EP2190587B1 - Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2190587B1
EP2190587B1 EP08802252A EP08802252A EP2190587B1 EP 2190587 B1 EP2190587 B1 EP 2190587B1 EP 08802252 A EP08802252 A EP 08802252A EP 08802252 A EP08802252 A EP 08802252A EP 2190587 B1 EP2190587 B1 EP 2190587B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
outlet openings
hole
longitudinal axis
annular gap
Prior art date
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Not-in-force
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EP08802252A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2190587A1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Wurz
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to PL08802252T priority Critical patent/PL2190587T3/pl
Publication of EP2190587A1 publication Critical patent/EP2190587A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/045—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber the gas and liquid flows being parallel just upstream the mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/18—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area using fluids, e.g. gas streams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0466—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the central liquid flow towards the peripheral gas flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0475—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the peripheral gas flow towards the central liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0846—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with jets being only jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0853—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with one single gas jet and several jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0892—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being disposed on a circle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/10—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge producing a swirling discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
    • B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • F28C3/08—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour with change of state, e.g. absorption, evaporation, condensation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-hole or bundle nozzle with a plurality of outlet openings for fluid to be atomized.
  • Multi-hole nozzles are nozzles in which the droplet spray, starting from a common pre-chamber or mixing chamber, exits via a plurality of individual bores.
  • Bundle nozzles are nozzles in which several basically functional individual nozzles are mounted on a nozzle head or within a nozzle head.
  • Multi-hole nozzles and bundle nozzles have in common that several spray jets simultaneously emerge from the nozzle and form a total exit jet. Within the total exit jet can, but does not necessarily have to be an interaction or mixing of the individual beams.
  • the invention thus relates to nozzles for atomizing liquids without and with the use of compressed air, wherein alternatively a plurality of individual nozzles are mounted on a nozzle lance head, or flows out of a common chamber liquid or a drop-gas mixture of a plurality of outlet openings in the nozzle outlet part.
  • novel measures for producing a fine droplet spray while avoiding deposits on the nozzle exit part are to be used in such multi-hole or bundle nozzles.
  • liquids are sprayed into a gaseous fluid, for example in flue gas to be cleaned or cooled, ie for flue gas cleaning or for evaporative cooling. It is often crucial that the liquid is atomized into the finest possible drops. The finer the drops, the larger the specific drop surface. This can result in considerable procedural advantages. For example, the size of a reaction vessel and its manufacturing costs are critically dependent on the average droplet size. But in many cases it is by no means sufficient for the average droplet size to fall below a certain limit. Even a few much larger drops can lead to significant disruption. This is particularly the case when the drops do not evaporate fast enough due to their size, so that even drops or doughy particles in the following components, eg fabric filter hoses or fan blades, are deposited and lead to malfunction due to incrustations, corrosion or imbalance ,
  • pressurized gas-based two-fluid nozzles are frequently used in addition to high-pressure single-fluid nozzles, which are charged only with the liquid to be atomized.
  • the liquid is removed by means of a pressurized gas, e.g. Compressed air or pressurized steam, the first gaseous fluid, into a second gaseous fluid, e.g. in flue gas, sprayed.
  • a pressurized gas e.g. Compressed air or pressurized steam
  • compressed air is often used in the following for the designation of the first gaseous fluid, the term “compressed air” including the use of pressurized gas or pressurized steam having essentially any desired chemical composition.
  • the second gaseous fluid is referred to as a flue gas, the use of the term “flue gas” including any other gaseous and possibly additionally solids-laden fluid.
  • the description of the invention focuses on the more complicated case of the compressed-air two-fluid nozzle.
  • the invention is also applicable to single-ink atomizing nozzles, provided that they are designed as a multi-hole or bundle nozzles.
