EP1561075B1 - Echangeur de chaleur a condensation, a enveloppe plastique - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur a condensation, a enveloppe plastique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1561075B1
EP1561075B1 EP03808754.0A EP03808754A EP1561075B1 EP 1561075 B1 EP1561075 B1 EP 1561075B1 EP 03808754 A EP03808754 A EP 03808754A EP 1561075 B1 EP1561075 B1 EP 1561075B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exchanger
casing
bundle
tubes
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03808754.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1561075A1 (fr
Inventor
Joseph Le Mer
Rocco Giannoni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giannoni France
Original Assignee
Giannoni France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR0212848A external-priority patent/FR2846075B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR0300775A external-priority patent/FR2850451B3/fr
Application filed by Giannoni France filed Critical Giannoni France
Publication of EP1561075A1 publication Critical patent/EP1561075A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1561075B1 publication Critical patent/EP1561075B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F24H1/43—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes helically or spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/02—Casings; Cover lids; Ornamental panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2035—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using fluid fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a condensing heat exchanger, associated - directly or indirectly - to a burner, in particular gas or fuel.
  • a heat exchanger element which consists of a tube of thermally good conductor material, in which a coolant, for example water to be heated, is intended to circulate.
  • This tube is helically wound and has a flattened and oval cross-section whose major axis is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the helix, and each turn of the tube has plane faces which are spaced from the faces of the adjacent turn of the tube. a gap of constant width, this width being substantially smaller than the thickness of said cross section, the spacing between two adjacent turns being further calibrated by means of spacers, which consist of bosses formed in the wall of the tube; .
  • An exchanger element thus designed is capable of providing a very efficient heat exchange between, on the one hand, very hot gases, which can be generated directly by a burner mounted in the enclosure, or come from an external source, which lick the tubular element, and on the other hand, the fluid to be heated, such as water, which circulates inside thereof.
  • the present invention more particularly aims to provide a condensing heat exchanger, of the general type described above, whose heat exchange elements are bundles of flat tubes such as those known by the EP-B-0 678 186 mentioned above.
  • the envelope constituting the known condensing apparatus of the kind described above, like the tube (s), is made of metal, generally made of stainless steel.
  • the pressure of the fluid to be heated, and in particular of the water, inside the tube (or tubes) in use can be relatively high, about 2.5 to 3.5 bar, is 2.5.10 5 to 3.5.10 5 Pa.
  • the initially flat side walls of the tubes tend to bulge, the amplitude of the deformation being an increasing function of the value of the internal pressure.
  • This deformation propagates axially, from a wall to the adjacent wall, through the bosses forming spacers that separate them.
  • the condensing heat exchanger which is the subject of the invention is intended to be associated with a gas burner or fuel.
  • Bosses 200 provided on the large faces of the tubes act as spacers, to delimit between each turn a gap of calibrated value, substantially constant.
  • collectors also transfer the circulating fluid from a tubular element to the neighboring winding.
  • Each tubular element has straight end portions, that is to say rectilinear axis, and of progressively variable section, whose opening end portion is circular.
  • the inlet and outlet mouths 20, 21 of the tubular elements are appropriately and sealingly crimped in ad hoc openings provided in the envelope 1, as is visible on the figure 2 ; the collectors 15, 16 are fixed at this level.
  • the envelope 1 is made of plastic.
  • the envelope is made of two half-shells which are heat-sealed to each other after the tubular bundle has been installed inside one of them.
  • the envelope 1 is open on one of its sides, in this case on the side on the left, if we consider the figure 1 .
  • part of the water vapor contained in the flue gases condenses on contact with the walls of the tubes.
  • Reference 10 designates the bottom wall of the enclosure; in known manner, this bottom is sloped, which allows the discharge of the condensates to an outlet 13.
  • the rear wall of the casing has the reference 11; it has a recess 110 which, as will be seen later, forms a channel for the passage of flue gases and fumes and channeling them to an exhaust duct 12.
  • the orifice 13 is connected to a condensate discharge pipe, while the sleeve 12 is connected to a flue gas discharge duct, for example a chimney flue.
  • a flue gas discharge duct for example a chimney flue.
  • the open side of the envelope is closed by a facade element 3.
  • the latter is fixed on its entire periphery by a flange 30 which is sealed to the gas on a peripheral bead 14 bordering the entrance of the envelope.
