EP1564482A1 - Projection-type vehicle headlamp comprising a shade made of transparent material - Google Patents

Projection-type vehicle headlamp comprising a shade made of transparent material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1564482A1
EP1564482A1 EP05290257A EP05290257A EP1564482A1 EP 1564482 A1 EP1564482 A1 EP 1564482A1 EP 05290257 A EP05290257 A EP 05290257A EP 05290257 A EP05290257 A EP 05290257A EP 1564482 A1 EP1564482 A1 EP 1564482A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projector
screen
occultation
occulting
lighting
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05290257A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1564482B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Albou
Boris Wiegand
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Publication of EP1564482A1 publication Critical patent/EP1564482A1/en
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Publication of EP1564482B1 publication Critical patent/EP1564482B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/68—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on screens
    • F21S41/683—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on screens by moving screens
    • F21S41/695—Screens rotating around a vertical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projector of the type elliptical for a motor vehicle.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a motor vehicle headlamp, comprising a source luminous, an elliptical reflector of which a first focus is located near the source, a convergent lens a focal plane passes near a second focus of the reflector, and an occultation screen which is interposed axially, following the longitudinal optical axis of the headlamp, between the reflector and lens, and which delimits a cutoff profile in the beam light emitted by the source in order to create a beam regulation of rainy weather lighting including a area of lower illumination which is located below the cut.
  • the blackout screen constitutes a diaphragm whose edge forms the cutoff profile that is reproduced towards infinity, at the front of the vehicle, by the objective formed here through the lens, to form a lighting beam comprising a cut whose shape corresponds to the cutoff profile.
  • the diaphragm reproduced by the lens allows to obtain a limit darkness / clarity whose form is perfectly defined in according to the needs, with a sharpness or a desired blur.
  • Regulatory beam of rainy weather lighting has the particularity of having a cutoff profile identical to that of a regulatory beam of crossing and have a zone of less illumination which is located below of the cut, inside the lighting beam.
  • the regulation imposes a weakening of the illumination below the profile cut-off and to the left of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, in the case of a traffic on the right of the roadway.
  • the area of least illumination is intended to prevent the drivers traveling on the opposite lane are dazzled by the reflection of light rays on the left side of the roadway between the two vehicles traveling in opposite directions, in because of the wet condition of the roadway.
  • the elliptical projector is usually planned to make several regulatory lighting beams, in particular a conventional passing beam, since the lighting beam in rainy weather is only one special situation of circulation.
  • the elliptical headlamp is provided with at least a mobile occultation screen with several positions corresponding several regulatory light beams, including the beam lighting in rainy weather.
  • a screen is provided occultation tilting around a horizontal transverse axis between an occultation position and a retracted position.
  • This screen has a cutoff profile corresponding to a beam crossing regulation and a transverse tongue which is intended to form the area of least illumination corresponding to the lighting beam in rainy weather.
  • the tab is attached to the front of the screen and it extends vertically upward. Therefore, she trains, in the lighting beam, a zone of less illumination which extends to the break.
  • the lighting beam obtained is not entirely satisfactory because the tongue deteriorates the beam quality lighting near the cut.
  • defocused tab creates an unbalance on the mobile screen.
  • the presence of this unbalance is particularly troublesome in a projector having a drum rotatably mounted about an inclined axis in the longitudinal plane, such as the conical drum which is described in FR-A-2.815.310.
  • the unbalance effect produced by the tongue defocused on the pivoting part can be a source of vibrations in the projector and it may cause wear premature engine that drives the drum.
  • the presence of the defocused tab can have space problems inside the projector, and in particular mechanical interference, depending on the different angular positions occupied by the screen occultation.
  • the aim of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by offering a simple, effective and economical solution.
  • the invention proposes a projector of the type previously described, characterized in that the blackout screen has at least one generally transverse portion which is made of transparent material and which extends over the cutoff profile, and in that this transparent portion of the blanking screen has a zone of less transparency which forms the zone of least illumination in the beam regulatory lighting.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 there is shown a projector 10 for a motor vehicle which is produced in accordance with teachings of the invention.
  • the projector 10 comprises a light source 12 and a reflector 14 of the elliptical type.
  • the light source 12 is arranged globally at first focus of the elliptical reflector 14.
  • a longitudinal optical axis is defined without limitation A1 which is oriented from the rear to the front, following the direction lighting of the projector 10, which corresponds to an orientation from left to right considering Figure 1.
  • the projector 10 has at the front a lens holder 16 which is attached to the front axial peripheral end edge 15 of the reflector 14.
  • a convergent lens 18 is mounted in the opening arranged at the forward axial end of the lens holder 16.
  • the lens 18 is partially shown in the figures.
  • the focal plane of lens 18 is located globally at near a second focus of the reflector 14.
  • the reflector 14 and the lens holder 16 here constitute a frame of the projector 10.
  • the projector 10 can furthermore include a housing (not shown) closing the frame and be protected by a protective glass (not shown).
  • the projector 10 has a fixed screen, which will be called mask 20, shaped curved plate.
  • the mask 20 is fixed rigidly to the frame, here by means of two transverse fastening tabs 22, 24.
  • Each leg of 22, 24 is here clamped axially between a portion of the edge front device 15 of the reflector 14 and a portion of the edge device 26 vis-à-vis the lens holder 16.
  • the mask 20 has a shaped vertical generator of arc of circle, whose center of curvature is arranged on the axis A1 at the front of the projector.
  • mask 20, in horizontal axial section, generally follows the field curvature of the lens 18, and the mask 20 extends to near the focal plane of the lens 18.
  • the mask 20 preferably extends over the entire width transverse of the reflector 14, and it extends vertically mainly in the lower half of the reflector 14.
  • the upper edge 28 of the mask 20 comprises a cutout 29 centered on the optical axis A1 whose transverse width broadly corresponds to the cross-sectional width of the area useful focal point for the realization of lighting beams.
  • the substantially horizontal upper edge of the blank 29 of the mask 20 extends at a determined vertical distance under the optical axis A1, so that the mask 20 obscures the majority of the light rays emitted in the reflector 14 under the optical axis A1, and let some of these rays pass between the upper edge of the cutout 29 and the optical axis A1.
  • the projector 10 comprises a screen occultation 30 which is interposed axially, along the optical axis A1, between the reflector 14 and the lens 18, and delimits at least one cutoff profile 32, 34 in the beam light emitted by the source 12 in order to produce a beam regulation of rainy weather lighting said rain beam Fp.
  • the occultation screen 30 is arranged at the front of the mask 20, so that it extends at least partly in the plane focal point of the lens 18.
  • the occultation screen 30 and the mask 20 are provided for cooperate together to form the rain beam Fp.
  • the occultation screen 30 is designed to obscure selectively part of the light rays emitted over the upper edge of the cutout 29 of the mask 20.
  • the screen occultation 30 has two cutoff profiles 32, 34 adjacent which correspond respectively to two beams regulatory lighting, here a rain beam Fp and a beam of low beam, said passing beam Fc.
  • the occulting screen 30 is pivotally mounted around an A2 axis contained globally in a longitudinal plane vertical, and slightly inclined relative to the vertical direction an angle between zero and forty-five degrees.
  • the occultation screen 30 pivots here between a first angular position, which is shown in Figure 2, in which the projector 10 carries the rain beam Fp, and a second angular position in which the projector 10 realizes the passing beam Fc.
  • the screen occultation 30 is made of transparent material.
  • the occultation screen 30 is generally in the shape of a blade curved transparent having a generator, along the axis of pivoting A2, in the shape of an arc of a circle, so that the curvature of the screen 30 generally follows the field curvature of the lens 18.
  • the occultation screen 30 has a lower portion blackout 36 and an upper portion 38 which passes the light rays emitted by the source 12.
  • the occulting lower portion 36 is made here by the deposition of an opaque material, for example aluminum, on least one face 40, 42 generally transverse of the screen 30.
  • the opaque material is deposited on both generally transverse faces 40, 42 of the screen 30.
  • the upper edge 44 of the occulting portion 36 draws the two cutoff profiles 32, 34 of the illumination beams Fp, Fc associated with the screen 30.
  • Part of the occulting portion 36 extends here under height of the upper edge of the cutout 29 of the mask 20, way that no light ray can reach the lens 18 passing between the upper edge of the cutout 29 and the edge bottom of the occulting portion 36.
  • the upper portion 38 of the occultation screen 30 extends globally vertically to the top of the focal zone useful, with respect to the lens 18, so that all the rays luminous which serve to construct the projected lighting beam by the lens 18 pass through the transparent upper portion 38.
  • the occultation screen 30 can be divided geometrically into two angular sectors 46, 48, relative to the pivot axis A2, which are substantially of the same circumferential dimension.
  • a first angular sector 46 has the profile of cutoff 32 corresponding to the rain beam Fp and a second angular sector 48 has the cutoff profile 34 corresponding to the passing beam Fc.
  • the cutoff profile 32 of the first sector angular 46 is substantially centered on the optical axis A1.
  • the first angular position corresponds to a position said active of the first angular sector 46 and at a position called retracted from the second angular sector 48, the projector 10 realizing the rain beam Fp.
  • the first angular sector 46 has a zone of lesser transparency 50 planned to form the zone of lower illumination Z in the rain beam Fp.
  • the zone of least transparency 50 is arranged on the front face 42 of the first angular sector 46, above the first cutoff profile 32.
  • the zone of lesser transparency 50 has a deposit of opaque material, for example likewise nature that the one forming the occulting lower portion 36, density determined so as to let some light rays that reach the area of less transparency 50.
  • the density of opaque material present in the zone of lesser transparency 50 must therefore be less than density of opaque material arranged in the occulting portion 36.
  • the area of less transparency 50 creates in the rain beam Fp a zone Z1 having illumination of intensity less than the illumination adjacent areas, without producing a gray area extending until the break.
  • the second angular sector 48 of the occultation screen 30 has a cutoff profile 34 corresponding to a beam of crossing Fc. Unlike the first angular sector 46, it is therefore devoid of a zone of less transparency.
  • the cutoff profile 34 the second angular sector 48 is substantially centered on the axis A1 optical.
  • the second angular position corresponds to a position said active second angular sector 48 and at a position called retracted from the first angular sector 46, the projector 10 realizing the passing beam Fc.
  • the occultation screen 30 is here provided, at its end lower 52, a fixing plate 54 which extends in a plane radial axis, relative to the pivot axis A2, which is fixed on the upper free end 56 of the drive shaft 58 of a electric motor 60.
  • the drive shaft 58 here constitutes the pivot axis A2 of the occultation screen 30.
  • the fixing plate 56 is made of a single piece with the occultation screen 30.
  • the projector 10 By controlling the pivoting of the occultation screen 30 towards one of its two defined angular positions, the projector 10 thus realizes either a rain beam Fp, or a passing beam Fc.
  • the layout of the zone of least transparency 50 on the front face 42 of the screen 30 makes it possible to shift the zone of less transparency 50 forward, the thickness of the screen 30, with respect to the focal plane of the lens 18 which is located at neighborhood of the rear face 40 of the screen 30, so that the area lesser transparency 50 is defocused and creates a zone of lesser illumination Z1 of blurred outline. This allows to achieve a relatively gradual transition of intensity of illumination between the zone of less illumination and the zone adjacent beam Fp in which the intensity of illumination is superior.
  • the zone of lesser transparency 50 according to the invention allows precise and easy control of the characteristics photometric rain beam Fp.
  • each face 40, 42 of the occulting screen 30 It is not essential to deposit the opaque material on each face 40, 42 of the occulting screen 30 to achieve the occulting lower portion.
  • the deposit of material opaque on both sides 40, 42 reduces the cutoff chromatism, that is to say the presence of a light colored around the cut in the lighting beam Fp, Fc, which is due to the axial shift of the focal plane of the lens 18 according to the wavelength of the light rays considered.
  • the zone of lesser transparency 50 can it can also be achieved by depositing opaque material on two faces 40, 42 of the occultation screen, in order to limit the chromatic effects, particularly around the periphery of the less transparency 50.
  • the layer of opaque material may be constituted by a metal deposit, for example based on aluminum, or by ink.
  • the zone of lesser transparency 50 may be constituted by a substantially uniform deposit, or by a frame of dots or small patterns.
  • the zone of lesser transparency 50 can be achieved by a treatment of the surface of the transparent material constituting the occultation screen 30, for example by frosting, or by the making dents or hollows.
  • Surface treatment can optimize the photometry of the rain beam Fp in deflecting the light rays received by the area of least transparency 50 to a zone of the rain beam Fp requiring more light intensity.
  • the invention applies to other types occultation screens (not shown), in particular on a screen occultation flapping around a substantially transverse axis, such as those described in FR-A-2,831,497, or to a shading screen in the form of a disc transverse to the axis A1 optical and pivoted about a longitudinal axis.
  • the blackout screen can be limited in height to the height of cutting edges 32, 34.
  • it comprises a portion transparent tooth-shaped or transverse tongue vertical, which extends upwards from the cutoff edge 32 corresponding to the rain beam Fp.
  • the free end of this transparent portion then comprises the deposition of opaque material forming the zone of least transparency 50.
  • the transparent portion in form tooth can be made of semi-transparent ceramic.
  • an occultation screen 30 which comprises a transparent upper portion crossed by all light rays forming the lighting beam, is to avoid the presence of parasitic images of the edges of the transparent portion.
  • the occultation screen 30 may be made of tempered glass, or in a special glass mixture that may be suitable for operating constraints of the projector 10, particularly in which concerns the vibrations and the temperature.
  • the occultation screen 30 can also be made of "glass porous ", that is to say a type of glass obtained from a gel of silica and having interstices to reduce its Volumic mass.
  • glass porous that is to say a type of glass obtained from a gel of silica and having interstices to reduce its Volumic mass.
  • Such a type of material 30 allows in particular to minimize the mass of the occultation screen 30, so reduce its inertia, and it helps reduce light loss by glassy reflection, because of the low refractive index of this material.
  • the inclination of the pivot axis A2 limits the size of the screen occultation 30 in the projector 10. Moreover, thanks to this inclination, the angular sector 46, 48 which occupies its position retracted is lower than the angular sector 46, 48 which occupies its active position, so that the angular sector 46, 48 retracted is under the path of the light rays forming the lighting beam Fp, Fc.
  • the invention has been described with an occultation screen 30 having two cut profiles 32, 34.
  • the invention also applies to a projector 10 equipped with a screen occultation 30 having a single cutoff profile, or more than two cutoff profiles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)

