EP1573100B1 - Heald - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a stranded wire, as it can be found in particular as healds in looms application.

From the EP 0874930 B1 is a heald known between the upper and lower cross member healds are curious. The healds are kept stationary parallel to each other at a distance. They have at both ends in each case an end eye, which surrounds a strand holding profile and is thus held in a form-fitting manner. In addition, each heddle has an eye through which a thread, for example a warp thread of a weaving machine, runs. In operation, the heald is moved back and forth with the strands in Litzenlängsrichtung, with very much high accelerations occur. It has therefore been tried to clamp the healds so that the end eyelets have little or no play on the associated profile. For this purpose, it has been proposed to arrange on the Litzentragprofil an expandable element in the form of a fluidbeaufschlagbaren tube, which passes through the end eyelets parallel to the Litzentragprofil and clamped in the expanded state.

With this measure, the end eyelets can be set free of play on the heald. However, this is a considerable effort to drive. In particular, the heald must be set up for this measure and measures must be taken to securely close the actuating fluid.

The play-free determination of the strands on the heald opens the possibility to achieve a safe and controlled operation even at high operating speeds and thus large accelerations of the heald. The effort to be done, accordingly EP 0874930 B1 , but is relatively high.

From the DE 195 48 176 a heald for a weaving shank is known, the end eyelet shape is adapted to the heald bar with an end loop surrounds the heald stirrup backlash and the opposite Endöse the heald encloses its associated Litzentragschiene with a game that is adapted to the maximum deflection of the Litzentragschiene.

The deflection of the Litzentragschienen depends primarily on the performance of the weaving machines and increases in increasing the same. It is thus extremely difficult, the deflection, the game of a Endöse the heald to DE 195 48 176 decisively determined to define in advance. It is, if at all, very often detectable only during operation of the weaving machine.

From the DE 10035886 and the GB 1959 For example, there is known a heald for a heald having an elastic connection means between the heald and the end eyelet thereof. As a result, the strand is made more elastic and subsequent attachment and replacement of the strand in the heddle support rail. However, acceleration and braking forces must be transferred from the end eyelet via the elastic connecting means to the strand.

Furthermore, from the DE 29 35 504 a heald known, with a Litzenschaft and end eyelets, each overlap a Litzentragschiene one-sided. The distance between the inner abutment surfaces of the end loops of each other is greater than the distance between the two outer edges of the two Litzentragschienen so that the strands sit with play on the Litzentragschienen. To compensate for this game, a compression spring is arranged on an end eye, which is supported with one end to the end eyelet and with its other end to the heddle rail. The compression spring thereby biases the opposite end eye against the heddle support rail.

The known strands with separate spring elements require considerable manufacturing and manufacturing costs. In addition, a considerable installation effort is necessary.

From the NL-A-8 200 107 healds are known with annularly closed end eyelets. The end eyelets are formed as a rectangular ring with two long, parallel to each other Thighs connected by a short bridge at the top. The short bridge is slightly bent towards the inside of the ring. In this way, a certain spring action can be achieved, with which the Endöse is resiliently clamped on the heddle support rail.

On this basis, it is an object of the invention to provide a simple measure with which it is possible to further postpone the upper limit for the working speed of a weaving machine resulting from the heddle.

This object is achieved with a stranded wire according to claim 1. The particular advantage of this solution according to the invention is that it manages without changing the weaving machine, in particular without changing the heald. The provided on the Endöse or integrally connected spring means allows the play-free mounting of the strand relative to the direction of movement of the heald, which coincides with the longitudinal direction of the strand. A rattling, hitting and thus incorporation of the heddle head into the heddle support rail is thereby reduced or suppressed. In addition, the spring means causes a tolerance compensation, so that the Endöse between two opposing surfaces can be kept taut, with smaller deviations of the heddle head or distance variations between the two pressure surfaces are compensated by the spring means.

