EP1548677A1 - Méthode et système de détection d'incendie - Google Patents

Méthode et système de détection d'incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1548677A1
EP1548677A1 EP04450236A EP04450236A EP1548677A1 EP 1548677 A1 EP1548677 A1 EP 1548677A1 EP 04450236 A EP04450236 A EP 04450236A EP 04450236 A EP04450236 A EP 04450236A EP 1548677 A1 EP1548677 A1 EP 1548677A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire
alarm
images
pixels
camera
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04450236A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1548677B1 (fr
Inventor
Erich Tentschert
Peter Wolfram
Hubert Schinkinger
Hannes Oberndorfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WAGNER AUSTRIA GMBH
Original Assignee
Wagner Sicherheitssysteme GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Wagner Sicherheitssysteme GmbH filed Critical Wagner Sicherheitssysteme GmbH
Publication of EP1548677A1 publication Critical patent/EP1548677A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1548677B1 publication Critical patent/EP1548677B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
    • G08B17/125—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions by using a video camera to detect fire or smoke

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for fire detection, in particular for the detection of magnesium fires, wherein the Danger area with at least one camera pictures with a certain Resolution and a specific refresh rate recorded which images are processed and at the Processing resulting values with predefined reference values compared with the reference values an alarm is triggered.
  • the invention further relates to a device for fire detection, in particular for the detection of magnesium fires, with at least one camera for taking pictures of the danger area with a certain resolution and a specific one Refresh rate, a memory for storing images, a device for processing the images, and a device to trigger an alarm.
  • Fire alarm which on the optical or chemical detection of smoke, have the disadvantage that an alarm or firefighting relatively late becomes possible.
  • have fire alarm which the resulting Flames detect a shorter reaction time.
  • such fire detectors are not as reliable as on the one hand extraneous light influences cause false alarms and on the other hand certain flames are not detected as such can.
  • US 5,937,077 A describes a method for fire detection, taking pictures with a camera in the infrared range and to eliminate sources of error only one very narrow infrared wavelength range further processed by 1140 nm becomes.
  • the images are used to detect possible sources of fire further processed and characteristic of flames Compared pictures and evaluated accordingly. If the rating exceeds a certain threshold, the trigger takes place an alarm.
  • US 2002/0030608 A1 describes a device for Fire detection, in particular in the cargo holds of aircraft, where with cameras images are taken in the infrared range. From the analyzed images histograms are created and after contiguous areas of pixels with certain brightness values searched. From certain changes in the histogram and the number of pixels of the contiguous areas can be deduced fire herd.
  • US 2003/0141980 A1 shows a method for the detection of Smoke and fire, recorded at the digitalbider and with each other be compared.
  • the algorithm for the detection of fire filters movements in the frequency domain between 1.25 and 4 Hz and detects the flickering a flame characteristic changes.
  • WO 01/97193 A2 describes a method and a device for fire detection of the specified type, in which a Number of pictures taken over time is analyzed and the data fed to a Fourier transform and a certain frequency range for the Flickering of a flame is characteristic, accordingly is analyzed.
  • a Number of pictures taken over time is analyzed and the data fed to a Fourier transform and a certain frequency range for the Flickering of a flame is characteristic, accordingly is analyzed.
  • the computational effort and thus the required Time for a reliable detection of the flame relative high.
  • WO 01/24131 A2 shows a further fire detection algorithm, in particular on the detection of flames, like them occur during the combustion of gasoline is turned off. Also thereby temporal courses of pictures are correspondingly analyzed, which takes a relatively long time.
  • DE 295 02 831 U1 shows a fire alarm and Control system in which a certain danger area is captured optically and the captured image with stored Images that correspond to fire or smoke is compared.
  • this system is very prone to false alarms.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore in the Creation of a method above, by which as quickly and reliably as possible the fire or its cause, such as. a flying sparks or an arc can be detected can.
  • the effort should be as low as possible, so that through the required low computing power a quick response is possible. Disadvantages of known methods should be avoided or be reduced.
  • Another object of the present invention is the creation of an above-mentioned device for fire detection, in particular for the detection of magnesium fires or their cause, which is as simple and inexpensive is and reliable and rapid detection of a Brandes enabled.
  • the first object of the invention is achieved by an above mentioned method, wherein the camera, a recorded background image representing fire-free situation and save, those pixels from the other Processing in which the pixels of the Background image a predefined brightness value (MaskLevel) and to form a luminance histogram from the current picture the number of pixels in Depending on Helligskeits Symposiumen be determined, further the number of pixels in all brightness ranges above one predefined brightness value (VerifyLevel), which is on fire can be summed up, and finally the Alarm is triggered when this sum exceeds the predefined reference value (FireLevel).
  • the inventive method is characterized by the fact that by capturing the Background image detected in a fire-free state areas which cause false alarms due to their brightness could be excluded from further processing.
  • These areas can, for example, light sources within the detected by the camera danger area, reflections od.
  • These areas can, for example, light sources within the detected by the camera danger area, reflections od.
  • the camera images in the infrared range, preferably in the wavelength range below 850 nm added.
  • the filtering of visible light with one wavelength Above 850 nm, with appropriate optical filters, which are preceded by the camera, or by means of electronic filter, which depends on the selected frequency range are coordinated.
  • the amount exceeding the stored reference value recorded and alerting depending on this level is carried out.
  • a gradation of alerting in Dependence of the number of those pixels with a brightness value above the defined brightness value closing on fire can be done. For example, in a particular high number of pixels, which is highly likely to the emergence of a fire, immediately an alarm the fire department of a corresponding place in the factory or even a suitable extinguishing system can be activated automatically, whereas, if the reference value is slightly exceeded, only an advance warning can be made.
  • the alarm is triggered when additional or Alternatively to the above-mentioned alerting at least one more Fire detection device, for example a smoke detection device, emits an alarm signal.
  • at least one more Fire detection device for example a smoke detection device
  • the alarm is triggered when additional or Alternatively to the above-mentioned alerting at least one more Fire detection device, for example a smoke detection device, emits an alarm signal.
