EP1567749B1 - Arbre de turbine et realisation d'un arbre de turbine - Google Patents

Arbre de turbine et realisation d'un arbre de turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1567749B1
EP1567749B1 EP03788831A EP03788831A EP1567749B1 EP 1567749 B1 EP1567749 B1 EP 1567749B1 EP 03788831 A EP03788831 A EP 03788831A EP 03788831 A EP03788831 A EP 03788831A EP 1567749 B1 EP1567749 B1 EP 1567749B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
turbine shaft
weld
turbine
pressure part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03788831A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1567749A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Janssen
Torsten-Ulf Kern
Heinz KLÖCKNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1567749A1 publication Critical patent/EP1567749A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1567749B1 publication Critical patent/EP1567749B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/026—Shaft to shaft connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
    • F01D5/063—Welded rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0466—Nickel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/13—Refractory metals, i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
    • F05D2300/131—Molybdenum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/13—Refractory metals, i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
    • F05D2300/132—Chromium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/4932—Turbomachine making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turbine shaft aligned in an axial direction for a steam turbine having a first flow region and a second flow region adjoining the first flow region in the axial direction, wherein the turbine shaft has a first material in the first flow region and has a second material in the second flow region.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a turbine shaft comprising two materials oriented in an axial direction.
  • Turbine shafts are usually used in turbomachinery.
  • a steam turbine can be considered.
  • To increase the efficiency of steam turbines are designed as so-called combined steam turbines.
  • Such steam turbines have an inflow region and two or more flow regions formed with blades and vanes.
  • a flow medium flows via the inflow region to a first flow region and then to another flow region.
  • steam can be considered here.
  • steam is conducted at temperatures of over 400 ° C in the inflow region and passes from there to the first flow region.
  • various components in particular the turbine shaft, are thermally stressed in the first flow region.
  • the steam flows to the second flow area.
  • the vapor typically has lower temperatures and lower pressures.
  • the turbine shaft should have cold-tough properties.
  • One solution is to combine the heat-resistant property and the cold-resistant property of the turbine shaft.
  • a so-called monobloc wave is used, which combines the two necessary properties with certain limitations.
  • here compromises are made, which can lead to restrictions for the design and operation of the steam turbine.
  • the method for producing such turbine shafts is complicated and complicated.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a turbine shaft having cold-tough and heat-resistant properties. Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing the turbine shaft.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that it is possible to dispense with an additional buffer welding and an additional intermediate annealing by a targeted selection of materials and adapted heat treatment.
  • one advantage is the fact that a turbine shaft can be produced faster and thus more cost-effectively.
  • live steam flows in a first section along a turbine shaft, relaxes there and simultaneously cools down. Therefore, in this first part of the section, heat resistant properties are required put the material of the turbine shaft.
  • the temperature of the live steam can be up to 565 ° C.
  • the cooled and relaxed live steam flows into a second section, in which cold-tough properties of the turbine shaft are necessary.
  • the turbine shaft 1 shown in FIG. 1 is known as a monoblock shaft and has the material 23 CrMoNiWV 8-8 and is aligned in an axial direction 19. This turbine shaft 1 belongs to the prior art.
  • This turbine shaft 1 is usually used for combined. Steam turbines with an outflow area between 10 to 12.5 m 2 used in a reverse flow design at 50 Hz. In the reverse flow type, a flow direction after flowing through the middle pressure part 13 rotates in a substantially opposite direction and then flows through the low pressure part 14.
  • the material 23 CrMoNiWV 8-8 comprises 0.20 - 0.24 wt .-% C, ⁇ 0.20 wt% Si, 0.60-0.80 wt% Mn, ⁇ 0.010 wt% P, ⁇ 0.007 wt% S, 2.05-2.20 wt% Cr, 0.80-0.90 wt% Mo, 0.70-0.80 wt% Ni, 0.25-0.35 wt% V and 0.60-0.70 wt.
