WO2004057078A2

WO2004057078A2 - Heddle

Info

Publication number: WO2004057078A2
Application number: PCT/EP2003/014448
Authority: WO
Inventors: Günter Büchle; Johannes Bruske; Thomas Schmid
Original assignee: Groz-Beckert Kg
Priority date: 2002-12-19
Filing date: 2003-12-18
Publication date: 2004-07-08
Also published as: WO2004057078A3; AU2003296669A1; DE10260051A1; DE10260051B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a heddle (1) for a high speed weaving machine. The inventive heddle is actuated by at least two connection points (44, 46) which are arranged on the ends of a cross bar (2). Said connection points (44, 46) and other eventual connection points (45) are disposed in such a way that the deformation of segments therebetween and at the ends of the cross bar is balanced i.e., it is more or less equal, the deformation of the cross bar (2) by a dynamic force being in general minimum. Said invention makes it possible to use high operating speeds without essentially increasing the stiffness of a corresponding cross bar or of the entire heddle (1).

Description

heald

The invention relates to a heald frame, in particular for training.

In looms the warp threads run through healds which are moved transversely to the warp thread in order to deflect the warp threads in groups up and down with respect to a warp thread plane in order to form a compartment for inserting a protective thread between the warp thread groups. The strands are held on a frame called the heald frame. The heald frame is moved up and down in the working cycle of the weaving machine, ie in the longitudinal direction of the healds. Such an arrangement is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,004,562. The heald frame has an upper and a lower crossmember on which the strands are attached. Lateral vertical struts connect the cross beams with each other. The vertical struts are guided in linear guides. A drive device is centered on the lower cross member to move it up and down.

Modern weaving machines require increasing working speeds. Classic heald frames with the above-mentioned design can only insufficiently meet this requirement. The heald frame is subject to deformation during rapid reciprocating movement, which can lead to incorrect positioning of the strands and other difficulties. Attempts have therefore been made to produce shaft profiles from carbon fiber composite materials. This measure leads to a weight reduction at unacceptably high costs. The resulting increase in performance is far from sufficient in relation to the increased costs. It is therefore hardly possible to advance economically into higher performance classes.

Proceeding from this, it is the object of the invention to create a heald frame which enables an increased working speed.

This problem is solved with the heald frame according to claim 1:

The heald frame according to the invention has at least one cross member which is provided with a connecting means for connecting strands. The cross member is moved back and forth with respect to its transverse direction. The direction of movement coincides with the longitudinal direction of the strands. In order to give the crossmember the desired movement, it is connected to a drive device via actuating elements. The actuating elements are, for example, push rods which act on the cross member at two or more spaced apart locations. At least one of the actuating elements engages at a point spaced from the ends of the cross member. It has been shown that this creates the basis for a reduced deformation of the cross member under the influence of static and dynamic loads. Inertial forces, which act on both sides of each connection point on the cross member when accelerating and braking the same, can partially or completely compensate for the connection point, thereby minimizing the deformation of the cross member. While crossbeams, which are only connected at their ends to actuating elements, dynamic deflections of, for example, 5 mm can occur, these can be drastically reduced if the connection points are arranged away from the ends of the crossbeam. On the other hand, due to the reduced cross member deformation at a given dynamic load, the acceleration and deceleration of the cross member can be significantly increased during the formation of the compartment. This enables the weaving machine to work faster. The drive forces to be applied by the drive device are introduced into the crossmember at points which lead to reduced beam deformation. Embodiments with two or more connection points are possible. If only two connection points are provided, these are spaced from the ends. If three or more connection points are provided, at least the inner connection points are from the ends of the cross member spaced. The outer ones can be arranged at the ends or at a distance from them.

The connection points on the cross member are preferably arranged in such a way that the deformation of the segments between the connection points and at the ends is approximately equal in amount. The deformation of the cross member caused by inertial forces is reduced to a minimum. .. The connection points between the actuators and the crossmember do not perform a rotary or swivel movement under the influence of dynamic loads, but only a linear movement. The longitudinal elements (segments) of the crossbeam adjacent to the connection point, on the other hand, perform at least a slight pivoting movement when the beam is bent under dynamic load. The articulation of the actuating elements at the connection points largely minimizes the bending of the support and thus enables particularly high working speeds.

