element and the heat transfer element in heat transported at least one ignition projection can be provided with the temperatures required for ignition. There are not two separate and also separately controlled heating elements required.
  • a porous evaporator medium be provided on one side of the heat transfer element facing the combustion chamber and that the at least one firing projection engage in a recess in the evaporator medium. It is further advantageous if the recess is open towards the combustion chamber, so that the at least one ignition projection can come into direct contact with the ignitable mixture formed in the combustion chamber and in particular in the environment of the porous evaporator medium. The effect can be further improved by the fact that the at least one Ignition projection extends beyond the evaporator medium out into the combustion chamber.
  • the heat transfer element to one of the combustion chamber facing away from the wall of the combustion chamber housing is arranged in heat transfer contact with this and that the at least one ignition projection passes through an opening formed in the wall.
  • the heating power required for generating the high ignition temperatures in the electrically energizable heating element can result in that the heat transfer element is also heated very strongly.
  • a very strong or excessive heating of the heat transfer element can result in a correspondingly strong, unwanted heating of the evaporator medium. It is therefore proposed according to a further aspect that between the heat transfer element and the evaporator element, an intermediate element with lower thermal conductivity than the heat transfer element is arranged.
  • this intermediate element is ensured that even if the heating element is very strong and generates correspondingly high temperatures, in the region of at least one Zündvorsprungs these high temperatures can be effective while in other areas, ie in those areas in which heat is to be transported from the heat transfer element in the evaporator medium, a generated by the provision of the intermediate element reduced heat transfer or a higher thermal resistance is provided. In this way, although the evaporator medium is still heated, but not so strong that damage or undesirable reactions occur.
  • an opening which can enforce the at least one Zündvorsprung then.
  • the intermediate element may have a thermal conductivity in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 W / mK, preferably about 0.3 W / mK, and may be constructed of a ceramic material, which may generally be referred to as an insulating ceramic.
  • the wall is a bottom wall of the evaporator housing.
  • the heat transfer element has a thermal conductivity or specific thermal conductivity in the range of 30 to 200 W / mK, preferably 100 to 180 W / mK. Furthermore, in order to be able to provide an electrical insulation of the electrically excitable heating element, for example with respect to the generally metal combustion chamber housing, it is further proposed that the heat transfer element have a specific electrical resistance of at least 10 11 ⁇ cm, preferably at least 10 14 ⁇ cm.
  • Ceramic material for example aluminum nitride, silicon nitride or silicon carbide, has proved to be a particularly preferred material for the heat transfer element.
  • a Einsenkungungsan angel is provided, in which the heating element is at least partially accommodated.
  • the heating element is at least partially embedded in the heat transfer element and increases the heat transfer surface accordingly.
  • the heating element between the heat transfer element and a closing element is included.
  • the closing element has a lower thermal conductivity than the heat transfer element.
  • the thermal conductivity of the terminating element may be in the range of 0.02 to 0.06 W / mK, preferably about 0.04 W / mK.
  • This closing element can also be formed, for example, of ceramic material.
  • the present invention relates to a vehicle heater, in which a combustion chamber arrangement according to the invention is provided.
  • a vehicle heater is generally designated 10.
  • a heater 10 can be used for example as a heater or as a heater in a vehicle.
  • the heater 10 includes a combustor assembly 12 in which thermal energy is provided by burning a fuel / air mixture, as described below, and a heat exchanger assembly 14 in which it provides combustion and combustion exhaust gases Heat can be transmitted to a median to be heated, for example air or even the circulating in a cooling system of an internal combustion engine coolant.
  • Combustor assembly 12 includes a combustor housing, generally designated 16.
  • This combustion chamber housing 16 is essentially pot-shaped and delimited by a cylindrical circumferential wall 18 and a bottom wall 20, for example, integrally formed therewith a bottom wall 20 in the direction of the heat exchanger assembly 14 open combustion chamber in the illustrated embodiment are in the peripheral wall 18 more combustion air inlet openings 24th so that the combustion air supplied in an air supply space 26 and symbolically indicated by the arrow P 1 can be introduced into the combustion chamber 22.
