EP1532049B1 - Wrapping machine - Google Patents

Wrapping machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1532049B1
EP1532049B1 EP03755613A EP03755613A EP1532049B1 EP 1532049 B1 EP1532049 B1 EP 1532049B1 EP 03755613 A EP03755613 A EP 03755613A EP 03755613 A EP03755613 A EP 03755613A EP 1532049 B1 EP1532049 B1 EP 1532049B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arm
film
machine
press
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03755613A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1532049A1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Finzy
Michel Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Signode France SAS
Original Assignee
ITW Mima Systems SA
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Publication date
Application filed by ITW Mima Systems SA filed Critical ITW Mima Systems SA
Publication of EP1532049A1 publication Critical patent/EP1532049A1/en
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Publication of EP1532049B1 publication Critical patent/EP1532049B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/02—Wrapping articles or quantities of material, without changing their position during the wrapping operation, e.g. in moulds with hinged folders
    • B65B11/025—Wrapping articles or quantities of material, without changing their position during the wrapping operation, e.g. in moulds with hinged folders by webs revolving around stationary articles

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a wrapping machine which is a wrapping machine under a film, for example plastic stretchable material stacked on a pallet.
  • This type of machine comprises an arm with a vertical part, and generally generally L-shaped, in relative rotation relative to a table, on which is disposed a pallet.
  • the arm serves as a guide for a carriage, driven in translation on its vertical part, which contains a film unwinding system. Examples of such machines are described in EP 0 559 994 and EP 0 279 871.
  • the arm, L-shaped is positioned below the table: the horizontal part of the arm is below the table. table. It is said that the arm is in the low position.
  • the arm is supported by a support in the form of a bracket. The support then comprises at least a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, the horizontal portion of the arm being supported by the horizontal portion of the support. It is said that the arm is in the high position.
  • the arm is rotatable relative to the table, which is fixed.
  • the pallet is placed on the table, and a press or stabilization tray is positioned on the top of the stack of products placed on the pallet.
  • This plate presses on the top of the pile and stabilizes it with respect to the forces that will be exerted on the pile because of the plating of the film on its vertical faces.
  • the film is blocked at its free end by a device for pinching, welding and cutting, which is referred to as clamp. This type of device is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the carriage is placed in the lower part of the arm, that is to say at the bottom of the pallet, near the clamp. The arm is then rotated around the tray.
  • the vertical part of the arm, on which the carriage is located, is therefore rotated relative to the stack. This has the effect of stretching the film and pressing it against the pile.
  • the carriage is raised on the arm so as to be above the clamp when it returns to the starting point of the film. It is thus possible to retract the clamp and continue rotations, the film, in the second round, covering the first layer of film after its pleated part.
  • the cart will go up or down to the top or not, the pallet, then down, the arm running throughout the operation, allowing to unroll the film and wrap the pallet. In a last operation the carriage will go down, the rotation slow down, and the film be folded, welded and cut, during an operation well known in the prior art.
  • the table which is rotatable relative to the arm.
  • the latter is then part of the support with a vertical guide means, the carriage movable in translation comprising the unwinding device of the film.
  • the pallet is placed on the table, and a stabilizing plate, movable in rotation so that it remains plated on the rotating pallet, is positioned on the top of the pile placed on the pallet .
  • This plate presses on the top of the pile and stabilizes it with respect to the forces exerted on the pile because of the film's plating on its vertical faces, as well as with respect to the forces related to the rotation of the pallet .
  • the film is blocked at its free end by a clamp of the same type as that mentioned in the first embodiment of the machine, fixed on the moving table in rotation or on the support.
  • the carriage is placed in the lower part of the arm, that is to say at the bottom of the pallet, near the clamp.
  • the table is then rotated. This has the effect of stretching the film and pressing it against the pile.
  • the rest of the operation is in all respects similar to that described in the first embodiment of the machine, the carriage operating in this case the same types of vertical movements as before.
  • EP 0 279 871 proposes two embodiments of the machine, one where the arm is fixed while the table is rotating, and the other where the arm turns. while the table is fixed. This arrangement makes it possible to choose, on acquisition, a machine according to the type of pallets that are to be wrapped, but does not allow to modulate it in real time or to increase the packing speed.
  • the arm is in the low position, which imposes, if the pallets arrive on conveyors, a space between the arrival of the conveyors and the table, and possibly the presence of movable bridges to ensure the passage between the two, which adds complexity and cost.
  • Machines with two arms are also known. However, their modes of operation are identical to those of single-arm machines, thus causing the same disadvantages.
  • the present invention aims to overcome such drawbacks.
  • the disengaging means is constituted by two conical surfaces of the same axis and movable along this axis in translation with respect to one another.
  • said means is formed of a bearing.
  • the mechanism comprises a pantograph ensuring the vertical displacement of the press.
  • said disengaging means is disposed between the press and the pantograph.
  • the machine comprises an arm supporting two diametrically opposite carriages.
  • the table is rotating.
  • the turntable has two claw systems (22, 22 ') diametrically opposed.
  • the machine of the invention comprises, in a first embodiment, an arm 10, consisting of a horizontal beam 11 and a vertical portion 12, the latter supporting a carriage 20 unwinding of the film 21.
  • the carriage supports a reel for a film reel and is movable in translation along the vertical portion 12.
  • the arm 10 is mounted on a static frame 3. It is driven in rotation about a vertical axis 2 by an electric motor M1.
  • a table 30 receives the products forming the load 1 to be wrapped. In this embodiment, it is mounted on rollers so as to rotate on itself about the axis 2. It is driven by an electric motor M2 not visible in the figure.
  • the motors M1 and M2 are advantageously controlled independently of one another.
  • the load 1 to be packaged is brought to the turntable 30 by means of a conveying system consisting of rollers, not shown here; the table 30 is also provided with a conveying system 31, as seen in FIG. 2, to complete the other conveying system and precisely position the load 1.
