EP1541367A1 - Thermoplastische Hochmodulfilme sowie ihre Verwendung als Registrierkassenband - Google Patents

Thermoplastische Hochmodulfilme sowie ihre Verwendung als Registrierkassenband Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1541367A1
EP1541367A1 EP04006250A EP04006250A EP1541367A1 EP 1541367 A1 EP1541367 A1 EP 1541367A1 EP 04006250 A EP04006250 A EP 04006250A EP 04006250 A EP04006250 A EP 04006250A EP 1541367 A1 EP1541367 A1 EP 1541367A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite
film
set forth
layer
coating
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Application number
EP04006250A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas E. Hopkins
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP04006250A priority Critical patent/EP1541367A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
    • B41M5/504—Backcoats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
    • B32B2323/046—LDPE, i.e. low density polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
    • B41M5/508—Supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5254—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5263—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B41M5/5272—Polyesters; Polycarbonates

Definitions

  • the present invention is generally directed to thermoplastic films of sufficient stiffness and opacity for use in high speed printing equipment.
  • this invention describes an improved cash register receipt tape produced from a thin, multilayer, coextruded, machine direction oriented, heat stabilized thermoplastic film.
  • U. S. Patent 5,229,218 to Dobreski presents a general description of plastic materials for use as a register receipt tape that is claimed to be recyclable.
  • the concepts embodied in the Dobreski patent were continued in U. S. Patent 6,284,177 to Ewing, which provides a general description of a recyclable plastic register tape.
  • U.S. Patent 6,407,034 also to Ewing, discloses a recyclable register tape, specifically for use in connection with thermal printing in which the base sheet materials and thermally activated composition are combine prior to production of the film.
  • thermoplastic register tape as a replacement for prior paper tapes.
  • the current commonly used paper tape ranges in thickness from 2.1 to 2.5 mils.
  • a cash register paper tape roll 3-inches in diameter wound on a 7/8-in. diameter core contains 230 feet of paper register tape.
  • a 3 inch diameter roll of a 0.5 mil thick thermoplastic tape wound on a 7/8 in. diameter core contains 1,077.9 feet of thermoplastic register tape or 4.7 times the length included in a similar diameter paper register tape roll.
  • thermoplastic tape therefore could potentially provide numerous economies to firms and individuals using cash register printers and receipt printers, since the additional tape length available in the thermoplastic tape roll should result in less frequent roll changes at the cash register or receipt printer and less storage space for register tape roll inventory.
  • the prior art to date has failed to yield a thermoplastic tape having adequate physical properties to serve as a drop-in replacement for current paper register tapes.
  • thermoplastic register or receipt tape having sufficient stiffness to run in current receipt printers. It is a further purpose of the present invention to provide such a thermoplastic film with adequate antistatic properties for printing. Specifically the film must have sufficient stiffness in the machine direction and it must also be capable of dissipating static electrical charges that accumulate on the film surface as a result of the film encountering and separating from printer rollers as it moves through the printer during the printing process. Many of the commercial receipt printers are constructed with plastic cases that may develop high static electricity charges. If the register film is not relatively static free, it may be attracted to the case causing the film to jam during the printing process. Similarly a film with insufficient machine direction stiffness will jam during the printing process.
  • the present invention is directed to a multilayer, oriented thermoplastic composite for use as a register or receipt tape which includes a film having a first outer film surface and a second outer film surface, the film including a core layer, and at least a first outer layer having an outermost surface which is the first outer film surface, the first outer layer including a non-migratory anti-static additive, and a heat sensitive, thermal image coating on the second outer film surface, wherein at least one outer layer includes a pigment and wherein the composite has a 1% secant modulus in the machine direction of at least about 150,000 psi, preferably at least about 200,000 psi.
  • the second outer film surface is the outermost surface of the core layer opposite to the first outer layer.
  • the film includes a second outer layer that has an outermost surface and that outermost surface is the second outer film surface bearing the heat sensitive, thermal image coating.
  • the composite has a thickness of from about 0.35 mils to about 1.5 mils, preferably from about 0.50 mils to about 0.75 mils.
  • the core layer may include a cavitation promoting additive.
  • At least one of the layers includes a polymer such as polyethylene, polypropylene, linear low density polyethylene, polystyrene or polyester.
  • the film may be biaxially oriented. In a preferred embodiment the film is uniaxially oriented in the machine direction. Either way, following orientation the film may be rendered essentially non-heat shrinkable by a heat treatment such as annealing.
  • the present invention is directed to an oriented thermoplastic composite for use as a register or receipt tape which includes a film having a first outer film surface and a second outer film surface, the film having at least a core layer, with an anti-static coating on the first outer film surface and a heat sensitive, thermal image coating on the second outer film surface, wherein at least one composite component includes a pigment and wherein the composite has a 1% secant modulus in the machine direction of at least 150,000 psi, preferably at least 200,000 psi.
  • the film includes an outer layer having an outermost surface which is the first outer film surface bearing the anti-static coating.
  • the film includes an outer layer having an outermost surface which is the second outer film surface bearing the heat sensitive, thermal image coating.
  • the overall composite has a thickness of from about 0.35 mils to about 1.5 mils, preferably from about 0.50 mils to about 0.75 mils.
  • At least one layer of the film includes a polymer such as polyethylene, polypropylene, linear low density polyethylene, polystyrene or polyester.
  • the film is biaxially oriented. However, in a preferred embodiment the film is uniaxially oriented in the machine direction. Either way, following orientation the film may be rendered essentially non-heat shrinkable by a heat treatment such as annealing.