Abstract

The projector has an occultation screen (30) including a transversal portion (38) which is made of a transparent material e.g. glass, and is traversed by a light beam. The portion (38) has a low transparency zone (50) which forms a low illumination zone in the light beam for adverse weather lighting. An opaque material is deposited on transversal sides (40, 42) of the portion (38) and has selected density and thickness.

Description

La présente invention concerne un projecteur du type elliptique pour véhicule automobile.The present invention relates to a projector of the type elliptical for a motor vehicle.

La présente invention concerne plus particulièrement un projecteur pour véhicule automobile, comprenant une source lumineuse, un réflecteur du type elliptique dont un premier foyer est situé au voisinage de la source, une lentille convergente dont un plan focal passe au voisinage d'un second foyer du réflecteur, et un écran d'occultation qui est intercalé axialement, suivant l'axe optique longitudinal du projecteur, entre le réflecteur et la lentille, et qui délimite un profil de coupure dans le faisceau lumineux émis par la source en vue de réaliser un faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage par temps pluvieux comportant une zone de moindre éclairement qui est située au-dessous de la coupure.The present invention relates more particularly to a motor vehicle headlamp, comprising a source luminous, an elliptical reflector of which a first focus is located near the source, a convergent lens a focal plane passes near a second focus of the reflector, and an occultation screen which is interposed axially, following the longitudinal optical axis of the headlamp, between the reflector and lens, and which delimits a cutoff profile in the beam light emitted by the source in order to create a beam regulation of rainy weather lighting including a area of lower illumination which is located below the cut.

