Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
  • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
  • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
  • B05B7/045—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber the gas and liquid flows being parallel just upstream the mixing chamber
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
  • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
  • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
  • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
  • B05B12/18—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area using fluids, e.g. gas streams
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
  • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
  • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
  • B05B7/0466—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the central liquid flow towards the peripheral gas flow
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
  • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
  • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
  • B05B7/0475—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the peripheral gas flow towards the central liquid flow
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
  • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
  • B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
  • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
  • B05B7/0846—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with jets being only jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
  • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
  • B05B7/0853—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with one single gas jet and several jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
  • B05B7/0892—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being disposed on a circle
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/10—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge producing a swirling discharge
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B08—CLEANING
  • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
  • B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
  • B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
  • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
  • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
  • F28C3/08—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour with change of state, e.g. absorption, evaporation, condensation

Definitions

• the invention relates to a multi-hole or bundle nozzle with a plurality of outlet openings for fluid to be atomized.
• Multi-hole nozzles are nozzles in which the droplet spray exits via a plurality of individual bores, starting from a common prechamber or mixing chamber.
• Bundle nozzles are nozzles in which several basically functional individual nozzles are mounted on a nozzle head or within a nozzle head.
• Multi-hole nozzles and bundle nozzles have in common that several spray jets simultaneously emerge from the nozzle and form a total exit jet. Within the total exit jet can, but does not necessarily have to be an interaction or mixing of the individual beams.
• the invention thus relates to nozzles for atomizing liquids without and with the use of compressed air, wherein alternatively a plurality of individual nozzles are mounted on a nozzle lance head, or flows out of a common chamber liquid or a drop-gas mixture of a plurality of outlet openings in the nozzle outlet part.
• novel measures for producing a fine droplet spray while avoiding deposits on the nozzle exit part are to be used in such multi-hole or bundle nozzles.
• liquids are sprayed into a gaseous fluid, for example in flue gas to be cleaned or cooled, ie for flue gas cleaning or for evaporative cooling. It is often crucial that the liquid is atomized into the finest possible drops. The finer the drops, the larger the specific drop surface. This can result in considerable procedural advantages. For example, the size of a reaction vessel and its cost of manufacture depend crucially on the average droplet size. But in many cases it is by no means sufficient for the average droplet size to fall below a certain limit. Even a few much larger drops can lead to significant disruption.
• pressurized gas-based two-fluid nozzles are frequently used in addition to high-pressure single-fluid nozzles, which are charged only with the liquid to be atomized.
• the liquid is removed by means of a pressurized gas, e.g. Compressed air or pressurized steam, the first gaseous fluid, into a second gaseous fluid, e.g. in flue gas, sprayed.
• a pressurized gas e.g. Compressed air or pressurized steam
• the term “compressed air” is often used in the following to designate the first gaseous fluid, the term “compressed air” including the use of pressurized gas or pressurized steam of essentially any chemical composition.
• the second gaseous fluid is referred to as a flue gas, the use of the term “flue gas” including any other gaseous and possibly additionally solids-laden fluid.
• the description of the invention focuses on the more complicated case of the compressed-air two-fluid nozzle. However, the invention is also applicable to single-ink atomizing nozzles, provided that they are designed as a multi-hole or bundle nozzles.
• the sulfuric acid dew point can be for example values between 100 0 C and 160 0 C
• the water vapor dew point temperatures are in flue gases often between about 45 ° C and 65 ° C. Since a comparatively cold fluid is usually sprayed into the flue gas with two-substance nozzles, the surface temperature of the nozzle lance and nozzle head, in particular those of bundle nozzle heads, is well below the dew point temperatures of the flue gas constituents mentioned. From the flue gas to nozzle Lance and nozzle head condensing liquid can chemically react with the particulate contents of the flue gas, the fly ash.
• each individual nozzle acts like a jet pump: it sucks in gaseous fluid, eg flue gas, from the environment and mixes it into the spray jet. This gaseous fluid thus partially flows over the cold front surface of the nozzle. Through opening and, consequently, it may come to the growth of deposits here, at least when it is the gaseous fluid is flue gas.
• gaseous fluid eg flue gas
• a multi-hole or bundle nozzle is to be provided in which a deposit formation is at least greatly reduced and which enables the generation of a total spray jet with a large spray angle.
