EP1573100A1

EP1573100A1 - Heald

Info

Publication number: EP1573100A1
Application number: EP03782273A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Thomas Schmid; Gerhard Pohl; Johannes Dr. Bruske
Original assignee: Groz Beckert KG
Current assignee: Groz Beckert KG
Priority date: 2002-12-19
Filing date: 2003-12-02
Publication date: 2005-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2023-12-02
Also published as: US7281548B2; DE10260024B4; JP2006510814A; AU2003289932A1; DE50311980D1; DE10260024A1; US20060011252A1; EP1573100B1; WO2004057076A1; CZ2005395A3; CN1729327A

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved heald (2) comprising an elastic means (14) on the end eye (7) thereof, said means elastically supporting the end eye (7) on a heald carrying rail (3) in at least one direction. The elastic means (14) is used to avoid any play between the heald (2) and the heald frame (1). This measure enables the working speed of mechanical weaving looms to be increased.

Description

heald

The invention relates to a heald as can be used in particular as a heald in weaving machines.

A heald frame is known from EP 0874930 B1, between the upper and lower cross members of which healds are stretched. The healds are kept stationary at a distance parallel to each other. They have an end eyelet at both ends, which engages around a strand holding profile and is thus held in a form-fitting manner. In addition, each heald has an eye through which a thread, for example a warp thread of a weaving machine, runs. In operation, the heald frame is moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the heald, with very high accelerations occurring. It was therefore tried to clamp the healds so that the end loops on the assigned profile have little or no play. For this purpose, it has been proposed to arrange an expandable element in the form of a hose to which fluid can be applied, which passes through the end eyelets parallel to the heddle support profile and clamps it in the expanded state.

With this measure, the end loops can be attached to the heald frame without play. However, this requires considerable effort. In particular, the heald frame must be set up for this measure and measures must be taken to securely seal the actuating fluid.

The play-free fixing of the strands on the heald frame opens up the possibility of achieving a safe and controlled mode of operation even at high working speeds and thus high accelerations of the heald frame. The effort required for this, according to EP 0874930 B1, is relatively high.

From DE 195 48 176 a heald for a heald frame is known, the end eyelet of which is adapted to the heald support rail, one end eyelet enclosing the heald support rail without play and the opposite end eyelet of the heald enclosing the heald support rail associated therewith with a play which is adapted to the maximum deflection of the heald support rail is.

The deflection of the heddle support rails is primarily dependent on the performance of the weaving machines and increases as the weaving machines increase. It is therefore extremely difficult to control the deflection which is the play of an end loop of the heald determined according to DE 195 48 176, to be defined in advance. If at all, it can often only be determined when the weaving machine is in operation.

A heald for a heald frame is known from DE 10035886 and GB 1959, which has an elastic connecting means between the heald and its end eyelet. This makes the strand more elastic and facilitates the subsequent attachment and replacement of the strand in the strand support rail. However, acceleration and braking forces must be transferred from the end eyelet to the strand via the elastic connecting means.

Furthermore, a heald is known from DE 29 35 504, with a heald shaft and end loops, each of which overlaps a heald support rail on one side. The distance between the inner contact surfaces of the end eyelets from one another is greater than the distance between the two outer edges of the two heald support rails, so that the healds sit with play on the heald support rails. To compensate for this play, a compression spring is arranged on an end eyelet, which is supported at one end on the end eyelet and at the other end on the heddle support rail. The compression spring thus clamps the opposite end eyelet against the heddle support rail.

The known strands with separate spring elements require considerable manufacturing and manufacturing effort. In addition, a not inconsiderable installation effort is necessary.

Based on this, it is an object of the invention to provide a simple measure with which the upper limit for the working speed resulting from the heald frame increases Letting the loom move further.

