EP1564486A2 - Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1564486A2
EP1564486A2 EP05101358A EP05101358A EP1564486A2 EP 1564486 A2 EP1564486 A2 EP 1564486A2 EP 05101358 A EP05101358 A EP 05101358A EP 05101358 A EP05101358 A EP 05101358A EP 1564486 A2 EP1564486 A2 EP 1564486A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
droplets
nozzle
droplet
sprays
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05101358A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1564486A3 (fr
Inventor
Jakob Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Publication of EP1564486A2 publication Critical patent/EP1564486A2/fr
Publication of EP1564486A3 publication Critical patent/EP1564486A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/11002—Liquid fuel burners with more than one nozzle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for atomization liquid fuel for in a furnace, preferably for a Combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant, with a nozzle arrangement through which the liquid fuel pressurized passes and to a fuel / air mixture is atomized.
  • both the constructive design of all individual components of a gas turbine as well as their operation plays in the fuel combustion the sputtering process in which the liquid fuel to a possible homogeneous fuel / air mixture is to be atomized, a very crucial Role.
  • the liquid fuel to atomize in the finest possible fuel droplets in order to achieve this To achieve the largest possible fuel surface.
  • single-stage atomizers will be used exclusively in so-called Silo combustion chambers used in which a Brennerstufung is provided, whereas multi-stage atomizer units, such as air-assisted and compressed air-assisted Atomizers are commonly used in ring combustors.
  • liquid fuel atomizer units underlying problem are the very different fuel flow rates, with which the atomizer units during the operation of a gas turbine plant, starting with the ignition event until reaching the base load operation, be supplied. So are fuel flow rates under typical ignition conditions by a factor of 10 to 20 smaller than under base load conditions. Also is associated with the fact that the pressure conditions within the gas turbine plant are subject to major changes, which are up to more than a factor of 100 to change. Thus, typical pressure values for the atomization of liquid fuel Under base load conditions about 60 bar, whereas the atomization pressure under ignition conditions drops to 300 to 600 mbar, so pressure conditions achieved the use of atomizing nozzles for operation under base load conditions are designed, impossible.
  • the invention is based on the object, a method and a device for atomizing liquid fuel for a furnace, preferably for a combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant, with a nozzle arrangement through passing the liquid fuel pressurized and to a fuel / air mixture is sprayed so indicate that despite the above-described large differences in pressure a single atomizing unit is sufficient which required for an optimized combustion of liquid fuel Atomization takes place. It is intended to a well-known multiple graduation the atomizer units are dispensed with. In particular, the required for this Atomizer device possess a simple construction and with only minor Costs associated. The atomization rate as well as the achievable Fuel droplet diameter should both for the ignition and the Base load operation be optimally adaptable.
  • Claim 1 describes a method according to the invention for atomization of liquid fuel, whereas the objects of Claims 4 and 6 each inventive fuel atomization devices represent.
  • the concept of the invention advantageously further-forming features are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 1 according to the invention further developed such that after passage of the fuel through the nozzle assembly trained atomization unit at least two, spatially separated Fuel sprays are formed, in which the fuel predominantly in shape isolated fuel droplet is present.
  • the fuel droplets point each a relative propagation direction, so that the fuel droplets of a Fuel sprays collide with the fuel droplets of the other fuel spray, so that at the collision of the fuel droplets new fuel droplets are formed whose diameter is smaller than that of the colliding fuel droplets is.
  • the fuel sprays whose individual fuel droplets are typically droplet diameter in the order of 1 to 5 mm are preferably of a two-dimensional spray form whose directions of propagation are set relative to each other so that they are pointed under a Cut angles.
  • Collisions occur between the respective fuel droplets, which too smallest droplets of fuel droplets lead, which preferably a propagation direction take along the bisecting line, between the Propagation directions of the collided two-dimensional Fuel sprays, is oriented.
  • the collision geometry is typically based on the individual combustor geometry adapted by ring combustion chambers so that the finest fuel droplets in the direction of the combustion chamber to the subsequent inflammation.
  • a nozzle arrangement according to the invention which after the above Atomization principle works, sees at least two spatially separated nozzle outlet before, which are oriented relative to each other so that with each different directions propagating fuel spray in one Penetrate area within which the fuel droplets from the respective Fuel sprays collide with each other.
  • the nozzle outlet openings are so oriented relative to each other, that the propagation directions of the from the Düsenauslrawö Maschinenen leaking fuel sprays include an angle ⁇ , for the 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ 180 ° applies.
  • a nozzle assembly with a slot nozzle the has a self-contained slot nozzle opening.
  • the slot nozzle opening preferably surrounded by a deflecting element, which from the the slot nozzle opening escaping fuel such that the forming fuel spray convergent in a narrow volume range converges.