• a multi-hole or bundling nozzle with several outlet openings for fluid to be atomized in which the central longitudinal axes of at least two of the outlet openings are aligned skewed, a distance between the central longitudinal axes of these outlet openings and the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle initially being reduced in the outflow direction without cutting the central longitudinal axis, and increased again after passing through a minimum distance.
• the invention thus achieves a convergent / divergent arrangement of the exit jets, so that, on the one hand, the exit bores of nozzles having a plurality of outlet openings or of bundle nozzles can be grouped as closely as possible about the axis of the nozzle head and on the other hand, the possibility of forming a total spray jet having a sufficiently large spray angle is provided.
• the nozzle configuration according to the invention has only a small amount of fog required.
• the minimum distance of the central longitudinal axes of the outlet openings of the individual nozzles lies in the mouth region of the entire nozzle, so it can still be arranged in the mouthpiece upstream of the outlet openings, at the level of the outlet openings or downstream of the outlet openings. In this case, a region of the minimum distance lying immediately downstream of the outlet openings is preferred in order to be able to realize an expansion of the overall jet shortly after the nozzle.
• the exit jets emerging from the individual nozzle holes or from the individual individual nozzles thus form a flow focus in the mouth region of the entire nozzle, wherein this flow focus can also lie within the mouthpiece.
• the term "flow focus" is not to be seen in the narrow sense, but in terms of a minimum cross-section of the total jet, upstream and downstream of this minimum cross-section is a larger cross section of the total beam.
• the basic idea of the invention is therefore to align the individual nozzle jets or exit jets in such a way that the jet bundle forms a flow focus to a certain extent at the junction with a process space in which it is sprayed.
• the individual nozzle jets or exit jets are already inclined towards the main axis or center longitudinal axis of the nozzle before reaching the flow focus or the minimum cross section, but are not strictly aligned with this center longitudinal axis, but aim at the center longitudinal axis in the center.
• the center of the total beam may be formed by the exit jet of a central nozzle, which is aligned parallel to the central longitudinal axis.
• the at least two outlet openings are arranged annularly around the central longitudinal axis of the nozzle.
• the central longitudinal axes of the at least two outlet openings are arranged at the same angle to the main longitudinal axis on the nozzle.
• the central longitudinal axes of the at least two outlet openings are inclined in the same direction with respect to a circumferential direction about the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle.
• the central longitudinal axes of the at least two outlet openings lie on the lateral surface of an imaginary hyperboloid of revolution.
• the jet streams generated by means of the at least two outlet openings can be largely without Spread interaction with each other in a process space downstream of the outlet openings.
• the droplet sizes in the total spray jet of collision processes between individual drops are substantially independent and are determined exclusively by the atomization properties of the individual nozzles or of the individual outlet openings.
• a central outlet opening lying on the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle is provided around which the at least two further outlet openings are arranged in an annular manner.
• the central longitudinal axes of the at least two further outlet openings are inclined in the same direction with respect to a circumferential direction about the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle in order to generate a twist about the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle.
• annular gap nozzle is advantageous in order to avoid liquid films in the region of the nozzle orifice, which can lead to secondary drops of considerable size.
• the annular gap nozzle can be acted upon with compressed air at high pressure or even to produce enveloping air only with low-pressure veiling air.
• the outlet openings are provided in a nozzle mouthpiece which is surrounded by an annular gap nozzle.
• the outlet openings are provided, for example, as holes in a massive nozzle tip.
• This Nozzle tip may be surrounded by an annular die to avoid the formation of large secondary drops.
• a nozzle carrying body is provided on which a plurality of nozzle nozzles projecting in the outflow direction individual nozzles are arranged, wherein the individual nozzles are surrounded at least at the level of their outlet openings of an annular gap nozzle hood, so that between the individual nozzles and the annular gap nozzle hood at the level of the outlet openings Annular gap is formed.
• a central nozzle with a lying on the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle outlet opening and at least two further, the main longitudinal axis of the nozzle annularly surrounding individual nozzles are provided, wherein an end face of the annular gap nozzle hood has one or more annular gap openings in that, at the level of the outlet openings, a distance between an outer circumference of the individual nozzles and the annular gap opening or openings or the outer circumference of adjacent individual nozzles is substantially the same.