  • a seal for example silicone (not shown) can advantageously be provided at this level.
  • the front plate 3 which is for example made of stainless steel, is normally closed by a removable door 4.
  • the door 4 is in two parts; it is composed of an outer plate 40, metal or heat-resistant plastic material, and an inner plate 41 of insulating material, for example based on ceramic.
  • Suitable means connected to the burner 6 make it possible to supply the apparatus with a mixture of gas fuel and air, such as propane + air.
  • These means may consist in particular of a fan attached to the door, suitable for blowing the gas mixture into the burner, or a flexible conduit connected to the door.
  • the burner 6 is a cylindrical tube with a closed end, whose wall is pierced with a multitude of small holes which allow the fuel mixture to pass radially outwardly of the tube.
  • the outer surface of this wall constitutes the combustion surface.
  • the latter is located coaxially in the middle of the winding 2, but it does not extend over its entire length.
  • tubular bundle 2 is subdivided into two parts, one 2a located to the left of a deflector 7, and the other 2b to the right thereof.
  • the deflector 7 is a disc of thermally insulating material, for example based on ceramic; it is carried by a thin plate-shaped frame 70 made of stainless steel, the peripheral edge of which is inserted between two adjacent turns of the bundle.
  • Part 2b of the beam performs a preheating of the fluid, which flows from the right to the left if we consider the figure 1 .
  • Part 2a performs the actual heating.
  • the turns of the tubular bundle 2 are firmly held against one another by means of a mechanical restraint system.
  • tie rods 5 consisting of cylindrical rods of stainless steel, and which are associated with bearing elements for each of the two opposite ends of the beam.
  • the tie rods 5 are arranged at the four vertices of a fictitious isosceles trapezoid.
  • their end 51 is fixed - for example by welding - to a discoidal annular plate 30 made of stainless steel, in the center of which an opening 300 is formed.
  • the tie rods 5 are attached to the facade 3 which has been mentioned above.
  • tie rods 5 are threaded; they pass through appropriate orifices provided at the periphery of the facade plate 3.
  • the beam 2 is thus axially compressed with force between the bearing elements 3 and 30.
  • end portions 50 are relatively long; they exceed beyond the nuts 500 to a significant length, as can be seen on the figure 3 .
  • the portions 50 also have the function of centering and fixing the door 4 against the facade 3.
  • the plate 40 constituting the door whose diameter is greater than that of the insulating portion 41, is traversed by four holes allowing the engagement portions 50.
  • nuts 400 which are advantageously self-locking nuts, to reduce the risk of inadvertent loosening, in particular under the effect of vibrations.
  • An annular lip seal 42 housed in a suitable groove in the plate 40 makes it possible to apply the latter in a smoke-tight manner against the external face of the facade 3.
  • the tie rods 5 are arranged outside the beam 2.
  • the tubular bundle can be held in place inside the casing simply as a result of the interlocking connection of the end portions of the tubes 20, 21 in the housings provided in the casing to receive them.
  • This partition advantageously participates in the good maintenance of the beam inside the envelope.
  • It is fixed to the inner wall of the envelope and extends obliquely under the sleeve 12. It preferably has an arcuate shape, of arcuate contour, surrounding the upper zone of the beam.
  • the hot gases generated by the burner 6 first pass through the first portion 2a of the beam 2 (located on the left of the deflector 7), passing between the interstices of the tubes radially, from the inside to the outside.
  • the constituent plastic of the casing is chosen to withstand continuously temperatures of the order of 150 ° to 160 ° C.
  • resins include a compound of polyphenylene oxide, polystyrene and polypropylene, such a material being suitable to withstand the chemical attack of hot fumes and condensates.
  • the wall of the casing 1 may be relatively thin, for example of thickness between 2 and 4 mm, because it is not exposed to significant mechanical stresses.
  • the door 4, the burner 6 and the baffle 7 would form a removable assembly in block, which would allow access for cleaning to the entire interior space of the winding, including in the portion rear which ensures preheating.
  • this exchanger has an axial compactness greater than that of the first embodiment.
  • the rectilinear end portions of the tubes extend tangentially to the winding, their axes being contained in the same longitudinal plane, arranged laterally (see FIG. figure 6 ).