  • the necessary properties with regard to heat resistance and cold toughness have hitherto been combined with certain restrictions by the use of the turbine shaft 1 described in FIG.
  • This turbine shaft 1 abuts with the specified material 23 CrMoNiWV 8-8 at a strength and toughness limit in the low-pressure part 14 with large diameters, if requirements for the static strength of more than R p 0.2> 650 MPa are set for an edge region 18.
  • the turbine shaft 7 shown in Figure 2 belongs to the prior art and has a medium-pressure part 13, which is exposed to high temperatures.
  • the turbine shaft 7 also has a low-pressure part 14, which is thermally less loaded than the medium-pressure part 13 and is aligned in an axial direction.
  • the medium-pressure 13 and low-pressure part 14 consist of different materials.
  • the medium-pressure part 13 consists of 1% CrMoV (30 CrMoNiV 5-11) and the low-pressure part consists of the material 3.5 NiCrMoV (26 NiCrMoV 14-5).
  • the material 30 CrMoNiV 5-11 comprises 0.27-0.34 wt% C, ⁇ 0.15 wt% Si, 0.30-0.80 wt% Mn, ⁇ 0.010 wt% P, ⁇ 0.007 wt% S, 1.10-1.40 wt% Cr, 1.0-1.20 wt% Mo, 0.50-0.75 wt% Ni, and 0 , 25 - 0.35 wt .-% V.
  • the first material of a heat-resistant material and the second material of a cold-tough material are examples of the first material of a heat-resistant material.
  • the medium-pressure part 13 must have heat-resistant properties and the low-pressure part 14 must have cold-strength properties.
  • the turbine shaft 7 has a buffer weld 9, which is applied to the middle pressure part 13 first and is annealed at a temperature T1. Subsequently, the medium-pressure part 13 and the low-pressure part 14 are connected to one another by a weld. After this welding process is annealed at a temperature T2.
  • the reason for the different temperatures T1 and T2 is the different chemical composition and microstructural formation of the materials and the resulting different tempering stability: T1> T2. High hardnesses in the heat-affected zones and residual stresses must be avoided by using the highest possible tempering temperatures, without adversely affecting the strength of the already manufactured and tested individual waves.
  • FIG. 3 shows a turbine shaft 2 according to the invention in the reverse flow type.
  • the turbine shaft 2 has a middle pressure section 5 designed as a first flow area 5 and a low pressure section 6 designed as a second flow area.
  • the low-pressure section 6 is connected to the intermediate-pressure section 5 by means of a structural weld 4. The welding of the medium-pressure part 5 and the low-pressure part 6, which have two different materials, takes place without additional Puffersch spauhg and therefore without an additional intermediate annealing for it.
  • the medium-pressure part 5 comprises the material 2 CrMoNiWV (23 CrMoNiWV 8-8) up to the penultimate low-pressure stage and the low-pressure part with the last low pressure stage consists of the material 3.5 NiCrMoV (26 NiCrMoV 14-5).
  • the material 23 CrMoNiWVV 8-8 comprises 0.20-0.24 wt% C, ⁇ 0.20 wt% Si, 0.60-0.80 wt% Mn, ⁇ 0.010 wt% P, ⁇ 0.007 wt% S, 2.05-2.20 wt% Cr, 0.80-0.90 wt% Mo, 0.70-0.80 wt% Ni, 0 , 25 - 0.35 wt .-% V and 0.60 - 0.70 wt .-% W and the material 26 NiCrMoV 14-5 comprises 0.22 - 0.32 wt .-% C, ⁇ 0.15 Wt% Si, 0.15-0.40 wt% Mn, ⁇ 0.0 wt% P, ⁇ 0.007 wt% S, 1.20-1.80 wt% Cr, 0, 25-0.45 wt% Mo, 3.40-4.00 wt% Ni, 0.05-0.15 wt% V.
  • the weld is carried out as a structural weld, with weld filler added during construction welding.
  • the welding filler should z. B. 2% nickel.