• annular gap width of the annular gap nozzle can be achieved by an annular gap opening in the annular gap nozzle hood, for example in the form of a star with rounded points or, if appropriate, also irregularly designed annular gap opening.
• annular gap between the housings of the individual nozzles then has the substantially constant annular gap width, so that approximately the same flow velocity of the annular gap air is achieved substantially over the entire annular gap, which may have a geometrically irregular shape. If cylindrical housings of the individual nozzles are in contact with each other, a constant annular gap width can not or only approximately be achieved.
• a throttle element may be provided upstream of the annular gap in the intermediate space between the individual nozzles or the inner side of the annular gap nozzle hood. hen to reduce the pressure of the annular gap air in a suitable manner.
• the annular gap nozzle is surrounded by a ring-shaped Schleier Kunststoffdüse.
• annular gap nozzle in the region of the nozzle orifice can be shielded from flue gases in the process space.
• a nozzle carrier body on which a plurality of nozzle bodies projecting in the outflow direction are arranged individual nozzles, wherein the individual nozzles are arranged on a discharge body in the generally concave front side of the nozzle carrier body.
• the convergent / divergent arrangement of the outlet jets of the individual nozzles or the corresponding associated orientation of the individual nozzles can be achieved by the shaping of the nozzle carrier body.
• a concave front not only a curved front, but for example, a front surface is considered, which consists of a plurality of flat partial surfaces, which together form a depression.
• the outlet openings are provided in a nozzle mouthpiece, wherein the nozzle mouthpiece has a base body with a conical outer surface and a surrounding the base body and partially applied to the outer surface hood and wherein the base body and / or the hood at the outlet openings have ending nozzle channel grooves ,
• the nozzle channels in the arrangement according to the invention can be realized in a simple manner by the milling of grooves in the cone-shaped base body and / or the hood. To the grooves are then closed at their open side and form the nozzle channels.
• the grooves are applied, for example, on the cone-like base body as in the manufacture of a helical bevel gear.
• FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a multi-hole nozzle according to the prior art
• FIG. 3 is a sectional sectional view of a bundle nozzle according to a first embodiment of the invention
• Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a multi-hole nozzle according to a second
• Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a nozzle orifice according to a third embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 1 is a rough outline of the state of the art and shows a multi-hole nozzle 3 with an axis of symmetry 16, consisting of a feed tube 2 for the liquid 1 to be atomized, a feed tube 4 for the compressed gas or for the compressed air 6, an inlet part 20 for liquid 1 and compressed gas 6 in the mixing chamber 7 with a bore 10 for the liquid supply 1 and a plurality of bores 5 for the compressed air supply 6.
• an anvil 15 is arranged with a baffle 11, at the entering through the bore 10 liquid is already divided into relatively small drops. This primary droplet spray is transferred from the compressed air to the outlet holes
• Fig. 1 shows the simplistic configuration of the external configuration of a bundle nozzle 26 according to the prior art.
• the individual nozzles 36 are mounted on the front surface 38 of an outwardly curved cone, that is to say a convex cone in the outflow direction.
• these conventional nozzles have a very large cold front surface 38 which is not readily shielded by the use of fog air and which easily causes the formation of large secondary droplets triggering deposit formation can occur.
• the individual nozzles consist of single-substance atomizing nozzles or of compressed air-supported two-component nozzles.
• FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a bundling nozzle 45 according to the invention with a main longitudinal axis 16. Shown are a plurality of individual nozzles, namely a central nozzle 46 and one of six annular nozzles 47, which are arranged around the central nozzle 46 such that they the central nozzle 46 in the mouth region 40 almost touch. Instead of six annular nozzles 47, any other number of individual nozzles larger than two may be provided.
• the central longitudinal axes of these arranged as a ring ring nozzles 47 do not intersect with the main longitudinal axis 16 of the central nozzle 46; Rather, the annular nozzles 47 "aim" laterally past the central nozzle 46.
• the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 are thus aligned obliquely to one another, whereby a distance between the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 and the central longitudinal axis of the central nozzle 46, which at the same time represents the main longitudinal axis 16 of the central nozzle 46.
• the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 do not intersect the main longitudinal axis 16.
• the distance between the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 and the central longitudinal axis 16 increases again after passing through a minimum distance or smallest cross section of the total exit jet At a minimum distance, this is a little more than the diameter of the outlet openings of the individual nozzles 46, 47 downstream of these outlet openings, so altogether, therefore, a first convergent and, after passing through the smallest cross-section, again div achieved an ergie arrangement of the spray 18 of the individual nozzles.
