EP1550522A1 - Procédé de fabrication de pièces en alliage léger avec un refroidissement avant pressage et sans bavures - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication de pièces en alliage léger avec un refroidissement avant pressage et sans bavures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1550522A1 EP1550522A1 EP04293070A EP04293070A EP1550522A1 EP 1550522 A1 EP1550522 A1 EP 1550522A1 EP 04293070 A EP04293070 A EP 04293070A EP 04293070 A EP04293070 A EP 04293070A EP 1550522 A1 EP1550522 A1 EP 1550522A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressing
- temperature
- process according
- forging
- carried out
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
- B22D31/002—Cleaning, working on castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacture of castings made of an alloy metallic.
- the document EP-1,213,367 describes a method in which, after demolding the piece and before its pressing, the demolded part is cooled quickly to obtain a homogeneous structure, the pressing is then carried out at temperature room. This pressing is done between the two imprints of a matrix that have dimensions slightly lower than those of the mold.
- the stress is lower than cold. So, for get the same deformation energy, the movements and flows of hot material are therefore more important. As a result, the burrs that serve in particular to the regulation of these flows during forging, are more important at hot only cold.
- a method in which forging is carried out at cold therefore leads to material savings when obtaining parts, compared to parts hot forged.
- burrs resulting from cold forging are very hard work and are difficult to remove without deteriorate the room. It has, in fact, been found that burrs tend to crack when you want to eliminate them, and thus to spread in the room.
- the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages.
- the bead formed between the two dies at the end of the forging is mastered of such so that it remains small in size. It does not require no subsequent deburring operation because it does not present no danger of handling and remains in the space allowance allowed for the room.
- the dimensions of the molded part, the pressing die and the finished piece are substantially identical, the volume of material being also substantially the same, in the casting and in the finished room.
- Deleting the deburring step allows to eliminate any risk of deterioration of the part could result.
- burrs allow savings in terms of material and cost savings, in the as it is no longer necessary to reprocess the burrs by refounding them in the melt which will be used for pouring, in order to reuse the corresponding matter.
- the process pressing step according to the invention is carried out without the piece having been lubricated. Only the forging dies can be periodically sprayed with a product allowing ejection. So, the lubricant parts, classically provided in hot forgings or cold, is deliberately suppressed.
- the part undergoes isodirectional deformation, which contributes to obtaining characteristics mechanical improvements.
- the fact that the material does not move not relative to the fingerprints of the matrix, when in contact with her reduces the constraints in tooling and improves fatigue mechanical of it. This allows to lengthen the duration of life of the pressing dies.
- Lack of lubrication removes a step classical processes for obtaining castings, carried out in particular by a coating of the pieces with graphite. This further contributes to the reduction of the cost obtaining parts.
- the process according to the invention has an intermediate quench step after the demolding of the part and before its pressing, consisting to quickly cool the demolded part so as to to obtain a homogeneous structure, the pressing being then carried out at room temperature.
- This rapid cooling allows to obtain a piece of homogeneous structure, thanks to the solution of the alloy resulting from the casting process.
- This reheating of the room makes it possible to all rooms are at the same temperature at the starting point of the quenching step. This allows therefore to obtain finished parts whose mechanical characteristics are substantially identical.
- the heating of the room is carried out immediately after its demolding.
- Heating allows you to wear the room temperature at about 535 ° C to 545 ° C for a alloy AS7G03.
- the heating is carried out after the natural cooling of the room.
- reheating also allows bring the temperature of the room to the temperature ambient temperature at a temperature of between 535 ° C and 545 ° C for an alloy AS7G03.
- the piece is kept at room temperature after pressing.
- the piece is also advantageously subject to an income treatment that may be before or after the pressing or forging step following the expected characteristics.
- an income treatment that may be before or after the pressing or forging step following the expected characteristics.
- the income treatment can be carried out before the forging.
- security lengthening is important, income treatment will be performed after forging.
- Ladders are not respected these three figures, particularly with regard to relates to the lowest temperatures.
- the alloy is heated to a temperature T 1 of between 780 and 770 ° C.
- the casting of the piece in a mold is carried out during period B.
- the temperature of the part passes from the temperature T 1 to a lower temperature T 2 , at which the part is solidified in the mold.
- This temperature T 2 is between 450 ° C and 600 ° C. It can vary from one room to another and also in the same room, because there are temperature gradients depending on the massiveness of the room.
- the part is then demolded and immediately reheated during the period C, until a temperature T 3 is reached, substantially homogeneous throughout the room and greater than T 2 in the coldest areas of the room.
- the temperature T 3 is typically between 535 ° C. and 545 ° C. for an AS7G03 alloy.
- period D a quenching treatment is carried out, the temperature of the part passing from the temperature T 3 to a temperature below 100 ° C. in less than 20 seconds.
- period E the maturation of the alloy is carried out at room temperature and in a natural way for a period of at least 6 hours.
- the piece is then forged, at a temperature during the period F.
- period G the transfer is carried out from the room to the income ovens.
- This income treatment makes it possible to optimize mechanical characteristics of the parts by precipitation of the alloying elements, especially in the case of aluminum alloys.