Dans un projecteur elliptique, dit aussi projecteur à optique de reproduction d'images, l'écran d'occultation constitue un diaphragme dont un bord forme le profil de coupure qui est reproduit vers l'infini, à l'avant du véhicule, par l'objectif formé ici par la lentille, pour former un faisceau d'éclairage comportant une coupure dont la forme correspond au profil de coupure.In an elliptical projector, also called optical projector of image reproduction, the blackout screen constitutes a diaphragm whose edge forms the cutoff profile that is reproduced towards infinity, at the front of the vehicle, by the objective formed here through the lens, to form a lighting beam comprising a cut whose shape corresponds to the cutoff profile.

Le diaphragme reproduit par l'objectif permet d'obtenir une limite obscurité/clarté dont la forme est parfaitement définie en fonction des besoins, avec une grande netteté ou un flou voulu.The diaphragm reproduced by the lens allows to obtain a limit darkness / clarity whose form is perfectly defined in according to the needs, with a sharpness or a desired blur.

L'évolution récente de la réglementation a nécessité l'apport de perfectionnements aux projecteurs elliptiques classiques de manière qu'ils puissent réaliser des faisceaux d'éclairage spécifiques adaptés aux conditions de circulation, tels qu'un faisceau d'éclairage réglementaire pour la circulation par temps pluvieux dit "Adverse Weather Lighting" (AWL), un faisceau d'éclairage réglementaire pour la circulation en milieu urbain, un faisceau d'éclairage réglementaire pour la circulation sur autoroute, etc. Recent regulatory developments have required the contribution of improvements to elliptical floodlights classics so that they can make bundles specific lighting adapted to the traffic conditions, such as a regulatory lighting beam for circulation by rainy weather says "Adverse Weather Lighting" (AWL), a beam regulatory lighting for urban traffic, a regulatory lighting beam for traffic on highway, etc.

Le faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage par temps pluvieux présente la particularité de comporter un profil de coupure identique à celui d'un faisceau réglementaire de croisement et de comporter une zone de moindre éclairement qui est située au-dessous de la coupure, à l'intérieur du faisceau d'éclairage.Regulatory beam of rainy weather lighting has the particularity of having a cutoff profile identical to that of a regulatory beam of crossing and have a zone of less illumination which is located below of the cut, inside the lighting beam.

En effet, pour ce type de faisceau, la réglementation impose un affaiblissement de l'éclairement au-dessous du profil de coupure et à gauche de l'axe longitudinal du véhicule, dans le cas d'une circulation à droite de la chaussée.Indeed, for this type of beam, the regulation imposes a weakening of the illumination below the profile cut-off and to the left of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, in the case of a traffic on the right of the roadway.

La zone de moindre éclairement vise à éviter que les conducteurs circulant sur la voie opposée soient éblouis par la réflexion des rayons lumineux sur la partie gauche de la chaussée située entre les deux véhicules circulant en sens inverses, en raison de l'état mouillé de la chaussée.The area of least illumination is intended to prevent the drivers traveling on the opposite lane are dazzled by the reflection of light rays on the left side of the roadway between the two vehicles traveling in opposite directions, in because of the wet condition of the roadway.

Des projecteurs elliptiques ont déjà été proposés pour réaliser un tel faisceau d'éclairage réglementaire par temps pluvieux.Elliptical floodlights have already been proposed for achieve such a regulatory lighting beam by time rainy.

Dans le document FR-A-2.831.497, il a été proposé d'agencer une languette transversale en avant du plan focal de la lentille, de manière qu'elle soit défocalisée par rapport à la lentille, et qu'elle forme dans le faisceau d'éclairage une zone de moindre éclairement avec un contour relativement flou.In document FR-A-2,831,497, it has been proposed to arrange a transverse tongue forward of the focal plane of the lens, so that it is defocused in relation to the lens, and that it forms in the lighting beam a zone of less illumination with a relatively soft outline.

Cette solution n'est pas entièrement satisfaisante car la languette masque complètement une partie des rayons lumineux, de sorte que la zone de moindre éclairement a l'apparence d'une tâche sombre dans le faisceau d'éclairage. Cette tâche sombre peut être perçue de manière négative par le conducteur du véhicule que le projecteur équipe.This solution is not entirely satisfactory because the tongue completely masks a part of the light rays, so that the area of less illumination has the appearance of a dark task in the lighting beam. This dark task can be perceived negatively by the driver of the vehicle that the projector equips.

De plus, il est difficile de maítriser l'influence de la languette sur les rayons lumineux formant le faisceau d'éclairage, ce qui peut produire des anomalies dans la répartition lumineuse du faisceau.Moreover, it is difficult to control the influence of tongue on the light rays forming the lighting beam, which can produce anomalies in the light distribution beam.

D'autre part, le projecteur elliptique est généralement prévu pour réaliser plusieurs faisceaux d'éclairage réglementaire, notamment un faisceau de croisement classique, puisque le faisceau d'éclairage par temps pluvieux ne correspond qu'à une situation particulière de circulation.On the other hand, the elliptical projector is usually planned to make several regulatory lighting beams, in particular a conventional passing beam, since the lighting beam in rainy weather is only one special situation of circulation.

A cet effet, le projecteur elliptique est pourvu d'au moins un écran d'occultation mobile à plusieurs positions correspondant à plusieurs faisceaux d'éclairage réglementaires, dont le faisceau d'éclairage par temps pluvieux.For this purpose, the elliptical headlamp is provided with at least a mobile occultation screen with several positions corresponding several regulatory light beams, including the beam lighting in rainy weather.

Dans le document FR-A-2.831.497, il est prévu un écran d'occultation basculant autour d'un axe transversal horizontal entre une position d'occultation et une position escamotée. Cet écran comporte un profil de coupure correspondant à un faisceau réglementaire de croisement ainsi qu'une languette transversale qui est prévue pour former la zone de moindre éclairement correspondant au faisceau d'éclairage par temps pluvieux.In the document FR-A-2,831,497, a screen is provided occultation tilting around a horizontal transverse axis between an occultation position and a retracted position. This screen has a cutoff profile corresponding to a beam crossing regulation and a transverse tongue which is intended to form the area of least illumination corresponding to the lighting beam in rainy weather.

La languette est fixée sur la face avant de l'écran et elle s'étend verticalement vers le haut. Par conséquent, elle forme, dans le faisceau d'éclairage, une zone de moindre éclairement qui s'étend jusqu'à la coupure.The tab is attached to the front of the screen and it extends vertically upward. Therefore, she trains, in the lighting beam, a zone of less illumination which extends to the break.

Le faisceau d'éclairage obtenu n'est pas entièrement satisfaisant car la languette détériore la qualité du faisceau d'éclairage à proximité de la coupure.The lighting beam obtained is not entirely satisfactory because the tongue deteriorates the beam quality lighting near the cut.

Un autre inconvénient de la languette défocalisée est qu'elle crée un balourd sur l'écran mobile. La présence de ce balourd est particulièrement gênante dans un projecteur comportant un tambour monté à rotation autour d'un axe incliné dans le plan longitudinal, tel que le tambour de forme conique qui est décrit dans le document FR-A-2.815.310.Another disadvantage of the defocused tab is that it creates an unbalance on the mobile screen. The presence of this unbalance is particularly troublesome in a projector having a drum rotatably mounted about an inclined axis in the longitudinal plane, such as the conical drum which is described in FR-A-2.815.310.