The connection points are preferably just so far from the ends of the cross member that deformations occurring under load are the same size on both sides of the connection points. With this criterion, too, the overall deformation is minimized, thereby achieving the highest possible working speed.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the drive device is connected to the cross member via at least three actuating elements. Due to the introduction of force distributed over at least three connection points, the deformation of the cross member is reduced to such an extent, even at the highest working speeds, that it can be considered practically rigid. The actuating elements and connection points are preferably arranged at equal distances from one another. This also helps to minimize deformation under the influence of dynamic loads.

The heald frame preferably has two cross members, one of which is connected to the drive device. Both cross beams each have connecting means for receiving or fastening healds. The cross beams extend parallel to one another and at a distance from one another. They are connected to each other via the healds. In a first embodiment, the cross members are connected to one another at their ends via side struts, so that they move together as a rigid frame. In a second embodiment, one cross member rests while the other moves with the strands. This embodiment has the advantage of drastically further reduced moving masses, which in turn benefits the working speed.

In both embodiments, it has proven to be expedient to grasp the strands on the cross member connected to the drive device with little play, so that the force is applied to accelerate and brake the strands on this cross member. This benefits because of the short force paths of the working speed. In this context, it has also proven to be expedient to make the strands as kink-resistant as possible. This can be done by bending or arching in the longitudinal direction.

Kink-resistant strands can transmit compressive forces without kinking. These pressure forces can, as it turns out, has set, then be particularly high when the strand end, which is opposite to the introduction of force, is guided or supported axially displaceably. The storage is preferably carried out in such a way that the strand end is guided in this bearing device at two points that are as far apart as possible. A connection with a passage through which the relevant end of the strand extends, for example, is suitable as the connecting means. The passage then encloses the strand end along its circumference, preferably with little play. Such a socket allows a more or less large relative axial movement between the strand end and its connecting means, but the strand end in question is well supported with regard to a buckling load at this end.

Such a connecting means is preferably designed as a profile strip with passages arranged in a row and extending parallel to one another. In a preferred embodiment, this profile strip is separably connected to the cross member. This opens up the possibility of automatically inserting the upper strand ends into the profile strip using a suitable strand pulling machine. It is possible to provide the through openings in such a high density that the finest division can be achieved. In the case of coarser divisions, individual passages can then be left free. From case to case, it can also be expedient to insert several strands in one pass. The underlying scheme of assigning passages in the profile strip and strands can be stored in a program or in computer data, which are then used by the strand pulling machine. The invention allows for the creation of a low-weight system that allows energy-efficient, quiet weaving. The invention also allows the cost of the overall system associated with the heald frame to be reduced. The reduced deformation of the heald frame can result in reduced wear and higher weaving performance. The automatic pulling of strands is also possible.

Further advantageous details of embodiments of the invention result from the drawing, the description or the subclaims.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawing. Show it:

FIG. 1 shows a heald frame according to the invention in a schematic front view,

FIG. 2 the heald frame according to FIG. 1, cut along the line II-II in FIG. 1 on a different scale,

3 shows the connecting means of the upper cross member of the heald frame according to FIG. 1, cut along the line III-III,

FIG. 4 the heald according to FIG. 2, cut along the line IV-IV on a different scale,

FIG. 5 shows a modified embodiment of a heald in a cross-sectional illustration, Figure 6 shows a modified embodiment of the heald frame with a stationary upper cross member and

Figure 7 shows the deformations of the lower cross member in a schematic, excessive representation.

