EP1567464B1 - Hydrogenation catalytique de doubles liaisons carbone-heteroatome - Google Patents

Hydrogenation catalytique de doubles liaisons carbone-heteroatome Download PDF

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EP1567464B1
EP1567464B1 EP03796062A EP03796062A EP1567464B1 EP 1567464 B1 EP1567464 B1 EP 1567464B1 EP 03796062 A EP03796062 A EP 03796062A EP 03796062 A EP03796062 A EP 03796062A EP 1567464 B1 EP1567464 B1 EP 1567464B1
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alkyl
formula
aryl
optionally substituted
process according
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EP1567464A1 (fr
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Frédéric Maurice NAUD
Ulrich Pittelkow
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Solvias AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B41/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen
    • C07B41/02—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen of hydroxy or O-metal groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B43/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing nitrogen
    • C07B43/04—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing nitrogen of amino groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B53/00—Asymmetric syntheses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
    • C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
    • C07D333/14—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen
    • C07D333/16—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen by oxygen atoms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to processes for catalytically hydrogenating carbon-heteroatoms double bonds, in particular for asymmetrically catalytically hydrogenating simple ketones, using ruthenium complexes which each have a monophosphine ligand and a bidentate P-N ligand.
  • the catalytic precursors obtained are 6-coordinate (Cl) 2 Ru(phosphine) 2 (N ⁇ N) and (Cl) 2 Ru(P ⁇ P)(N ⁇ N) complexes.
  • the efficient action of these complexes is attributed to the properties of the amine ligand which, during the catalysis process, functions on the one hand as a hydrogen atom donor for the reduction of the substrate and on the other hand as a hydrogen atom acceptor for the activation of the molecular hydrogen (R. Noyori and T. Ohkuma in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 40ff and R. H. Morris, Organometallics 2000, 19.2655).
  • WO 02/22526 A2 The second, later example of a further class of catalysts which enable the hydrogenation of simple ketones is described in WO 02/22526 A2. This describes the preparation of 6-coordinate ruthenium complexes having two bidentate ligands but no amine ligands.
  • the two bidentate ligands are either an N ⁇ P ligand in combination with a P ⁇ P ligand, or alternatively two N ⁇ P ligands.
  • catalyst precursors for the catalytic hydrogenation of simple ketones with hydrogen are also 5-coordinate ruthenium complexes whose ligands are one monophosphine and one bidentate P ⁇ N ligand.
  • the present invention therefore provides a process for hydrogenating a substrate containing a carbon-heteroatom double bond, which includes the step of reacting the substrate with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst and of a base, characterized in that the hydrogenation catalyst is a transition metal complex of the formula (I) [X Y Ru (P R 1 R 2 R 3 ) (P-Z-N)] (I) where
  • the aforementioned process is suitable for highly selectively hydrogenating ketones to prepare the corresponding optically pure alcohols.
  • Suitable substrates are ketones of the general formula (S):
  • R a and R b are prochiral ketones and the hydrogenation catalyzed by the complexes according to the invention to the corresponding alcohols is enantioselective.
  • the enantiomeric excess is more than 80% (ee), preferably more than 90%, in particular more than 95%.
  • R a and R b radicals there are in principle no restrictions.
  • the radicals are each independently a hydrogen atom, straight-chain or branched alkyl, monocyclic or polycyclic aryl, (hetero)aryl or (hetero)aralkyl groups, and all groups may in turn have further groups such as alkyl, (hetero)aryl or (hetero)aralkyl groups.
  • the carbonyl function to be reduced may also be incorporated into a mono- or polycyclic ring structure.
  • the R a and R b radicals may each independently have functional groups.
  • R a and R b radicals and in the formula (S) are Hal, OR x , NR 2 x or R x , where R x is H, or a linear, branched or cyclic C 1-10 alkyl or C 2-10 alkenyl group.
  • Preferred substrates are prochiral ketones of the formula (S), where R a and R b are each independently a hydrogen atom, a cyclic, linear or branched C 1-8 alkyl or C 2-8 alkenyl group, or an monocyclic or polycyclic aryl or heteroaryl group, optionally substituted by linear or branched C 1-8 alkyl-, C 1-8 alkoxy groups or halogen atoms.