  • the sulfuric acid dew point temperature may range between 100 ° C and 160 ° C
  • the steam dew point temperatures in flue gases are often between about 45 ° C and 65 ° C. Since a comparatively cold fluid is usually sprayed into the flue gas with two-substance nozzles, the surface temperature of the nozzle lance and nozzle head, in particular those of bundle nozzle heads, is well below the dew point temperatures of the flue gas constituents mentioned. From the flue gas to nozzle lance and nozzle head condensing liquid can chemically react with the particulate contents of the flue gas, the airborne dusts.
  • Impermissibly high moisture contents of the product occurring in subsequent components of the system can be the result. It is treacherous here that the deposits on the nozzle heads usually have developed so far only after some time that they exert a strong disturbing influence on the droplet size distribution. While very good results are achieved in a nozzle equipped with nozzles, it can be used with the Time to a significant impairment of the operation come when the pads have increased accordingly.
  • each individual nozzle acts like a jet pump: it sucks in gaseous fluid, eg flue gas, from the environment and mixes it into the spray jet. This gaseous fluid thus flows partially over the cold front surface of the nozzle to the passage opening and, consequently, it may come to the growth of deposits here, at least when it is the gaseous fluid is flue gas.
  • gaseous fluid eg flue gas
  • a multi-orifice nozzle For a multi-orifice nozzle, this is for example in Fig. 1 where also the liquid film 12 on the coating as well as resulting large secondary drops 13 are shown.
  • a first step to improve the boundary conditions would be a redesign of the construction of a multi-hole nozzle in such a way that a central outlet bore is possible.
  • a curtain air nozzle By arranging a curtain air nozzle according to the prior art, the formation of deposits from flue gas constituents can be prevented in such nozzles with a plurality of outlet bores.
  • a relatively large enveloping air volume flow is required if lining formation on the front face of the nozzle is to be prevented reliably.
  • a multi-hole or bundle nozzle is to be provided in which a deposit formation is at least greatly reduced and which enables the generation of a total spray jet with a large spray angle.
  • a multi-hole or bundle nozzle according to claim 1 is provided for this purpose.
  • the invention thus achieves a convergent / divergent arrangement of the exit jets, so that, on the one hand, the exit bores of nozzles having a plurality of outlet openings or of bundle nozzles can be grouped as closely as possible about the axis of the nozzle head and on the other hand, the possibility of forming a total spray jet having a sufficiently large spray angle is provided.
  • the nozzle configuration according to the invention has only a small amount of fog required.
  • the minimum distance of the central longitudinal axes of the outlet openings of the individual nozzles lies in the mouth region of the entire nozzle, so it can still be arranged in the mouthpiece upstream of the outlet openings, at the level of the outlet openings or downstream of the outlet openings. In this case, a region of the minimum distance lying immediately downstream of the outlet openings is preferred in order to be able to realize an expansion of the overall jet shortly after the nozzle.
  • the exit jets emerging from the individual nozzle holes or from the individual individual nozzles thus form a flow focus in the mouth region of the entire nozzle, wherein this flow focus may also lie within the mouthpiece.
  • the term "flow focus" is not to be seen in the narrow sense, but in terms of a minimum cross-section of the total jet, upstream and downstream of this minimum cross-section is a larger cross section of the total beam.
  • the basic idea of the invention is thus to align the individual nozzle jets or exit jets in such a way that the beam forms, as it were, a flow focus at the point of entry into a process space in which it is sprayed.
  • the individual nozzle jets or exit jets are already inclined towards the main axis or center longitudinal axis of the nozzle before reaching the flow focus or the minimum cross section, but are not strictly aligned with this center longitudinal axis, but aim at the center longitudinal axis in the center.
  • the center of the total beam may be formed by the exit jet of a central nozzle, which is aligned parallel to the central longitudinal axis.
  • the at least two outlet openings are arranged annularly around the central longitudinal axis of the nozzle.
  • the central longitudinal axes of the at least two outlet openings are arranged at the same angle to the main longitudinal axis on the nozzle.
  • the central longitudinal axes of the at least two outlet openings are inclined in the same direction with respect to a circumferential direction about the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle.