FIG. 1 illustrates a heald frame 1, which is used, for example, in a weaving machine to form the warp threads. The heald frame 1 includes a first cross member 2 and a second cross member 3, which are rigidly connected to one another via side struts 4, 5. Healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 are arranged parallel to one another and to the side struts 4, 5 between the cross members 2, 3. The healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 in FIG. 1 represent a significantly larger number of healds in individual cases, which are held close to one another and parallel to one another between the cross members 2, 3. To mount the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and other healds, not shown, the cross members 2, 3 are each provided with a connecting means 11, 12.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the connecting means 11 is formed by a heddle support rail 14, which can be connected, for example, in one piece to the cross member 2 designed as a hollow rectangular profile. For this purpose, the cross member, for example in the form of a rectangular profile, has a flat extension 15 from which the stranded support rail, which is T-shaped in cross section, extends away. The heddle support rail 14 has a strip-shaped head piece 16 which is connected to the extension 15 via a web. The head piece 16 is encompassed on both sides of the web by an end eyelet 17 of the heddle 6 that is open on one side. The clear width, the end eyelet c-shaped in side view, is larger by the play L1, L2 than the vertical height of the head piece 16. The total play L is formed by the sum of Ll and L2. It is, for example, about 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. It is so large that the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 can be easily moved along the head piece 16, but otherwise have little play. The upper cross member 3, like the lower cross member 2, is also formed as a rectangular hollow profile, for example in the form of an extruded aluminum profile with an integrally formed extension 18. As a connecting means for mounting the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, the extension 18 carries a bar 19, also referred to as a comb, which is preferably provided with passages 21, 22, 23, 24 over its entire length. The passages 21, 22, 23, 24 extend parallel to one another and parallel to the side struts 4, 5, that is to say transversely to the cross members 2, 3. The passages 21, 22, 23, 24 have mutually matching cross sections. The cross sections are somewhat larger than the cross sections of the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, but, as can be seen from FIG. 3, they are only insignificantly larger. Each passage 21, 22, 23, 24 thus forms a sliding guide for the upper end 25 (FIG. 2) of each heald 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. The height measured in the longitudinal direction of the heald 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 H of the bar 19 determines the guide length of this sliding guide. The height H and the play of the end 25 in the passage 21 are matched to one another in such a way that the heddle 6 can only pivot by a few degrees in the passage 21 without bending. This reduces the tendency of the heddle 6 to buckle to the side under dynamic load.

The heald 6 is formed, for example, by a sheet metal strip which is provided with an eye 26 in its central region. It can have a rectangular cross section. However, it is preferably angled around an edge 27 which increases in the longitudinal direction of the Heald 6 extends. This applies at least to its sections 28, 29 lying outside the eye 26.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, the heald 6 can also be curved in its section 28. The heald 6 is then curved around a line extending parallel to the heald.

The heald frame 1 is connected to a drive device 31, which is symbolized in FIG. 1 by a rod 32 driven to and fro. The rod 31 is articulated with three angle levers 33, 34, 35. The angle levers 33, 34, 35 are pivotally mounted on pivot bearings 36, 37, 38. With their end remote from the rod 32, they are each connected to the lower cross member 2 via a push rod 41, 42, 43. The push rods 41, 42, 43 are connected to the cross member 2 at connecting points 44, 45, 46, which are spaced apart from one another at equal intervals and which are also spaced apart from the ends of the cross member 2 connected to the side struts 4, 5. As a result, the cross member 2 is divided into segments S1 and S2. Two segments are assigned to each connection point. A segment S1 is adjacent to the connection point 45. A segment S1 adjoins the connection point 44, 46, which is arranged in the direction of the center of the cross member, whereas the segment S2 is adjacent in the direction of the end of the cross member 2. The connecting points 44, 45, 46 are arranged on the cross member 2 in such a way that the acceleration and braking forces introduced at the connecting points 44, 45, 46 result in the deformation of the segments S1, S2 being equal in terms of amount, as a result of which the cross member 2, which positions the Healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and in particular their ears 26 determines a minimal deformation.