In addition, the provided on the Endöse spring means creates the prerequisite to be able to tighten end loops and thus strands on the heald support rail. For example, a clamping means in the form of a movably mounted pressure rail may be provided on the heddle support rail, which clamps the end eyelets in place. The spring means provided at the end eyelets allow tolerance compensation, so that all end eyelets are tightened relatively evenly. This creates the conditions for a mechanical clamping device in which a single clamping member, or a single clamping rail clamps all the end loops.

The spring means also provides some buffering during abrupt acceleration or deceleration. It is designed to be compliant with respect to the longitudinal direction of each strand. Different embodiments are possible. In preferred embodiments, the spring means is formed by a planar portion of the heddle head provided with one or more recesses for increasing axial compliance. The advantage of this embodiment is that the pitch of the strands can be very narrow, i. the spring means does not require lateral space. Alternatively, however, it may also be formed by a spring tongue, which is curved laterally, for example. The merit of this embodiment may be an increased compliance of the spring means.

The invention can be realized both on only one end loop of a stranded wire and on both end eyelets provided on the ends of the stranded wire. In an embodiment intended in particular for high-speed machines, the strand is provided at one end only with an end eye according to the invention, while the other end is without end eye. In this case, the free end of the strand can be mounted axially displaceably in a guide. In this way, relative movements between opposing cross members of a heald are not transmitted to the strand. Such relative movements can occur as a result of dynamic loads when high accelerations are acting.

In a preferred embodiment, the strands are formed kink-resistant. You can therefore transfer not only tensile but also compressive forces. Buckling resistance is achieved, for example, by a bending edge running in the longitudinal direction of the heddle or a curvature of the strand.

In a further preferred embodiment, the strands are formed in the two sections, which are each between the end eyelet and the eye, with different cross sections. In this case, preferably two different cross-sections are used with different cross-sectional areas, wherein a portion of a Endöse to the eye usually has a constant cross-section. The cross sections may differ, for example, by the cross-sectional shape. Additionally or alternatively, they may differ with respect to the area of the cross-sectional area. For example, the strand can consist of a flat material of constant thickness, wherein the strand sections, seen from the flat side, have different widths.

This offers the possibility of providing the heald with a thick cross-section in the area in which it is subjected to heavy loads and with a thin cross-section in the area of lower stress. As a result, the weight of the heald is reduced and thus the spring constant of the spring means of the end eyelet smaller, which can then mean a simpler form of the spring means.

The end eyelets provided with the spring means allow, as mentioned, a clamping by a clamping device provided on the heald. The clamping device preferably has a cooperating with the spring means, or the end eyelets rigid clamping piece, which can be operated mechanically, for example via a wedge clamping device or via a fluidbeaufschlagtes means. The rigid design of the clamping piece has the advantage that at times relatively large forces can be absorbed, ie the end loops can be clamped with great forces.

Further details of advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the drawings, the description or subclaims.

Figur 1

einen schematisch dargestellten Webschaft, mit Tragstäben, zugehörigen Litzentragschienen sowie Weblitzen

Figur 2

Litzentragschienen mit Weblitze in quer geschnittener, ausschnittsweiser Darstellung,

Figur 3

die Litzentragschiene und Weblitze nach Figur 1 in quer geschnittener, ausschnittsweiser Darstellung in einem anderen Maßstab,

Figur 4

eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Litzentragschiene und einer Weblitze in quer geschnittener, ausschnittsweiser Darstellung,

Figur 5

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Litzentragschiene und einer Weblitze in quer geschnittener, ausschnittsweiser Darstellung,

Figur 6 und 7

Litzen, geschnitten entlang einer Linie A-A in Figur 4 in unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen,

Figur 8

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Litzentragschiene und einer Weblitze in einer ausschnittsweisen Vorderansicht,

Figur 9

eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Litzentragschiene mit Weblitze in ausschnittsweiser, quer geschnittener Darstellung,

Figur 10

eine Litzentragschiene mit mechanischer Verstelleinrichtung in ausschnittsweiser, perspektivischer Darstellung,

Figur 11

die Litzentragschiene nach Figur 10 in einer ausschnittsweisen Explosionsdarstellung,

Figur 12

eine komplette Weblitze nach Figur 4 in schematischer Darstellung und

Figur 13

eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Weblitze und einer Litzentragschiene in quer geschnittener, ausschnittsweiser Darstellung.