  • the air supply chamber 26 may be limited by the combustion chamber housing 16 and a surrounding air guide housing 28.
  • the combustion air is in the air supply space 26 by a per se known air conveying blower, for example, radially or possibly axially, based on a longitudinal axis A of the combustion chamber assembly 12, promoted.
  • the flame tube 32 is surrounded by the likewise substantially cup-shaped heat exchanger assembly 12 and an inner heat exchanger housing 34 thereof. Between this inner heat exchanger housing 34 and the flame tube 32, a combustion exhaust gas flow space 36 is formed, along which the combustion exhaust gases flow back towards the combustor 12 and then discharged through an outlet 38 formed, for example, in the air guide housing 28 to the environment or to an exhaust gas purification system, such as through a Arrow P 2 indicated.
  • a flow space 42 is formed, which is flowed through by the medium to be heated. This occurs in the region of an inlet 44 in the heat exchanger assembly 14 and leaves it in the region of an outlet 46th
  • both the heat exchanger assembly 14 and the combustion chamber assembly 12, as described above and in the Fig. 1 are shown as examples of a variety of different modification options.
  • a porous evaporator medium 50 is provided on a combustion chamber 22 side facing 48 of the bottom wall 20 of the combustion chamber housing 16.
  • This porous evaporator medium which can be formed, for example, from ceramic foam, nonwoven material, mesh material or the like, preferably covers the entire surface of the side 48 of the bottom wall 20.
  • a passage opening for a fuel line 52 is formed, which leads directly to the evaporator medium 50, so that fuel, as indicated by an arrow P 3 , can be introduced into the porous evaporator medium 50.
  • fuel lines 52 can also lead to the porous evaporator medium 50 at a plurality of regions of the bottom wall 20.
  • heating / ignition device At the side facing away from the combustion chamber 22 side 54 of the bottom wall 20 is a generally designated 56 heating / ignition device is provided.
  • a plate-like designed heat transfer element 58 the its side 54 facing the bottom wall 20 side 60 is in heat transfer contact via an intermediate element 82 with the bottom wall 20 and on its side facing away from the bottom wall 20 side 62 has a ring or spiral-like Einsenkungsan Aunt 64.
  • an electrically energizable heating element 66 designed as a heating coil or heating coil or the like is substantially accommodated in such a way that it does not project beyond the heat transfer element 58 on the side 62.
  • the electrically energizable heating element 66 is further covered on the side 62 by a covering element 68 that is in contact with or connected to the heating element 58, so that it is essentially enclosed between this covering element 68 and the heat transfer element 58, with the exception of electrical supply regions.
  • the heat transfer element 58 has a substantially ring-like configuration, and in the cover 68 is provided for the or each line 52 an opening 70 designed in the form of a nozzle 72, so that on the one hand the heat transfer element 58 in the region of this opening 70 through the nozzle-like Section 72 of the cover 68 is covered and on the other hand, a separation between this heat transfer element 58 and the line 52 can be made.
  • the cover member 68 has a cylindrical projection-like projection 74 which covers the heat transfer member 58 toward the outside.
  • the plate-like intermediate element 82 also has, in association with the or each line 52, an opening 84, which is likewise formed in a substantially neck-like projection 86.
  • this nozzle 86 thermally closes off the heat transfer element 58 radially inward with respect to a fuel line 52.
  • the cover 68 is preferably made of good thermal insulating material such. As ceramic material or the like. It is thus ensured that the heat generated in the region of the heating element 60 by electrical excitation thereof is introduced into the evaporator medium 50 or the combustion chamber 22 substantially completely and without major heat losses.
  • the heat transfer element 58 is advantageous to produce from a good thermally conductive material.
  • a good thermally conductive material is special ceramic material such.