The heald frame 1 described so far works as follows:

In operation, rod 32 reciprocates. Accordingly, the push rods 41, 42, 43 move synchronously up and down, as a result of which the heald frame 1 swings vertically as a whole. Specifically, the movement consists of a jerky upward and downward movement, with short periods of rest between the upward and downward movements. To carry out such a movement, the push rods 41, 42, 43 accelerate the cross member 2 and all masses connected to it, move it and then brake it abruptly again. The required acceleration and braking forces are transmitted to the cross member 2 at the connection points 44, 45, 46. Under the effect of its own inertia and the inertial forces of the connected parts, which include the side struts 4, 5, the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 including the threads they carry and the cross strut 3, there is a deformation of the cross member 2. In order to illustrate this, reference is made to FIG. 7, in which the deformation is shown absolutely exaggerated. The driving forces acting on the connecting points 44, 45, 46 and their adjacent segments S1, S2 are symbolized by arrows. The center line of the cross member 2 is indicated by a line 47. As can be seen, the connecting points 44, 45, 46 are arranged in points which are distinguished by the fact that the relevant point of the cross member 2 does not point out of the original direction of the cross member 2. will bow. This is illustrated in FIG. 7 for the connection point 44 using the dash-dot line tangent 48, which despite the deformation of the cross member 2 is at right angles to the direction of movement and the direction of force application (arrow 49). In contrast, areas adjacent to the connection point 44 form an angle different from 90 ° with the direction of movement (arrow 49), as is illustrated in FIG. 7 by a tangent line 51 shown in broken lines.

The resulting total deformation is characterized by the distance A between wave crests and wave troughs of the deformed cross member 2. The connection points 44, 45, 46 are arranged in such a way that the segments S1, S2 deform the same amount, that all wave crests and wave troughs are of the same size and the distance A is minimized.

If necessary, more than three connection points 44, 45, 46 can be provided.

When the heald frame 1 moves up and down, the lower connecting means 11 takes the healds 6, 7,

8, 9, 10 up and down with. The axial coupling takes place for both directions of movement only on the connecting means 11, the connecting means 12 only serves to guide each heald 6, 7, 8 laterally,

9, 10. Deformations of the upper cross member 3 therefore do not affect the positioning of the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. The cross member 3 can therefore be carried out relatively easily - its rigidity is of secondary importance. During the upward movement of the heald frame 1, the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 become open Thrust claimed. The relatively low clearance Ll + L2 enables quiet operation. The stiffness of the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 is more than sufficient, in particular in the case of a very fast mode of operation for power transmission during shedding. The bending stiffness of the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, which enables pushing force transmission, is supported by the profiling according to FIG. 4 or FIG. 5. A force transmission between the cross members 2, 3 via the healds 6, 7, 8 , 9, 10 does not take place on the upper cross member 3 because of the free mobility thereof.

A modified embodiment of the heald frame 1 is illustrated in FIG. In this, the bar 19 is fixed. The side struts 4, 5 are missing. The lower cross member 2 coincides with the cross member 2 according to Figures 1 and 2. The bar 19 forms a guide for the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, in which the upper sections 29 of the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 can slide with the entire stroke of the cross member 2. The required guides 52, 53 of the cross member 2 are only indicated schematically.

In this embodiment, the masses of the heald frame 1 are reduced to a minimum. Since the upper cross member 3 is not connected to the lower cross member 2, and by eliminating the side struts 4, 5, in particular the inertial forces acting on the outer ends of the cross member 2 are minimized. The connection points 44, 45, 46 can therefore be arranged at smaller distances from one another, as a result of which the overall deformation of the cross member 2 is again significantly reduced. In this embodiment, a certain amount of friction occurs between the sections 29 of the healds 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and the guide device formed by the bar 19. Sufficient play enables undisturbed operation. In addition, it is preferred to make the height of the bar 19 measured in the direction of movement at least about half as large as the stroke of the cross member 2. Instead of a single bar 19, two bars arranged at a distance from one another and whose openings are flush with one another can also be provided here. each opening enclosing the respective strand 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 over its entire circumference. The two openings of the two strips, which are arranged at an axial distance from one another and comprise the same strands, then together form a guide for the assigned strands. In this embodiment, the friction remains relatively low.