In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are illustrated. Show it:

FIG. 1

a weaving shank, shown schematically, with support rods, associated Litzentragschienen and healds

FIG. 2

Hitzentragschienen with hedge in cross-section, cut out,

FIG. 3

the heald track and heald after FIG. 1 in a cross-sectional, fragmentary representation on a different scale,

FIG. 4

a modified embodiment of a Litzentragschiene and a heald in cross-section, fragmentary representation,

FIG. 5

a further embodiment of a Litzentragschiene and a heald in cross-sectional, sectional illustration,

FIGS. 6 and 7

Strands cut along a line AA in FIG. 4 in different embodiments,

FIG. 8

a further embodiment of a Litzentragschiene and a heald in a fragmentary front view,

FIG. 9

a modified embodiment of a heddle support rail with heddle in a sectional, cross-sectional representation,

FIG. 10

a heddle support rail with mechanical adjustment in a fragmentary, perspective view,

FIG. 11

the heald track after FIG. 10 in a fragmentary exploded view,

FIG. 12

a complete heald after FIG. 4 in a schematic representation and

FIG. 13

a modified embodiment of a heald and a heddle support rail in cross-sectional, fragmentary representation.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a weaving shank 1 with two support or shaft rods 51 and 51 ', two associated heddle support rails 3 and 4 and strands of the invention. 2

In FIG. 2 is a section of the heald 1 illustrated, which has a plurality of spaced apart parallel strands 2. The heald 1 has an upper Litzentragschiene 3 and a lower Litzentragschiene 4, which hold the upper and lower end of the strand 2.

The strand 2 consists of a flat material which extends between the heddle support rails 3, 4 in the form of a flat strip (strand body). Approximately in the middle of an eye 5 is provided. At at least one end, for example at the upper end 6, the stranded wire 2 has an end eyelet 7, which serves to fasten the stranded wire 2 to the heddle support rail 3 and from which the heddle body 10 extends. The end eyelet 7 is in FIG. 3 illustrated in more detail. It has a respect. the longitudinal direction Y of the strand 2 open recess 8, with which the strand 2 is held on a strip 9, which is preferably integrally connected to the upper strand support rail 3. The strip 9 has an upstanding in the longitudinal direction Y of the strand 2 rib, which is connected via a web 11 with a parallel to the bar 9 oriented extension 12 of the Litzentragschiene 3. At its top, the bar 9 is rounded. Likewise, the mouth-like recess 8 of the end eye 7 is rounded in this area.

At the end eyelet 7, a spring means 14 is formed on the side remote from the recess 8 side, with which the end eyelet 7 is supported on one of the strip 9 opposite pressure surface 15. The pressure surface 15 is, for example, on the Litzentragschiene 3 formed.

The spring means 14 is formed for example by a portion of the end eyelet 7 and the heddle head, which is provided with an opening 16. This section extends following the recess 8 away from the eye 5 and is preferably made of the same material as the rest of the end eyelet 7. The opening 16, which may be formed for example in the form of a round hole is surrounded by a closed edge 17 , which is arcuately curved on its outer side and at a location 18, the pressure surface 15 touches. The edge 17 has a certain flexibility. If the distance of the point 18 of the strand 2 from the point 19 of the strand 2, in which the edge of the recess 8, the upper edge of the strip 9 contacts slightly larger than the distance between the pressure surface 15 and the contact point at which the Bar 9 and the strand 2 touch, the spring means 14, which is formed by the opening 16 provided with the portion of the end eye 7, this. Compensate for excess. The end eyelet 7 then sits under tension on the bar 9 or: on the Litzentragschiene 3. A back and forth of the Endöse 7 in the longitudinal direction Y is thereby excluded. Thus, the Endöse7 sits securely on the bar 9 and even if the recess 8 is limited in the limited between the bar 9 and the extension 12 gap only by a short leg 20. This in turn allows the design of very short, compact end eyelets 7 and correspondingly small heald bars 3, which can lead to a reduction of moving masses.