  • the central longitudinal axes of the at least two outlet openings lie on the lateral surface of an imaginary hyperboloid of revolution.
  • the jet streams generated by means of the at least two outlet openings can be largely without Spread interaction with each other in a process space downstream of the outlet openings.
  • the droplet sizes in the total spray jet of collision processes between individual drops are substantially independent and are determined exclusively by the atomization properties of the individual nozzles or of the individual outlet openings.
  • a central outlet opening lying on the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle is provided around which the at least two further outlet openings are arranged in an annular manner.
  • the central longitudinal axes of the at least two further outlet openings are inclined in the same direction with respect to a circumferential direction about the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle in order to generate a twist about the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle.
  • annular gap nozzle is advantageous in order to avoid liquid films in the region of the nozzle orifice, which can lead to secondary drops of considerable size.
  • the annular gap nozzle can be acted upon with compressed air at high pressure or even to produce enveloping air only with low-pressure veiling air.
  • the outlet openings are provided in a nozzle mouthpiece which is surrounded by an annular gap nozzle.
  • the outlet openings are provided, for example, as holes in a massive nozzle tip.
  • This Nozzle tip may be surrounded by an annular die to avoid the formation of large secondary drops.
  • a nozzle carrying body is provided on which a plurality of nozzle nozzles projecting in the outflow direction individual nozzles are arranged, wherein the individual nozzles are surrounded at least at the level of their outlet openings of an annular gap nozzle hood, so that between the individual nozzles and the annular gap nozzle hood at the level of the outlet openings Annular gap is formed.
  • a central nozzle are provided with a lying on the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle outlet opening and at least two further, the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle annular surrounding individual nozzles, wherein an end face of the annular gap nozzle hood has one or more annular gap openings, so that at the level of the outlet openings, a distance between an outer circumference of the individual nozzles and the annular gap or openings or the outer circumference of adjacent individual nozzles is substantially equal.
  • annular gap width of the annular gap nozzle can be achieved by an annular gap opening in the annular gap nozzle hood, for example in the form of a star with rounded points or, if appropriate, also irregularly designed annular gap opening.
  • annular gap between the housings of the individual nozzles then has the substantially constant annular gap width, so that approximately the same flow velocity of the annular gap air is achieved substantially over the entire annular gap, which may have a geometrically irregular shape. If cylindrical housings of the individual nozzles contact one another, a constant annular gap width can not or only approximately be achieved.
  • a throttle element may be provided upstream of the annular gap in the intermediate space between the individual nozzles or the inside of the annular gap nozzle hood be to reduce the pressure of the annular gap air in a suitable manner.
  • annular gap nozzle is surrounded by an annular Schleier Kunststoffdüse.
  • annular gap nozzle in the region of the nozzle orifice can be shielded from flue gases in the process space.
  • a nozzle carrier body is provided on which a plurality of nozzle bodies projecting outwardly in the outflow direction are arranged individual nozzles, wherein the individual nozzles are arranged on a discharge face viewed in the generally concave front of the nozzle carrier body.
  • a concave front not only a curved front, but for example, a front surface is considered, which consists of a plurality of flat partial surfaces, which together form a depression.
  • the outlet openings are provided in a nozzle mouthpiece, wherein the nozzle mouthpiece has a base body with a conical outer surface and surrounding the base body and partially fitting on the outer surface hood and wherein the base body and / or the hood have at the outlet openings ending nozzle channel grooves.
  • the nozzle channels in the arrangement according to the invention can be realized in a simple manner by the milling of grooves in the cone-shaped base body and / or the hood. To the grooves are then closed at their open side and form the nozzle channels.
  • the grooves are applied, for example, on the cone-like base body as in the manufacture of a helical bevel gear.