En effet, l'effet de balourd produit par la languette défocalisée sur la pièce pivotante peut être une source de vibrations dans le projecteur et il peut provoquer une usure prématurée du moteur qui entraíne le tambour.Indeed, the unbalance effect produced by the tongue defocused on the pivoting part can be a source of vibrations in the projector and it may cause wear premature engine that drives the drum.

Par conséquent, cette solution n'est pas complètement satisfaisante et peut entraíner des problèmes de fiabilité du projecteur. Therefore, this solution is not completely satisfactory and may lead to reliability problems projector.

De plus, la présence de la languette défocalisée peut poser des problèmes d'encombrement à l'intérieur du projecteur, et notamment des interférences mécaniques, en fonction des différentes positions angulaires occupées par l'écran d'occultation.In addition, the presence of the defocused tab can have space problems inside the projector, and in particular mechanical interference, depending on the different angular positions occupied by the screen occultation.

L'invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant une solution simple, efficace et économique.The aim of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by offering a simple, effective and economical solution.

Dans ce but, l'invention propose un projecteur du type décrit précédemment, caractérisé en ce que l'écran d'occultation comporte au moins une portion globalement transversale qui est réalisée en matériau transparent et qui s'étend au-dessus du profil de coupure, et en ce que cette portion transparente de l'écran d'occultation comporte une zone de moindre transparence qui forme la zone de moindre éclairement dans le faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage.For this purpose, the invention proposes a projector of the type previously described, characterized in that the blackout screen has at least one generally transverse portion which is made of transparent material and which extends over the cutoff profile, and in that this transparent portion of the blanking screen has a zone of less transparency which forms the zone of least illumination in the beam regulatory lighting.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • la zone de moindre transparence comporte un dépôt de matériau opaque sur au moins une face transversale de la portion transparente ;
  • la zone de moindre transparence comporte un traitement de surface localisé appliqué sur au moins une face transversale de la portion transparente ;
  • l'écran d'occultation est réalisé entièrement en matériau transparent et comporte une partie occultante principale formée par le dépôt d'une couche de matériau opaque sur au moins l'une de ses faces transversales ;
  • la portion occultante principale comporte une couche de matériau opaque sur les deux faces transversales de l'écran d'occultation ;
  • la portion transparente s'étend globalement en largeur sur toute la longueur de la coupure et s'étend globalement en hauteur jusqu'à la limite supérieure de la zone focale utile, de sorte que la majorité du faisceau lumineux non occulté traverse nécessairement la portion transparente ;
  • l'écran d'occultation est mobile entre une position active dans laquelle l'écran occulte une partie des rayons lumineux émis par la source de manière que le projecteur réalise un faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage par temps pluvieux, et une position escamotée dans laquelle le projecteur réalise un autre faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage ;
  • le projecteur comporte un écran d'occultation fixe dit masque qui coopère avec l'écran mobile en position active de manière à former le faisceau d'éclairage réglementaire d'éclairage par temps pluvieux ;
  • l'écran d'occultation est monté à pivotement autour d'un axe contenu globalement dans un plan longitudinal, et l'axe de pivotement s'étend suivant une direction inclinée par rapport à la verticale d'un angle compris globalement entre zéro et quarante cinq degrés ;
  • l'écran d'occultation comporte plusieurs profils de coupure sensiblement adjacents qui correspondent respectivement à plusieurs faisceaux réglementaires d'éclairage ;
  • l'écran d'occultation est réalisé d'une seule pièce en matériau transparent et il a globalement la forme d'un secteur angulaire de tube centré sur l'axe de pivotement;
  • le matériau transparent est du verre.
According to other features of the invention:
  • the zone of lesser transparency comprises a deposition of opaque material on at least one transverse face of the transparent portion;
  • the zone of lesser transparency comprises a localized surface treatment applied to at least one transverse face of the transparent portion;
  • the occultation screen is made entirely of transparent material and comprises a main occulting part formed by the deposition of a layer of opaque material on at least one of its transverse faces;
  • the main occulting portion comprises a layer of opaque material on both transverse faces of the occultation screen;
  • the transparent portion extends generally in width over the entire length of the cut and extends generally in height to the upper limit of the useful focal zone, so that the majority of the unobstructed light beam necessarily passes through the transparent portion ;
  • the occultation screen is movable between an active position in which the screen obscures part of the light rays emitted by the source so that the projector realizes a regulation light beam in rainy weather, and a retracted position in which the projector achieves another regulatory lighting beam;
  • the projector comprises a fixed blanking screen said mask which cooperates with the mobile screen in the active position so as to form the lighting regulatory lighting beam in rainy weather;
  • the occultation screen is pivotally mounted about an axis contained generally in a longitudinal plane, and the pivot axis extends in a direction inclined relative to the vertical of an angle generally between zero and forty five degrees;
  • the occultation screen has several substantially adjacent cutoff profiles corresponding respectively to several lighting regulatory beams;
  • the occultation screen is made of a single piece of transparent material and generally has the shape of an angular sector of tube centered on the pivot axis;
  • the transparent material is glass.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue suivant le plan de coupe 1-1 qui représente schématiquement un projecteur elliptique équipé d'un écran d'occultation conforme aux enseignements de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue partiellement suivant le plan de coupe 2-2 qui représente schématiquement le projecteur de la figure 1 lorsque l'écran d'occultation occupe une première position angulaire ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de face qui représente schématiquement l'écran d'occultation de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est un schéma qui illustre un faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage par temps pluvieux produit par le projecteur de la figure 1.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings among which:
  • Figure 1 is a view along the sectional plane 1-1 which schematically shows an elliptical projector equipped with an occultation screen according to the teachings of the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a view partly in section plane 2-2 which schematically shows the projector of Figure 1 when the occultation screen occupies a first angular position;
  • Figure 3 is a front view which schematically shows the blackout screen of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a regulation beam of rainy weather lighting produced by the projector of FIG. 1.

Pour la description de l'invention, on adoptera à titre non limitatif les orientations verticale, longitudinale et transversale selon le repère V, L, T indiqué aux figures.For the description of the invention, it will be adopted as a non limiting the vertical, longitudinal and transverse orientations according to the reference V, L, T indicated in the figures.

Dans la description qui va suivre, des éléments identiques, similaires ou analogues seront désignés par les mêmes chiffres de référence.In the following description, identical elements, similar or similar will be designated by the same figures reference.

Sur les figures 1 et 2, on a représenté un projecteur 10 pour véhicule automobile qui est réalisé conformément aux enseignements de l'invention.In Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a projector 10 for a motor vehicle which is produced in accordance with teachings of the invention.

De manière classique, le projecteur 10 comporte une source lumineuse 12 et un réflecteur 14 du type elliptique.In a conventional manner, the projector 10 comprises a light source 12 and a reflector 14 of the elliptical type.

La source lumineuse 12 est agencée globalement au premier foyer du réflecteur elliptique 14.The light source 12 is arranged globally at first focus of the elliptical reflector 14.

On définit à titre non limitatif un axe optique longitudinal A1 qui est orienté de l'arrière vers l'avant, suivant la direction d'éclairage du projecteur 10, ce qui correspond à une orientation de la gauche vers la droite en considérant la figure 1.A longitudinal optical axis is defined without limitation A1 which is oriented from the rear to the front, following the direction lighting of the projector 10, which corresponds to an orientation from left to right considering Figure 1.

Le projecteur 10 comporte à l'avant un porte-lentille 16 qui est fixé sur le bord périphérique d'extrémité axiale avant 15 du réflecteur 14.The projector 10 has at the front a lens holder 16 which is attached to the front axial peripheral end edge 15 of the reflector 14.

Une lentille convergente 18 est montée dans l'ouverture aménagée à l'extrémité axiale avant du porte-lentille 16.A convergent lens 18 is mounted in the opening arranged at the forward axial end of the lens holder 16.

La lentille 18 est représentée partiellement sur les figures.The lens 18 is partially shown in the figures.

Le plan focal de la lentille 18 est situé globalement au voisinage d'un second foyer du réflecteur 14.The focal plane of lens 18 is located globally at near a second focus of the reflector 14.