• the spray jets 18 emerging from the annular nozzles 47 are all a co-circumferential component with respect to the main longitudinal axis 16 by seen in the circumferential direction about the main longitudinal axis 16 are all inclined in the same direction.
• the central longitudinal axes of the annular nozzles 47 and the spray jets 18 of these annular nozzles 47 are due to the annular arrangement of the annular nozzles 47 thus on the lateral surface of a Rotationshyperboloids.
• the overall jet of the bundle nozzle 45 is affected by the selected orientation of the annular nozzles 47 in total with a twist about the main longitudinal axis 16.
• each spray jet 18 can propagate largely freely in the process space downstream of the nozzle 45, so that a total spray jet with a sufficiently large opening angle ⁇ is formed.
• the bundle nozzle 45 has a central lance tube 2 for the supply of liquid to be sprayed 1 and a lance tube 4, which coaxially surrounds the central lance tube 2, for the supply of the pressurized air e.
• a nozzle support body 41 with a concave front surface, on which the annular nozzles 47 and the central nozzle 46 are arranged bores 27 for the supply of liquid to the individual nozzles 36, 37 are provided.
• the annular nozzles 47 are identical to the central nozzle 46 is formed.
• the compressed air 6 initially flows through large bores 31 into a primary compressed gas chamber 32 and reaches the mixing chambers 7 via bores 5 in the nozzle tubes of the central nozzle 46 or the annular nozzles 47.
• the liquid is atomized at sound velocities of the gas phase to such fine droplets that a further constriction at the downstream end of the nozzle tube, which forms the respective outlet opening 8, is usually not required.
• the primary compressed gas chamber 32 is formed between the nozzle support body 41, a nozzle hood 23, the nozzle tubes of the central nozzle 46 and the annular nozzles 47 and a throttle disc 35.
• the throttle Disc 35 has a plurality of openings through which each a single nozzle, so the central nozzle 46 and the annular nozzles 47, protrudes, wherein the respective openings are slightly larger than the outer diameter of the respective nozzle tubes, so that an annular gap between see the throttle disc 35 and each nozzle tube is formed.
• a secondary compressed gas space 34 downstream of the throttle disk 35 is surrounded by the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle so that only relatively narrow gaps 25 between the nozzle tubes of the individual nozzles 46, 47 and the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle arise at the nozzle outlet 40, from which the gap air high speed exit.
• the opening of the annular gap cover 23 is irregular and designed so that the resulting annular gap has a substantially constant width.
• the concept presented by means of the bundle nozzle 45 which is designed as a two-substance nozzle, with a flow focus corresponding to a convergent / divergent arrangement of the individual exit jets 18 in the vicinity of the nozzle orifice 40 can of course also be applied to single-component atomizing nozzles.
• the bundle nozzle 45 there are thus grouped a central nozzle 46 and around this central nozzle 46 six further annular nozzles 47, which lean against the outlet section of the central nozzle 46 and which are inclined in the same direction in the circumferential direction in the form of a spinose rose.
• the bundle nozzle 45, the individual spray jets 18 After passing through the flow focus, ie the minimum cross section of the total exit jet, the bundle nozzle 45, the individual spray jets 18 thus run divergent, so that sufficiently large total jet opening angles ⁇ can be generated.
• a nozzle configuration of this kind there is hardly any front surface available for the growth of coverings, and thus only a small volume of bleed air through the wiper air nozzle 29 is required. Furthermore, such nozzle heads can be made relatively slim.
• a bundle nozzle of this type can be constructed of individual nozzles, which are each equipped with annular gap atomization at the nozzle orifice, as described for example in the international patent publication with the file number PCT / EP 2007/001384 for individual nozzles.
• bundle nozzles it is also possible to supply the annular gap air 25 for the individual nozzles of the nozzle bundle via the contiguous primary compressed air space 32.
• a throttle element between the primary compressed air space 32, from which the primary atomizing air for the individual nozzles 46, 47 is removed, and the annular gap 24 supplying secondary compressed air space 34 can be installed.
• the secondary compressed air space 34 is limited by the throttle disk 35, the nozzle hood 23 and the nozzle tubes 36.