  • a press 40 bears on the top of the load.
  • This press is connected to the beam 11 by a mechanism 41, here pantograph, by which one can move it vertically.
  • the pantograph consists of rods hinged scissors.
  • the pantograph is integral with the beam 11 at one end. The other end moves in translation along the axis 2 when the pantograph is deformed.
  • Means is provided to allow the press not to be rotated with the arm 10, about the axis 2, when it bears on the load.
  • the pantograph mechanism comprises at its movable lower end a vertical axis 42 which terminates in its lower part by a cone 43.
  • the platen-shaped press 40 comprises a conical central recess 45 with a passage 46 for the axis 42 This passes through the recess, and the surface 44 of the cone 43 comes into contact with the surface of the recess 45 of the plate 40 when the plate is suspended by the cone 43 at the axis 42.
  • the press By acting by retraction or extension on the pantograph, we can move the press vertically.
  • the press is lowered on the load 1 after it has been put in place on the table.
  • the axis 42 continues to descend, so as to end up in a position comparable to that of FIG. 5, that is to say a position in which the surfaces 44 and 45 are no longer in contact, but the base 47 of the cone does not come into contact with the load 1.
  • the plate 40 and the axis 42 are then disengaged.
  • the passage 46 is shaped so as to allow relative movement between the axis 42 and the plate 40, for example by means of a ball bearing system or grease.
  • the carriage 20 is in the low position. Place the free end of the film 21 in the clamp 22, and the package of the load 1 can then begin.
  • the arm 10 and the table 30 being rotatable both, the arm 10 is rotated in a first direction 51 and the turntable 30, in the opposite direction 50.
  • the disengagement between the plate 40 which relies on the load and the axis 42 which is integral with the arm 11 allows the two entities to rotate. Under the effect of this relative rotation between the carriage 20, integral with the arm 10, and the load 1, integral with the table 30, the film 21 unwinds and is pressed against the load 1.
  • the carriage 20 At the beginning of the operation the carriage 20 is in the low position, the end of the film 21 blocked by the clamp 22. In the first turn the film 21, which was initially folded, unfolds gradually to its normal width, while that the carriage 20 rises so that at the start of the second turn the bottom of the film 21 is found above the clamp 22, it is possible to retract, the film 21 then covering part of the first round of film and thus plating on the load 1. The carriage 20 will then go up and down again along the arm 10, still rotating, to pack all or part of the load 1. In a final phase, the table 30 and the arm 10 slow down in order to allow the clamp 22 to come weld the last layer of film 21, then cut and maintain, during an operation well known to those skilled in the art.
  • This embodiment of the invention allows a double rotation of the table 30 and the arm 10, which increases the packing speed of the load 1, which is the relative speed between the table 30 and the arm 10.
  • the load 1 is further stabilized by the press 40, which further increases the speed of packaging.
  • it is possible to obtain fairly high speeds because of the lightness of the structure of the machine of the invention. This lightness is itself made possible by mounting the press on the beam 11.
  • the user is completely free to choose the two speeds of rotation. Thus he can decide, if the need arises, to rotate the table 30 or the arm 10 only. It may further decide, depending on the type of pallet to be wrapped, to rotate the table 30 more slowly than the arm 10 or vice versa. This is for example interesting in the case of unstable pallets which, even stabilized by the press 40, poorly support excessive rotation of the table 30. Finally it is possible to rotate the table 30 and the arm 10 in the same direction for example in order to achieve a rapid global slowdown, but not too abrupt for one of the two that would turn at high speed.
  • the machine of the invention also has the advantage of having the arm 10 in the high position, which allows a greater flexibility of the conveying of the load 1.
  • the direction of the initial conveying for example can be perpendicular to that of 'arrival.
  • Conveying is in additionally without interruption or connection of the conveyor bridges to the table 30, since there is no arm to hinder the passage.
  • the press 40 apart from its function of stabilizing the load, makes it possible, if necessary, to maintain a film or cardboard cap, for example, which is disposed on the top of the load 1. Once maintained by the press 40, it can be pressed against the side edges of the load 1.
  • the machine has two arms 10, 10 ', formed by two vertical branches 12, 12', diametrically opposite, and both supported by a horizontal beam 11 '.
  • These two branches 12, 12 ' are of the same type as in the first embodiment. They each support a carriage 20, 20 'unwinding the film 21, 21', movable in translation.
  • the beam 11 ' is rotatable about the axis of symmetry 2 of the table 30.
  • the wrapping is carried out in the same way as in the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the load 1 is positioned on the table 30 and stabilized by the press 40.
  • the ends of the films 21, 21 ' are clamped at 22 and 22' respectively, and the table 30 is rotated in one direction by a first motor , while the beam 11 'is rotated in the opposite direction by a second motor, independent of the first.
  • the table 30 on the one hand and the two branches 12 and 12 'on the other hand rotate in two opposite directions 50, 51.
  • This second embodiment of the invention allows flexibility in the much larger package. Indeed the carriages 20, 20 'being independently movable in translation on the arms 10, 10', several procedures are possible.
  • this second embodiment of the invention not only does one benefit from all the advantages given for the first, but also the length of the wrapping is almost halved. In addition it allows a film autonomy twice as large, and therefore a frequency of intervention of an operator for the change of film, which interrupts the sequence of pallets, twice as small.
  • the control member of the machine will adapt the rotational speeds of the various elements, table 30 and beam 11 ', as well as the speed of movement of the carriages 20 , 20 ', if they are integral, or the carriage 20' whose film 21 'is not broken, if they are not, so that the film 21' remaining ensures the same wrap of the load as if both films 21, 21 'had been present.
  • the remaining packing time will therefore be at least doubled, but there will be no stopping of the machine.
  • This feature is very interesting, not only in the case of rupture of one of the films 21, 21 ', but also in the event of maintenance of one of the carriages or replacement of only one of the film reels 21, 21 '.
  • the means for rotating the arm relative to the press is constituted by a bearing.

Description

La présente demande concerne une banderoleuse qui est une machine d'emballage sous un film, par exemple de matière plastique étirable, de produits empilés sur une palette.The present application relates to a wrapping machine which is a wrapping machine under a film, for example plastic stretchable material stacked on a pallet.