Le réflecteur 14 et le porte-lentille 16 constituent ici un bâti du projecteur 10. The reflector 14 and the lens holder 16 here constitute a frame of the projector 10.

Bien entendu, le projecteur 10 peut en outre comprendre un boítier (non représenté) refermant le bâti et être protégé par une glace de protection (non représentée).Of course, the projector 10 can furthermore include a housing (not shown) closing the frame and be protected by a protective glass (not shown).

Le projecteur 10 comporte un écran fixe, qui sera appelé masque 20, en forme de plaque cintrée.The projector 10 has a fixed screen, which will be called mask 20, shaped curved plate.

Le masque 20 est fixé rigidement au bâti, ici au moyen de deux pattes de fixation transversales 22, 24. Chaque patte de fixation 22, 24 est ici serrée axialement entre une portion du bord périphérique avant 15 du réflecteur 14 et une portion du bord périphérique 26 en vis-à-vis du porte-lentille 16.The mask 20 is fixed rigidly to the frame, here by means of two transverse fastening tabs 22, 24. Each leg of 22, 24 is here clamped axially between a portion of the edge front device 15 of the reflector 14 and a portion of the edge device 26 vis-à-vis the lens holder 16.

Le masque 20 admet une génératrice verticale en forme d'arc de cercle, dont le centre de courbure est agencé sur l'axe optique A1 à l'avant du projecteur 10. Le profil en courbe du masque 20, en section axiale horizontale, suit globalement la courbure de champ de la lentille 18, et le masque 20 s'étend au voisinage du plan focal de la lentille 18.The mask 20 has a shaped vertical generator of arc of circle, whose center of curvature is arranged on the axis A1 at the front of the projector. mask 20, in horizontal axial section, generally follows the field curvature of the lens 18, and the mask 20 extends to near the focal plane of the lens 18.

Le masque 20 s'étend de préférence sur toute la largeur transversale du réflecteur 14, et il s'étend verticalement principalement dans la moitié inférieure du réflecteur 14.The mask 20 preferably extends over the entire width transverse of the reflector 14, and it extends vertically mainly in the lower half of the reflector 14.

Le bord supérieur 28 du masque 20 comporte une découpe 29 centrée sur l'axe optique A1 dont la largeur transversale correspond globalement à la largeur transversale de la zone focale utile pour la réalisation des faisceaux d'éclairage.The upper edge 28 of the mask 20 comprises a cutout 29 centered on the optical axis A1 whose transverse width broadly corresponds to the cross-sectional width of the area useful focal point for the realization of lighting beams.

Le bord supérieur sensiblement horizontal de la découpe 29 du masque 20 s'étend à une distance verticale déterminée sous l'axe optique A1, de manière que le masque 20 occulte la majorité des rayons lumineux émis dans le réflecteur 14 sous l'axe optique A1, et qu'il laisse passer une partie de ces rayons lumineux entre le bord supérieur de la découpe 29 et l'axe optique A1.The substantially horizontal upper edge of the blank 29 of the mask 20 extends at a determined vertical distance under the optical axis A1, so that the mask 20 obscures the majority of the light rays emitted in the reflector 14 under the optical axis A1, and let some of these rays pass between the upper edge of the cutout 29 and the optical axis A1.

De manière classique, le projecteur 10 comporte un écran d'occultation 30 qui est intercalé axialement, suivant l'axe optique longitudinal A1, entre le réflecteur 14 et la lentille 18, et qui délimite au moins un profil de coupure 32, 34 dans le faisceau lumineux émis par la source 12 en vue de réaliser un faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage par temps pluvieux dit faisceau de pluie Fp.In a conventional manner, the projector 10 comprises a screen occultation 30 which is interposed axially, along the optical axis A1, between the reflector 14 and the lens 18, and delimits at least one cutoff profile 32, 34 in the beam light emitted by the source 12 in order to produce a beam regulation of rainy weather lighting said rain beam Fp.

L'écran d'occultation 30 est agencé à l'avant du masque 20, de manière qu'il s'étende au moins en partie dans le plan focal de la lentille 18.The occultation screen 30 is arranged at the front of the mask 20, so that it extends at least partly in the plane focal point of the lens 18.

L'écran d'occultation 30 et le masque 20 sont prévus pour coopérer ensemble de manière à former le faisceau de pluie Fp. A cet effet, l'écran d'occultation 30 est prévu pour occulter sélectivement une partie des rayons lumineux émis au-dessus du bord supérieur de la découpe 29 du masque 20.The occultation screen 30 and the mask 20 are provided for cooperate together to form the rain beam Fp. AT this effect, the occultation screen 30 is designed to obscure selectively part of the light rays emitted over the upper edge of the cutout 29 of the mask 20.

Selon le mode de réalisation représenté ici, l'écran d'occultation 30 comporte deux profils de coupure 32, 34 adjacents qui correspondent respectivement à deux faisceaux réglementaire d'éclairage, ici un faisceau de pluie Fp et un faisceau de feux de croisement dit faisceau de croisement Fc.According to the embodiment shown here, the screen occultation 30 has two cutoff profiles 32, 34 adjacent which correspond respectively to two beams regulatory lighting, here a rain beam Fp and a beam of low beam, said passing beam Fc.

De plus, l'écran d'occultation 30 est monté à pivotement autour d'un axe A2 contenu globalement dans un plan longitudinal vertical, et légèrement incliné par rapport à la direction verticale d'un angle compris entre zéro et quarante-cinq degrés.In addition, the occulting screen 30 is pivotally mounted around an A2 axis contained globally in a longitudinal plane vertical, and slightly inclined relative to the vertical direction an angle between zero and forty-five degrees.

L'écran d'occultation 30 pivote ici entre une première position angulaire, qui est représentée sur la figure 2, dans laquelle le projecteur 10 réalise le faisceau de pluie Fp, et une seconde position angulaire dans laquelle le projecteur 10 réalise le faisceau de croisement Fc.The occultation screen 30 pivots here between a first angular position, which is shown in Figure 2, in which the projector 10 carries the rain beam Fp, and a second angular position in which the projector 10 realizes the passing beam Fc.

Conformément aux enseignements de l'invention, l'écran d'occultation 30 est réalisé en matériau transparent.In accordance with the teachings of the invention, the screen occultation 30 is made of transparent material.

L'écran d'occultation 30 a globalement la forme d'une lame transparente cintrée comportant une génératrice, suivant l'axe de pivotement A2, en forme d'arc de cercle, de sorte que la courbure de l'écran 30 suit globalement la courbure de champ de la lentille 18. The occultation screen 30 is generally in the shape of a blade curved transparent having a generator, along the axis of pivoting A2, in the shape of an arc of a circle, so that the curvature of the screen 30 generally follows the field curvature of the lens 18.

L'écran d'occultation 30 comporte une portion inférieure occultante 36 et une portion supérieure 38 qui laisse passer les rayons lumineux émis par la source 12.The occultation screen 30 has a lower portion blackout 36 and an upper portion 38 which passes the light rays emitted by the source 12.

La portion inférieure occultante 36 est réalisée ici par le dépôt d'un matériau opaque, par exemple de l'aluminium, sur au moins une face 40, 42 globalement transversale de l'écran 30.The occulting lower portion 36 is made here by the deposition of an opaque material, for example aluminum, on least one face 40, 42 generally transverse of the screen 30.

De préférence, le matériau opaque est déposé sur les deux faces globalement transversales 40, 42 de l'écran 30.Preferably, the opaque material is deposited on both generally transverse faces 40, 42 of the screen 30.

On désigne ici par face transversale arrière 40, et par face transversale avant 42 de l'écran d'occultation 30, les faces respectivement convexe et concave de l'écran d'occultation 30, bien que ces faces 40, 42 ne soient pas réellement transversales à l'axe optique A1.Here we designate by rear transverse face 40, and by face transverse front 42 of the occultation screen 30, the faces respectively convex and concave of the occultation screen 30, although these faces 40, 42 are not really transverse to the optical axis A1.