The lower heald support rail 4 ( FIG. 2 ) can in principle be designed like the upper heddle support rail 3. It However, it is advantageous, the strand 2 at its end of the loop 7 opposite end not play-free but with limited or, as in FIG. 2 illustrates also leading to unlimited play. For this purpose, the lower Litzentragschiene 4 is provided with a receiving rail 21, which has a longitudinally Y extending guide opening 22 for each strand 2. The guide opening coincides in cross section approximately with the cross section of the strand 2, wherein it has a certain excess, so that the strand 2 is held in the guide opening 22 movable.

In operation, the heald 1 makes a reciprocating movement in the direction of the longitudinal direction Y of the heald 2. Thus, each thread passing through the eyelet 5 is moved outwardly or downwardly out of a warp thread plane. The movement takes place almost leaps and bounds with high acceleration and braking forces. The required forces are thereby introduced into the heddle 2 on the heddle support rail 3, on which the heddle 2 is kept free of play. During the upward movement, the end eyelet 7 is supported on the strip 9. A spring effect is hardly noticeable here. With regard to the downward movement, the end eyelet 7 is supported via the point 18 on the pressure surface 15. The spring means 14 does not give way or only insignificantly. It is designed so stiff that it can transmit the necessary acceleration force on the end eyelet 7, without the point 19 of the strand from the strip 9 lifts. The stiffness of the spring means 14 can be adjusted for example by the size of the opening 16. The width of the remaining edge 17 then determines the compliance.

In FIG. 4 is a modified embodiment of a Litz 2 illustrated. Its end eye 7 has a differently shaped spring means 14, wherein the strand is otherwise formed in accordance with the above description. The spring means 14 is in turn formed like a compression spring 23, in that a section extending from the eye 5, following the recess 8, the end eyelet 7 is provided with lateral cutouts. The end eyelet 7, including the spring means 14 as well as the remaining strand 2 of a relatively thin sheet from which it is cut out. The end eyelet 7 is completely flat, with its two lateral, mutually opposite and in the longitudinal direction Y staggered cutouts 24, 25 overlap each other. The remaining S-shaped section is supported at its upper end again on the pressure surface 15.

A further modified embodiment of the strand 2 and the heddle support rail 3 illustrated FIG. 5 , Again, it is an end eyelet 7, the spring means 14 is in the same plane as the end eyelet 7 itself. The spring means 14, however, by a V-shaped, the recess 8 in the direction of the eye 5 away, incision 26th formed, the two legs 27, 28 separated from each other. The legs 27, 28 are supported on a triangular in cross-section pressure bar 29, which may be part of the strip 9 or the heddle support rail 3. The dimensions are in turn chosen so that the pressure bar 29 under bias between the legs 27, 28 engages, so that the end eye 7 is held without play on the bar 9. The legs 27, 28 spring slightly away from each other and towards each other, which is implemented by the inclined surfaces of the pressure bar 29 in an axial compressive force with which the end eyelet 7 with its point 19 against the bar 9 is pressed.

A further modified embodiment of the spring means 14 is made FIG. 8 seen. A neither openings nor incisions having portion 31 of the end eye 7 or a according to FIGS. 3 to 5 trained portion is bent laterally out of the plane of the remaining end eye 7 out and thus forms a curved spring tongue, with which the end eyelet 7 is supported on the pressure surface 15.

All strands 2 described above can be required and preferably bezügl. its buckling strength under compression in longitudinal direction Y be stiffened. They can do this in FIG. 7 have illustrated cross-section. The strand 2 is at the end of her head, the section AA in FIG. 5 vaulted. In other words, the strand 2 is curved in a channel shape, resulting in increased kink resistance. The curvature optionally extends, with the exception of the eyelet 5, preferably over the entire length of the strand 2, as far as the end eyelet 7 or into it. Alternatively, instead of the curvature, according to FIG. 7 also a bending edge 32 according to FIG. 6 be provided, which extends in the longitudinal direction Y. The bending edge 32 is preferably arranged approximately centrally, so that it passes through the eye 5. In an alternative embodiment, it is also possible to provide two bending edges 32, so that a total of approximately z-shaped cross-section of the strand 2 results. The advantage of this embodiment is that the bending edges 32 can extend past the eye 5, which gives the strand 2, in particular in the region of the eye 5, a particular rigidity.