Ce type de machine comprend un bras avec une partie verticale, et en général globalement en forme de L, en rotation relative par rapport à une table, sur laquelle est disposée une palette. Le bras sert de guide à un chariot, entraîné en translation sur sa partie verticale, qui contient un système de déroulement du film. Des exemples de telles machines sont décrits dans les documents EP 0 559 994 et EP 0 279 871. Dans ces brevets, le bras, en forme de L, est positionné en dessous de la table : la partie horizontale du bras est en dessous de la table. On dit que le bras est en position basse. Dans un autre mode de réalisation connu, le bras est soutenu par un support en forme de potence. Le support comporte alors au moins une partie horizontale et une partie verticale, la partie horizontale du bras étant soutenue par la partie horizontale du support. On dit que le bras est en position haute.This type of machine comprises an arm with a vertical part, and generally generally L-shaped, in relative rotation relative to a table, on which is disposed a pallet. The arm serves as a guide for a carriage, driven in translation on its vertical part, which contains a film unwinding system. Examples of such machines are described in EP 0 559 994 and EP 0 279 871. In these patents, the arm, L-shaped, is positioned below the table: the horizontal part of the arm is below the table. table. It is said that the arm is in the low position. In another known embodiment, the arm is supported by a support in the form of a bracket. The support then comprises at least a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, the horizontal portion of the arm being supported by the horizontal portion of the support. It is said that the arm is in the high position.

Selon un mode de réalisation connu, le bras, qu'il soit en position haute ou basse, est mobile en rotation par rapport à la table, qui est fixe. Au début d'un cycle de fonctionnement, la palette est placée sur la table, et une presse ou plateau de stabilisation est positionné sur le sommet de la pile de produits posée sur la palette. Ce plateau appuie sur le sommet de la pile et la stabilise par rapport aux forces qui vont s'exercer sur la pile en raison du placage du film sur ses faces verticales. Le film est bloqué à son extrémité libre par un dispositif permettant de le pincer, de le souder et de le couper, que l'on désigne par la suite pince. Ce type de dispositif est bien connu de l'homme du métier. Le chariot est placé dans la partie basse du bras, c'est-à-dire en bas de la palette, à proximité de la pince. Le bras est ensuite mis en rotation autour du plateau. La partie verticale du bras, sur laquelle se trouve le chariot, est donc en rotation par rapport à la pile. Cela a pour effet d'étirer le film et de le plaquer contre la pile. Le film, initialement plissé, se déroule rapidement à sa largeur normale. Lors du premier tour, le chariot est élevé sur le bras de façon à se trouver au-dessus de la pince lorsqu'il repasse au point de départ du film. Il est ainsi possible d'escamoter la pince et de continuer les rotations, le film, lors du second tour, recouvrant la première couche de film après sa partie plissée. En fonction de la palette à emballer, le chariot va donc monter plus ou moins vite jusqu'en haut ou pas, de la palette, puis redescendre, le bras tournant pendant toute l'opération, ce qui permet de dérouler le film et d'envelopper la palette. Dans une dernière opération le chariot va redescendre, la rotation ralentir, et le film être plissé, soudé et coupé, lors d'une opération bien connue dans l'art antérieur.According to a known embodiment, the arm, whether in the up or down position, is rotatable relative to the table, which is fixed. At the beginning of an operating cycle, the pallet is placed on the table, and a press or stabilization tray is positioned on the top of the stack of products placed on the pallet. This plate presses on the top of the pile and stabilizes it with respect to the forces that will be exerted on the pile because of the plating of the film on its vertical faces. The film is blocked at its free end by a device for pinching, welding and cutting, which is referred to as clamp. This type of device is well known to those skilled in the art. The carriage is placed in the lower part of the arm, that is to say at the bottom of the pallet, near the clamp. The arm is then rotated around the tray. The vertical part of the arm, on which the carriage is located, is therefore rotated relative to the stack. This has the effect of stretching the film and pressing it against the pile. The film, initially folded, unfolds quickly to its normal width. During the first round, the carriage is raised on the arm so as to be above the clamp when it returns to the starting point of the film. It is thus possible to retract the clamp and continue rotations, the film, in the second round, covering the first layer of film after its pleated part. Depending on the palette to pack, the cart will go up or down to the top or not, the pallet, then down, the arm running throughout the operation, allowing to unroll the film and wrap the pallet. In a last operation the carriage will go down, the rotation slow down, and the film be folded, welded and cut, during an operation well known in the prior art.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de la machine, c'est la table qui est mobile en rotation par rapport au bras. Ce dernier fait alors partie du support avec un moyen de guidage vertical, du chariot mobile en translation comprenant le dispositif de déroulement du film. Au début d'un cycle de fonctionnement, la palette est disposée sur la table, et un plateau de stabilisation, mobile en rotation afin qu'il reste plaqué à la palette en rotation, est positionné sur le sommet de la pile posée sur la palette. Ce plateau appuie sur le sommet de la pile et la stabilise par rapport aux forces qui s'exercent sur la pile en raison du placage du film sur ses faces verticales, ainsi que par rapport aux forces liées à l'entraînement en rotation de la palette. Le film est bloqué à son extrémité libre par une pince du même type que celle citée dans le premier mode de réalisation de la machine, fixée sur la table mobile en rotation ou sur le support. Le chariot est placé dans la partie basse du bras, c'est-à-dire en bas de la palette, à proximité de la pince. La table est alors mise en rotation. Cela a pour effet d'étirer le film et de le plaquer contre la pile. La suite de l'opération est en tout point semblable à celle décrite dans le premier mode de réalisation de la machine, le chariot opérant dans ce cas les mêmes types de mouvements verticaux que précédemment.According to another embodiment of the machine, it is the table which is rotatable relative to the arm. The latter is then part of the support with a vertical guide means, the carriage movable in translation comprising the unwinding device of the film. At the beginning of a cycle of operation, the pallet is placed on the table, and a stabilizing plate, movable in rotation so that it remains plated on the rotating pallet, is positioned on the top of the pile placed on the pallet . This plate presses on the top of the pile and stabilizes it with respect to the forces exerted on the pile because of the film's plating on its vertical faces, as well as with respect to the forces related to the rotation of the pallet . The film is blocked at its free end by a clamp of the same type as that mentioned in the first embodiment of the machine, fixed on the moving table in rotation or on the support. The carriage is placed in the lower part of the arm, that is to say at the bottom of the pallet, near the clamp. The table is then rotated. This has the effect of stretching the film and pressing it against the pile. The rest of the operation is in all respects similar to that described in the first embodiment of the machine, the carriage operating in this case the same types of vertical movements as before.