- Income temperatures are typically between 80 and 200 ° C, depending on the grade for aluminum alloys.
- This second variant differs from the first in what, during the period I, and after the demolding, the piece is cooled naturally or by immersion in a liquid or by throwing a gas until it reaches Room temperature.
- This heating of the room can be realized from the room has reached room temperature or can, advantageously, be shifted in time, for a better industrial management.
- FIG. 3 Another implementation of the first variant of the process according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 3.
- This implementation differs from the first variant in that after the treatment of tempering (period D), the part is transferred to the ovens (period K) to undergo a treatment of income (period L).
- the essential difference with the first variant is to perform the income transaction before cold forging.
- FIGS. 1 and D Another implementation of the second variant of the process according to the invention consists perform income processing after operations dissolution and quenching (periods J and D). This another implementation is not illustrated by the FIGS.
- the moment the income treatment will be performed will depend on the parts to be made. If these parts require a high yield strength without require a significant elongation at break, the income treatment will preferably be carried out before forging.
- the tests show that the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain whose yield strength is greater than that of similar parts obtained by conventional methods, as described in EP-119 365.
- the foundry blank is dimensioned so that once the matrix closed, the piece has a bead of limited and controlled release.
- So software was used to simulate the deformations of the material during the forging it hot or cold and for the sizing of the blanks.
- the laws were determined behavior of software materials to get simulations representative of the physical reality of forging cold aluminum.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- à remplir un moule avec un alliage léger à l'état liquide,
- à démouler la pièce après solidification et
- à soumettre la pièce à un pressage ou forgeage entre les deux empreintes d'une matrice, à froid ou à température ambiante,
- la figure 1 correspond à la première variante selon laquelle le réchauffage est réalisé immédiatement après son démoulage,
- la figure 2 correspond à la deuxième variante, selon laquelle le réchauffage est réalisé après le refroidissement naturel de la pièce et,
- la figure 3 correspond à une mise en oeuvre différente de la première variante, dans laquelle l'étape de revenu est réalisée avant le forgeage à froid.
Limite d'élasticité (MPa) | Allongement (%) | |
Revenu après forgeage Taux de déformation de 13% | 276 | 7 |
Revenu après forgeage Taux de déformation de 20% | 279 | 6 |
Revenu avant forgeage | 324 | 2,5 |
Claims (10)
- Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces coulées, réalisées en un alliage léger, consistant :à remplir un moule avec un alliage léger à l'état liquide,à démouler la pièce après solidification età soumettre la pièce à un pressage ou forgeage entre les deux empreintes d'une matrice, à froid ou à température ambiante,
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pièce est pressée sans avoir été lubrifiée.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une étape intermédiaire de trempe après le démoulage de la pièce et avant son pressage, consistant à refroidir rapidement la pièce démoulée de façon à obtenir une structure homogène, le pressage étant ensuite réalisé à température ambiante.
- Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'étape intermédiaire de trempe est précédée d'un réchauffage de la pièce après son démoulage, en vue d'une mise en solution.
- Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le réchauffage de la pièce est réalisé immédiatement après son démoulage.
- Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le réchauffage permet de porter la température de la pièce à une température comprise entre 535°C et 545°C pour un alliage AS7G03.
- Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en que le réchauffage est réalisé après le refroidissement naturel de la pièce.
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le réchauffage permet de porter la température de la pièce de la température ambiante à une température comprise entre 535°C et 545°C pour un alliage AS7G03.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la pièce est maintenue à température ambiante après le pressage.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la pièce est soumise à un traitement de revenu, avant ou après l'étape de pressage.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0315367A FR2864459B1 (fr) | 2003-12-24 | 2003-12-24 | Procede de fabrication de pieces en alliage leger avec un refroidissement avant pressage et sans bavures |
FR0315367 | 2003-12-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1550522A1 true EP1550522A1 (fr) | 2005-07-06 |
Family
ID=34566348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04293070A Withdrawn EP1550522A1 (fr) | 2003-12-24 | 2004-12-21 | Procédé de fabrication de pièces en alliage léger avec un refroidissement avant pressage et sans bavures |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1550522A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2864459B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020169890A1 (fr) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-27 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Procede de retrait d'une masselotte d'une piece moulee par refroidissement local |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2614814A3 (fr) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-11-10 | Serio Thomas Di | Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en aluminium, alliages divers et tous alliages en general |
EP1213367A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-06-12 | Process Conception Ingenierie S.A. | Procédé de fabrication de pièces en alliages légers, avec un réfroidissement avant préssage |
-
2003
- 2003-12-24 FR FR0315367A patent/FR2864459B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-12-21 EP EP04293070A patent/EP1550522A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2614814A3 (fr) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-11-10 | Serio Thomas Di | Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en aluminium, alliages divers et tous alliages en general |
EP1213367A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-06-12 | Process Conception Ingenierie S.A. | Procédé de fabrication de pièces en alliages légers, avec un réfroidissement avant préssage |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020169890A1 (fr) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-27 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Procede de retrait d'une masselotte d'une piece moulee par refroidissement local |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2864459B1 (fr) | 2008-07-04 |
FR2864459A1 (fr) | 2005-07-01 |
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