  • substrates of the formula (S) include in particular monocyclic or polycyclic aryl ketones or heteroaryl ketones, optionally substituted by linear or branched C 1-8 alkyl-, C 1-8 alkoxy groups or halogen atoms.
  • R a and R b are prochiral imines and the hydrogenation catalysed by the complexes according to the invention to the corresponding amines is enantioselective.
  • the enantiomeric excess is more than 80% (ee), preferably more than 90%, in particular more than 95%.
  • R a and R b radicals there are in principle no restrictions.
  • the possible R a and R b radicals correspond to those specified under the formula (S).
  • R in the formula (O) may be, for example, an H, OR, SR, P(O)R 2 radical where R may in each case be a linear or branched C 1-8 alkyl or alkenyl group, optionally substituted, or an aromatic ring, optionally substituted.
  • Possible substituents of the NR radical are Hal, OR x , NR 2 x or R x where R x is H, or a linear, branched or cyclic C 1-10 alkyl or alkenyl group.
  • the process according to the invention for hydrogenating a substrate containing a carbon-heteroatom double bond is characterized in that the hydrogenation catalyst is a transition metal complex of the general formula (I): [X Y Ru (P R 1 R 2 R 3 ) (P-Z-N)] (I).
  • X and Y are preferably each independently a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, preferably a chlorine atom. Particular preference is given to X and Y each being a chlorine atom.
  • Monophosphines P R 1 R 2 R 3 used with preference in the complexes of the formula (I) according to the invention are those in which the R 1 , R 2 , R 3 radicals are each independently a C 1-4 alkyl group, C 5-6 cycloalkyl group, or a phenyl group, optionally substituted by 1,2 or 3 radicals which are each independently selected from C 1-4 alkyl groups and C 1-4 alkoxy groups.
  • Suitable monophosphines are triphenylphosphine, tri-C 1-4 alkylphosphine, tritolylphosphine or trimesitylphosphine.
  • the P-Z-N moiety in the complexes of the formula (I) according to the invention is a bidentate ligand which contains one nitrogen atom and is of the formula (II):
  • R 4 , R 5 are each independently preferably C 1-4 alkyl, preferably each independently methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl.
  • R 4 , R 5 are each independently more preferably C 6-18 aryl, C 3-18 heteroaryl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, (C 1-8 Alkyl) 1-3 -(Hetero)Aryl, optionally substituted, whereby possible substituents are halogen, organohalogen group, O(C 1-8 )alkyl, N(C 1-8 alkyl) 2 ; or R 4 and R 5 together are a saturated or aromatic ring composed of 5 to 10 atoms including the phosphorus atom.
  • R 4 and R 5 together are preferable n-butylene, n-pentylene or 2,2'-biphenylene.
  • C a , C b together form part of an aromatic, optionally substituted (hetero)aryl having 6 or more than 6 ⁇ -electrons.
  • the basic aromatic structures may be fused benzene in the form of polycyclic aromatics such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene or heteroaromatics such as quinoline or isoquinoline, or a cyclopentadienide ion as a ligand of a metallocene. It is preferably a pure 6 ⁇ -electron system in the form of in each case optionally substituted benzene, or a 6 ⁇ - or 10 ⁇ -electron heteroaromatic system.
  • R 6 and R 7 are preferably each independently a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C 1-4 alkyl group, optionally substituted, or an aromatic ring, optionally substituted, or R 6 and R 7 together with particular preference form an unsaturated heterocycle composed of 5 to 10, optionally substituted ring atoms, including the carbon and the nitrogen atom to which R 6 and R 7 are bonded, and optionally including further heteroatoms.
  • Preferred ligands of the formula (II) are firstly ligands of the general formula (IIIa), where
  • Preferred ligands of the formula (II) are also ligands of the formula (IIIb) where
  • C a , C b in the formula (II) together form part of an aromatic, optionally substituted (hetero)aryl having 6 or more than 6 ⁇ -electrons, which is preferably a pure 6 ⁇ -electron system in the form of in each case optionally substituted benzene, or is a 6 ⁇ - or 10 ⁇ -electron heteroaromatic system.