Ce type d'appareil présente des inconvénients. La vitesse de rotation du bras est limitée, notamment en raison de son inertie lorsqu'il est placé en position haute, et il est toujours intéressant de chercher à augmenter cette vitesse d'exécution. La solution envisagée par le brevet EP 0 559 994, pour pallier cet inconvénient, est de placer le bras en position basse et de le relier à la table par un mécanisme, de telle façon qu'un moteur unique fasse tourner le bras dans un sens et la table dans un autre. Cela implique une vitesse de rotation de la table égale à la moitié de la vitesse de banderolage, qui est la vitesse relative entre la table et le bras. Elle peut encore être trop importante dans le cas de palettes peu stables.This type of device has disadvantages. The speed of rotation of the arm is limited, in particular because of its inertia when it is placed in the high position, and it is always interesting to try to increase this speed of execution. The solution envisaged by patent EP 0 559 994, to overcome this drawback, is to place the arm in a low position and to connect it to the table by a mechanism, so that a single motor rotates the arm in one direction. and the table in another. This implies a rotational speed of the table equal to half the wrapping speed, which is the relative speed between the table and the arm. It can still be too important in the case of unstable pallets.

Le brevet EP 0 279 871 propose deux modes de réalisation de la machine, l'un où le bras est fixe alors que la table tourne, et l'autre où le bras tourne alors que la table est fixe. Cet agencement permet de choisir, à l'acquisition, une machine en fonction du type de palettes qui sont à banderoler, mais ne permet pas de le moduler en temps réel ou d'augmenter la vitesse d'emballage.EP 0 279 871 proposes two embodiments of the machine, one where the arm is fixed while the table is rotating, and the other where the arm turns. while the table is fixed. This arrangement makes it possible to choose, on acquisition, a machine according to the type of pallets that are to be wrapped, but does not allow to modulate it in real time or to increase the packing speed.

Dans les deux brevets considérés, le bras est en position basse, ce qui impose, si les palettes arrivent sur des convoyeurs, un espace entre l'arrivée des convoyeurs et la table, et éventuellement la présence de ponts mobiles pour assurer le passage entre les deux, ce qui ajoute en complexité et en coût.In both patents considered, the arm is in the low position, which imposes, if the pallets arrive on conveyors, a space between the arrival of the conveyors and the table, and possibly the presence of movable bridges to ensure the passage between the two, which adds complexity and cost.

On connaît par ailleurs des machines comportant deux bras. Cependant leurs modes de fonctionnement sont identiques à ceux des machines à un bras, provoquant donc les mêmes inconvénients.Machines with two arms are also known. However, their modes of operation are identical to those of single-arm machines, thus causing the same disadvantages.

La présente invention vise à s'affranchir de tels inconvénients.The present invention aims to overcome such drawbacks.

La machine conforme à l'invention est définie dans la revendication 1.The machine according to the invention is defined in claim 1.

En particulier, le moyen de débrayage est constitué par deux surfaces coniques de même axe et mobiles le long de cet axe en translation l'un par rapport à l'autre.In particular, the disengaging means is constituted by two conical surfaces of the same axis and movable along this axis in translation with respect to one another.

Conformément à une autre caractéristique, ledit moyen est formé d'un roulement.According to another feature, said means is formed of a bearing.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le mécanisme comprend un pantographe assurant le déplacement vertical de la presse. En particulier ledit moyen de débrayage est disposé entre la presse et le pantographe.According to a preferred embodiment, the mechanism comprises a pantograph ensuring the vertical displacement of the press. In particular said disengaging means is disposed between the press and the pantograph.

Conformément à une autre caractéristique, la machine comprend un bras supportant deux chariots diamétralement opposés.According to another characteristic, the machine comprises an arm supporting two diametrically opposite carriages.

Selon un mode de réalisation la table est tournante. En particulier la table tournante comporte deux systèmes de pinces (22, 22') diamétralement opposés.According to one embodiment, the table is rotating. In particular the turntable has two claw systems (22, 22 ') diametrically opposed.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description suivante de la forme de réalisation préférée de la machine de l'invention, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue de profil d'un mode de réalisation de la machine de l'invention comportant un bras ;
  • la figure 2 représente une vue de dessus d'un mode de réalisation de la machine de l'invention comportant un bras ;
  • la figure 3 représente une vue de profil d'un mode de réalisation de la machine de l'invention comportant deux bras ;
  • la figure 4 représente une vue de dessus d'un mode de réalisation de la machine de l'invention comportant deux bras, et
  • la figure 5 représente une vue en coupe du plateau de stabilisation d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the following description of the preferred embodiment of the machine of the invention, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a profile view of an embodiment of the machine of the invention comprising an arm;
  • FIG. 2 represents a view from above of an embodiment of the machine of the invention comprising an arm;
  • FIG. 3 represents a profile view of an embodiment of the machine of the invention comprising two arms;
  • FIG. 4 represents a view from above of an embodiment of the machine of the invention comprising two arms, and
  • Figure 5 shows a sectional view of the stabilization plate of an embodiment of the invention.

En référence aux figures 1 et 2, la machine de l'invention comporte, dans un premier mode de réalisation, un bras 10, constitué d'une poutre horizontale 11 et d'une partie verticale 12, cette dernière supportant un chariot 20 de déroulement du film 21. Le chariot supporte un dévidoir pour une bobine de film et est mobile en translation le long de la partie verticale 12. Le bras 10 est monté sur un châssis statique 3. Il est entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe vertical 2 par un moteur électrique M1. Une table 30 reçoit les produits formant la charge 1 à envelopper. Dans ce mode de réalisation, elle est montée sur des galets de manière à pouvoir tourner sur elle-même autour de l'axe 2. Elle est entraînée par un moteur électrique M2 non visible sur la figure. Les moteurs M1 et M2 sont avantageusement commandés indépendamment l'un de l'autre.Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the machine of the invention comprises, in a first embodiment, an arm 10, consisting of a horizontal beam 11 and a vertical portion 12, the latter supporting a carriage 20 unwinding of the film 21. The carriage supports a reel for a film reel and is movable in translation along the vertical portion 12. The arm 10 is mounted on a static frame 3. It is driven in rotation about a vertical axis 2 by an electric motor M1. A table 30 receives the products forming the load 1 to be wrapped. In this embodiment, it is mounted on rollers so as to rotate on itself about the axis 2. It is driven by an electric motor M2 not visible in the figure. The motors M1 and M2 are advantageously controlled independently of one another.