  • the second object of the invention is achieved by an above-mentioned Device for fire detection, in particular for detection of magnesium fires, solved, with the memory to Saving a wallpaper representing a fire-free situation is formed, and the means for processing the images to recognize those pixels of the Background image, which has a predefined brightness value exceed, is trained, and further a device for Exclude these pixels of the current images from processing is provided.
  • a device for Exclude these pixels of the current images from processing is provided.
  • Such a device is through characterized and enabled a relatively simple structure rapid detection of a fire, especially magnesium fire, already during the formation of sparks or arcs.
  • the at least one camera may be wireless with the processing device be connected. This will give you the flexibility and at most also increased security.
  • fades can be used to hide certain areas the danger area covered by the camera, which can be designed in various ways.
  • To capture the images in the infrared range is at least a camera associated with an infrared filter, preferably the wavelength range ⁇ 850 nm passes.
  • the device for processing the pictures and the device to exclude the pixels of the current images from editing is preferably formed by a computer.
  • the calculator by a Computer a microprocessor or a microcontroller formed be.
  • the invention relates to a device for logging the temporal History of processed images provided.
  • the logging can be done on a disk or on paper.
  • a further feature of the invention are several Cameras provided, all with the processing device are connected, so the alarm depending on the pictures all cameras can be triggered.
  • a logical "AND" -link can be used All camera signals are made, leaving an alarm only is triggered when all cameras detect images, which close to fire.
  • a logical "OR” connection of the camera signals take place, so that the Alarm is already triggered when already a camera Signal provides, which indicates fire. additionally also weightings of the individual camera signals can be made which are adapted to the respective circumstances.
  • another fire detection device for example an aspiratory fire detection device be provided, which connected to the processing device is so the alarm also depends on at least another fire detection device can be triggered. Consequently can, as already mentioned above, a combination of signals several fire detection devices take place.
  • At least one extinguishing device provided with the means for triggering the alarm connected is. This can essentially simultaneously or shortly after the triggering of an alarm, the extinguishing device is activated and the fire was already erased shortly after its creation become.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for fire detection, in particular for the detection of magnesium fires, wherein at least one camera 1 records images of a region of interest in which a fire can occur.
  • a processing machine 10 which processes a workpiece 11, in particular a workpiece made of magnesium or a magnesium alloy.
  • step 100 the signal of each camera 1 is stored and, according to block 101, luminance histograms are created.
  • block 102 is used to quantify the number of pixels which can be indicative of fire and exceed a predefined reference value n R , and depending on this, issue a corresponding alarm.
  • n R If the number of pixels is below the reference value n R , no message is given in block 103, if the number of pixels is in a high range above the reference value n R , according to block 104, for example, an automatic alerting of the fire brigade or the automatic activation of a deletion device. If the number of pixels which are above the predefined reference value n R lies in a middle range, then, for example, according to block 105, only a local alarm or pre-alarm occurs, so that corresponding steps can be set on-site. In addition, logging of the logging may occur according to block 106.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example of a background image in which certain pixels which have a predefined brightness value (MaskLevel) are to be identified and identified by a further processing (hatched).
  • MoskLevel a predefined brightness value
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of a luminance histogram (see block 101 in Fig. 1) of a current image, wherein the brightness is divided from 0% (black) to 100% (white) into individual regions. In the example shown, the areas are divided into 5% sections of the brightness. In practice, a much finer subdivision will take place.
  • the luminance histogram now shows the number of pixels depending on the respective brightness range.
  • the fire detection method according to the invention now selects all values of the luminance histogram which lie above a defined brightness value (VerifyLevel) L V , which is for example 75%, and could indicate fire. Now, a quantification (see block 102 in FIG.
  • n 1 , n 2 , n 3 , n 4 of the pixels in all brightness ranges is performed above this predefined brightness value L V.
  • the pixels are summed accordingly (n 1 + n 2 + n 3 + n 4 ) and compared to a predefined reference value (Fire Level) n R. If the predefined reference value n R is exceeded, an alarm is triggered. In this case, a gradation of the alarm can be done in such a way that when exceeding a predefined reference value n R1 only a pre-alarm is triggered, and when exceeding a higher predefined reference value n R2, a main alarm, possibly with activation of a deletion is made. Below the reference value n R1 there is no alarm (corresponding to block 103 in FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the device according to the invention for detecting fire with at least one camera 1, which is connected to a device 2 for processing the images.
  • This connection between the at least one camera 1 and the processing device 2 can also be wireless.
  • the memory 3 is designed for storing a background image representing a fire-free situation, and the device 2 for processing the images for recognizing those pixels of the background image which exceed a predefined brightness value, and means for excluding these pixels of the current images from the Processing provided.
  • apertures 5 for masking certain areas and filters 6, for example an infrared filter, may be arranged upstream of each camera 1.
  • a device 7 for logging the time course of the processed images may also be provided.
  • the memory 3 or a separate memory also contains the brightness values (mask level) predefined before activation of the device, the predefined brightness values (VerifyLevel L V ), which can be based on fire, and the predefined reference values (Fire level n R ) stored. These reference values are determined and saved individually before activation.
  • the signals of all cameras 1 are supplied to the processing device 2. After quantification, a corresponding signaling is sent to the device 4 for triggering an alarm. According to arrow VA only a pre-alarm, according to arrow A is a normal alarm.
  • At least one further fire detection device 8 for example a smoke detection device, may be provided, which is also connected to the device 4 for triggering an alarm.
  • a further fire detection device 8 for example a smoke detection device, may be provided, which is also connected to the device 4 for triggering an alarm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
EP04450236A 2003-12-22 2004-12-22 Méthode et système de détection d'incendie Expired - Lifetime EP1548677B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0206503A AT414055B (de) 2003-12-22 2003-12-22 Verfahren und einrichtung zur branderkennung
AT20652003 2003-12-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1548677A1 true EP1548677A1 (fr) 2005-06-29
EP1548677B1 EP1548677B1 (fr) 2008-04-09