Le bord supérieur 44 de la portion occultante 36 dessine les deux profils de coupure 32, 34 des faisceaux d'éclairage Fp, Fc associés à l'écran 30.The upper edge 44 of the occulting portion 36 draws the two cutoff profiles 32, 34 of the illumination beams Fp, Fc associated with the screen 30.

Une partie de la portion occultante 36 s'étend ici sous la hauteur du bord supérieur de la découpe 29 du masque 20, de manière qu'aucun rayon lumineux ne puisse atteindre la lentille 18 en passant entre le bord supérieur de la découpe 29 et le bord inférieur de la portion occultante 36.Part of the occulting portion 36 extends here under height of the upper edge of the cutout 29 of the mask 20, way that no light ray can reach the lens 18 passing between the upper edge of the cutout 29 and the edge bottom of the occulting portion 36.

La portion supérieure 38 de l'écran d'occultation 30 s'étend globalement verticalement jusqu'au sommet de la zone focale utile, par rapport à la lentille 18, de manière que tous les rayons lumineux qui servent à construire le faisceau d'éclairage projeté par la lentille 18 traversent la portion supérieure transparente 38.The upper portion 38 of the occultation screen 30 extends globally vertically to the top of the focal zone useful, with respect to the lens 18, so that all the rays luminous which serve to construct the projected lighting beam by the lens 18 pass through the transparent upper portion 38.

En se référant notamment à la figure 3, on constate que l'écran d'occultation 30 peut être divisé géométriquement en deux secteurs angulaires 46, 48, relativement à l'axe de pivotement A2, qui sont sensiblement de même dimension circonférentielle.Referring in particular to Figure 3, it can be seen that the occultation screen 30 can be divided geometrically into two angular sectors 46, 48, relative to the pivot axis A2, which are substantially of the same circumferential dimension.

Un premier secteur angulaire 46 comporte le profil de coupure 32 correspondant au faisceau de pluie Fp et un second secteur angulaire 48 comporte le profil de coupure 34 correspondant au faisceau de croisement Fc. A first angular sector 46 has the profile of cutoff 32 corresponding to the rain beam Fp and a second angular sector 48 has the cutoff profile 34 corresponding to the passing beam Fc.

Dans la première position angulaire, qui est représentée sur la figure 2, le profil de coupure 32 du premier secteur angulaire 46 est sensiblement centré sur l'axe optique A1.In the first angular position, which is represented in FIG. 2, the cutoff profile 32 of the first sector angular 46 is substantially centered on the optical axis A1.

La première position angulaire correspond à une position dite active du premier secteur angulaire 46 et à une position dite escamotée du second secteur angulaire 48, le projecteur 10 réalisant le faisceau de pluie Fp.The first angular position corresponds to a position said active of the first angular sector 46 and at a position called retracted from the second angular sector 48, the projector 10 realizing the rain beam Fp.

Conformément aux enseignements de l'invention, pour pouvoir produire un faisceau de pluie Fp, lorsque l'écran d'occultation 30 occupe sa première position angulaire, le premier secteur angulaire 46 comporte une zone de moindre transparence 50 prévue pour former la zone de moindre éclairement Z dans le faisceau de pluie Fp.In accordance with the teachings of the invention, for can produce a rain beam Fp, when the screen occultation 30 occupies its first angular position, the first angular sector 46 has a zone of lesser transparency 50 planned to form the zone of lower illumination Z in the rain beam Fp.

De préférence, la zone de moindre transparence 50 est agencée sur la face avant 42 du premier secteur angulaire 46, au-dessus du premier profil de coupure 32.Preferably, the zone of least transparency 50 is arranged on the front face 42 of the first angular sector 46, above the first cutoff profile 32.

Avantageusement, la zone de moindre transparence 50 comporte un dépôt de matériau opaque, par exemple de même nature que celui qui forme la portion inférieure occultante 36, d'une densité déterminée de manière à laisser passer une partie des rayons lumineux qui atteignent la zone de moindre transparence 50. La densité de matériau opaque présente dans la zone de moindre transparence 50 doit donc être inférieure à la densité de matériau opaque agencée dans la portion occultante 36.Advantageously, the zone of lesser transparency 50 has a deposit of opaque material, for example likewise nature that the one forming the occulting lower portion 36, density determined so as to let some light rays that reach the area of less transparency 50. The density of opaque material present in the zone of lesser transparency 50 must therefore be less than density of opaque material arranged in the occulting portion 36.

Ainsi, comme l'illustre la figure 4, la zone de moindre transparence 50 crée dans le faisceau de pluie Fp une zone Z1 comportant un éclairement d'intensité inférieure à l'éclairement des zones adjacentes, sans produire une zone d'ombre s'étendant jusqu'à la coupure.Thus, as illustrated in Figure 4, the area of less transparency 50 creates in the rain beam Fp a zone Z1 having illumination of intensity less than the illumination adjacent areas, without producing a gray area extending until the break.

Le second secteur angulaire 48 de l'écran d'occultation 30 comporte un profil de coupure 34 correspondant à un faisceau de croisement Fc. Contrairement au premier secteur angulaire 46, elle est donc dépourvue d'une zone de moindre transparence. The second angular sector 48 of the occultation screen 30 has a cutoff profile 34 corresponding to a beam of crossing Fc. Unlike the first angular sector 46, it is therefore devoid of a zone of less transparency.

Dans la seconde position angulaire, le profil de coupure 34 du second secteur angulaire 48 est sensiblement centré sur l'axe optique A1.In the second angular position, the cutoff profile 34 the second angular sector 48 is substantially centered on the axis A1 optical.

La seconde position angulaire correspond à une position dite active du second secteur angulaire 48 et à une position dite escamotée du premier secteur angulaire 46, le projecteur 10 réalisant le faisceau de croisement Fc.The second angular position corresponds to a position said active second angular sector 48 and at a position called retracted from the first angular sector 46, the projector 10 realizing the passing beam Fc.

L'écran d'occultation 30 est ici pourvu, à son extrémité inférieure 52, d'une plaque de fixation 54 qui s'étend dans un plan radial, par rapport à l'axe pivotement A2, et qui est fixée sur l'extrémité libre supérieure 56 de l'arbre d'entraínement 58 d'un moteur électrique 60.The occultation screen 30 is here provided, at its end lower 52, a fixing plate 54 which extends in a plane radial axis, relative to the pivot axis A2, which is fixed on the upper free end 56 of the drive shaft 58 of a electric motor 60.

L'arbre d'entraínement 58 constitue ici l'axe de pivotement A2 de l'écran d'occultation 30.The drive shaft 58 here constitutes the pivot axis A2 of the occultation screen 30.

De préférence, la plaque de fixation 56 est réalisée d'une seule pièce avec l'écran d'occultation 30.Preferably, the fixing plate 56 is made of a single piece with the occultation screen 30.

En commandant le pivotement de l'écran d'occultation 30 vers l'une de ses deux positions angulaires déterminées, le projecteur 10 réalise donc soit un faisceau de pluie Fp, soit un faisceau de croisement Fc.By controlling the pivoting of the occultation screen 30 towards one of its two defined angular positions, the projector 10 thus realizes either a rain beam Fp, or a passing beam Fc.

L'agencement de la zone de moindre transparence 50 sur la face avant 42 de l'écran 30 permet de décaler la zone de moindre transparence 50 vers l'avant, de l'épaisseur de l'écran 30, par rapport au plan focal de la lentille 18 qui se situe au voisinage de la face arrière 40 de l'écran 30, de sorte que la zone de moindre transparence 50 est défocalisée et qu'elle crée une zone de moindre éclairement Z1 de contour flou. Ceci permet d'obtenir une transition relativement progressive de l'intensité d'éclairement entre la zone de moindre éclairement et la zone adjacente du faisceau Fp dans laquelle l'intensité d'éclairement est supérieure.The layout of the zone of least transparency 50 on the front face 42 of the screen 30 makes it possible to shift the zone of less transparency 50 forward, the thickness of the screen 30, with respect to the focal plane of the lens 18 which is located at neighborhood of the rear face 40 of the screen 30, so that the area lesser transparency 50 is defocused and creates a zone of lesser illumination Z1 of blurred outline. this allows to achieve a relatively gradual transition of intensity of illumination between the zone of less illumination and the zone adjacent beam Fp in which the intensity of illumination is superior.