  • Preferred ligands of the formula (II) are therefore also ligands of the general formulae (IV) and (V): where
  • Preferred ligands of the formula (II) are also ligands of the general formula (V) where
  • Particularly preferred ligands of the general formula (IIIb) correspond to the following ligands A to G:
  • a particularly preferred ligand of the general formula (IV) corresponds to the formula J:
  • Linear or branched C 1-8 alkyls are to be regarded as being methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl or octyl, including all of their structural isomers.
  • C 2-8 Alkoxyalkyls mean radicals in which the alkyl chain is interrupted by at least one oxygen function, although two oxygen atoms may not be joined together.
  • the number of carbon atoms indicates the total number of carbon atoms present in the radical. All structural isomers are included.
  • Cycloalkyl radical refers to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl radicals, etc. Cycloalkyl radicals substituted by heteroatoms are preferably, for example, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-piperidyl, 1-, 2-, 3-pyrrolidinyl, 2-, 3-tetrahydrofuryl, 2-, 3-, 4-morpholinyl.
  • a C 3-8 cycloalkyl-C 1-8 alkyl radical denotes a cycloalkyl radical as illustrated above which is linked to the molecule via an alkyl radical as specified above.
  • a C 6-18 aryl radical refers to an aromatic radical having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. These include in particular compounds such as phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, biphenyl radicals.
  • a C 7-19 aralkyl radical is a C 6-18 aryl radical linked to the molecule via a C 1-8 alkyl radical.
  • a C 3-18 heteroaryl radical denotes a five-, six- or seven-membered aromatic ring system composed of 3 to 18 carbon atoms which has heteroatoms in the ring, for example nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur.
  • heteroaromatics are regarded as being in particular radicals such as 1-, 2-, 3-furyl, 1-, 2-, 3-pyrrolyl, 1-, 2-, 3-thienyl, 2-, 3-, 4-pyridyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-indolyl, 3-, 4-, 5-pyrazolyl, 2-,4-, 5-imidazolyl, acridinyl, quinolinyl, phenanthridinyl, 2-, 4-, 5-, 6-pyrimidinyl.
  • a C 4-19 heteroaralkyl refers to a heteroaromatic system as defined above corresponding to the C 7-19 aralkyl radical.
  • Hal is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, preferably chlorine.
  • Organohalogen compounds is the collective term used for compounds containing, in addition to carbon, elements of the halogen group, including fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. An example is the CF 3 group.
  • the specific bidentate P-Z-N ligands of the general formula (II) and their preparation are known in principle from the literature. Some references are cited in the experimental section.
  • the transition metal complexes of the general formula (I) may if desired be prepared "in situ" in the reaction mixture which contains the substrate to be hydrogenated, or may initially be isolated before a hydrogenation. The preparative process of the complexes is in principle the same.
  • the P-Z-N ligand is in principle introduced stoichiometrically.
  • the transition metal complexes of the general formula (I) may advantageously be used to hydrogenate simple ketones in particular. Indeed even simple ketones which do not contain a coordinating heteroatom nearby the carbonyl group can be hydrogenated with high activity and enantioselectivity. In the light of the high activity of the catalyst, reduction of non prochiral ketone to make achiral alcohol can be also of practical interest for cost efficient synthesis of secondary alcohol.
  • the hydrogenation is typically effected in compositions comprising a complex of the formula (I), the substrate, a base and optionally a solvent. Hydrogen is then injected to this composition under the desired pressure and at the desired temperature.
  • the hydrogenation conditions to be selected follow in principle from the customary conditions and essential process parameters such as pressure, temperature, concentration of substrate and catalyst, solvent, bases, which are known from the prior art.
  • the process conditions outlined below have only exemplary character:
  • the concentration range of the complexes based on the substrate may vary widely. In general, based on the substrate, between 0.1 and 50 000 ppm are used. This corresponds to a substrate/complex ratio (S/C) of 10 7 to 20.
  • the bases used may be any inorganic or organic bases customarily used in hydrogenation. Mention is made only of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkoxides and carbonates, and quaternary ammonium salts. Preference is given to using KOH, KOMe, KOiPr, KOtBu, LiOH, LiOMe, LiOiPr, NaOH, NaOMe or NaOiPr.
  • the bases may be used in solid form or dissolved in alcohol or preferably in water, for example KOtBu/tBuOH (1 molar) or NaOH/H 2 O (1 molar).