  • the tie rods 5 are fixed not to an annular plate 30, but a pair of flat bent rods 30a, 30b, whose central zones bear against an angular sector, of relatively limited, of the corresponding end turn.
  • the tie rods are this time arranged in a square, and the bent rods 30a, 30b connect these sides in pairs, marrying closer two diametrically opposite regions of the winding.
  • the partition 8 has a recess 80 located above the tubular winding, near the tubes located at the outlet of the portion 2a constituting the main exchanger.
  • the probe 9 is advantageously held in place by means of a circlip in a stainless steel bowl fitted in the recess 80, which is open downwards, a suitable seal ensuring the seal between the bowl and the wall of the recess 80.
  • This probe is connected to the burner control, and is adapted to cause the burner to stop when the detected temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold, for example 160 ° C.
  • Abnormal overheating can occur accidentally for example in the absence of water in the tubes or in case of poor circulation of water in the tubes, for example because of a clogging of one of them.
  • the probe referenced 9 ', comprises a fuse element 92', sensitive to heat.
  • the electrical supply circuit of the boiler is connected to two lugs 90 'and 91' which are connected via this thermo fuse 92 '.
  • the figure 9 illustrates the flow of hot gases generated by the burner 6, which is fed with G + A fuel mixture .
  • the partially cooled gases then pass through the second part 2b of the exchanger, this time from the outside to the inside, as symbolized by the arrows F 3 .
  • the water As for the water, it is generally heated from room temperature to a temperature of about 80 ° C.
  • the exchanger has no burner.
  • the casing comprises an inlet sleeve E for hot gases, which originate from an external source.
  • This sleeve opens into the winding of tubes 2.
  • the tubular elements constituting the winding can be arranged in parallel, the inlet and outlet manifolds 15 'respectively 16' ensuring their collection and distribution either at the inlet or at the outlet of the tubes.
  • the envelope 1 ' is made of plastic.
  • the means of mechanical restraint of the beam are similar to those of the first embodiment.
  • tie rods which are fixed at their ends, for example by welding, to plates 30, 3 '.
  • the plate 30 located on the side of the intake sleeve E is a disc whose center has an opening 300 corresponding to the gas inlet passage delimited by the sleeve E.
  • the bottom plate 3 ' is a non-perforated disc.
  • a game j is provided between these two elements.
  • this apparatus can also be equipped with a temperature probe adapted to stop the admission of hot gases when the probe detects a predetermined excessive temperature.
  • the burner used is not necessarily cylindrical; it could have a flat or hemispherical shape while remaining attached to the door.
  • the weight gain obtained by the use of a plastic envelope is of the order of 20% compared to a similar device, having the same performance, but whose envelope is metallic.
  • annular wall portion of the casing 1 which surrounds the winding 2 is lined internally with a shell 100.
  • This is made of thin sheet of stainless steel, the thickness of which is for example of the order of about 0.3 to 0.4 mm.
  • This ferrule bears against the inner face of the envelope, with a certain spacing j (see figure 13 ), of the order of 2 mm for example.
  • This spacing is ensured by a plurality of support pads 101 consisting of small sized cuvettes stamped into the sheet so as to form bosses projecting outwardly of the ferrule.
  • Figures 15 and 16 which represent a development of the sheet in two parts constituting the shell, these bosses 101 have a regular geometric distribution in the surface of the sheet, in this case according to an arrangement according to equilateral equilateral triangles.
  • this ferrule is supported on the front side against the facade 3, and on the other side against the partitions 8-8 '.
  • the ferrule 100 consists of two distinct parts, initially flat, represented on the Figures 15 and 16 and referenced 100a, respectively 100b.
  • each of the strips 100a, 100b has a series of four notches 102, of substantially semicircular or semi-oval shape, complementary to the shape of the section of the end portions of the tubes at the wall. 1 they go through.
  • the length L 1 of the band 100a is substantially greater than that L 2 of the band 100b.
  • the sum L 1 + L 2 corresponds approximately (taking into account the spacing j) to the circumference of the inner wall of the envelope 1 against which the strips 100a and 100b are applied after having been bent to accommodate the curvature of the wall of the envelope 1.
  • the figure 14 it has a cross-section whose contour is intermediate between a circle and a square with rounded corners.