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EP04450236A Expired - Lifetime EP1548677B1 (fr) 2003-12-22 2004-12-22 Méthode et système de détection d'incendie

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EP (1) EP1548677B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT414055B (fr)
DE (1) DE502004006764D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108194145A (zh) * 2018-03-15 2018-06-22 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于红外图像的矿井水灾报警系统
CN108252741A (zh) * 2018-03-15 2018-07-06 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于红外图像的采煤工作面水灾报警系统
CN108457699A (zh) * 2018-03-15 2018-08-28 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于红外图像的掘进工作面水灾报警系统

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6184792B1 (en) * 2000-04-19 2001-02-06 George Privalov Early fire detection method and apparatus
US20020135490A1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2002-09-26 Vidair Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for detecting smoke and/or fire in rooms
US20030141980A1 (en) * 2000-02-07 2003-07-31 Moore Ian Frederick Smoke and flame detection

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03182185A (ja) * 1989-12-11 1991-08-08 Fujitsu Ltd 赤外線監視システム
US5937077A (en) * 1996-04-25 1999-08-10 General Monitors, Incorporated Imaging flame detection system
US6529132B2 (en) * 1998-02-27 2003-03-04 Societe Industrielle D'avation Latecoere Device for monitoring an enclosure, in particular the hold of an aircraft
DE19840873A1 (de) * 1998-09-01 2000-03-09 Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur automatischen Waldbranderkennung
HK1054457B (zh) * 2000-12-28 2005-09-30 Siemens Schweiz Ag 視頻烟霧檢測系統

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030141980A1 (en) * 2000-02-07 2003-07-31 Moore Ian Frederick Smoke and flame detection
US6184792B1 (en) * 2000-04-19 2001-02-06 George Privalov Early fire detection method and apparatus
US20020135490A1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2002-09-26 Vidair Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for detecting smoke and/or fire in rooms

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108194145A (zh) * 2018-03-15 2018-06-22 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于红外图像的矿井水灾报警系统
CN108252741A (zh) * 2018-03-15 2018-07-06 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于红外图像的采煤工作面水灾报警系统
CN108457699A (zh) * 2018-03-15 2018-08-28 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于红外图像的掘进工作面水灾报警系统
CN108252741B (zh) * 2018-03-15 2023-04-18 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于红外图像的采煤工作面水灾报警系统
CN108194145B (zh) * 2018-03-15 2023-04-18 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于红外图像的矿井水灾报警系统
CN108457699B (zh) * 2018-03-15 2023-04-18 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于红外图像的掘进工作面水灾报警系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA20652003A (de) 2005-11-15
AT414055B (de) 2006-08-15
ATE391976T1 (de) 2008-04-15
DE502004006764D1 (de) 2008-05-21
EP1548677B1 (fr) 2008-04-09

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