La zone de moindre transparence 50 selon l'invention permet de contrôler précisément et facilement les caractéristiques photométriques du faisceau de pluie Fp. The zone of lesser transparency 50 according to the invention allows precise and easy control of the characteristics photometric rain beam Fp.

En effet, on peut contrôler la quantité de lumière qui est émise vers la zone de moindre éclairement Z1, par exemple en choisissant la densité et/ou l'épaisseur de matière opaque déposée dans la zone de moindre transparence 50, et/ou en dessinant dans la zone de moindre transparence 50 des motifs en matériau opaque qui laissent partiellement passer la lumière.Indeed, we can control the amount of light that is transmitted to the zone of lesser illumination Z1, for example in choosing the density and / or thickness of opaque material deposited in the zone of least transparency 50, and / or drawing in the area of least transparency 50 patterns in opaque material that partially let the light through.

On peut aussi contrôler facilement la forme et la localisation de la zone de moindre éclairement Z1 dans le faisceau de pluie Fp qui dépend directement de la forme et de la localisation de la zone de moindre transparence 50.We can also easily control the shape and location of the zone of least illumination Z1 in the Fp rain beam that depends directly on the shape and the location of the area of least transparency 50.

Il n'est pas indispensable de déposer la matière opaque sur chaque face 40, 42 de l'écran d'occultation 30 pour réaliser la portion inférieure occultante. Toutefois, le dépôt de matière opaque sur les deux faces 40, 42 permet de diminuer le chromatisme de coupure, c'est-à-dire la présence d'une lumière colorée au voisinage de la coupure dans le faisceau d'éclairage Fp, Fc, qui est due au décalage axial du plan focal de la lentille 18 suivant la longueur d'onde des rayons lumineux considérés.It is not essential to deposit the opaque material on each face 40, 42 of the occulting screen 30 to achieve the occulting lower portion. However, the deposit of material opaque on both sides 40, 42 reduces the cutoff chromatism, that is to say the presence of a light colored around the cut in the lighting beam Fp, Fc, which is due to the axial shift of the focal plane of the lens 18 according to the wavelength of the light rays considered.

Bien entendu, la zone de moindre transparence 50 peut elle aussi être réalisée par le dépôt de matière opaque sur les deux faces 40, 42 de l'écran d'occultation, afin de limiter les effets chromatiques, notamment sur le pourtour de la zone de moindre transparence 50.Of course, the zone of lesser transparency 50 can it can also be achieved by depositing opaque material on two faces 40, 42 of the occultation screen, in order to limit the chromatic effects, particularly around the periphery of the less transparency 50.

La couche de matériau opaque peut être constituée par un dépôt métallique, par exemple à base d'aluminium, ou par de l'encre.The layer of opaque material may be constituted by a metal deposit, for example based on aluminum, or by ink.

La zone de moindre transparence 50 peut être constituée par un dépôt sensiblement uniforme, ou bien par une trame de points ou de motifs de petites dimensions.The zone of lesser transparency 50 may be constituted by a substantially uniform deposit, or by a frame of dots or small patterns.

Selon une variante de réalisation (non représentée), la zone de moindre transparence 50 peut être réalisée par un traitement de la surface du matériau transparent constituant l'écran d'occultation 30, par exemple par dépolissage, ou par la réalisation de bosses ou de creux. Le traitement de surface peut permettre d'optimiser la photométrie du faisceau de pluie Fp en déviant les rayons lumineux reçus par la zone de moindre transparence 50 vers une zone du faisceau de pluie Fp nécessitant plus d'intensité lumineuse.According to an alternative embodiment (not represented), the zone of lesser transparency 50 can be achieved by a treatment of the surface of the transparent material constituting the occultation screen 30, for example by frosting, or by the making dents or hollows. Surface treatment can optimize the photometry of the rain beam Fp in deflecting the light rays received by the area of least transparency 50 to a zone of the rain beam Fp requiring more light intensity.

Bien entendu, l'invention s'applique à d'autres types d'écrans d'occultation (non représentés), notamment à un écran d'occultation basculant autour d'un axe sensiblement transversal, tel que ceux décrits dans le document FR-A-2.831.497, ou encore à un écran d'occultation en forme de disque transversal à l'axe optique A1 et monté pivotant autour d'un axe longitudinal.Of course, the invention applies to other types occultation screens (not shown), in particular on a screen occultation flapping around a substantially transverse axis, such as those described in FR-A-2,831,497, or to a shading screen in the form of a disc transverse to the axis A1 optical and pivoted about a longitudinal axis.

Selon une variante de réalisation (non représentée), l'écran d'occultation peut être limité en hauteur à la hauteur des bords de coupure 32, 34. Dans ce cas il comporte une portion transparente en forme de dent ou de languette transversale verticale, qui s'étend vers le haut à partir du bord de coupure 32 correspondant au faisceau de pluie Fp. L'extrémité libre de cette portion transparente comporte alors le dépôt de matière opaque formant la zone de moindre transparence 50.According to an alternative embodiment (not shown), the blackout screen can be limited in height to the height of cutting edges 32, 34. In this case it comprises a portion transparent tooth-shaped or transverse tongue vertical, which extends upwards from the cutoff edge 32 corresponding to the rain beam Fp. The free end of this transparent portion then comprises the deposition of opaque material forming the zone of least transparency 50.

Dans une telle variante, la portion transparente en forme de dent peut être réalisée en céramique semi-transparente.In such a variant, the transparent portion in form tooth can be made of semi-transparent ceramic.

L'avantage d'un écran d'occultation 30 qui comporte une portion supérieure transparente traversée par l'ensemble des rayons lumineux formant le faisceau d'éclairage, est d'éviter la présence d'images parasites des bords de la portion transparente.The advantage of an occultation screen 30 which comprises a transparent upper portion crossed by all light rays forming the lighting beam, is to avoid the presence of parasitic images of the edges of the transparent portion.

L'écran d'occultation 30 peut être réalisé en verre trempé, ou dans un mélange spécial de verre susceptible de convenir aux contraintes de fonctionnement du projecteur 10, notamment en ce qui concerne les vibrations et la température.The occultation screen 30 may be made of tempered glass, or in a special glass mixture that may be suitable for operating constraints of the projector 10, particularly in which concerns the vibrations and the temperature.

L'écran d'occultation 30 peut aussi être réalisé en "verre poreux", c'est-à-dire un type de verre obtenu à partir d'un gel de silice et comportant des interstices permettant de réduire sa masse volumique. Un tel type de matériau 30 permet notamment de minimiser la masse de l'écran d'occultation 30, donc de réduire son inertie, et il permet de réduire les pertes de lumière par réflexion vitreuse, en raison du faible indice de réfraction de ce matériau.The occultation screen 30 can also be made of "glass porous ", that is to say a type of glass obtained from a gel of silica and having interstices to reduce its Volumic mass. Such a type of material 30 allows in particular to minimize the mass of the occultation screen 30, so reduce its inertia, and it helps reduce light loss by glassy reflection, because of the low refractive index of this material.