  • FIG. 1 gives a rough outline of the prior art and shows a multi-hole nozzle 3 with an axis of symmetry 16, consisting of a feed tube 2 for the liquid to be atomized 1, a feed pipe 4 for the compressed gas or for the compressed air 6, an inlet part 20 for liquid. 1 and compressed gas 6 in the mixing chamber 7 with a bore 10 for the liquid supply 1 and a plurality of bores 5 for the compressed air supply 6.
  • an anvil 15 is arranged with a baffle 11, is already divided at the entering through the bore 10 liquid in relatively small drops. This primary droplet spray is conveyed by the compressed air to the outlet holes 8.
  • the medium-sized droplets 9 producing in the mixing chamber 7 are broken down into substantially smaller droplets. From the holes 8, the compressed gas-promoted droplets 18 exit. Very fine drops are present in the jet core, while at the edge of the jet comparatively large drops occur which result from the decay of wall-liquid films in the bores 8, in particular at the bore edges. This in any case if no annular clearance air is provided. At the nozzle, a central Feststoffbelag 14 has formed. By Rezirkulationswirbel 17 smaller drops are deposited on the central coating 14 and form a liquid film 12. At the tip of the nose 21 of the solid coating 14 very large secondary drops 13 dissolve out of the liquid film.
  • Fig. 1 For the sake of simplification, the external configuration of a bundle nozzle 26 according to the prior art is shown.
  • the individual nozzles 36 are mounted on the front surface 38 of an outwardly curved cone, ie in the outflow direction, that is convex.
  • this overall spray jets are readily obtainable with a large total opening angle ⁇ , but these conventional nozzles have a very large cold front surface 38, which is not readily shielded by the use of fog air and easy on it to the formation of large secondary drops triggering deposit formation can come.
  • the individual nozzles consist of single-substance atomizing nozzles or of compressed air-supported two-component nozzles.
  • Fig. 3 1 shows a plurality of individual nozzles, namely a central nozzle 46 and one of six annular nozzles 47 which are arranged around the central nozzle 46 in such a way that they almost touch the central nozzle 46 in the mouth region 40 ,
  • any other number of individual nozzles larger than two may be provided.
  • the central longitudinal axes of these arranged as a ring ring nozzles 47 do not intersect with the main longitudinal axis 16 of the central nozzle 46; Rather, the ring nozzles 47 "aim" laterally past the central nozzle 46.
  • the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 are thus skewed aligned with each other, with a distance between the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 and the central longitudinal axis of the central nozzle 46, which simultaneously represents the main longitudinal axis 16 of the entire nozzle, seen in the outflow initially reduced.
  • the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 do not intersect the main longitudinal axis 16. Rather, the distance between the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 and the central longitudinal axis 16 increases again after passing through a minimum distance or smallest cross section of the total exit jet. This region of minimum distance is a little more than the diameter of the outlet openings of the individual nozzles 46, 47 downstream of these outlet openings. Overall, therefore, so that an initially convergent and after passing through the smallest cross-section again divergent arrangement of the spray jets 18 of the individual nozzles is achieved.
  • the spray jets 18 emerging from the annular nozzles 47 have, as in Fig. 3 can be seen, all an equal circumferential component with respect to the main longitudinal axis 16, as seen in the circumferential direction about the main longitudinal axis 16 are all inclined in the same direction.
  • the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 and the spray jets 18 of these annular nozzles 47 are due to the annular arrangement of the annular nozzles 47 thus on the lateral surface of a Rotationshyperboloids.
  • the overall jet of the bundle nozzle 45 is affected by the selected orientation of the annular nozzles 47 in total with a twist about the main longitudinal axis 16.
  • each spray jet 18 can propagate largely freely in the process space downstream of the nozzle 45, so that a total spray jet with a sufficiently large opening angle ⁇ is formed.
  • the bundle nozzle 45 has a central lance tube 2 for the supply of liquid to be sprayed 1 and a lance tube 4, which coaxially surrounds the central lance tube 2, for the supply of compressed air 6.