  • the bases used may be used within a large concentration range.
  • the ratio may be about 0.5 to 50 000, preferably 2 to 10 000.
  • Suitable solvents are, for example, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (pentane, hexane, petroleum ether, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene), aliphatic halohydrocarbons (methylene chloride, chloroform, di- and tetrachloroethane), nitriles (acetonitrile, propionitrile, benzonitrile), ethers (diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, t-butyl methyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane), ketones (acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone), carboxylic esters and lactones (e
  • the hydrogenation process according to the invention may be carried out at typical pressures of 10 x 10 3 to 10 x 10 5 Pa (1 to 100 bar).
  • the hydrogenation reactions are typically carried out at standard room temperature, i.e. between about 20°C and 35°C. However, depending mainly on the solvents used, or more specifically the solubility behaviour of the reactants used, the selected temperature may also be between about 0°C and 100°C.
  • the substrates used were:
  • the ligands A to D were prepared in accordance with reference (4).
  • the ligands E to G were prepared in accordance with the experimental section which follows.
  • the ligands H, I and K were prepared in accordance with reference (2).
  • the ligand J is commercially available from Strem.
  • the catalyst [RuCl 2 (PPh 3 ) (A)] is prepared in accordance with references (1) and (3).
  • ferrocene-oxazoline precursor 2.0 g, 6.8 mmol
  • TMEDA 1.2 ml, 8.2 mmol
  • 70 ml of diethyl ether The solution is cooled to -70°C and it becomes yellow and cloudy.
  • a syringe is used to slowly (over about 10 min) add n-BuLi (1.6 M hexane, 5.5 ml, 8.8 mmol), while keeping the temperature of the reaction mixture below -65°C.
  • ferrocene-oxazoline precursor (2.97 g, 10 mmol), prepared in accordance with the abovementioned reference (3), TMEDA (1.8 ml, 12.0 mmol) and 60 ml of diethyl ether.
  • the solution is cooled to -70°C and it becomes yellow and cloudy.
  • a syringe is used to slowly (over about 10 min) add n-BuLi (1.6 M hexane, 8.6 ml, 13.6 mmol), while keeping the temperature of the reaction mixture below -65°C.
  • the particular catalyst solution is transferred to the inertized 50 ml mini-autoclave (inject argon and decompress 3 x), and the starting material (substrate) and the base are subsequently added. Afterwards, the autoclave is sealed and hydrogen is injected to the desired pressure. The reaction is started by switching on the magnetic stirrer. When the hydrogenation time has elapsed, the magnetic stirrer is switched off and the autoclave is ventilated. A sample for the GC analysis is taken to determine yield and conversion.
  • Experiments 1 and 2 are carried out under typical transfer hydrogenation conditions. To 10 ml of isopropanol are added: 0.005 mmol of [RuCl 2 (PPh 3 )(A)], 1 mmol of the substrate 1 and 0.025 mmol of i PrOK as a base. The reaction is carried out at room temperature under argon in experiment 1 and at a hydrogen pressure of 1.1 bar in experiment 2.
  • Experiments 60 to 62 A Schlenk flask is charged with 0.005 mmol of [RuCl 2 (PPh 3 )(A)], 50 mmol of substrate and 18 ml of toluene in experiment 60, or 250 mmol of substrate and 2 ml of toluene in experiment 61, and 1 ml of a 1 molar aqueous solution of NaOH.
  • the compositions are placed in 50 ml autoclave and subjected to a hydrogen pressure of 80 bar for one hour in experiment 60, and for 78 hours in experiment 61.
  • reaction 62 the same reaction conditions were used as for 60 except that the reaction was conducted as "neat", namely without addition of toluene.
  • Experiments 63 to 65 A Schlenk flask is charged with 0.005 mmol of [RuCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 3 ], 0.005 mmol of ligand and 9 ml of toluene and kept under reflux conditions for one hour. 100 mmol of the substrate and 1 ml of a 1 molar aqueous solution of NaOH are then added at room temperature to the catalyst prepared "in situ". The compositions are placed in a 50 ml autoclave and subjected to a hydrogen pressure of 20 bar for one or one and a half hours (see table).