  • aluminum nitride, silicon nitride or silicon carbide proved to be particularly advantageous, which has a specific thermal conductivity, which is in the range of 30 to 180 W / mK and thus can be substantially higher than the thermal conductivity of metal material such. Steel.
  • this material also has a sufficiently high resistivity in the range, for example, 10 12 - 10 14 ⁇ cm, so that equally good electrical insulation between the heating element 60 and the combustion chamber housing 16 generally made of metal, such as aluminum or steel material, is provided ,
  • openings 88, 76, 78 aligned with one another in the intermediate element 82, the bottom wall 20 of the combustion-chamber housing 16 and the porous evaporator medium 50 are formed.
  • An educated on the heat transfer element 58 and facing the combustion chamber 22 to be positioned side 60 projecting Zündvorsprung 80 passes through at the combustion chamber housing 16 worn heater / igniter 56 these openings 88, 76, 78.
  • the dimension or shape of these openings 88, 76, 78 matched to the shape of the Zündvorsprungs 80 that the Zündvorsprung 80 with neither the intermediate element 82 nor with the bottom wall 20 is still in direct heat transfer contact with the porous evaporator medium 50.
  • the heating element 66 In order to be able to generate these temperatures, it may be necessary to energize the heating element 66 comparatively strongly, so that not only in the area of the ignition projection 80 in the heat transfer element 58, but also in the other serving for heat transfer into the porous evaporator medium 50 areas very high temperatures arise.
  • the above-mentioned intermediate element 82 is provided, which ensures that in the region of a respective Zündvorsprungs 80, these high temperatures in the heat transfer element 58 can be used directly while in the other, for the purpose of heating the porous evaporator medium 50, a reduced heat transfer will take place by additionally inserting a heat conduction resistance.
  • the intermediate element 82 may be constructed, for example, of a so-called insulating ceramic, which has a thermal conductivity or specific thermal conductivity in the range of 0.3 W / mK.
  • insulating ceramic which has a thermal conductivity or specific thermal conductivity in the range of 0.3 W / mK.
  • thermal insulation materials that are resistant to high temperatures, eg. Available under the registered trademark PROMAFELD 9.
  • the material or also the thickness of the intermediate element 82 it can be predetermined here how large the heat conduction resistance is during heat transfer to the porous evaporator medium 50 and thus what proportion of the heat is transferred to this porous evaporator medium on the one hand and to the projection 80 on the other hand ,
  • a plurality of ignition projections 80 can be provided in order to provide a plurality of regions distributed over the region of the bottom wall 20, in which case the ignition will then start, so that from the beginning of the combustion already a very uniform distribution of combustion in the combustion chamber 22 can be obtained.
  • the heating element 66 can be operated in such a way that it is initially more strongly excited at the start of the starting phase, that is, it heats up more to provide the high temperatures required in the region of the ignition projection 80, and then, when the combustion has been started, operated with lower heating power, so that substantially only the fuel evaporation is increasingly supported, if necessary.
  • a conventional heating wire, z. Kanthal which can provide a heating power of about 250W.
  • the above-mentioned intermediate element 82 or its function of the additional heat transfer barrier can also be taken over by the bottom wall 20 of the combustion chamber housing 16 itself if the combustion chamber housing 16 or at least the bottom wall 20 thereof is constructed of a material which generates a corresponding heat transfer barrier.
  • Difficult heat transfer between the heat transfer element 58 and the bottom wall 20 of the combustion chamber housing 16 can also be achieved by surface structuring in the region of at least one surface of these two components, so that with corresponding roughened, ribbed or otherwise structured surface, the total contact surface of these two components is reduced and a correspondingly reduced heat transfer from the heat transfer element 58 to the bottom wall 20 of the combustion chamber housing 16 will be the result. It is also conceivable, in principle, to arrange the intermediate element provided between the heat transfer element and the porous evaporator medium, if this is not formed by the bottom wall 20 itself, between the bottom wall 20 and the porous evaporator medium 50.