  • the welded shaft should be tempered between 2 and 20 hours at a temperature between 600 ° C and 640 ° C.
  • the advantage of the 3.5 NiCrMoV material lies in the fact that it has a static strength of up to R p 0.2> 760 MPa without toughness problems.
  • the Vickers hardness is HV ⁇ 360. This results in a welded shaft, which has the necessary heat resistance in the front part, but in the rear part can withstand the high strength and toughness requirement due to the large blade centrifugal forces.
  • the connection only needs to be welded once and annealed once.
  • the turbine shaft 8 shown in Figure 4 shows an aligned in the axial direction 19 turbine shaft 8 for use in the straight-flow design.
  • the turbine shaft 8 has a middle pressure part 13 designed as a first flow region (13) and a low pressure part 14 designed as a second flow region (14).
  • the medium-pressure part 13 and the low-pressure part 14 are connected via a construction weld 15.
  • the advantage of this embodiment for the straight-flow design over the embodiment shown in Figure 2 is in particular that by replacing the more tempered 1 CrMoV steel by the 2 CrMoNiWV steel with comparable hot strengths, but lower tempering stability by the chosen tempering parameters Hardening in the heat affected zones of the 2 CrMoNiWV and 3.5 NiCrMoV and the residual stresses can be reduced to the required levels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Arbre (2, 8) de turbine dirigé dans une direction (19) axiale,
    comprenant une première partie (5, 13) d'écoulement, et
    une deuxième partie (6, 14) d'écoulement voisine dans la direction (19) axiale de la première partie (5, 13) d'écoulement,
    l'arbre (2, 8) de turbine ayant un premier matériau dans la première partie (5, 13) d'écoulement, et
    un deuxième matériau dans la deuxième partie (6, 14) d'écoulement, dans lequel
    le premier matériau comprend un acier résistant à chaud, et
    le deuxième matériau comprend un acier tenace à froid, et
    dans lequel le deuxième matériau comprend un acier 3,5 NiCrMoV,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le premier matériau comprend un acier 2 CrMoNiWV.
  2. Arbre (2, 8) de turbine suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le premier matériau comprend
    de 0,20 à 0,24 % de C, ≤ 0,20 % de Si, de 0,60 à 0,80 % de Mn, ≤ 0,010 % de P, ≤ 0,007 % de S, de 2,05 à 2,20 % de Cr, de 0,80 à 0,90 % de Mo, de 0,70 à 0,80 % de Ni, de 0,25 à 0,35 % de V et de 0,60 à 0,70 % de W,
    et dans lequel le deuxième matériau comprend
    de 0,22 à 0,32 % de C, ≤ 0,15 % de Si, de 0,15 à 0,40 % de Mn, ≤ 0,010 % de P, ≤ 0,007 % de S, de 1,20 à 1,80 % de Cr, de 0,25 à 0,45 % de Mo, de 3,40 à 4,00 % de Ni, de 0,05 à 0,15 % de V.
  3. Arbre (2, 8) de turbine suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 2,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un cordon (4) de soudure de construction est disposé entre le premier matériau et le deuxième matériau.
  4. Arbre (2, 8) de turbine suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le cordon de soudure de construction comprend un additif de soudure.
  5. Arbre (2, 8) de turbine suivant la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que l'additif de soudure a 2 % en poids de nickel.
  6. Procédé de fabrication d'un arbre (2, 8) de turbine comprenant deux matériaux et dirigé dans une direction (19) axiale, dans lequel
    on relie directement l'un à l'autre le premier et le deuxième matériau au moyen d'une soudure (4) de construction et dans lequel on utilise pour le deuxième matériau un acier 3,5 NiCrMoV,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on utilise pour le premier matériau un acier 2 CrMoNiWV.