A weaving shank 1 is provided for weaving machines with high working speed and receives its drive movement at at least two connecting points 44, 46 spaced from the ends of the lower cross member 2. The connection points 44, 46 and possibly further connection points 45 are arranged in such a way that the deformation of the segments between the connection points and at the ends of the crossbeam are approximately the same, ie are approximately the same size. The bending of the cross member 2 under dynamic load is thus minimal overall, so that particularly high working speeds are made possible without having to excessively increase the rigidity of the relevant cross member or the entire heald frame 1 as a whole. Reference symbol list:

1 heald frame

2, 3 cross beams

4, 5 side struts

6, 7, 8, 9, 10 healds

11, 12 connecting means

14 stranded support rail

15 extension

16 head piece

17 end loop

18 extension

19 bar

21, 22, 23, 24 passes

25 end

26 eye

27 edge

28, 29 sections

31 drive device

32 rod

33, 34, 35 angle lever

36, 37, 38 pivot bearings

41, 42, 43 push rods

44, 45, 46 connection points

47 line

48 tangent

49 arrow

51 tangent

52, 53 guided tours

A distance

Ll, L2 game

H Height of the bar 19

Sl, S2 segments

Claims

Claims:

1. heald frame (1), especially for technical training,

with a cross member (2) which is provided with a connecting means (11) for connecting strands (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) and which is movably held to and fro in a predetermined transverse direction, and

with a drive device (31) which has at least two actuating elements (41, 43) which is connected to the crossmember (2) at two spaced-apart connection points (44, 46} which are also spaced from the end of the crossmember (2) ,

2. Heald frame (1), especially for technical training,

with a drive device (31) which has at least three actuating elements (41, 42, 43) which are connected to the crossmember (2) at spaced-apart connection points (44, 45, 46) and are driven by the same drive device and at least of which one (42) at a distance from both ends of the cross member (2) is connected to the cross member (2) at the connection point (45).

3. Heald frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connection points (44, 45, 46) are arranged such that the segments S1, S2 adjacent to the connection points deform in the same way. ,

4. Heald frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connection points (44, 46) are just so far from the ends of the cross member that the dynamic sag of the cross member on both sides of each ^' connection point (44, 46) of the same size is.

5. Heald frame according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuating elements (41, 42, 43) are arranged at equal distances from one another.

6. Heald frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross member (2) is connected at both ends to a side strut (4, 5).

7. Heald frame according to claim 7, characterized in that the side struts (4, 5) are connected to a second cross member (3) which is held at a distance parallel to the first cross member (2).

8. Heald frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heddle play, which the connecting means (11) for the heddles (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) allows, is less than 0.5 mm.

9. Heald frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heddle play which the connecting medium (11) for the strands (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) is less than 0.1 mm.

10. Heald frame according to claim 6, characterized in that the second cross member (3) is a connecting means

(12).

11. Heald frame according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting means (12) of the second cross member (3) defines a heddle clearance which is substantially greater than the heddle clearance of the other connecting means (12).

12. Heald frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the strand play, which defines the connecting means (12), which lies opposite the cross member (2) connected to the actuating elements (41, 42, 43), is greater than the strand play of the connecting means (11) with the cross member connected to the actuators (41, 42, 43)

(2) is connected.

13. Heald frame according to claim 8, characterized in that the connecting means (12) of the second cross member (3) for each strand (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) has a passage (21, 22, 23, 24), the Cross section corresponds to the cross section of the strand (6, 7, 8, 9, 10), so that the end of the strand (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) can be axially displaced in the passage (21, 22, 23 with little play) , 24) is held.

14. Heald frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the strands (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) are kink-resistant.

15. Heald frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heddle (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) has a bending edge (27) extending in its longitudinal direction.

16. Heald frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heddle (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) has a curvature about a bending line extending parallel to its longitudinal direction.

17. Heald frame according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting means (12) of the second cross member (3) is detachably connected to the latter.