  • the short element 100b is placed on the side where the mouths 20 ', 21' of the tubes are located, outside the latter (on the left of the figure 14 ), while the long element 100a is placed on the other side.
  • the two sheet metal strips Due to their elasticity, the two sheet metal strips apply intimately, via their bosses 101 against the inner face of the envelope, without the need to resort to specific fastening means. They thus form a ferrule which relatively tightly isolates said inner face of the envelope of hot gases circulating in exchanger, acting as a thermal or isothermal screen.
  • the wall of the casing 1 has a recess 80 directed inwards, which receives a temperature probe 9, it goes without saying that the ferrule is traversed in this area with a suitable opening in which the portion is inserted. wall recessed. In this zone, the wall of the envelope, not thermally protected, is therefore exposed to a temperature higher than that of the rest of the wall, which is protected by the ferrule.
  • the presence of the ferrule has the effect of lowering the temperature at which the wall of the envelope is exposed by a value of the order of 15 to 20 ° C, which makes it possible to use a plastic material less noble and therefore less expensive than that used with the embodiments described above (without ferrule), and / or to improve the behavior over time and longevity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
EP03808754.0A 2002-10-16 2003-10-10 Echangeur de chaleur a condensation, a enveloppe plastique Expired - Lifetime EP1561075B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0212848A FR2846075B1 (fr) 2002-10-16 2002-10-16 Echangeur de chaleur a condensation, a enveloppe plastique
FR0212848 2002-10-16
FR0300775 2003-01-24
FR0300775A FR2850451B3 (fr) 2003-01-24 2003-01-24 Echangeur de chaleur a condensation, a enveloppe plastique
PCT/FR2003/002984 WO2004036121A1 (fr) 2002-10-16 2003-10-10 Echangeur de chaleur a condensation, a enveloppe plastique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1561075A1 EP1561075A1 (fr) 2005-08-10
EP1561075B1 true EP1561075B1 (fr) 2013-05-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03808754.0A Expired - Lifetime EP1561075B1 (fr) 2002-10-16 2003-10-10 Echangeur de chaleur a condensation, a enveloppe plastique

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7281497B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP1561075B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP4087407B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR100979333B1 (ko)
AU (1) AU2003301454A1 (ko)
CA (1) CA2502526C (ko)
PL (1) PL210367B1 (ko)
RU (1) RU2317490C2 (ko)
WO (1) WO2004036121A1 (ko)

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EP3208552A1 (de) 2016-02-19 2017-08-23 Vaillant GmbH Heizungswärmetauscher
EP3220073A1 (de) 2016-03-14 2017-09-20 Vaillant GmbH Wendelförmiger heizungswärmetauscher
DE102016215210A1 (de) 2016-08-16 2018-02-22 Vaillant Gmbh Wendelförmiger Heizungswärmetauscher

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US6152086A (en) * 1997-11-03 2000-11-28 Cooperatieve Inkoopvereniging Heating apparatus and method for operation thereof
DE19912572C2 (de) 1999-03-19 2001-03-29 Viessmann Werke Kg Kompaktheizkessel, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Brennwertheizkessel
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3208552A1 (de) 2016-02-19 2017-08-23 Vaillant GmbH Heizungswärmetauscher
DE102016202578A1 (de) 2016-02-19 2017-08-24 Vaillant Gmbh Heizungswärmetauscher
EP3220073A1 (de) 2016-03-14 2017-09-20 Vaillant GmbH Wendelförmiger heizungswärmetauscher
DE102016215210A1 (de) 2016-08-16 2018-02-22 Vaillant Gmbh Wendelförmiger Heizungswärmetauscher

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US7281497B2 (en) 2007-10-16
JP2006503260A (ja) 2006-01-26
KR20050088280A (ko) 2005-09-05
JP4087407B2 (ja) 2008-05-21
RU2317490C2 (ru) 2008-02-20
AU2003301454A1 (en) 2004-05-04
CA2502526C (fr) 2010-11-30
KR100979333B1 (ko) 2010-08-31
PL375399A1 (en) 2005-11-28
PL210367B1 (pl) 2012-01-31
US20060196450A1 (en) 2006-09-07
WO2004036121A1 (fr) 2004-04-29
EP1561075A1 (fr) 2005-08-10
CA2502526A1 (fr) 2004-04-29
RU2005114521A (ru) 2006-01-20

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