This object is achieved with a stranded wire according to claim 1. The particular advantage of this solution according to the invention is that it manages without changing the weaving machine, in particular without changing the weaving shank. The spring means provided on the end eyelet or connected in one piece enables the strand to be supported without play with respect to the direction of movement of the heald frame, which corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the strand. Rattling, hitting and thus incorporating the stranded head into the stranded support rail is thereby reduced or suppressed. In addition, the spring means compensates for tolerances, so that the end eyelet can be held taut between two surfaces lying opposite one another, smaller dimensional deviations of the heddle head or spacing variations between the two pressure surfaces being compensated for by the spring means.

In addition, the spring means provided on the end eyelet creates the prerequisites for being able to clamp end eyelets and thus strands on the heddle support rail. For example, a clamping means in the form of a movably mounted pressure rail, which clamps the end eyelets in place, can be provided on the heddle support rail. The spring means provided on the end eyelets enable tolerance compensation, so that all end eyelets are clamped relatively evenly. This creates the prerequisites for a mechanical clamping device in which a single clamping member or a single clamping rail clamps all end eyelets.

The spring means also causes a certain amount of buffering when accelerating or braking abruptly. It is the Resiliently formed longitudinal direction of each strand. Different embodiments are possible. In preferred embodiments, the spring means is formed by a flat section of the heddle head, which is provided with one or more recesses to increase the axial compliance. The advantage of this embodiment is that the pitch of the strands can be very narrow, ie the spring means does not take up any lateral space. Alternatively, however, it can also be formed by a spring tongue, which is curved laterally, for example. The advantage of this embodiment can be an increased flexibility of the spring means.

The invention can be implemented both on only one end loop of a strand and on both end loops provided at the ends of the strand. In an embodiment provided in particular for high-speed machines, the strand is provided with an end eyelet according to the invention only at one end, while the other end is without an end eyelet. In this case, the free strand end can be axially displaceably supported in a guide. In this way, relative movements between mutually opposite cross members of a heald frame are not transmitted to the heddle. Such relative movements can occur as a result of dynamic loads when high accelerations act.

In a preferred embodiment, the strands are designed to be kink-resistant. You can therefore not only transmit tensile but also compressive forces. Kink resistance is achieved, for example, by a bending edge running in the longitudinal direction of the heald or a curvature of the heald. In a further preferred embodiment, the strands are formed with different cross sections in the two sections, each lying between the end eyelet and the eye. Two different cross-sections with different cross-sectional areas are preferably used, a section from an end eyelet to the eye generally having a constant cross-section. The cross-sections can differ, for example, by the cross-sectional shape. Additionally or alternatively, they can differ in terms of the area of the cross-sectional area. For example, the strand can consist of a flat material of constant thickness, the strand sections, as seen from the flat side, have different widths.

This makes it possible to provide the heald with a thick cross-section in the area in which it is subjected to high stress and with a thin cross-section in the area where it is subjected to less stress. This reduces the weight of the heald and thus the spring constant of the spring means of the end loop is smaller, which can then mean a simpler shape of the spring means.

As mentioned, the end eyelets provided with the spring means permit clamping by means of a clamping device provided on the heald frame. The clamping device preferably has a rigid clamping piece which interacts with the spring means or the end eyelets and can be actuated mechanically, for example via a wedge clamping device or via a fluid-loaded means. The rigid construction of the clamping piece has the advantage that relatively large forces can be absorbed at certain points, ie the end loops can be clamped with great forces. Further details of advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the drawing, the description or subclaims.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawing. Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematically illustrated heald frame, with support rods, associated heald support rails and healds

FIG. 2 heald support rails with heald in a cross-sectional, sectional illustration,

3 shows the heald support rail and heald according to FIG

1 in a cross-sectional, sectional representation on a different scale,

FIG. 4 shows a modified embodiment of a heald support rail and a heald in a cross-sectional, sectional illustration,

FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a heddle support rail and a heddle in a cross-sectional, sectional illustration,

Figure 6 and 7 strands cut along a line A-A in

FIG. 4 in different embodiments,

FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of a heald carrying rail and a heald in a partial front view,