La charge 1 à emballer est amenée sur la table tournante 30 grâce à un système de convoyage constitué de rouleaux, non représenté ici ; la table 30 est également munie d'un système de convoyage 31, comme on le voit sur la figure 2, pour compléter l'autre système de convoyage et positionner précisément la charge 1.The load 1 to be packaged is brought to the turntable 30 by means of a conveying system consisting of rollers, not shown here; the table 30 is also provided with a conveying system 31, as seen in FIG. 2, to complete the other conveying system and precisely position the load 1.

Une presse 40 vient en appui sur le sommet de la charge. Cette presse est reliée à la poutre 11 par un mécanisme 41, ici à pantographe, par lequel on peut la déplacer verticalement. Le pantographe est constitué de tringles articulées en ciseaux. Le pantographe est solidaire de la poutre 11 à une extrémité. L'autre extrémité se déplace en translation le long de l'axe 2 quand on déforme le pantographe. Un moyen est prévu pour permettre à la presse de ne pas être entraînée en rotation avec le bras 10, autour de l'axe 2, lorsqu'elle est en appui sur la charge.A press 40 bears on the top of the load. This press is connected to the beam 11 by a mechanism 41, here pantograph, by which one can move it vertically. The pantograph consists of rods hinged scissors. The pantograph is integral with the beam 11 at one end. The other end moves in translation along the axis 2 when the pantograph is deformed. Means is provided to allow the press not to be rotated with the arm 10, about the axis 2, when it bears on the load.

On décrit ci-après un mode réalisation d'un tel moyen, en référence à la figure 5. Il s'agit d'un moyen de débrayage de l'entraînement. Le mécanisme à pantographe comprend à son extrémité inférieure mobile un axe vertical 42 qui se termine dans sa partie inférieure par un cône 43. La presse 40 en forme de plateau comprend un évidement central de forme conique 45 avec un passage 46 pour l'axe 42. Celui-ci traverse l'évidement, et la surface 44 du cône 43 vient en contact avec la surface de l'évidement 45 du plateau 40 lorsque le plateau est suspendu par le cône 43 à l'axe 42.An embodiment of such a means is described below with reference to FIG. 5. This is a means for disengaging the drive. The pantograph mechanism comprises at its movable lower end a vertical axis 42 which terminates in its lower part by a cone 43. The platen-shaped press 40 comprises a conical central recess 45 with a passage 46 for the axis 42 This passes through the recess, and the surface 44 of the cone 43 comes into contact with the surface of the recess 45 of the plate 40 when the plate is suspended by the cone 43 at the axis 42.

En agissant par rétraction ou extension sur le pantographe, on peut donc déplacer verticalement la presse. On descend la presse sur la charge 1 après que celle-ci a été mise en place sur la table. Lorsque la presse 40 vient en appui sur la charge 1, l'axe 42 continue de descendre, de sorte à se retrouver dans une position comparable celle de la figure 5, c'est-à-dire une position dans laquelle les surfaces 44 et 45 ne sont plus en contact, sans toutefois que la base 47 du cône n'entre en contact avec la charge 1. Le plateau 40 et l'axe 42 sont alors débrayés. Le passage 46 est conformé de façon à autoriser un mouvement relatif entre l'axe 42 et le plateau 40, par exemple grâce à un système de roulement à billes ou à de la graisse.By acting by retraction or extension on the pantograph, we can move the press vertically. The press is lowered on the load 1 after it has been put in place on the table. When the press 40 bears on the load 1, the axis 42 continues to descend, so as to end up in a position comparable to that of FIG. 5, that is to say a position in which the surfaces 44 and 45 are no longer in contact, but the base 47 of the cone does not come into contact with the load 1. The plate 40 and the axis 42 are then disengaged. The passage 46 is shaped so as to allow relative movement between the axis 42 and the plate 40, for example by means of a ball bearing system or grease.

Dans cette position, la presse 40 repose sur la charge 1, la stabilisant en raison de son poids, tandis que l'axe 42 est libre de tourner sur lui-même.In this position, the press 40 rests on the load 1, the stabilizer because of its weight, while the axis 42 is free to turn on itself.