Another embodiment of a heald 2 according to the invention is shown in FIG FIG. 12 shown. Without changing the end eyelets 7 and the spring means 14, this strand 2 is optimized in terms of their weight. For this purpose, the distance C, which is from the point 19 at which the strand touches the heddle support 3 in the upper region, to the point 19 'at which the strand 2 touches the heddle in the lower region, divided into two sections A and B. , The first section A, which extends from the eyelet to the beginning of the end loop, has a narrow cross-section S1. In section B, which lies on the opposite side of the eye and also extends from the eye region to the beginning region of the end eye, the strand 2 has a wider cross-section S2. Preferably, the narrow portion with S1 is half as wide as the portion with S2. The cross sections may additionally or alternatively have different shapes. According to the embodiment FIG. 12 The shape of the cross section changes in the vicinity of the eyelet 5 and in the transition region between the end loop and the remaining strand 2. It is also possible to change the cross sections lying within the section C of the strand 2 at other locations. The above-described different cross sections can be realized on strands 2 with spring means of different shapes.

The cross sections of the individual sections A, B may be square, rectangular, oval, circular, elliptical, kidney-shaped, T-shaped, U-shaped or similar.

In the above-described embodiments of the heald 1, it has initially been assumed that the pressure surface 15 with respect to the strip 9 of the heddle support rail 3 has a fixed, immovable position. However, the presented, provided with a spring means 14 strands 2 are particularly suitable for a Litzentragschiene 3, as they are made FIG. 9 is apparent. In this, a rail 33 on which the pressure surface 15 is formed, and the bar 9 of the Litzentragschiene 3 with respect to each other adjustable so that their distance can be intentionally reduced or increased. This is in FIG. 9 illustrated by an arrow 34. The adjustment is particularly advantageous for equipping the heddle support rail 3 with strands 2. In a first position, in which the rail 33 is removed from the strip 9, all the strands 2 can be suspended in the heddle support rail 3 and also moved along the heddle support rail 3. The strands 2 arrived at their respective desired position, they can be clamped there by the rail 33 is moved in the direction of the bar 9 and thereby clamped against the spring means 14 of the strands 2. In this case, all end eyelets 7 are clamped to the bar 9. Any deviations between the heddle heads or end eyelets 7 are compensated by the individual spring means 14 of the end eyelets 7.

FIG. 10 illustrates such a heddle support rail 3 and the associated rail 33 in a perspective view. The rail 33 belongs to a clamping device 35, the FIG. 11 is apparent. The rail 33 is formed for stiffening, for example, by a U-profile, the legs 36, 37 of the serving as a pressure surface 15 back protrude. The rail 33 is associated with a reverse oriented, further formed as a U-profile rail 38, the legs 41, 42 between the legs 36, 37 fit. In the legs 41, 42 elongated holes 43 are formed with respect to the longitudinal direction of the rail 38 are inclined. The slots 43 are associated with the legs 36, 37 held pins 44 which pass through the slots 43. The pins 44 form with the oblong holes 43 a wedge device, which lead to a longitudinal displacement of the rails 33, 38 against each other, that the rails 33, 38 away from each other or to each other.

A wavy curved leaf spring 45 disposed between the rails 33, 38 may be provided to bias the rails 33, 38 away from each other. Furthermore, a threaded bolt 46 serve to adjust the rails 33, 38 against each other. Thus, a rotation of the threaded bolt 46 causes an adjustment of the rail 33 and thus at the same time a distance or approach of the pressure surface 15 to the strip 9 of the heddle support rail 3, 4th