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on utilise pour le premier matériau
    de 0,20 à 0,24 % de C, ≤ 0,20 % de Si, de 0,60 à 0,80 % de Mn, ≤ 0,010 % de P, ≤ 0,007 % de S, de 2,05 à 2,20 % de Cr, de 0,80 à 0,90 % de Mo, de 0,70 à 0,80 % de Ni, de 0,25 à 0,35 % de V et de 0,60 à 0,70 % de W,
    et dans lequel on utilise pour le deuxième matériau
    de 0,22 à 0,32 % de C, ≤ 0,15 % de Si, de 0,15 à 0,40 % de Mn, ≤ 0,010 % de P, ≤ 0,007 % de S, de 1,20 à 1,80 % de Cr, de 0,25 à 0,45 % de Mo, de 3,40 à 4,00 % de Ni, de 0,05 à 0,15 % de V.
  8. Procédé suivant la revendication 6 ou 7,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on ajoute un additif de soudure à la soudure de construction.
  9. Procédé suivant la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme additif de soudure un matériau qui a 2 % en poids de nickel.
  10. Utilisation de l'arbre (4) de turbine suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 9 dans une turbine à vapeur.
EP03788831A 2002-12-05 2003-12-02 Arbre de turbine et realisation d'un arbre de turbine Expired - Lifetime EP1567749B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10257091 2002-12-05
DE10257091 2002-12-05
PCT/DE2003/003959 WO2004051056A1 (fr) 2002-12-05 2003-12-02 Arbre de turbine et realisation d'un arbre de turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1567749A1 EP1567749A1 (fr) 2005-08-31
EP1567749B1 true EP1567749B1 (fr) 2007-04-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03788831A Expired - Lifetime EP1567749B1 (fr) 2002-12-05 2003-12-02 Arbre de turbine et realisation d'un arbre de turbine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7331757B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1567749B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100335747C (fr)
AU (1) AU2003292993A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50307042D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2283856T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004051056A1 (fr)

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EP1624155A1 (fr) * 2004-08-02 2006-02-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine à vapeur et procédé d'opération d'une turbine à vapeur
EP1624156B1 (fr) * 2004-08-04 2015-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine à gaz ou à vapeur avec composant résistant aux contraintes
DE502005006834D1 (de) * 2005-11-09 2009-04-23 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Dampfturbinenwelle
DE112006003408A5 (de) * 2005-12-22 2008-10-30 Alstom Technology Ltd. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines geschweissten Rotors einer Niederdruck-Dampfturbine
US20070189894A1 (en) * 2006-02-15 2007-08-16 Thamboo Samuel V Methods and apparatus for turbine engine rotors
EP1860279A1 (fr) 2006-05-26 2007-11-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arbre soudé de turbine basse pression
EP2025866A1 (fr) * 2007-08-08 2009-02-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'un composant de turbine et composant de turbine associée.
FR2936178B1 (fr) * 2008-09-24 2012-08-17 Snecma Assemblage de pieces en titane et en acier par soudage diffusion
DE102008053222A1 (de) * 2008-10-25 2010-04-29 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Turbolader
EP3072624A1 (fr) 2015-03-23 2016-09-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Élément d'arbre, procédé de production d'un élément d'arbre compose de deux matières différentes et turbomachine correspondante
CN110629126B (zh) * 2019-10-23 2021-07-13 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 可用于566℃等级中小汽轮机高低压联合转子的材料
US11808214B2 (en) 2021-05-24 2023-11-07 General Electric Company Midshaft rating for turbomachine engines
US11603801B2 (en) 2021-05-24 2023-03-14 General Electric Company Midshaft rating for turbomachine engines
US11724813B2 (en) 2021-05-24 2023-08-15 General Electric Company Midshaft rating for turbomachine engines

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004051056A1 (fr) 2004-06-17
ES2283856T3 (es) 2007-11-01
EP1567749A1 (fr) 2005-08-31
US7331757B2 (en) 2008-02-19
CN1720387A (zh) 2006-01-11
DE50307042D1 (de) 2007-05-24
US20060153686A1 (en) 2006-07-13
CN100335747C (zh) 2007-09-05
AU2003292993A1 (en) 2004-06-23

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