L'inclinaison de l'axe de pivotement A2, par rapport à une position verticale, permet de limiter l'encombrement de l'écran d'occultation 30 dans le projecteur 10. De plus, grâce à cette inclinaison, le secteur angulaire 46, 48 qui occupe sa position escamotée est plus bas que le secteur angulaire 46, 48 qui occupe sa position active, de sorte que le secteur angulaire 46, 48 escamoté se trouve sous le trajet des rayons lumineux formant le faisceau d'éclairage Fp, Fc.The inclination of the pivot axis A2, with respect to a vertical position, limits the size of the screen occultation 30 in the projector 10. Moreover, thanks to this inclination, the angular sector 46, 48 which occupies its position retracted is lower than the angular sector 46, 48 which occupies its active position, so that the angular sector 46, 48 retracted is under the path of the light rays forming the lighting beam Fp, Fc.

L'invention a été décrite avec un écran d'occultation 30 comportant deux profils de coupure 32, 34. Bien entendu, l'invention s'applique aussi à un projecteur 10 équipé d'un écran d'occultation 30 comportant un seul profil de coupure, ou plus de deux profils de coupure.The invention has been described with an occultation screen 30 having two cut profiles 32, 34. Of course, the invention also applies to a projector 10 equipped with a screen occultation 30 having a single cutoff profile, or more than two cutoff profiles.

Claims (12)

Projecteur (10) pour véhicule automobile, comprenant une source lumineuse (12), un réflecteur (14) du type elliptique dont un premier foyer est situé au voisinage de la source (12), une lentille convergente (18) dont un plan focal passe au voisinage d'un second foyer du réflecteur (14), et un écran d'occultation (30) qui est intercalé axialement, suivant l'axe optique longitudinal (A1) du projecteur (10), entre le réflecteur (14) et la lentille (18), et qui délimite un profil de coupure dans le faisceau lumineux émis par la source (12) en vue de réaliser un faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage par temps pluvieux (Fp) comportant une zone de moindre éclairement (Z1) qui est située au-dessous de la coupure,
   caractérisé en ce que l'écran d'occultation (30) comporte au moins une portion globalement transversale (38) qui est réalisée en matériau transparent et qui s'étend au-dessus du profil de coupure (32), et en ce que cette portion transparente (38) de l'écran d'occultation (30) comporte une zone de moindre transparence (50) qui forme la zone de moindre éclairement (Z1) dans le faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage (Fp).Motor vehicle headlamp (10) comprising a light source (12), an elliptical-type reflector (14) having a first focus in the vicinity of the source (12), a convergent lens (18) having a focal plane in the vicinity of a second focus of the reflector (14), and an occulting screen (30) which is interposed axially, along the longitudinal optical axis (A1) of the projector (10), between the reflector (14) and the lens (18), which delimits a cut-off profile in the light beam emitted by the source (12) in order to produce a regulation light beam in rainy weather (Fp) comprising a zone of less illumination (Z1) which is below the cut,
characterized in that the occultation screen (30) has at least one generally transverse portion (38) which is made of transparent material and which extends above the cutoff profile (32), and in that this transparent portion (38) of the blackout screen (30) has an area of lesser transparency (50) that forms the area of lower illumination (Z1) in the lighting regulatory beam (Fp). Projecteur (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la zone de moindre transparence (50) comporte un dépôt de matériau opaque sur au moins une face transversale (42) de la portion transparente (38).Projector (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the region of lesser transparency (50) comprises a deposit of opaque material on at least one transverse face (42) of the transparent portion (38). Projecteur (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone de moindre transparence (50) comporte un traitement de surface localisé appliqué sur au moins une face transversale (40, 42) de la portion transparente (38).Projector (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the region of lesser transparency (50) comprises a localized surface treatment applied on at least one transverse face (40, 42) of the transparent portion (38). Projecteur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'écran d'occultation (30) est réalisé entièrement en matériau transparent et comporte une partie occultante principale (36) formée par le dépôt d'une couche de matériau opaque sur au moins l'une de ses faces transversales (40, 42). Projector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the occulting screen (30) is made entirely of transparent material and comprises a main occulting part (36) formed by the deposition of a layer of opaque material on at least one of its transverse faces (40, 42). Projecteur (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la portion occultante principale (36) comporte une couche de matériau opaque sur les deux faces transversales (40, 42) de l'écran d'occultation (30).Projector (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the main occulting portion (36) comprises a layer of opaque material on both transverse faces (40, 42) of the occulting screen (30). Projecteur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la portion transparente (38) s'étend globalement en largeur sur toute la longueur de la coupure (32) et s'étend globalement en hauteur jusqu'à la limite supérieure de la zone focale utile, de sorte que la majorité du faisceau lumineux non occulté traverse nécessairement la portion transparente (38).Projector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transparent portion (38) extends generally in width over the entire length of the cut (32) and extends generally in height to the upper limit of the useful focal area, so that the majority of the unobstructed light beam necessarily passes through the transparent portion (38). Projecteur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'écran d'occultation (30) est mobile entre une position active dans laquelle l'écran (30) occulte une partie des rayons lumineux émis par la source (12) de manière que le projecteur (10) réalise un faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage par temps pluvieux (Fp), et une position escamotée dans laquelle le projecteur (10) réalise un autre faisceau réglementaire d'éclairage (Fc).Projector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the occulting screen (30) is movable between an active position in which the screen (30) obscures part of the light rays emitted by the source (12) so that the projector (10) realizes a regulation beam of rainy lighting (Fp), and a retracted position in which the projector (10) realizes another regulatory light beam (Fc). Projecteur (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un écran d'occultation fixe dit masque (20) qui coopère avec l'écran mobile (30) en position active de manière à former le faisceau d'éclairage réglementaire d'éclairage par temps pluvieux (Fp).Projector (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a fixed blanking screen said mask (20) which cooperates with the movable screen (30) in the active position so as to form the regulatory light beam lighting in rainy weather (Fp). Projecteur (10) selon la revendication 7 ou 8,
caractérisé en ce que l'écran d'occultation (30) est monté à pivotement autour d'un axe (A2) contenu globalement dans un plan longitudinal, et en ce que l'axe de pivotement (A2) s'étend suivant une direction inclinée par rapport à la verticale d'un angle compris globalement entre zéro et quarante cinq degrés.Projector (10) according to claim 7 or 8,
characterized in that the shading screen (30) is pivotally mounted about an axis (A2) contained generally in a longitudinal plane, and in that the pivot axis (A2) extends in one direction inclined relative to the vertical of an angle generally between zero and forty five degrees. Projecteur (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'écran d'occultation (30) comporte plusieurs profils de coupure (32, 34) sensiblement adjacents qui correspondent respectivement à plusieurs faisceaux réglementaires d'éclairage (Fp, Fc).Projector (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the occultation screen (30) has several substantially adjacent cutoff profiles (32, 34) which respectively correspond to several lighting regulatory beams (Fp, Fc). Projecteur (10) selon la revendication précédente prise en combinaison avec la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'écran d'occultation (30) est réalisé d'une seule pièce en matériau transparent et en ce qu'il a globalement la forme d'un secteur angulaire de tube centré sur l'axe de pivotement (A2).Projector (10) according to the preceding claim taken in combination with claim 4, characterized in that the occulting screen (30) is made in one piece of transparent material and in that it has generally the shape of an angular tube sector centered on the pivot axis (A2). Projecteur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau transparent est du verre.Projector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transparent material is glass.
EP05290257A 2004-02-13 2005-02-04 Projection-type vehicle headlamp comprising a shade made of transparent material Not-in-force EP1564482B1 (en)

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FR0401490A FR2866413B1 (en) 2004-02-13 2004-02-13 ELLIPTICAL PROJECTOR EQUIPPED WITH A SCREEN OF OCCULTATION IN TRANSPARENT MATTER.
FR0401490 2004-02-13

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FR2866413A1 (en) 2005-08-19
EP1564482B1 (en) 2008-05-14
DE602005006635D1 (en) 2008-06-26
US20050180154A1 (en) 2005-08-18
FR2866413B1 (en) 2006-06-30
ATE395556T1 (en) 2008-05-15
US7455439B2 (en) 2008-11-25
JP2005228747A (en) 2005-08-25
JP5165834B2 (en) 2013-03-21

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