  • the heating / ignition device 56 to be provided according to the invention can also be provided if a combustion air inlet connection is formed in the region of the bottom wall 20 of the combustion chamber housing 16, so that the combustion air flows in Substantially from the inside radially into the combustion chamber 22 can flow or can additionally flow from radially inward into the combustion chamber 22.
  • a combustion air inlet connection is formed in the region of the bottom wall 20 of the combustion chamber housing 16, so that the combustion air flows in Substantially from the inside radially into the combustion chamber 22 can flow or can additionally flow from radially inward into the combustion chamber 22.

Claims (19)

  1. Un arrangement de chambre de combustion pour un brûleur à vaporisation, en particulier pour un dispositif de chauffage de véhicule, comprenant un boîtier de chambre de combustion (16) définissant une chambre de combustion (22), et un dispositif de chauffage/allumage (56) avec un élément de chauffage (66) électriquement excitable et un élément de transmission thermique (58) en contact de transmission thermique avec l'élément de chauffage (66), étant prévu dans un paroi (20) du boîtier de chambre de combustion (16), caractérisé par l'élément de transmission thermique (58) comprenant au moins une saillie d'allumage (80) en saillie vers la chambre de combustion (22).
  2. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par un élément de vaporisation poreux (50) étant prévu à un côté (60) de l'élément de transmission thermique (58) orienté vers la chambre de combustion (22), et par la au moins une saillie d'allumage (80) qui s'enfonce dans une encoche (78) dans l'élément de vaporisation (50).
  3. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par l'encoche (78) étant ouverte envers la chambre de combustion (22).
  4. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par la au moins une saillie d'allumage (80) dépassant l'élément de vaporisation (50) et s'étendant dans la chambre de combustion (22).
  5. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par l'élément de transmission thermique (58) étant arrangé à un côté (54) du paroi (20) du boîtier de chambre de combustion (16) qui est opposé à la chambre de combustion (22), et par la au moins une saillie d'allumage (80) passant par une ouverture (76) formée dans le paroi (20).
  6. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon la revendication 2 ou une des revendications 3 à 5, si ces dernières se réfèrent à la revendication 2, caractérisé par un élément intermédiaire (82) étant arrangé entre l'élément de transmission thermique (58) et l'élément de vaporisation (50) et possédant une conductivité thermique inférieure à celle de l'élément de transmission thermique (58).
  7. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par la au moins une saillie d'allumage (80) passant par une ouverture (88) formée dans l'élément intermédiaire (82).
  8. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé par l'élément intermédiaire (82) possédant une conductivité thermique de 0,1 à 0,5 W/mK, de préférence de environ 0,3 W/mK.
  9. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé par l'élément intermédiaire (82) étant fait d'un materiel céramique.
  10. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le paroi (20) étant un paroi au fond (20) du boîtier de chambre de combustion (16).
  11. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par l'élément de transmission thermique (58) possédant une conductivité thermique de 30 à 200 W/mK, de préférence de 100 à 180 W/mK.
  12. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par l'élément de transmission thermique (58) possédant une résistance électrique specifique d'au moins 1011 Ωcm, de préférence d'au moins 1014 Ωcm.
  13. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé par l'élément de transmission thermique (58) étant fait de materiel céramique, de préférence de nitride d'aluminium, de nitride de silicium ou de carbide de silicium.
  14. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé par un arrangement de depression (64) étant prevu dans l'élément de transmission thermique (58), dans lequel l'élément de chauffage (66) est reçu au moins en partie.
  15. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par l'élément de chauffage (66) étant enfermé entre l'élément de transmission thermique (58) et un élément d'extrémité (68).
  16. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon la revendication 15, caractérisé par l'élément d'extrémité (68) possédant une conductivité thermique inférieure à celle de l'élément de transmission thermique (58).