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Claims (17)

  1. Procédé d'hydrogénation d'un substrat contenant une liaison double carbone-hétéroatome, qui comprend l'étape consistant à faire réagir le substrat avec de l'hydrogène en présence d'un catalyseur d'hydrogénation et d'une base, caractérisé en ce que le catalyseur d'hydrogénation est un complexe de métal de transition répondant à la formule (I)

            [XYRu (PR1R2R3) (P-Z-N)]     (I)

    dans laquelle
    X et Y représentent chacun indépendamment un atome d'hydrogène, un atome d'halogène, un groupe alcoxy en C1 à C8 ou acyloxy en C1 à C8, ou une molécule liée par coordination de solvant organique contenant au moins un hétéroatome ayant au moins une paire d'électrons libres, par exemple sous la forme de groupes (cyclo)alkyl/aryloxy, -thio ou amino, auquel cas la charge du complexe cationique résultant est équilibrée par un anion, par exemple CN-, OCN-, PF6- ou F3C-SO2O-,
    R1, R2 et R3 représentent chacun indépendamment un groupe alkyle, alkyloxy, alkylthio, dialkyamino, cycloalkyle, cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkylthio, dicycloalkylamino, aryle, aryloxy, arylthio ou diarylamino, éventuellement substitué par 1, 2 ou 3 radicaux qui sont chacun indépendamment choisis parmi des groupes alkyle en C1 à C4 et des groupes alcoxy en C1 à C4, ou un des radicaux R1, R2 et R3 est tel que défini ci-dessus et les 2 radicaux restants, liés par l'intermédiaire d'un pont d'oxygène ou directement à l'atome de phosphore, forment, conjointement avec l'atome de phosphore, un cycle de 4 à 8 chaînons éventuellement substitué,
    P-Z-N représente un ligand bidentate qui contient un atome d'azote hybridé sp2 et répond à la formule (II)
    Figure imgb0045
     dans laquelle
    R4 et R5 représentent chacun indépendamment un groupe alkyle en C1 à C8 ou alcényle en C2 à C8 linéaire, ramifié ou cyclique, éventuellement substitué ; un groupe aryle en C6 à C18, un groupe hétéroaryle en C3 à C18, un groupe cycloalkyle en C3 à C8, ou un groupe (alkyle en C1 à C8)1-3-(hétéro)aryle, éventuellement substitué, sur lequel les substituants possibles sont un atome d'halogène, un groupe organohalogène, un groupe O(alkyle en C1 à C8) ; un groupe N(alkyle en C1 à C8)2 ; ou R4 et R5 forment conjointement un cycle saturé ou aromatique composé de 5 à 10 atomes comprenant l'atome de phosphore,
    Ca et Cb représentent chacun une partie d'un groupe aromatique, d'un groupe (hétéro)aryle éventuellement substitué ayant au moins 6 électrons π,
    R6 représente un atome d'hydrogène, un groupe alkyle en C1 à C10 ou alcényle en C2 à C10 linéaire, ramifié ou cyclique, éventuellement substitué; un noyau aromatique, éventuellement substitué, un radical -OR6, ou -NR6'R6'', R6' et R6'' ayant la même définition que R6,
    R7 représente un atome d'hydrogène, un groupe alkyle en C1 à C10 ou alcényle en C2 à C10 linéaire, ramifié ou cyclique, ou un radical R7'CO ou R7, SO2, R7 représentant un groupe alkyle en C1 à C8 ou aryle,
    ou
    R6 et R7 forment conjointement un (hétéro) cycle insaturé composé de 5 à 10 atomes cycliques éventuellement substitués, comprenant l'atome de carbone et l'atome d'azote auxquels R6 et R7 sont liés, et comprenant éventuellement d'autres hétéroatomes.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que X et Y dans la formule (I) représentent chacun indépendamment un atome d'hydrogène ou un atome d'halogène.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que X et Y dans la formule (I) représentent chacun un atome d'halogène, en particulier de chlore.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que R1, R2 et R3 dans la formule (I) représentent chacun indépendamment un groupe méthyle, éthyle, propyle, i-propyle, n-butyle, i-butyle, sec-butyle, tert-butyle, cyclopentyle, cyclohexyle, phényle, o- ou p-tolyle, p-isopropylphényle ou mésityle.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que R4 et R5 dans la formule (I) représentent chacun indépendamment un radical choisi parmi un groupe méthyle, éthyle, n-propyle, i-propyle, n-butyle, i-butyle, cyclohexyle, phényle, o- ou p-tolyle, mésityle, α- ou β-naphtyle.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que Ca et Cb dans la formule (II) représentent une partie d'un système à 6 électrons π sous la forme d'un cycle de benzène éventuellement substitué ou sous la forme d'un ion cyclopentadiénure éventuellement substitué en tant que ligand d'un métallocène.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que R6 et R7 dans la formule (II) forment conjointement un hétérocycle insaturé composé de 5 à 10 atomes cycliques éventuellement substitués, comprenant l'atome de carbone et l'atome d'azote auxquels R6 et R7 sont liés, et comprenant éventuellement d'autres hétéroatomes.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le ligand répondant à la formule (II) est un ligand représenté par la formule générale (IIIb)