FIG. 9 shows a modified embodiment of a heddle support rail with a heddle in a cross-sectional representation,

FIG. 10 shows a heddle support rail with a mechanical adjusting device in a perspective view,

FIG. 11 shows the stranded support rail according to FIG. 10 in a fragmentary exploded view,

FIG. 12 shows a complete heald frame according to FIG. 4 in a schematic representation and

FIG. 13 shows a modified embodiment of a heald and a heald support rail in a cross-sectional, sectional illustration.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a heald frame 1 with two supporting or shaft rods 51 and 51 ', two associated heald support rails 3 and 4 and healds 2 according to the invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates a section of the heald frame 1 which has a plurality of strands 2 held parallel to one another at a distance from one another. The heald frame 1 has an upper heddle support rail 3 and a lower heddle support rail 4, which grip the upper and lower ends of the heddle 2.

The strand 2 consists of a flat material which extends between the strand support rails 3, 4 in the form of a flat strip (strand body). An eye 5 is provided approximately in the middle. At at least one end, for example at the upper end 6, the strand 2 has an end eyelet 7, which is used to fasten the strand 2 to the strand support rail 3 and from which the strand body 10 extends. The end loop 7 is illustrated in more detail in FIG. 3. She has a reference. the longitudinal direction Y of the strand 2 open recess 8, with which the strand 2 is held on a strip 9, which is preferably integrally connected to the upper strand support rail 3. The strip 9 has a rib projecting in the longitudinal direction Y of the strand 2, which is connected via a web 11 to an extension 12 of the strand support rail 3 oriented parallel to the strip 9. The bar 9 is rounded at its top. Likewise, the mouth-like recess 8 of the end eyelet 7 is rounded in this area.

A spring means 14 is formed on the end eyelet 7 on the side remote from the recess 8, with which the end eyelet 7 is supported on a pressure surface 15 opposite the bar 9. The printing surface 15 is, for example, on the Stranded support rail 3 formed.

The spring means 14 is formed, for example, by a section of the end eyelet 7 or the heddle head, which is provided with an opening 16. This section, following the recess 8, extends away from the eye 5 and is preferably made of the same material as the rest of the end eyelet 7. The opening 16, which can be in the form of a round hole, for example, is surrounded by a closed edge 17 , which is curved in an arc on its outside and touches the pressure surface 15 at a point 18. The edge 17 has a certain flexibility. If the distance of the point 18 of the strand 2 from the point 19 of the strand 2, at which the edge of the recess 8 touches the upper edge of the strip 9, is slightly greater than the distance between the pressure surface 15 and the contact point at which the Touch bar 9 and the strand 2, the spring means 14, which is formed by the portion provided with the opening 16 of the end eyelet 7, can compensate for this excess. The end eyelet 7 then sits under tension on the bar 9 or on the heddle support rail 3. This prevents the end eyelet 7 from swinging back and forth in the longitudinal direction Y. ^Thus' sits Endöse7 securely on the bar 9 even when the recess 8 12 limited intermediate space is limited only by a short leg 20 in the between the bar 9 and the extension. This in turn allows the design of very short, compact end loops 7 and correspondingly small stranded support rails 3, which can lead to a reduction in moving masses.

The lower heddle support rail 4 (FIG. 2) can in principle be designed like the upper heddle support rail 3. It However, it is advantageous not to run the strand 2 at its end opposite the end eyelet 7 without play but with limited or, as illustrated in FIG. 2, also unlimited play. For this purpose, the lower heddle support rail 4 is provided with a receiving rail 21 which has a guide opening 22 extending in the longitudinal direction Y for each heddle 2. The guide opening corresponds in cross section approximately to the cross section of the strand 2, wherein it has a certain oversize, so that the strand 2 is movably held in the guide opening 22.