On procède ensuite au banderolage de la charge. Le chariot 20 est en position basse. On place l'extrémité libre du film 21 dans la pince 22, et l'emballage de la charge 1 peut alors commencer. Dans cette forme de réalisation de l'invention le bras 10 et la table 30 étant mobiles en rotation tous les deux, le bras 10 est mis en rotation dans un premier sens 51 et la table tournante 30, en sens 50 inverse. Le débrayage entre le plateau 40 qui s'appuie sur la charge et l'axe 42 qui est solidaire du bras 11 permet aux deux entités de tourner. Sous l'effet de cette rotation relative entre le chariot 20, solidaire du bras 10, et de la charge 1, solidaire de la table 30, le film 21 se déroule et est plaqué contre la charge 1. Cette dernière reste stable, même exposée au placage du film 21 et à son entraînement en rotation, grâce au plateau 40 de stabilisation qui pèse sur son sommet. Au début de l'opération le chariot 20 est en position basse, l'extrémité du film 21 bloquée par la pince 22. Lors du premier tour le film 21, qui était initialement plissé, se déroule petit à petit à sa largeur normale, tandis que le chariot 20 monte afin qu'à l'entame du second tour le bas du film 21 se retrouve au-dessus de la pince 22, qu'il est alors possible d'escamoter, le film 21 recouvrant alors en partie le premier tour de film et le plaquant ainsi sur la charge 1. Le chariot 20 va alors monter puis redescendre le long du bras 10, toujours en rotation, afin d'emballer tout ou partie de la charge 1. Dans une dernière phase, la table 30 et le bras 10 ralentissent dans le but de permettre à la pince 22 de venir souder la dernière couche de film 21, puis de la couper et de la maintenir, lors d'une opération bien connue de l'homme du métier.We then proceed to the wrapping of the load. The carriage 20 is in the low position. Place the free end of the film 21 in the clamp 22, and the package of the load 1 can then begin. In this embodiment of the invention the arm 10 and the table 30 being rotatable both, the arm 10 is rotated in a first direction 51 and the turntable 30, in the opposite direction 50. The disengagement between the plate 40 which relies on the load and the axis 42 which is integral with the arm 11 allows the two entities to rotate. Under the effect of this relative rotation between the carriage 20, integral with the arm 10, and the load 1, integral with the table 30, the film 21 unwinds and is pressed against the load 1. The latter remains stable, even exposed to the plating of the film 21 and to its rotational drive, thanks to the stabilizing plate 40 which weighs on its top. At the beginning of the operation the carriage 20 is in the low position, the end of the film 21 blocked by the clamp 22. In the first turn the film 21, which was initially folded, unfolds gradually to its normal width, while that the carriage 20 rises so that at the start of the second turn the bottom of the film 21 is found above the clamp 22, it is possible to retract, the film 21 then covering part of the first round of film and thus plating on the load 1. The carriage 20 will then go up and down again along the arm 10, still rotating, to pack all or part of the load 1. In a final phase, the table 30 and the arm 10 slow down in order to allow the clamp 22 to come weld the last layer of film 21, then cut and maintain, during an operation well known to those skilled in the art.

Ce mode réalisation de l'invention permet une double rotation de la table 30 et du bras 10, ce qui accroît la vitesse d'emballage de la charge 1, qui est la vitesse relative entre la table 30 et le bras 10. La charge 1 est en outre stabilisée grâce à la presse 40, ce qui permet encore d'accroître la vitesse d'emballage. Enfin il est possible d'obtenir des vitesses assez élevées du fait de la légèreté de la structure de la machine de l'invention. Cette légèreté est elle-même rendue possible par le montage de la presse sur la poutre 11.This embodiment of the invention allows a double rotation of the table 30 and the arm 10, which increases the packing speed of the load 1, which is the relative speed between the table 30 and the arm 10. The load 1 is further stabilized by the press 40, which further increases the speed of packaging. Finally, it is possible to obtain fairly high speeds because of the lightness of the structure of the machine of the invention. This lightness is itself made possible by mounting the press on the beam 11.

En raison de l'indépendance totale de fonctionnement entre les deux moteurs actionnant respectivement le bras 10 et la table 30, l'utilisateur est totalement libre du choix des deux vitesses de rotation. Ainsi il peut décider, si le besoin s'en fait sentir, de faire tourner la table 30 ou le bras 10 seulement. Il peut en outre décider, en fonction du type de palette à emballer, de faire tourner la table 30 plus lentement que le bras 10 ou inversement. Cela est par exemple intéressant dans le cas de palettes peu stables qui, même stabilisées par la presse 40, supportent mal une rotation trop forte de la table 30. Enfin il est possible de faire tourner la table 30 et le bras 10 dans le même sens, par exemple dans le but d'opérer un ralentissement global rapide, mais pas trop brusque pour l'un des deux qui tournerait à grande vitesse.Due to the total independence of operation between the two motors respectively actuating the arm 10 and the table 30, the user is completely free to choose the two speeds of rotation. Thus he can decide, if the need arises, to rotate the table 30 or the arm 10 only. It may further decide, depending on the type of pallet to be wrapped, to rotate the table 30 more slowly than the arm 10 or vice versa. This is for example interesting in the case of unstable pallets which, even stabilized by the press 40, poorly support excessive rotation of the table 30. Finally it is possible to rotate the table 30 and the arm 10 in the same direction for example in order to achieve a rapid global slowdown, but not too abrupt for one of the two that would turn at high speed.

La machine de l'invention présente de surcroît l'avantage de posséder le bras 10 en position haute, ce qui autorise une plus grande flexibilité du convoyage de la charge 1. Ainsi la direction du convoyage de départ par exemple peut être perpendiculaire à celle d'arrivée. Le convoyage est en outre sans interruption ou raccord des ponts convoyeurs à la table 30, puisqu'il n'y a pas de bras pour gêner le passage.The machine of the invention also has the advantage of having the arm 10 in the high position, which allows a greater flexibility of the conveying of the load 1. Thus the direction of the initial conveying for example can be perpendicular to that of 'arrival. Conveying is in additionally without interruption or connection of the conveyor bridges to the table 30, since there is no arm to hinder the passage.

La presse 40, en dehors de sa fonction de stabilisation de la charge, permet le cas échéant de maintenir une coiffe de film ou de carton, par exemple, que l'on dispose sur le sommet de la charge 1. Une fois maintenue par la presse 40, elle peut être plaquée sur les bords latéraux de la charge 1.The press 40, apart from its function of stabilizing the load, makes it possible, if necessary, to maintain a film or cardboard cap, for example, which is disposed on the top of the load 1. Once maintained by the press 40, it can be pressed against the side edges of the load 1.

On a décrit une machine dont la table 30 est mobile en rotation. L'invention présente un avantage aussi lorsque la table est fixe.There is described a machine whose table 30 is rotatable. The invention has an advantage also when the table is fixed.

En référence aux figures 3 et 4, on décrit un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention.With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, another embodiment of the invention is described.

Dans ce second mode, la machine possède deux bras 10, 10', formés par deux branches verticales 12, 12', diamétralement opposées, et toutes deux supportées par une poutre horizontale 11'. Ces deux branches 12, 12' sont du même type que dans le premier mode de réalisation. Elles supportent chacune un chariot 20, 20' de déroulement du film 21, 21', mobile en translation. La poutre 11' est mobile en rotation autour de l'axe de symétrie 2 de la table 30.In this second mode, the machine has two arms 10, 10 ', formed by two vertical branches 12, 12', diametrically opposite, and both supported by a horizontal beam 11 '. These two branches 12, 12 'are of the same type as in the first embodiment. They each support a carriage 20, 20 'unwinding the film 21, 21', movable in translation. The beam 11 'is rotatable about the axis of symmetry 2 of the table 30.