  17. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon la revendication 15 ou 16, caractérisé par l'élément d'extrémité (68) possédant une conductivité thermique de 0,02 à 0,06 W/mK, de préférence d'environ 0,04 W/mK.
  18. L'arrangement de chambre de combustion selon une des revendications 15 à 17, caractérisé par l'élément d'extrémité (68) étant fait de matériel céramique.
  19. Dispositif de chauffage de véhicule, comprenant un arrangement de chambre de combustion (12) selon une des revendications précédentes.
EP20040013162 2003-06-05 2004-06-03 Chambre de combustion pour un brûleur à vaporisation, en particulier pour le chauffage d'un véhicule Expired - Fee Related EP1484552B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2003125574 DE10325574A1 (de) 2003-06-05 2003-06-05 Brennkammeranordnung für einen Verdampferbrenner, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät
DE10325574 2003-06-05

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EP1484552A1 EP1484552A1 (fr) 2004-12-08
EP1484552B1 true EP1484552B1 (fr) 2009-05-27

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Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1484552B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004361070A (fr)
DE (2) DE10325574A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

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DE10360009A1 (de) * 2003-12-19 2005-07-28 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Brennstoffzuführleitungssystem bei einem Heizgerät, insbesondere Fahrzeugheizgerät
DE102004020129B3 (de) 2004-04-26 2005-08-25 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferanordnung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verdampferanordnung
DE102005003653A1 (de) * 2005-01-26 2006-08-03 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferanordnung, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät oder einen Reformer
CN100458281C (zh) * 2006-07-05 2009-02-04 山东大学 液体燃料的蒸发混合燃烧方式及其燃烧室
FR2905164B1 (fr) * 2006-08-23 2012-12-21 Prod Berger Composition a base de carbure de silicium pour bruleur a combustion catalytique en matiere poreuse.
FR2905165B1 (fr) * 2006-08-23 2008-10-10 Prod Berger Soc Par Actions Si Bruleur a combustion catalytique presentant un embout particulier et flacon equipe d'un tel bruleur.
DE102007053488A1 (de) 2007-11-09 2009-05-14 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferbaugruppe, insbesondere für einen Verdampferbrenner eines Fahrzeugheizgeräts, und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102009026266B4 (de) * 2009-07-29 2016-01-28 Webasto Ag Mobiles Heizgerät
DE102011077891B3 (de) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-06 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferbaugruppe, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät
DE102013220655B4 (de) * 2013-10-14 2016-01-14 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Bodenbaugruppe für eine Brennkammerbaugruppe eines Verdampferbrenners
DE102013220653B4 (de) * 2013-10-14 2019-12-05 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Brennkammerbaugruppe, insbesondere für einen Verdampferbrenner
DE102018111636A1 (de) * 2018-05-15 2019-11-21 Webasto SE Verdampferbaugruppe für mobile Heizgeräte

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DE3403972A1 (de) * 1984-02-04 1985-08-08 Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting Verdampferbrenner
DE9210029U1 (fr) * 1992-07-25 1992-09-24 Webasto Thermosysteme Gmbh, 8035 Stockdorf, De
DE4442425B4 (de) * 1994-05-13 2004-09-16 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Brennkammer eines Brenners für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät oder für einen Abgas-Partikelfilter
JP3792116B2 (ja) * 2000-04-27 2006-07-05 株式会社デンソー 燃焼式ヒータ
US6726114B2 (en) * 2001-06-26 2004-04-27 J. Eberspacher Gmbh & Co., Kg Evaporative burner
DE10130638A1 (de) * 2001-06-26 2003-01-02 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Verdampferbrenner
DE10251438C5 (de) * 2002-11-05 2009-06-18 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferbrenner, insbesondere für ein Heizgerät

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EP1484552A1 (fr) 2004-12-08
JP2004361070A (ja) 2004-12-24
DE502004009519D1 (de) 2009-07-09
DE10325574A1 (de) 2004-12-30

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