In operation, the heald frame 1 carries out a reciprocating movement in the direction of the longitudinal direction Y of the heddle 2. Thus, each thread running through the eye 5 is moved upwards or downwards out of a warp thread plane. The movement takes place almost in leaps and bounds with high acceleration and braking forces. The required forces are introduced into the strand 2 on the strand support rail 3, on which the strand 2 is held without play. During the upward movement, the end eyelet 7 is supported on the bar 9. There is hardly any spring effect here. With regard to the downward movement, the end eyelet 7 is supported via the location 18 on the pressure surface 15. The spring means 14 does not yield, or only insignificantly. It is designed so stiff that it can transmit the necessary acceleration force to the end eyelet 7 without the point 19 of the strand lifting off the strip 9. The rigidity of the spring means 14 can be adjusted, for example, by the size of the opening 16. The width of the remaining edge 17 then determines the compliance.

4 shows a modified embodiment of a Strand 2 illustrates. Its end eyelet 7 has a differently designed spring means 14, the stranded wire being otherwise designed in accordance with the above description. The spring means 14 is in turn designed like a compression spring 23 in that a section which extends away from the eye 5 following the recess 8 is provided with side cutouts in the end eyelet 7. The end eyelet 7, including the spring means 14 as well as the rest of the strand 2, consists of a relatively thin sheet from which it is cut out. The end eyelet 7 is completely flat, its two lateral cutouts 24, 25 lying opposite one another and offset in the longitudinal direction Y overlapping one another. The remaining S-shaped section is supported with its upper end in turn on the pressure surface 15.

A further modified embodiment of the heald 2 and the heald support rail 3 is illustrated in FIG. 5. This is also an end eyelet 7, the spring means 14 of which lie in the same plane as the end eyelet 7 itself. The spring means 14 is, however, a V-shaped one , the recess 8 in the direction away from the eye 5, opposite incision 26 is formed, which separates two legs 27, 28 from each other. The legs 27, 28 are supported on a pressure strip 29 with a triangular cross section, which can be part of the strip 9 or the heddle support rail 3. The dimensions are in turn chosen so that the pressure bar 29 engages under pretension between the legs 27, 28, so that the end eyelet 7 is held on the bar 9 without play. The legs 27, 28 spring slightly away from one another and towards one another, which is converted by the inclined surfaces of the pressure bar 29 into an axial pressure force with which the end eyelet 7 is secured with its location 19. gene the bar 9 is pressed.

A further modified embodiment of the spring means 14 can be seen in Figure 8. A section 31 of the end eyelet 7, which has neither openings nor incisions, or a section designed according to FIGS. 3 to 5, is bent laterally out of the plane of the remaining end eyelet 7 and thus forms a curved spring tongue with which the end eyelet 7 is supported on the pressure surface 15 ,

All of the strands 2 described above can be used as required and preferably with reference to. their kink resistance under pressure load in the longitudinal direction Y be stiffened. For this purpose, they can have a cross section illustrated in FIG. 7. The strand 2 is curved after its head, the section AA in FIG. 5 is curved. In other words, the strand 2 is bent in a groove-like manner, which results in increased kink resistance. With the exception of the eye 5, the curvature extends, if appropriate, preferably over the entire length of the strand 2 as far as or into the end eyelet 7. Alternatively, instead of the curvature, according to FIG. 7, a bending edge 32 according to FIG. 6 can also be provided, which extends in the longitudinal direction Y. The bending edge 32 is preferably arranged approximately centrally so that it goes through the eye 5. In an alternative embodiment, it is also possible to provide two bending edges 32, so that there is an overall approximately Z-shaped cross section of the strand 2. The advantage of this embodiment is that the bending edges 32 can extend past the eye 5, which gives the strand 2, in particular in the area of the eye 5, a particular rigidity. Another embodiment of a heald 2 according to the invention is shown in FIG. Without changing the end eyelets 7 and the spring means 14, this strand 2 is optimized in terms of its weight. For this purpose, the distance C, which is divided into two sections A and B from the point 19 at which the heald touches the heald support rail 3 in the upper region to the point 19 'at which the heald 2 contacts the heald support rail in the lower region , The first section A, which extends from the eye area to the start area of the end eyelet, has a narrow cross section SI. In section B, which lies on the opposite side of the eye and also extends from the eye area to the beginning area of the end loop, the strand 2 has a wider cross section S2. The narrow section with SI is preferably half as wide as the section with S2. The cross sections can additionally or alternatively have different shapes. In the embodiment according to FIG. 12, the shape of the cross section changes in the vicinity of the eye 5 and in the transition area between the end eyelet and the rest of the strand 2. It is also possible for the cross sections lying within the section C of the strand 2 at other points to change. The different cross-sections described above can be realized on strands 2 with spring means of the most varied of shapes.