  • a nozzle support body 41 with concave front surface on which the annular nozzles 47 and the central nozzle 46 are arranged bores 27 for the supply of liquid to the individual nozzles 36, 37 are provided.
  • the mixing chamber inlet parts 28 which are each arranged at the transition between the nozzle support body 41 and the nozzle tubes of the individual nozzles 46, 47, the liquid enters the mixing chambers 7 a.
  • the annular nozzles 47 are identical to the central nozzle 46 is formed. Furthermore, the compressed air 6 initially flows through large bores 31 into a primary compressed gas chamber 32 and reaches the mixing chambers 7 via bores 5 in the nozzle tubes of the central nozzle 46 or the annular nozzles 47.
  • the liquid is atomized at sound velocities of the gas phase to such fine droplets that a further constriction at the downstream end of the nozzle tube, which forms the respective outlet opening 8, is usually not required.
  • the primary compressed gas chamber 32 is formed between the nozzle support body 41, a nozzle hood 23, the nozzle tubes of the central nozzle 46 and the annular nozzles 47 and a throttle disc 35.
  • the throttle disc 35 has a plurality of openings through each of which a single nozzle, so the central nozzle 46 and the annular nozzles 47, projects therethrough, wherein the respective openings are slightly larger than the outer diameter of the respective nozzle tubes, so that an annular gap between the throttle plate 35 and each Nozzle tube is formed.
  • a secondary compressed gas space 34 downstream of the throttle plate 35 is surrounded by the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle so that only relatively narrow gaps 25 between the nozzle tubes 40 of the individual nozzles 46, 47 and the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle arise at the nozzle outlet, from which the gap air at high speed exit.
  • the opening of the annular gap cover 23 is irregular and designed so that the resulting annular gap has a substantially constant width.
  • the concept presented by means of the bundling nozzle 45 which is designed as a two-substance nozzle, with a flow focus corresponding to a convergent / divergent arrangement of the individual exit jets 18 in the vicinity of the nozzle orifice 40 can of course also be applied to single-component atomizing nozzles.
  • a central nozzle 46 and around this central nozzle 46 around six further annular nozzles 47 are grouped, which lean against the outlet section of the central nozzle 46 and which are inclined in the same direction in the circumferential direction in the form of a twist rose.
  • the bundle nozzle 45 After passing through the flow focus, ie the minimum cross section of the total exit jet, the bundle nozzle 45, the individual spray jets 18 thus run divergent, so that sufficiently large total jet opening angles ⁇ can be generated.
  • a nozzle configuration of this type there is hardly any front surface available for the growth of coverings, and thus only a small volume of bleed air through the sander air nozzle 29 is required. Furthermore, such nozzle heads can be made relatively slim.
  • a bundle nozzle of this type can be constructed from individual nozzles, which are each equipped with annular gap atomization at the nozzle orifice, as for example in the international patent publication with the file reference PCT / EP 2007/001384 for single nozzles has been described.
  • bundle nozzles it is also possible to supply the annular gap air 25 for the individual nozzles of the nozzle bundle via the contiguous primary compressed air space 32.
  • a throttle element between the primary compressed air space 32, from which the primary atomizing air for the individual nozzles 46, 47 is removed, and the annular gap 24 supplying secondary compressed air space 34 can be installed.
  • the secondary compressed air space 34 is limited by the throttle disk 35, the nozzle hood 23 and the nozzle tubes 36.
  • the throttle element in the form of a throttle plate 35 with a number of passage openings corresponding to the number of nozzles 46, 47, thus the space within the annular gap nozzle hood 23 is divided into the primary compressed air space 32 and the secondary compressed air space 34.
  • the atomizing air is diverted via the holes 5 in the mixing chambers 7 of the individual nozzles 46, 47.
  • the annular gap 24 of the annular gap nozzle can be adapted to the contour of the individual nozzles 46, 47 at a distance of, for example, 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • a relatively simple production technique consists here of first producing the blank of the nozzle hood 23 of the annular-gap nozzle with a closed front surface and placing it on the blank of the nozzle-carrying body 41 of the bundle nozzle.