    Figure imgb0046
     dans laquelle
    n = 1 ou 2, de préférence 1,
    M = Fe, Ru, Os, de préférence Fe,
    X = O, S ou N, de préférence O,
    R4 et R5 représentent chacun des radicaux correspondant à la définition donnée pour la formule (II),
    R11 représente un radical alcoxyalkyle en C2 à C8, aralkyle en C7 à C19, hétéroaryle en C3 à C18, hétéroaralkyle en C4 à C19, (alkyle en C1 à C8)1-3-(hétéro)aryle en C6 à C18), (alkyle en C1 à C8)1-3-(cycloalkyle en C6 à C18), cycloalkyle en C3 à C8, (cycloalkyle en C3 à C8) (alkyle en C1 à C8), ou de préférence un radical alkyle en C1 à C8, aryle en C6 à C18, en particulier le radical i-propyle, et les radicaux mentionnés peuvent être substitués par un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes tels que Hal, Si, N, O, P, S, ou les radicaux peuvent avoir un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes tels que Si, N, O, P, S dans leur squelette carboné,
    R8, R9 et R10 représentent chacun indépendamment un radical alkyle en C1 à C8, alcoxyalkyle en C2 à C8, aryle en C6 à C18, aralkyle en C7 à C19, hétéroaryle en C3 à C18, hétéroaralkyle en C4 à C19, (alkyle en C1 à C8)1-3-((hétéro)aryle en C6 à C18), cycloalkyle en C3 à C8, (alkyle en C1 à C8)1-3-(cycloalkyle en C6 à C18), (cycloalkyle en C3 à C8) (alkyle en C1 à C8), ou de préférence H, et les radicaux mentionnés peuvent être substitués par un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes tels que Hal, Si, N, O, P, S, ou les radicaux peuvent avoir un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes tels que Si, N, O, P, S dans leur squelette carboné.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le ligand répondant à la formule (IIIb) est choisi parmi les ligands A à G :
    Figure imgb0047
    Figure imgb0048
    Figure imgb0049
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le ligand répondant à la formule (II) est un ligand représenté par la formule générale (IV)
    Figure imgb0050
     dans laquelle
    n = 1 ou 2, de préférence 1,
    X = O, S ou N, de préférence O,
    R4 et R5 représentent chacun des radicaux correspondant à la définition donnée pour la formule (II),
    R11 représente un radical alcoxyalkyle en C2 à C8, aralkyle en C7 à C19, hétéroaryle en C3 à C18, hétéroaralkyle en C4 à C19, (alkyle en C1 à C8)1-3-((hétéro)aryle en C6 à C18), (alkyle en C1 à C8)1-3-(cycloalkyle en C6 à C18), cycloalkyle en C3 à C8, (cycloalkyle en C3 à C8) (alkyle en C1 à C8), ou de préférence un radical alkyle en C1 à C8, aryle en C6 à C18, en particulier le radical i-propyle, et les radicaux mentionnés peuvent être substitués par un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes tels que Hal, Si, N, O, P, S, ou les radicaux peuvent avoir un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes tels que Si, N, O, P, S dans leur squelette carboné,
    R12 et R13 représentent chacun indépendamment un radical alkyle en C1 à C8, alcoxy en C1 à C4, ou de préférence H, ou forment conjointement un cycle condensé cycloalkyle ou aryle.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le ligand répondant à la formule (IV) correspond à la formule J :
    Figure imgb0051
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque dés revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le ligand répondant à la formule (II) est un ligand représenté par la formule générale (V)
    Figure imgb0052
     dans laquelle
    n, X, R4; R5 et R11 sont chacun tels que définis selon la revendication 10 pour la formule (IV), et R14 et R15 forment conjointement un système hétéroaromatique de 6 ou 10 électrons π, éventuellement substitué par des radicaux alkyle en C1 à C8 linéaires ou ramifiés, et les hétéroatomes possibles sont N, O ou S.