• the throttle element in the form of a throttle plate 35 with a number of Fugusman- conditions corresponding to the number of nozzles 46, 47, thus the space within the annular gap nozzle hood 23 is divided into the primary compressed air space 32 and the secondary compressed air space 34.
• the primary compressed air space 32 there is a greater pressure and starting from this primary compressed air space 32, the atomizing air is diverted via the holes 5 in the mixing chambers 7 of the individual nozzles 46, 47.
• the annular gap 24 of the annular gap nozzle can be adapted to the contour of the individual nozzles 46, 47 at a distance of, for example, 0.5 to 1 mm.
• a comparatively simple production technique consists here of first producing the blank of the nozzle hood 23 of the annular-gap nozzle with a closed front surface and placing it on the blank of the nozzle-carrying body 41 of the bundle nozzle.
• the passage bores for the individual nozzles on the front surface of the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle can be introduced with a position of the bore axes which coincide with the position of the central longitudinal axes of the individual nozzles 46, 47 to be installed later.
• the individual bores are driven through the front surface of the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle into the nozzle support body 41, so that a perfect alignment of the center longitudinal axes of the individual nozzles and the axes of the individual annular gap openings is ensured.
• FIG. 4 shows a multi-hole nozzle 43 according to the invention. As in the bundle nozzle 45, which is shown in FIG.
• the axes 44 of the individual beams or the associated bores 8 are arranged in such a twisted fashion about the main longitudinal axis 16 and inclined in two planes to this main longitudinal axis 16, which the individual beams 18 can propagate in the gas space 42 largely without interaction with each other.
• the baffle plate 11 for which different geometries come into question, at the mixing chamber inlet part 20.
• many concepts can be used in principle come.
• the conical front portion 19 of the multi-hole nozzle can be made with the individual nozzle holes as the nozzle center body 50, which is inserted into a conical cap 52 same opening angle, which is shown schematically in Fig. 5.
• the conical nozzle central body 50 can then also represent a configuration in the manner of a helical bevel gear, wherein cutouts 54 replace the holes 8.
• this multi-hole nozzle 43 can be equipped as shown in FIG. 4 with a nozzle hood 23 of an annular gap nozzle.
• a non-illustrated in Fig. 4 the annular gap nozzle outside surrounded Schleierluftdüse could be provided.
• the liquid 1 is thus injected in a known manner into a mixing chamber 7 or divided on a baffle surface 11 into relatively large primary drops 9.
• compressed air is introduced in the same mixing chamber 7 and compressed air is introduced.
• This compressed air takes the primary droplets with it, and in the strongly accelerating passage through the outlet channels 8, the primary droplets are divided into smaller droplets.
• the outlet channels 8 are arranged around the main axis 16 in such a way that the focus of the individual droplet jets 18 lies approximately in the nozzle outlet plane, as was described in detail in the bundle nozzle 45 according to FIG. 3, but still within the front section 19 or mouthpiece.
• outlet channels in the manner of the grooves are arranged on a helical bevel gear whose smaller diameter lies in the nozzle outlet opening and in which the fluid emerges via the channels between the adjacent teeth.
• the said channels have indeed been produced as shown in FIG. 5 by cutouts 54 on the conical nozzle central body 50, as in the production of helical bevel gears of the FaII is.
• the holes 8 of the multi-hole nozzle are of circular design, it may be advantageous to insert short tubes into the outlet holes 8. As with the bundle nozzles, a narrow annular gap configuration for the supply of the gap air can be achieved in this way. In this case, the nozzle hood 23 of the annular gap nozzle would then have passage openings adapted in its front surface to the outer dimensions of the inserted tubes.
• I liquid to be atomized 2 central lance tube for the liquid supply to the head of the bundle nozzle or to the multi-hole nozzle

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• 2007
  • 2007-09-17 DE DE102007044272A patent/DE102007044272A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2008
  • 2008-09-16 ES ES08802252T patent/ES2384128T3/es active Active
  • 2008-09-16 PL PL08802252T patent/PL2190587T3/pl unknown
  • 2008-09-16 US US12/733,715 patent/US8672241B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-09-16 WO PCT/EP2008/007722 patent/WO2009036947A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2008-09-16 AT AT08802252T patent/ATE553848T1/de active
  • 2008-09-16 EP EP08802252A patent/EP2190587B1/fr not_active Not-in-force

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