  • slot nozzle opening itself may be conical, whereby the Forming fuel spray even without providing diversion converges in a narrow volume range and there to the desired Collision events leads.
  • This type of burner is considered a successful output type of burners used for lighting are designed with liquid fuels.
  • This is the liquid fuel by means of a centrally arranged to the cone cavity nozzle assembly and in Form of a conically forming fuel spray into the interior of the Combustion chamber introduced.
  • the cone-shaped fuel spray gets tangential from one flowing into a conical cavity, rotating combustion air flow enclosed and thereby stabilized. Only in the area of the vortex burst, So in the so-called sudströmzone, the optimal, homogeneous Fuel concentration reached over the cross section, so that in this area the ignition of the fuel spray takes place.
  • Fig. 1a is a schematic of a two part cone bodies 1 existing cone body of a burner, which results, for example, from EP 0 321 809 B1.
  • At the burner outlet 2 are in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1a two separate Düsenauslrawö réelleen 3 and 4 provided by the liquid fuel in each case fan-shaped spreading fuel sprays 5, 6 atomized becomes.
  • the fuel sprays 5, 6 have macroscopic fuel droplets 16 with typical fuel droplet diameters between 1 and 5 mm up.
  • the propagation directions of both fuel sprays 5, 6 are such oriented that they penetrate in a narrow volume range 7.
  • the at the collision forming microscopic fuel droplets 17 preferably spread along the bisector 8 relative to both Hauptausbreitungsschen the Fuel sprays 5, 6 off. It forms one of the smallest liquid droplets existing droplet cloud 9, which within the combustion chamber for inflammation to bring is.
  • Fig. 1 b is a cross-sectional view through the droplet cloud 9 in the viewing direction the burner outlet 2 shown. From the nozzle outlet openings 3, 4 occur fan-shaped, the fuel sprays 5, 6, in the direction of propagation in front of the Droplet cloud 9 collided.
  • the colliding fuel sprays 5, 6 should be the width of a fan-shaped, two-dimensional Fuel sprays 5, which collide with a second fuel spray 6, about the size of the cross-sectional area of all droplets per egg n-length of length that is, the colliding fuel sprays 5, 6 should bundled together as possible with low beam divergence, as in the Embodiment according to FIG. 1c is shown.
  • the two from the Düsenauslrawö Maschinentechnisch 3, 4 leaking fuel sprays 5, 6 have a very much low beam divergence, so that they are tightly bundled in the middle of the burner outlet 2 in collision. In this way it is ensured that as possible many collision events between the macroscopic fuel droplets 16 of a fuel spray 5 with the macroscopic fuel droplets 16 the other fuel spray 6 take place.
  • nozzle arrangements shown in Figs. 1a to c must be with a large geometric Care be arranged spatially to each other, so that from the Nozzle outlet openings 3, 4 exiting fuel sprays 5, 6 in a suitable manner are directed towards each other and can get into collision.
  • FIG. 2 another embodiment, which is a nozzle assembly in a cross-sectional view shows a self-contained Slot nozzle opening 10 has.
  • Liquid fuel reaches via a feed channel 11 in a nozzle head 13, the flow diameter is preferably flared conical.
  • a centrally placed in the middle of the nozzle head 13 Displacement element 12 delimits the slot nozzle opening 10, through which the liquid fuel passes as an annular fuel spray 14, circulating angularly.
  • a deflecting element 15 Integral with the nozzle head 13, a deflecting element 15 is connected, which the fuel spray 14 directed conically inward.
  • the distance between Nozzle head 13 and the volume area 7, in which the by decay processes formed individual fuel droplets 16 come into collision, is so measured that the directly exiting the nozzle head 13 fuel spray 14 initially mixed with the surrounding air circulation and due subsequent disintegration processes form individual singular fuel droplets 17.
  • the beam path of the fuel spray 14 can in particular by the inclination the deflecting element 15 are set individually.
  • a droplet cloud 9 forms, in which Microdroplets with the small droplet diameters described above accumulate.
  • the nozzle arrangement shown in cross section in FIG. 2 may differ from a circular slot nozzle opening also accept other slot exit geometries.
  • circular segment-like outlet openings are conceivable, through the at least two separate fuel sprays in a colliding manner can.
  • the idea underlying the invention is the generation of very small liquid droplets, whose droplet diameters are smaller by up to 3 orders of magnitude, as the liquid droplets generated by conventional spraying. This happens by - deviating from the conventional approach of atomization of liquid by means of air - two liquid droplets targeted in collision which in turn are brought into a variety of smallest liquid droplets bursting.
  • burners for gas turbine plants both for the ignition phase as well as for the base load operation with only one, simply designed in the structure To provide nozzle arrangement.
  • By the measure according to the invention it is possible to increase the efficiency of gas turbines without sacrificing the constructive and increase associated financial expense.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
EP05101358A 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion Withdrawn EP1564486A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19854382A DE19854382B4 (de) 1998-11-25 1998-11-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage
DE19854382 1998-11-25
EP99811040A EP1004821B1 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99811040A Division EP1004821B1 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1564486A2 true EP1564486A2 (fr) 2005-08-17
EP1564486A3 EP1564486A3 (fr) 2006-05-17