  • the passage bores for the individual nozzles on the front surface of the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle can be introduced with a position of the bore axes which coincide with the position of the central longitudinal axes of the individual nozzles 46, 47 to be installed later.
  • the individual bores are driven through the front surface of the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle into the nozzle support body 41, so that a perfect alignment of the central longitudinal axes of the individual nozzles and the axes of the individual annular gap openings is ensured.
  • an envelope or Schleierluftdüse 29 may be provided in addition, requires no further explanation for the expert.
  • the veiling air 33 would only be required to avoid deposits on the nozzle lance or on the outer edge of the annular gap nozzle, so that it is possible to work with a comparatively small amount of veiling air.
  • the outer contour of the annular gap nozzle or the inner contour of the Schleierluftdüse could be designed such that annular gaps arise in the form of rounded stars corresponding to the envelope of the individual nozzles.
  • Fig. 4 shows a multi-hole nozzle 43 according to the invention.
  • the principle is followed that all spray jets 18, which originate from the individual outlet openings, emerge from the central region of the nozzle head.
  • the directivity of the spray jets 18 is also achieved here in that the holes 8, at the downstream end of the outlet openings, within the nozzle head in the view of Fig. 4 approximately diagonal.
  • the central longitudinal axes 44 of the individual bores 8 and thus the outlet openings are skewed to each other, inclined in the same direction with respect to a circumferential direction about the main longitudinal axis 16 of the nozzle and the distance of the central longitudinal axes 44 to the main longitudinal axis 16 of the total nozzle initially decreases, seen in the outflow, without the main longitudinal axis 16 to cut. After passing through a minimum distance between the central longitudinal axes 44 and the main longitudinal axis 16 of the overall nozzle, this distance increases again, so that a convergent / divergent arrangement is formed.
  • the central longitudinal axes 44 of the individual bores 8 are thus due to the annular arrangement of the outlet openings at the downstream end of the bores 8 on the lateral surface of an imaginary Rotationshyperboloids.
  • Drop-loaded fluid 9 from the in Fig. 4 right section of the mixing chamber 7 thus exits on the left side of the nozzle orifice 40, wherein the bores 8, however, are guided past the central axis 16.
  • the axes 44 of the individual beams or the associated holes 8 are so twisted about the main longitudinal axis 16 and inclined in two planes to this main longitudinal axis 16, the individual beams 18 can propagate largely without interaction with each other in the gas space 42.
  • the baffle plate 11 for which different geometries in question, to the mixing chamber inlet part 20.
  • many concepts can be used in principle come.
  • the conical front portion 19 of the multi-hole nozzle can be manufactured with the individual nozzle holes as the nozzle center body 50, which is inserted into a conical cap 52 same opening angle, which is schematically in Fig. 5 is shown.
  • the conical nozzle central body 50 can then also represent a configuration in the manner of a helical bevel gear, wherein cutouts 54 replace the holes 8.
  • this multi-hole nozzle 43 according to Fig. 4 be equipped with a nozzle hood 23 an annular gap nozzle.
  • annular gap nozzle outside surrounded Schleierluftdüse be provided.
  • the liquid 1 is thus injected in a known manner into a mixing chamber 7 or divided on a baffle 11 into relatively large primary drops 9.
  • compressed air is introduced in the same mixing chamber 7 and compressed air is introduced.
  • This compressed air takes the primary droplets with it, and in the strongly accelerating passage through the outlet channels 8, the primary droplets are divided into smaller droplets.
  • the outlet channels 8 are arranged around the main axis 16, that the focus of the individual droplets 18 is approximately in the nozzle exit plane, as in the bundle nozzle 45 according to Fig. 3 was described in detail unlike Fig. 3 but still within the front section 19 or mouthpiece.