On procède au banderolage de la même façon que dans le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention. La charge 1 est positionnée sur la table 30 et stabilisée grâce à la presse 40. Les extrémités des films 21, 21' sont pincées en 22 et 22' respectivement, et la table 30 est mise en rotation dans un sens grâce à un premier moteur, tandis que la poutre 11' est entraînée en rotation dans le sens inverse par un second moteur, indépendant du premier. La table 30 d'une part et les deux branches 12 et 12' d'autre part tournent donc dans deux sens opposés 50, 51.The wrapping is carried out in the same way as in the first embodiment of the invention. The load 1 is positioned on the table 30 and stabilized by the press 40. The ends of the films 21, 21 'are clamped at 22 and 22' respectively, and the table 30 is rotated in one direction by a first motor , while the beam 11 'is rotated in the opposite direction by a second motor, independent of the first. The table 30 on the one hand and the two branches 12 and 12 'on the other hand rotate in two opposite directions 50, 51.

Ce deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention permet une flexibilité au niveau de l'emballage beaucoup plus grande. En effet les chariots 20, 20' étant indépendamment mobiles en translation sur les bras 10, 10', plusieurs procédures sont envisageables.This second embodiment of the invention allows flexibility in the much larger package. Indeed the carriages 20, 20 'being independently movable in translation on the arms 10, 10', several procedures are possible.

Par exemple, on peut banderoler une charge 1 à double, en deux fois moins de temps. Les deux branches 12 et 12' sont entraînées de façon à avoir la partie basse des films 21 et 21' respectifs au-dessus des pinces 22, 22' en un demi-tour, au début de l'opération.For example, you can band a load 1 to double, in half the time. The two branches 12 and 12 'are driven so as to have the lower part of the respective films 21 and 21' above the clamps 22, 22 'in a half turn, at the beginning of the operation.

Cette disposition permet de gagner du temps lors d'un banderolage à simple. On fait monter, dans un premier temps, l'un des deux chariots 20, 20', par exemple 20, très vite le long de son bras 12, tandis que l'autre chariot 20' monte doucement. En peu de temps, typiquement un demi-tour, il est alors possible d'avoir un chariot 20 en position haute et l'autre 20' en position basse. Le chariot 20 en position haute descend de façon à envelopper le haut de la charge 1, alors que le chariot 20' en position basse monte de façon à envelopper le bas de la palette 1. Après qu'ils se sont rencontrés, environ au milieu de la charge 1, ils redescendent rapidement jusqu'au niveau des pinces 22, 22', puis terminent chacun selon l'opération bien connue de soudage, coupage, pinçage.This arrangement saves time during a single wrapping. Firstly, one of the two carriages 20, 20 ', for example 20, is raised very quickly along its arm 12, while the other carriage 20' rises slowly. In a short time, typically a half turn, it is then possible to have a carriage 20 in the high position and the other 20 'in the low position. The carriage 20 in the up position descends to envelop the top of the load 1, while the carriage 20 'in the lower position rises to envelop the bottom of the pallet 1. After they met, about the middle 1, they descend quickly to the level of the clamps 22, 22 ', and then each end according to the well-known operation of welding, cutting, clamping.

Grâce à ce deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, non seulement on profite de tous les avantages donnés pour le premier, mais aussi on divise quasiment par deux la durée du banderolage. En outre cela permet une autonomie de film deux fois plus grande, et donc une fréquence d'intervention d'un opérateur pour le changement de film, qui interrompt l'enchaînement des palettes, deux fois plus faible.Thanks to this second embodiment of the invention, not only does one benefit from all the advantages given for the first, but also the length of the wrapping is almost halved. In addition it allows a film autonomy twice as large, and therefore a frequency of intervention of an operator for the change of film, which interrupts the sequence of pallets, twice as small.

Une autre fonctionnalité de la machine de l'invention va maintenant être décrite, bien que les éléments permettant sa mise en oeuvre ne soient pas représentés. Il est connu, dans les machines de l'art antérieur, de prévoir sur les chariots des capteurs de casse de film, permettant de détecter la casse du film et d'arrêter le fonctionnement de la machine dans ce cas. Grâce au deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, il est possible d'améliorer cette fonctionnalité, à savoir qu'en réponse à la détection de la rupture de l'un des deux films, la machine repasse en mode "mono-bras".Another feature of the machine of the invention will now be described, although the elements allowing its implementation are not shown. It is known, in the machines of the prior art, to provide on the carriages film breakage sensors, to detect the breakage of the film and stop the operation of the machine in this case. Thanks to the second embodiment of the invention, it is possible to improve this functionality, namely that in response to the detection of the rupture of one of the two films, the machine returns to "single-arm" mode .

Dans le cas d'une machine à deux bras 10, 10', il peut avantageusement être prévu de synchroniser le déplacement des deux chariots 20, 20' des bras 10, 10', par exemple grâce à une barre et des engrenages ad hoc permettant d'entraîner les deux chariots 20, 20' avec un moteur unique. Il est ainsi possible de faire de l'emballage à double en deux fois moins de temps. Dans un tel cas, et en réponse à la détection de la casse du film 21, par exemple, supporté par l'un des chariots 20, les diverses vitesses de rotation ou de déplacement, quel que soit le mode opératoire, à savoir rotation de la table 30 seule, du bras 10 seul ou des deux 10, 10', vont être adaptées afin de combler le manquement du film 21.In the case of a machine with two arms 10, 10 ', it may advantageously be provided to synchronize the movement of the two carriages 20, 20' of the arms 10, 10 ', for example by means of a bar and ad hoc gears allowing to drive the two carriages 20, 20 'with a single motor. It is thus possible to make double packaging in half the time. In such a case, and in response to the detection of the breakage of the film 21, for example, supported by one of the carriages 20, the various speeds of rotation or displacement, whatever the operating mode, namely rotation of the table 30 alone, the arm 10 alone or both 10, 10 ', will be adapted to fill the failure of the film 21.