  13. Procédé selon 1a revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le ligand répondant à la formule (V) correspond à une des formules H, I et K :
    Figure imgb0053
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le substrat à hydrogéner est un imine ou une cétone prochirale.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le substrat à hydrogéner est une cétone prochirale répondant à la formule générale (S)
    Figure imgb0054
     dans laquelle Ra et Rb représentent chacun indépendamment un atome d'hydrogène, un groupe alkyle en C1 à C8 ou alcényle en C2 à C8 cyclique, linéaire ou ramifié, ou un groupe aryle ou hétéroaryle monocyclique
    ou polycyclique, éventuellement substitué par des groupes alkyle en C1 à C8, alcoxy en C1 à C8, linéaires ou ramifiés, ou des atomes d'halogène.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le substrat à hydrogéner est une arylcétone ou hétéroarylcétone monocyclique ou polycyclique prochirale, éventuellement substituée par des groupes alkyle en C1 à C8, alcoxy en C1 à C8, linéaires ou ramifiés, ou des atomes d'halogène.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que le substrat à hydrogéner est choisi parmi une des cétones 1 à 7 :
    Figure imgb0055
    Figure imgb0056
EP03796062A 2002-12-02 2003-11-27 Hydrogenation catalytique de doubles liaisons carbone-heteroatome Expired - Lifetime EP1567464B1 (fr)

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WO2005058894A1 (fr) 2003-12-19 2005-06-30 Altana Pharma Ag Intermediaires pour la preparation de derives de dihydropyrano-imidazopyridines tricycliques
PT3424932T (pt) 2005-02-16 2021-05-19 Anacor Pharmaceuticals Inc Boronoftalidas para utilização terapêutica
CN105949230A (zh) 2005-12-30 2016-09-21 安纳考尔医药公司 含硼的小分子
DK2719388T3 (da) 2006-02-16 2019-05-13 Anacor Pharmaceuticals Inc Borholdige små molekyler som antiinflammatoriske midler
CA2645107A1 (fr) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-20 Solvias Ag Hydrogenation catalytique asymetrique de cetones et d'aldehydes prochiraux
CA2718170A1 (fr) 2008-03-06 2009-09-11 Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Petites molecules contenant du bore utilisees en tant qu'agents anti-inflammatoires
US8461336B2 (en) * 2008-09-04 2013-06-11 Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Boron-containing small molecules
EP2348863A4 (fr) 2008-09-04 2012-03-07 Anacor Pharmaceuticals Inc Petites molécules contenant du bore
ES2628755T3 (es) 2009-03-17 2017-08-03 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Procesos para fabricar catalizadores de Ru (II)
AP4039A (en) 2009-08-14 2017-02-28 Daitao Chen Boron-containing small molecules as antiprotozoal agents
WO2011049971A1 (fr) 2009-10-20 2011-04-28 Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Petites molécules contenant du bore comme agents antiprotozoaires
WO2011060199A1 (fr) * 2009-11-11 2011-05-19 Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Petites molecules contenant du bore
US8716478B2 (en) 2010-01-27 2014-05-06 Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Boron-containing small molecules
WO2011116348A1 (fr) 2010-03-19 2011-09-22 Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Petites molécules borées en tant qu'agent anti-protozoaire
AU2011237681B2 (en) * 2010-04-07 2015-01-22 Glaxosmithkline Llc Process for preparing benzoxaboroles
KR102152901B1 (ko) 2010-09-07 2020-09-07 아나코르 파마슈티칼스 인코포레이티드 세균 감염을 치료하기 위한 벤족사보롤 유도체
AU2014305792C1 (en) 2013-08-09 2018-07-05 Anacor Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Tricyclic benzoxaborole compounds and uses thereof
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US20060106247A1 (en) 2006-05-18
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