The cross sections of the individual sections A, B can be square, rectangular, oval, circular, elliptical, kidney-shaped, T-shaped, U-shaped or similar.

In the embodiments of the heald frame 1 described above, it was initially assumed that the pressure surface 15 with respect to the bar 9 of the heddle support slide ne 3 has a fixed, non-adjustable position. However, the strands 2 presented, provided with a spring means 14, are particularly suitable for a strand support rail 3, as can be seen from FIG. 9. In this case, a rail 33, on which the pressure surface 15 is formed, and the bar 9 of the heddle support rail 3 are adjustable in relation to one another, so that their distance can be deliberately reduced or increased. This is illustrated in FIG. 9 by an arrow 34. The adjustment option is particularly advantageous for equipping the heald support rail 3 with healds 2. In a first position, in which the rail 33 is removed from the strip 9, all of the strands 2 can be hooked into the heddle support rail 3 and can also be displaced along the heddle support rail 3. When the strands 2 have arrived at their respectively desired position, they can be clamped there by moving the rail 33 in the direction of the strip 9 and tensioning it against the spring means 14 of the strands 2. All end eyelets 7 are clamped onto the bar 9. Any dimensional deviations between the heddle heads or end lugs 7 are compensated for by the individual spring means 14 of the end lugs 7.

Figure 10 illustrates such a heddle support rail 3 and the associated rail 33 in a perspective view. The rail 33 belongs to a clamping device 35, which can be seen in FIG. 11. The rail 33 is formed for stiffening, for example by a U-profile, the legs 36, 37 of which protrude from the back serving as the pressure surface 15. The rail 33 is assigned a reversely oriented, further rail 38 designed as a U-profile, the legs 41, 42 of which fit between the legs 36, 37. Elongated holes 43 are formed in the legs 41, 42 and lent the longitudinal direction of the rail 38 are inclined. Pins 44, which pass through elongated holes 43, are assigned to elongated holes 43 in legs 36, 37. The pins 44 together with the elongated holes 43 form a wedge device which, when the rails 33, 38 are longitudinally adjusted relative to one another, cause the rails 33, 38 to move away from one another or towards one another.

A wave-shaped curved leaf spring 45 arranged between the rails 33, 38 can be provided to tension the rails 33, 38 away from each other. Furthermore, a threaded bolt 46 can be used to adjust the rails 33, 38 longitudinally against one another. Thus, turning the threaded bolt 46 causes an adjustment of the rail 33 and thus at the same time a removal or approach of the pressure surface 15 to the bar 9 of the heddle support rail 3, 4.

A further embodiment of a strand 2 with a c-shaped end eyelet 7 is illustrated in FIG. The elongated strand body 10 extends away from the latter in a first direction. The heddle body 10 can, for example, be aligned with the heddle support rail 3 or offset from it. The spring means 14 formed by the compression spring 23 directly adjoins the end eyelet 7. It is preferably arranged on the side of the end eyelet 7 facing away from the heddle body. The illustrated spring means 14 is only one embodiment. Instead of the compression spring 23, all other spring means 14 disclosed in the present description and their modifications can also be used. The spring means 14 can serve to eliminate the play of the end eyelet 7 on the heddle support rail 3 and to dampen the heddle movement. The spring means 14 in a first embodiment, so that the end eyelet 7, at least when the heald frame 1 is at rest, is constantly pressed against the heddle support rail 3. However, it is also possible to leave a certain play between the spring means 14 and the pressure surface 15, which play is preferably less than the play of the end eyelet 7 on the heald support rail 3 measured along the heald.