Family

ID=7888979

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99811040A Expired - Lifetime EP1004821B1 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion
EP05101358A Withdrawn EP1564486A3 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Procédé et dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99811040A Expired - Lifetime EP1004821B1 (fr) 1998-11-25 1999-11-11 Dispositif de pulvérisation du combustible liquide pour un appareil de combustion

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6360971B1 (fr)
EP (2) EP1004821B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19854382B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060147853A1 (en) * 2005-01-06 2006-07-06 Lipp Charles W Feed nozzle assembly and burner apparatus for gas/liquid reactions
DE102006005386B4 (de) * 2006-02-03 2009-04-09 Uhde Gmbh Gasbrenner mit optimierter Düsenanordnung
DE102008027681A1 (de) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-17 Häußer, Achim Einspritzung des Brennstoffs mit mehreren Düsen zur Verbrauchsreduzierung bei Heizungen
US8667800B2 (en) * 2009-05-13 2014-03-11 Delavan Inc. Flameless combustion systems for gas turbine engines
EP2923770A1 (fr) * 2014-03-26 2015-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composant d'une turbomachine thermique et procédé d'atomisation d'un liquide dans une veine d'une turbomachine thermique

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB621785A (en) * 1943-07-27 1949-04-20 Teco Sa Apparatus for the pulverisation of liquids in the form of aerosols
FR1026664A (fr) * 1950-10-28 1953-04-30 Phillips & Pain Ets Perfectionnements aux lances à eau pulvérisée
GB1029521A (en) * 1964-01-09 1966-05-11 Lucas Industries Ltd Spray nozzles
US4588375A (en) * 1982-08-30 1986-05-13 Sandstroem Christer Oil burner
JPH05141622A (ja) * 1991-11-21 1993-06-08 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 液体燃料燃焼装置

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US1129616A (en) 1913-08-11 1915-02-23 Jonas Albert Weyland Adjustable regulating means for explosion and internal-combustion engines.
US1531877A (en) * 1923-12-20 1925-03-31 W N Best Corp Oil burner
US3074231A (en) * 1960-03-30 1963-01-22 Klein David Marshall Annular stream variable area injector
GB1299673A (en) 1969-02-13 1972-12-13 Fiat Spa Improvements relating to valve actuating mechanisms for internal combustion engines
US5845846A (en) * 1969-12-17 1998-12-08 Fujisaki Electric Co., Ltd. Spraying nozzle and method for ejecting liquid as fine particles
DE2335632A1 (de) 1973-07-13 1975-01-30 Daimler Benz Ag Ventilverstellung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE2335695A1 (de) 1973-07-13 1975-04-03 Daimler Benz Ag Ventilverstellung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE2363891A1 (de) 1973-07-13 1975-06-26 Daimler Benz Ag Ventilverstellung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE2428915A1 (de) 1973-12-21 1976-01-02 Daimler Benz Ag Ventilverstellung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US4494699A (en) * 1981-10-21 1985-01-22 Hengesbach Robert W Adjustable spray nozzle
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CH674561A5 (fr) * 1987-12-21 1990-06-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
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Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB621785A (en) * 1943-07-27 1949-04-20 Teco Sa Apparatus for the pulverisation of liquids in the form of aerosols
FR1026664A (fr) * 1950-10-28 1953-04-30 Phillips & Pain Ets Perfectionnements aux lances à eau pulvérisée
GB1029521A (en) * 1964-01-09 1966-05-11 Lucas Industries Ltd Spray nozzles
US4588375A (en) * 1982-08-30 1986-05-13 Sandstroem Christer Oil burner
JPH05141622A (ja) * 1991-11-21 1993-06-08 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 液体燃料燃焼装置

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN Bd. 017, Nr. 534 (M-1486), 27. September 1993 (1993-09-27) -& JP 05 141622 A (MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD), 8. Juni 1993 (1993-06-08) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59911869D1 (de) 2005-05-12
EP1004821A1 (fr) 2000-05-31
US6360971B1 (en) 2002-03-26
EP1004821B1 (fr) 2005-04-06
DE19854382B4 (de) 2009-01-02
EP1564486A3 (fr) 2006-05-17
DE19854382A1 (de) 2000-05-31

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