  • the present invention also is directed to a method for making a thermoplastic composite suitable for use as a register or receipt tape, which includes the steps of:
  • the present invention is directed to a multilayer, oriented thermoplastic composite for use as a register or receipt tape.
  • Figure 1 of the drawing illustrates a preferred embodiment wherein the composite 10 is formed of a film 12 having at least one outer coating 20.
  • film 12 includes a core layer 14, a first outer layer 16, and a second outer layer 18.
  • First outer layer 16 has an outermost surface which is a first outer film surface 17
  • second outer layer 18 has an outermost surface which is a second outer film surface 19.
  • outer coating 20 has been applied to second outer film surface 19.
  • the overall composite preferably has a thickness in the range of from about 0.35 mils to about 1.5 mils, preferably from about 0.50 mils to about 0.75 mils.
  • the core layer of the film provides the film bulk
  • the first outer layer provides anti-static properties
  • the outer coating 20 provides a printable surface.
  • the second outer layer 18 of the film is preferred but optional.
  • Outer coating 20 may be applied directly to an outer surface of the core layer. If outer layer 18 is present it preferably includes a pigment which renders the film opaque in order to enhance the visibility of the printing. If outer layer 18 is not present at least one of the remaining film components should include a pigment.
  • a preferred pigment for use in accordance with the present invention is titanium dioxide.
  • the core layer may be formed of any of a number of thermoplastic polymers or polymer blends.
  • Preferred polymers for use in the core layer include polyethylene homopolymers and copolymers, including low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene, polypropylene homopolymers and copolymers, linear low density polyethylene, polystyrene or polyester.
  • any suitable thermoplastic polymer or polymers may be employed.
  • the core layer preferably comprises from about 50% to about 85% of the overall film thickness.
  • core layer 14 preferably includes a cavitation promoting additive such as Ampacet 110881, supplied by Ampacet Corp., Tarrytown, NY, which is calcium carbonate and titanium dioxide in a high density polyethylene carrier.
  • a cavitation promoting additive such as Ampacet 110881, supplied by Ampacet Corp., Tarrytown, NY, which is calcium carbonate and titanium dioxide in a high density polyethylene carrier.
  • a cavitation promoting additive only may be employed if both outer film layers are present. Otherwise, the additive would render the outer surface of the core layer, which would comprise an outer film surface, unsuitable for receiving a coating.
  • the core layer may include a pigment. Inclusion in at least one of the composite components of a sufficient amount of a pigment to render the overall composite opaque is required. However, a reduced amount of pigment may be employed if it is incorporated into one of the thinner layers or a thin coating. Thus, from an economic perspective, if the core layer is the thickest layer, it may be the least preferred composite component for carrying the pigment.
  • the first outer layer 16 provides anti-static properties to the film.
  • anti-static agents migratory and non-migratory
  • migratory and non-migratory are two classes of anti-static agents that can be used to dissipate static electricity charges that accumulate on the surfaces of plastic films.
  • Migratory additives either amine or non-amine, are inexpensive compared to non-migratory additives and work by diffusing to the film surface after the film is blown or cast. Once on the surface, they attract atmospheric moisture to the film surface to dissipate static electricity charges.
  • this type of additive is not effective in very dry climates or in conditions where there is insufficient moisture in the air.
  • non-migratory additives which work by forming a continuous matrix that is electrically conductive within the film structure, are preferred for use in accordance with the present invention.
  • a preferred non-migratory anti-static additive for use in accordance with the present invention is Antistat PE MB 101710, a polyethylene-based antistatic additive supplied by Ampacet Corp., Tarrytown, NY.
  • first outer layer 16 which carries the non-migratory additive comprises from about 7.5% to about 25% of the overall thickness of film 12.
  • the composite may include an anti-static coating.
  • Such coating may be applied to the outer film surface 17 or the first outer layer 16 may be omitted and the anti-static coating may be applied directly to an outermost surface of the core layer.
  • outer coating 20 which provides a printable surface to the composite, is opposite to the anti-static layer or coating because the "back,” or non-printing, surface of the composite is subjected to the higher degree of friction as the tape passes through the printer.
  • Coating 20 is a heat sensitive, thermal image coating such as Protecoat 8468, supplied by NuCoat, Inc., Madison, MN. The thermal image coating may be applied directly to an outer surface of the core layer.
  • film 12 includes second outer layer 18 and the coating is applied to outer film surface 19.
  • second outer layer 18 comprises from about 7.5% to about 25% of the overall film thickness.
  • second outer layer 18 includes a pigment in sufficient quantity to render the composite opaque. However, the pigment may be incorporated into the composite in any component including coating 20.
  • the present composite is preferably made by forming the film, orienting the film, and then applying the thermal image coating and, if one is employed, an anti-static coating.
  • the film is formed by coextrusion of the layers. If the film only comprises a monolayer core then preferably it is extruded. Although coextrusion is the preferred means for forming the present preferred multilayer film, other means of film formation also are within the scope of the present invention, such as lamination, coating or extrusion coating.
  • the film may be coextruded by any conventional means such as a blown film process or a cast film process.
  • the film is oriented. Orientation is necessary to the present invention in order to render the film sufficiently stiff to run through a register or printer. It should be noted that as the film thickness is decreased to a level that is commercially cost effective, the film stiffness decreases substantially. Thus, although a 1-mil thick static free film may have sufficient machine direction stiffness, a thermoplastic film with this thickness is not economically viable as a register tape. It is therefore necessary to reduce the film thickness to reach a film cost per unit area which is economically viable and which has sufficient machine direction stiffness to function in commercial register printers.