Instead of the heddle support rail 3, which consists, for example, of steel, it is possible to provide a strip, such as, for example, according to FIG. 4, which is formed in one piece with the shaft rod, for example from aluminum or an aluminum alloy. This applies accordingly to all of the above exemplary embodiments.

An improved strand 2 has on its end eyelet 7 a spring means 14 which resiliently supports the end eyelet 7 on a heddle support rail 3 in at least one direction. The spring means 14 serves to avoid play between the heddle 2 and the heald frame 1. This measure allows the working speed of weaving machines to be increased.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 heald frame

2 strands

3, 4 stranded support rail

5 eye

6 end

7 end loop

8 recess

9 bar

10 strands

11 bridge

12 extension

14 spring means

15 printing area

16 opening

17 margin

18, 19, 19 'digit

20 legs

21 mounting rail

22 guide opening

23 compression spring

24, 25 cutouts

26 incision

27, 28 legs

29 Print bar

31 section

32 bending edge

33 rail

34 arrow

35 clamping device

36, 37 legs Splint, 42 legs

slots

pen

leaf spring

Threaded bolt, 51 'shaft rod

longitudinal direction

Claims

Claims:

1. strand (2), in particular for weaving machines,

with an elongated heald body, which has an end eyelet (7) at one end for fastening the heald (2) to a heald support rail (3, 4), and

with a spring means (14) provided on the end eyelet (7).

2. Strand according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring means (14) with the end eyelet (7) is integrally connected.

3. A strand according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring means (14) on the side of the end loop (7) facing away from the strand body (10) is arranged on the latter.

4. strand according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring means (14) is designed as a tensioning means to store the strand (2) on the strand support rail (3, 4) pretensioned.

5. Stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring means (14) is formed by at least one resilient section extending away from the end eyelet (7).

6. strand according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring means (14) in the strand longitudinal direction (Y) is resilient.

7. strand according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring means (14) is designed as a compression spring (23).

8. strand according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring means (14) is designed as a spiral spring.

9. strand according to claim 1, characterized in that the strand (2) is formed from a flat flat material and that the end eyelet (7) is flat.

10. Stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the stranded wire (2) is made of a flat flat material and that the spring means (14) is made flat.

11. Stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the stranded wire (2) is formed from a flat flat material and that the spring means (14) is formed by a curved spring tongue.

12. Stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the stranded wire (2) is formed from a flat material and, following the end eyelet (7), has an elongated section which is provided with a bending edge (32) or a stiffening curvature.

13. Stranded wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the stranded wire (2), following the end eyelet (7), has an elongated section (C) which is divided into several sections (A, B), and that these sections (A, B); have different cross-sectional areas.

14. Stranded wire according to claim 13, characterized in that the cross-sectional areas of the sections (A, B) have a ratio of their area contents of 1 to 2.

15. Stranded wire according to claim 13, characterized in that the cross-sectional areas of the sections (A, B) have profiles which differ from one another.

16. heddle support rail for receiving a heddle according to claim 1, characterized in that the heddle support rail (3, 4) has a contact surface (15) for the spring means (14).

17. heddle support rail according to claim 16, characterized in that the contact surface (15) with respect to the heddle support rail (3, 4) is arranged stationary.

18. heddle support rail according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact surface (15) is adjustably mounted with respect to the heddle support rail (3, 4).

18. Heald frame for receiving a heddle support rail (3, 4) with a heddle (2) according to claim 1.