  • FIG. 5 shown embodiment of a nozzle orifice 49 outlet channels are arranged on the type of grooves on a helical bevel gear whose smaller diameter is located in the nozzle outlet opening and wherein the fluid exits through the channels between the adjacent teeth.
  • the said channels are according to Fig. 5 have been produced by cutouts 54 on the conical nozzle central body 50, as in the manufacture of helical bevel gears of the Case is. After placing the cone-shaped outer body 52 channels are then formed with a closed cross-section.
  • the holes 8 of the multi-hole nozzle are of circular design, it may be advantageous to insert short tubes into the outlet holes 8. As with the bundle nozzles, a narrow annular gap configuration for the supply of the gap air can be achieved in this way. In this case, the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle would then have passage openings adapted to the outer dimensions of the inserted tubes in its front surface.

Landscapes

  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau comprenant au moins une chambre de mélange destinée à produire un mélange gaz-gouttes, et plusieurs orifices de sortie pour le mélange gaz-gouttes disposés en aval de l'au moins une chambre de mélange, et dans laquelle les axes médians longitudinaux (44) d'au moins deux des orifices de sortie (56) sont disposé en dévers l'un par rapport à l'autre, sachant que vu dans le sens d'écoulement, un écartement entre les axes médians longitudinaux (44) de ces orifices de sortie (56) et l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse (43 ; 45) se réduit tout d'abord, sans intersectionner l'axe longitudinal principal (16), puis augmente de nouveau après traversée d'un passage de distance minimale.
  2. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les au moins deux orifices de sortie (56) sont disposés de manière annulaire autour de l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse (43 ; 45).
  3. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les axes médians longitudinaux (44) des au moins deux orifices de sortie (56), vus sur un plan comprenant l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse (43 ; 45), sont disposés selon un angle identique par rapport à l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse (43 ; 45).
  4. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les axes médians longitudinaux (44) des au moins deux orifices de sortie (56) sont inclinés dans le même sens par rapport à un sens circonférentiel autour de l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse (43 ; 45).
  5. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les axes médians longitudinaux (44) des au moins deux orifices de sortie (56) sont situés sur l'enveloppe d'un hyperboloïde de révolution imaginaire.
  6. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les jets produits au moyen des au moins deux orifices de sortie (56, 58) peuvent se diffuser quasiment sans interaction entre eux dans un espace de traitement en aval des orifices de sortie (56, 58).
  7. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'est prévu un orifice de sortie central (58) situé sur l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse (45), autour duquel les au moins deux autres orifices de sortie (56) sont disposés de manière annulaire.
  8. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les axes médians longitudinaux (44) des au moins deux autres orifices de sortie (56) sont inclinés dans le même sens par rapport à un sens circonférentiel autour de l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse afin de générer un tourbillonnement autour de l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse.
  9. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'est prévue une buse à fente annulaire entourant les orifices de sortie (56, 58) et alimentée en air comprimé.
  10. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que les orifices de sortie (56) sont prévus dans une embouchure de buse (19 ; 49) qui est entouré par une buse à fente annulaire.
  11. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'est prévu un support de buses (41) sur lequel sont disposés plusieurs buses indépendantes (46, 47) faisant saillie dans le sens d'écoulement à partir du support de buses (41), sachant que les buses indépendantes (46, 47) sont entourées au moins à hauteur de leurs orifices de sortie par une calotte de buse à fente annulaire (23), de sorte qu'une fente annulaire est formée entre les buses indépendantes (46, 47) et la calotte de buse à fente annulaire (23) à hauteur des orifices de sortie.
  12. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que sont prévues une buse centrale (46) avec un orifice de sortie situé sur l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse et au moins deux autres buses indépendantes (47) qui entourent de manière annulaire l'axe longitudinal principal (16) de la buse, sachant qu'une face frontale de la calotte de buse (23) présente une ou plusieurs ouverture(s) en forme de fente annulaire, de sorte qu'à la hauteur des orifices de sortie, un écartement entre un pourtour extérieur des buses indépendantes (46, 47) et la ou les ouverture(s) en forme de fente annulaire et/ou le pourtour extérieur de buses indépendantes (46, 47) voisines est quasiment identique.