  • the present film which preferably has a thickness of from about 0.50 mils to about 0.75 mils, must have a 1% secant modulus in the machine direction of at least about 150,000 psi, preferably at least about 200,000 psi.
  • the film is uniaxially oriented in the machine direction with a machine direction stretch ratio in the range of from about 1.5X to about 10.0X. This degree of orientation improves machine direction stiffness by 2 to 5 times as compared to a non-oriented film.
  • the film may be biaxially oriented such that the product of the machine direction and transverse direction stretch ratios is from about 2.0X to about 50X.
  • orientation may take place in one step or in a series of stretching steps. Regardless of the type of orientation, thereafter the film must be thermally stabilized, i.e., annealed or heat set, in order to render it essentially non-heat shrinkable. Orientation and annealing may be performed either in-line out-of-line with coextrusion.
  • the outer film surface 19 preferably is subjected to a surface treatment such as, preferably, corona discharge, flame or chemical treatment, prior to application of the thermal image coating. If an anti-static coating is employed, the surface onto which it is applied preferably is subjected to a surface treatment prior to coating as well. Such surface treatment is employed to ensure adherence of the coating to the outer surface of the film.
  • a surface treatment such as, preferably, corona discharge, flame or chemical treatment
  • outer coating 20 and, optionally, an anti-static coating are applied in a conventional manner.
  • the film is slit and wound into roll sizes useful in commercial register printers. All process steps may be performed either in-line or out-of-line with the preceding step.
  • the present composite matting compound is not included in any layer.
  • the materials for each film layer are preferably dry or melt blended prior to extrusion to improve uniformity.
  • intermediate layers such as tie layers or other structural layers, may be included in the present film structure.
  • the present invention advantageously provides a thermoplastic register or receipt tape of sufficiently reduced thickness to be commercially desirable for replacement of a conventional paper tape, which is of sufficient stiffness to run through a conventional printer and which has adequate anti-static properties for printing.
  • a non-migratory anti-static additive is included in the first outer layer 16, as is preferred, one might expect that the subsequent orientation, which is necessary to improve stiffness and to reduce the film thickness, might disrupt the non-migratory anti-static additive matrix structure such that the anti-static properties of the film would be lost. It has been unexpectedly found in accordance with the present invention that this is not the case.
  • the 2.5-mil thick high density polyethylene film of Example 1, below was produced with a non-migratory antistatic additive in the outer layer in a conventional blown film process.
  • the layer thickness ratios for this structure were 1.0% for the first outer layer, 80% for the core layer, and 10% for the second outer layer.
  • the surface resistivity of the first outer layer of this film was 10 10 ohms.
  • the surface resistivity of the second outer layer that did not contain an anti-static additive was 10 12 ohms.
  • This film was stretched in the machine direction 5X to reach a final film thickness of 0.5 mils. There was no transverse direction stretch.
  • the surface resistivity of the first outer layer after stretching was 10 10 ohms while the second outer layer remained at 10 12 ohms. The machine direction stretch therefore did not disrupt the anti-static additive matrix in the first outer layer and did not disturb the overall anti-static property of the film.
  • a first outer layer, a core layer, and a second outer layer were coextruded through a circular die and blown to form a three layer self-supporting film having a thickness of 2.5 mils.
  • the layer percent thickness ratio was 10:80:10, respectively.
  • the first outer layer was comprised of 58% high density polyethylene, 2% titanium dioxide and 40% non-migratory anti-static additive.
  • the core layer was comprised of 100% high density polyethylene.
  • the second outer layer was comprised of 98% high density polyethylene and 2% titanium dioxide.
  • the structure was coextruded on a conventional blown film line using a 4:1 blow up ratio.
  • Wound film from the above extrusion operation was then stretched in a conventional roll-to-roll stretching unit where it was subjected to a 5:1 machine direction stretch ratio. Following stretching, the second outer layer was corona treated prior to winding the now 0.5 mil thick machine direction oriented film. There was no transverse stretch employed. Corona treated wound film from the stretching operation was then coated with a heat sensitive, thermal image coating on the corona treated second outer layer surface. Following coating, the film was then slit into roll sizes suitable for use in commercial register printers.
  • the resulting film structure had the following parameters and characteristics: Nominal thickness 0.5 mils 1% secant modulus in the machine direction approx. 400,000 psi Area factor approx. 60,000 sq. in./pound Surface resistivity First outer layer 10 10 ohms Second outer layer >10 12 ohms
  • a film produced according to this example was tested in an NCR point of sale printer, Class 7193, Model 3205-9001, where it ran through repeated printing cycles without jamming.
  • a non-oriented film also having a 0.5 mil thickness and produced using the same materials and additives, was tested in the same printer. This film, which had a 1% machine direction secant modulus of approximately 200,000, psi jammed repeatedly after less than five printing cycles.
  • a 4.0 mil thick high density polyethylene film in accordance with the present invention was produced with a non-migratory anti-static additive in the first outer layer in a conventional blown film process.
  • the film had the same layer-by-layer composition and percent layer thicknesses as the film of Example 1.
  • the surface resistivity of the first layer was 10 10 ohms.
  • the surface resistivity of the second outer layer that did not contain an anti-static additive was 10 12 ohms.
  • This film was stretched in the machine direction 8X to reach a final film thickness of 0.5 mils. There was no transverse direction stretch.
  • the surface resistivity of first outer layer after stretching was 10 11 ohms while the second outer layer remained at 10 12 ohms. Even at this higher level machine direction stretch, the anti-static additive matrix in the first outer layer was not disrupted to the point where the anti-static property of the film was lost.