Plus précisément, en réponse au signal de détection de la casse du film 21, l'organe de contrôle de la machine va adapter les vitesses de rotation des divers éléments, table 30 et poutre 11', ainsi que la vitesse de déplacement des chariots 20, 20', s'ils sont solidaires, ou du chariot 20' dont le film 21' n'est pas cassé, s'ils ne le sont pas, afin que le film 21' restant assure le même enveloppement de la charge que si les deux films 21, 21' avaient été présent. Le temps d'emballage restant sera donc au moins multiplié par deux, mais il n'y aura pas d'arrêt de la machine.More precisely, in response to the detection signal of the breakage of the film 21, the control member of the machine will adapt the rotational speeds of the various elements, table 30 and beam 11 ', as well as the speed of movement of the carriages 20 , 20 ', if they are integral, or the carriage 20' whose film 21 'is not broken, if they are not, so that the film 21' remaining ensures the same wrap of the load as if both films 21, 21 'had been present. The remaining packing time will therefore be at least doubled, but there will be no stopping of the machine.

Cette fonctionnalité est très intéressante, non seulement dans le cas de rupture de l'un des films 21, 21', mais aussi en cas de maintenance de l'un des chariots ou de remplacement de l'une seulement des bobines de film 21, 21'.This feature is very interesting, not only in the case of rupture of one of the films 21, 21 ', but also in the event of maintenance of one of the carriages or replacement of only one of the film reels 21, 21 '.

Dans le cas où les deux films 21, 21' sont cassés, la machine est arrêtée. Cette situation est toutefois statistiquement beaucoup moins probable que la rupture d'un seul film, d'où l'intérêt de la machine de l'invention pourvue de cette fonctionnalité, car il est très rare qu'elle ne s'arrête.In the case where the two films 21, 21 'are broken, the machine is stopped. This situation is however statistically much less likely than the breakage of a single film, hence the interest of the machine of the invention provided with this feature, because it is very rare that it stops.

La présence d'un double bras sur cette structure est rendue possible grâce à la légèreté de cette dernière, qui est permise par le moyen tel que le système de débrayage de la presse 40. Sans ce système notamment, la structure aurait été trop lourde et il aurait fallu redimensionner le châssis 3 de la machine.The presence of a double arm on this structure is made possible by the lightness of the latter, which is permitted by the means such as the release system of the press 40. Without this particular system, the structure would have been too heavy and it would have had to resize the frame 3 of the machine.

Conformément à un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, le moyen permettant la rotation du bras par rapport à la presse est constitué par un roulement.According to another embodiment not shown, the means for rotating the arm relative to the press is constituted by a bearing.

Claims (6)

  1. Machine for wrapping products (1) under a film (21), comprising at least one arm (10), which can be rotated with respect to a fixed frame (3) supporting it, a carriage (20) for unwinding the film (21) mounted on the arm (10), a table (30) on which the products are placed, which can itself also be rotated with respect to the fixed frame (3), and a press (40) for stabilizing the products, the arm (10) and the table (30) being respectively driven by two motors controlled independently of each other, which machine is characterized in that the press (40) is connected to the arm by a linking mechanism (41) comprising a disengaging linking means (42-46) making it possible to rotate the arm (10) with respect to the press (40) when the latter bears on the products.
  2. Machine according to Claim 1, the disengaging means of which comprises two conical surfaces (44, 45) having the same axis and able to move along this axis in translation one with respect to the other.
  3. Machine according to either of Claims 1 and 2, the linking mechanism (41) of which comprises a pantograph, providing the vertical displacement of the press (40).
  4. Machine according to Claim 3, the said linking means (42-46) of which is placed between the press (40) and the pantograph.
  5. Machine according to one of Claims 1 to 4, comprising two arms (10, 10') supporting two diametrally opposed carriages (20, 20').
  6. Machine according to Claim 5, the table (30) of which comprises two diametrally opposed grip systems (22, 22').
EP03755613A 2002-07-17 2003-07-17 Wrapping machine Expired - Fee Related EP1532049B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0209045 2002-07-17
FR0209045A FR2842503B1 (en) 2002-07-17 2002-07-17 WRAPPING
PCT/FR2003/002263 WO2004009447A1 (en) 2002-07-17 2003-07-17 Wrapping machine

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EP1532049A1 EP1532049A1 (en) 2005-05-25
EP1532049B1 true EP1532049B1 (en) 2007-02-14

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DE (1) DE60311819T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2842503B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004009447A1 (en)

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FR2872487B1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2007-02-09 Finzy Sylvie SIMULTANEOUS BANDERING DEVICE OF THE SIDE FACES AND A FACE OF END OF A PALLETIZED LOAD
FR2872486B1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2008-02-15 Finzy Sylvie DEVICE FOR BANDOLATING A PALLETIZED LOAD ENABLING THE CLOSURE ON THE UPPER FACE OF SAID LOAD, AND METHOD FOR BANDOLATING THE SAME
US20080229714A1 (en) 2007-03-19 2008-09-25 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Film wrapping machine utilizing two film carriage assemblies to effectively perform film change operations
US20080229716A1 (en) 2007-03-19 2008-09-25 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Film wrapping machine simultaneously utilizing two film carriage assemblies
IT1394754B1 (en) * 2009-06-04 2012-07-13 Robopac S A Ora Robopac S P A METHOD AND MACHINE TO WRAP A PRODUCT
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DE3615450C2 (en) * 1986-05-07 1995-01-05 Ziegler Kerstin Device for wrapping in particular lumpy packaged goods by means of stretchable film
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IT1292174B1 (en) * 1997-06-17 1999-01-25 Fis Impianti S R L PACKAGING PROCEDURE AND RELATED AUTOMATIC WRAPPING EQUIPMENT FOR THE CREATION OF PACKAGES OF PALLETIZED LOADS,

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EP1532049A1 (en) 2005-05-25
DE60311819T2 (en) 2007-10-31
DE60311819D1 (en) 2007-03-29
WO2004009447B1 (en) 2004-05-27
WO2004009447A1 (en) 2004-01-29
FR2842503B1 (en) 2005-01-14
AU2003273453A1 (en) 2004-02-09
FR2842503A1 (en) 2004-01-23

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