  13. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon l'une des revendications 9 à 12 précédentes à condition qu'elle dépende de la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la buse à fente annulaire est entourée par une buse à voile d'air (29).
  14. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'est prévu un support de buses (41) sur lequel sont disposées plusieurs buses indépendantes (46, 47) faisant saillie dans le sens d'écoulement à partir du support de buses (41), sachant que les buses indépendantes (46, 47) sont disposées sur une face avant du support de buses (41) pour l'essentiel concave vue dans le sens d'écoulement.
  15. Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les orifices de sortie sont prévues dans une embouchure de buse (49), sachant que l'embouchure de buse (49) présente un corps central de buse (50) avec des faces extérieures coniques ainsi qu'une calotte (52) entourant le corps central de buse (50) et s'appuyant partiellement sur ses faces extérieures, et que le corps central de buse (50) et/ou la calotte (52) présente(nt) des fraisages (54) qui forment des gorges faisant office de canaux de buse.
EP08802252A 2007-09-17 2008-09-16 Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau Not-in-force EP2190587B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08802252T PL2190587T3 (pl) 2007-09-17 2008-09-16 Dysza wielootworowa lub wiązkowa

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007044272A DE102007044272A1 (de) 2007-09-17 2007-09-17 Vielloch- oder Bündelkopfdüse ohne und mit Druckluftunterstützung
PCT/EP2008/007722 WO2009036947A1 (fr) 2007-09-17 2008-09-16 Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau

Publications (2)

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EP2190587A1 EP2190587A1 (fr) 2010-06-02
EP2190587B1 true EP2190587B1 (fr) 2012-04-18

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EP08802252A Not-in-force EP2190587B1 (fr) 2007-09-17 2008-09-16 Buse à plusieurs trous ou à faisceau

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US (1) US8672241B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2190587B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE553848T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007044272A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2384128T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2190587T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009036947A1 (fr)

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EP4303481A1 (fr) * 2022-06-29 2024-01-10 Westnetz GmbH Dispositif et procédé de préparation d'un mélange odorant de gaz naturel et d'hydrogène

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US9032760B2 (en) * 2012-07-03 2015-05-19 Johns Manville Process of using a submerged combustion melter to produce hollow glass fiber or solid glass fiber having entrained bubbles, and burners and systems to make such fibers
GB2487934B (en) * 2011-02-08 2015-07-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection apparatus comprising a fuel atomisation system
CN103958795B (zh) 2011-10-05 2016-09-14 库尔特·希姆尔弗洛恩德波茵特纳 用来影响来自地下污水管道的竖井开口处的气味的方法和装置
US9074969B2 (en) 2012-04-18 2015-07-07 Cooper Environmental Services Llc Sample fluid stream probe
JP6166103B2 (ja) * 2013-06-04 2017-07-19 ヤンマー株式会社 尿素水噴射ノズル
KR101536454B1 (ko) * 2013-12-20 2015-07-13 주식회사 포스코 분말 제조 장치 및 분말 형성 방법
JP5931947B2 (ja) * 2014-03-18 2016-06-08 株式会社東芝 ノズルおよび積層造形装置
US10661288B2 (en) * 2014-10-27 2020-05-26 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research Manually controlled variable coverage high range electrostatic sprayer
CN107614117B (zh) 2015-04-09 2019-06-21 纳克斯空气产品公司 吹嘴
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Publication number Publication date
ATE553848T1 (de) 2012-05-15
WO2009036947A1 (fr) 2009-03-26
US8672241B2 (en) 2014-03-18
US20100219268A1 (en) 2010-09-02
DE102007044272A1 (de) 2009-04-02
ES2384128T3 (es) 2012-06-29
PL2190587T3 (pl) 2012-09-28
EP2190587A1 (fr) 2010-06-02

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