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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP04006250A 2003-12-04 2004-03-16 Thermoplastische Hochmodulfilme sowie ihre Verwendung als Registrierkassenband Withdrawn EP1541367A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04006250A EP1541367A1 (de) 2003-12-04 2004-03-16 Thermoplastische Hochmodulfilme sowie ihre Verwendung als Registrierkassenband

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US728321 2003-12-04
CA2459587 2004-03-03
EP04006250A EP1541367A1 (de) 2003-12-04 2004-03-16 Thermoplastische Hochmodulfilme sowie ihre Verwendung als Registrierkassenband

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EP1541367A1 true EP1541367A1 (de) 2005-06-15

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EP04006250A Withdrawn EP1541367A1 (de) 2003-12-04 2004-03-16 Thermoplastische Hochmodulfilme sowie ihre Verwendung als Registrierkassenband

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0264270A2 (de) * 1986-10-14 1988-04-20 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Antistatische thermoplastische Polymer-Zusammensetzungen
US6284177B1 (en) * 1996-10-15 2001-09-04 William D. Ewing Recyclable printable media
JP2003127290A (ja) * 2001-08-16 2003-05-08 Yupo Corp 熱可塑性樹脂フィルム

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0264270A2 (de) * 1986-10-14 1988-04-20 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Antistatische thermoplastische Polymer-Zusammensetzungen
US6284177B1 (en) * 1996-10-15 2001-09-04 William D. Ewing Recyclable printable media
JP2003127290A (ja) * 2001-08-16 2003-05-08 Yupo Corp 熱可塑性樹脂フィルム

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2003, no. 09 3 September 2003 (2003-09-03) *

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