In FIG. 13 Yet another embodiment of a strand 2 with c-shaped end eyelet 7 is illustrated. From this, the elongated heddle body 10 extends away in a first direction. The heddle body 10 may, for example, be arranged in alignment with the heddle support rail 3 or offset therefrom. The spring means 14 formed by the compression spring 23 immediately adjoins the end eyelet 7. It is preferably arranged on the side facing away from the strand body of the end eye 7. The illustrated spring means 14 is merely an embodiment. It may be used in place of the compression spring 23, all other disclosed in the present specification spring means 14 and their modifications application. The spring means 14 may serve to eliminate the play of the Endöse 7 on the Litzentragschiene 3 and to dampen the Litzenbewegung. In this case, the spring means 14 may be biased in a first embodiment, so that the end eyelet 7 is constantly pressed against the heddle support rail 3 at least when the heald shaft 1 is stationary. But it is also possible to leave between the spring means 14 and the pressure surface 15 a certain amount of play, which is preferably less than the length of the heddle measured clearance of the end lug 7 on the heald bar 3.

It is possible, instead of the heddle support rail 3, which consists for example of steel, a bar, such as in accordance with FIG. 4 to provide, which is formed integrally with the shaft rod, for example made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. This applies correspondingly for all the above embodiments.

An improved stranded wire 2 has at its end eyelet 7 a spring means 14 which supports the end eyelet 7 in at least one direction resiliently on a heddle support rail 3. The spring means 14 serves to avoid play between the strand 2 and the heald 1. This measure allows an increase in the operating speed of looms.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

heald

2

braid

3, 4

shaft stave

5

eyelet

6

The End

7

end loop

8th

recess

9

strip

10

heald

11

web

12

extension

14

spring means

15

print area

16

opening

17

edge

18, 19, 19 '

Job

20

leg

21

receiving rail

22

guide opening

23

compression spring

24, 25

cutouts

26

incision

27, 28

leg

29

print bar

31

section

32

bending edge

33

rail

34

arrow

35

clamper

36, 37

leg

38

rail

41, 42

leg

43

slots

44

pen

45

leaf spring

46

threaded bolt

51, 51 '

stave

Y

longitudinal direction

Claims (17)

1. Heald (2), in particular for weaving machines,
   with an elongated heald body, which has an end eyelet (7) at one end for fastening the heald (2) to a heald slide bar (3, 4), and
   with a spring means (14) provided on the end eyelet (7),
   characterised in that the spring means (14) is formed by at least one resilient section extending away from the end eyelet (7) for support on a pressure surface (15).
2. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring means (14) is connected in one piece to the end eyelet (7).
3. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring means (14) is arranged on the end eyelet (7) on its side remote from the heald body (10).
4. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring means (14) is configured as tensioning means to mount the heald (2) on the heald slide bar (3, 4) under bias.
5. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring means (14) is flexible in the longitudinal direction (Y) of the heald.
6. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring means (14) is configured as a pressure spring (23).
7. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring means (14) is configured as a bending spring.
8. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the heald (2) is formed from a plane flat material and that the end eyelet (7) is plane.
9. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the heald (2) is configured from a plane flat material and that the spring means (14) is plane.
10. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the heald (2) is configured from a plane flat material and that the spring means (14) is formed by a curved spring tongue.
11. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the heald (2) is configured from a flat material and adjoining the end eyelet (7) has an elongated section provided with a bending edge (32) or a reinforcing curvature.
12. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that adjoining the end eyelet (7) the heald (2) has an elongated section (C), which is divided into a plurality of sections (A, B), and that these sections (A, B) have different cross-sectional surfaces.
13. Heald according to claim 11, characterised in that the cross-sectional surfaces of the sections (A, B) have a ratio of their surface contents of 1 to 2.
14. Heald according to claim 11, characterised in that the cross-sectional surfaces of the sections (A, B) have different profiles from one another.
15. Heald slide bar with a heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the abutment surface (15) for the spring means (14) is provided on the heald slide bar (3, 4).
16. Heald slide bar with a heald according to claim 15, characterised in that the abutment surface (15) is locally fixed in relation to the heald slide bar (3, 4).
17. Heald slide bar with a heald according to claim 15, characterised in that the abutment surface (15) is adjustably disposed in relation to the heald slide bar (3, 4).

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